Build in danish

Western House for Russian rubles. Construction of a country house on Danish panel-frame technology. Estimation.

Danhaus argues: This family-owned nest can be "reinforced" for trimesula

Seven times measure cut once. This rule is followed by builders, exploring the soil under the foundation bookmark

Binding the future house to the area

Panel installation work requires crane officer

Interior partitions are exhibited by level after installing two adjacent walls.

Separate elements are nailed with a pneumatic carrot

Main assembly tool- pneumatic wrench

Roof farms are collected on earth from finished elements. For their connection, wooden and metal linings nailing

Installation of the Dormer window is made before installing the lumpy lumpy \

FRONTON is installed in place with windows

Balcony design provides adjustment in height. For this racks are equipped with adjustment nodes

The insulation plates are delivered to the construction site immediately before laying in the intergenerational overlap and in the roof design

Wooden roof elements are connected by corners, steel and wooden lining.

The gaps between the plates of the insulation threshold of the balcony door are fought

Inclined mansard windows are installed in pre-prepared openings

Laying of natural tiles is carried out by rows from the bottom up. Finished to laying tile is distributed on the bars of the crates so that it is easy to take

Plates of gypsum fiber sheets are muted to the ceiling wooden bars of pneumatic stapler brackets

Facing the house is carried out in regular. Although the overall thickness of the wall is 40cm, its heat shielding properties correspond to a brickwork with a thickness of 1.5m

Floor plan

Plan of the second floor

Want to build a high-quality western house for Russian rubles? Do you dream that it is beautiful, warm and long did not require major repairs? And at the same time do not want to turn the construction into an infinite process? Then make interest in how the Danish-skeleton-skeleton-skewers are available to the middle class of Russians are erected in the suburbs.

Golden mean

Building a house begins with a mortgage board looks like a Danish house in which a typical middle class representative lives? Not as a castle Elsinor, but also not as "shelter of the wretched Chukhonza." This is usually a good low-rise building built by a typical project from relatively inexpensive materials. Danish practice of building low-rise buildings gives Russians a real chance to acquire their own home. Most homeowners in both countries want to have the highest possible dwelling at a minimum of its creation costs. That is why Danish projects, for the first time in our country, implemented in the Moscow region, are caused by our compatriots who have been living.

Regarding inexpensive typical houses are built using tested technologies. Individual design increases the cost of the building at least twice. Danish firms offer the customer to choose several options for houses of different sizes. In this case, each project can be finalized. For example, the same building is offered both with a terrace and without it. However, Danes are ready to build buildings and according to individual projects. Twencing two months from the moment of coordination of the project at the factory are collected and prepared for sending all components of the future at home, including consumables. During this time, the foundation is cast on the construction site, water, electricity, gas are mounted to the object.

The panel is fixed on the mortgage board of the glue-seases of the construction of new products in Russia in Russia lies in the fact that the panel-skeleton box is placed outside the facial brick, which is purchased, on the selection of the customer, or abroad. Close analogue of such houses are frame-panel. However, the Danish buildings are fundamentally different from them that all parts of their frameworks along with the trim are produced in the form of panels in the factory conditions, and not on the construction site. For the construction of walls and partitions, panels made on the Danish Polar Isolierung technology are used. It allows you to create energy-saving panels without seams and joints with a length of up to 13.8m (along the length of the truck for transportation), of which the walls are collected. The surfaces of the panels are made of durable gypsum fiber Fermacell sheets of the German FELS company, withstanding the load 50kg / cm2. The voids are filled with Rockwool basalt fiber insulation (Denmark). From the side of the room, the heat insulation of the panels is protected by a vapor insulating film TYVEK HD SOFT produced by the international concern DuPont, outside they are covered with a windproof plate from Norbit (Norway), simultaneously protecting and from moisture.

Brick cladding is needed to increase the energy efficiency of the frame and give the house complete architectural form. The combined structure of the walls allows to facilitate and at the same time strengthen the structure of the house, increase the resistance of walls and windows heat transfer, reduce the cost of construction, speed up its process. Such houses are equally well withstanding the northern cold, and the southern heat, possess wind and seismic stability. Suffice it to say that heat loss construction is reduced to the highest possible level to date. Well: Soundproofing of the walls and floor overlap reaches the value of 45db. This means that in the premises will be quiet, even if construction equipment works on the street.

Of course, it is impossible to attribute Danish houses to the category cheap. The cost of a typical area of 150m2 is 110 thousand (abnormal finishes). But according to Moscow standards, to call such a house, the expensive will also be wrong.

Principle of conveyor assembly

The pneumatic tool is driven by a compressor of confident promotion of Danish technology to the CIS countries and to Russia is to unify the construction process, where there is no place to make structures directly on the construction site. Everything necessary to build a one-story house with a small area of 200m2 is delivered to the place from the factory in three large eurofours. The tap of the crane is made at the same time unloading of cars, and the installation of wall structures. In the presence of the foundation, materials and trained brigade of six people (plus the cranewner), the build of the frame of the building lasts 2 days. Another 4 days of workers are required to install the farms of overlapping and conducting roofing works. A construction cycle, which includes lining of walls with brick and installation of communications, is 4.5 weeks. The finish of the house is not normalized, since this process depends entirely on the taste of the customer and the magnitude of his wallet. But under any circumstances, the construction is turning turns no later than 3 months from the beginning of the assembly work.

The assembly of the house and its exterior decoration is carried out by domestic personnel who have passed special training or in Denmark or in master classes that the Danes are carried out in Russia. The brigade is armed with all the necessary consumables and tools, including workwear. The use of tools and materials not provided for by the manufacturer's technology is not allowed. All construction operations are carried out by branded manual intended for official use. Each operation is normalized in time, as in the solid dealership. Integration of time saving lunch for workers is brought to a construction site in thermos.

The beginning of time

The theater begins with hangers, and the house is foundation. The foundation laying is preceded by geodesic works, which are drilling the Shurfs in various parts of the territory to identify the soil structure, as well as the presence or absence of surface groundwater. For these purposes, a mobile drilling rig based on the UAZ car is used. Next is the binding of the future home to the terrain. This is done with the help of the theodolitis by the geodesist and his assistant. The data obtained are entered into the cadastral plan of the site compiled by the local land committee.

The geodesist makes markup, on the lines of which the pings of the foundation are digging by a manual or excavator. From how exactly exactly and properly cast the foundation depends, whether the combination of wall panels will fall in place and whether the building will be strong. No special documentation for the construction of the foundation of the Danes. The solution of this issue is entrusted by the subcontracting Russian company, which specializes in the conduct of zero cycles.

The requirements of the house collectors are strictly compliance with the strength characteristics of the foundation of the calculated loads (the construction of the building weighing 80 tons will be based on it), the exact coincidence of the foundation tape with the design dimensions of the walls along the axes and the quality of the screed for the installation of wall panels. In the case, the width of the foundation, on which the panels and brickwork are based on 50cm; The screed is made of foam concrete blocks and removed "at zero" with a solution. Savorified buildings The load on the foundations is about the same, so the principles of their construction are a little different from each other. For more information on the device of the foundations of wooden houses, you can read in the articles "When Izba Red Corners" and "House in which the walls help."

Dictionary of special terms

Mauerlat. - Substropical timber.

Gable - Architectural completion of the facade of the building, limited to the roofs.

Dormer - Vertical window in the attic part of the building.

Lucarna - The design forming the opening to install the vertical window on the roof.

The first steps

Details of small sizes are unloaded from the wagon right in the house! 200mm). Holes for anchors are drilled in the foundation at the place through the boards. All wooden house design details are made of pine treated with ELOF Hansson Swedish company technology.

Work begins with the installation of the frontal wall panel. It is a facade of the whole, with an already inserted window block that does not require additional finishes. For the convenience of mounting at the top of the panel there are hinges from a durable synthetic cable, for which the hooks of the crane chalk hooks (subsequently the loops are trimmed with a knife). The other three walls of the house look also look. There are already windows, entrance and balcony doors produced by the German company VEKA. The windows and doors are made of PVC profile and are equipped with hermetic two-chamber glass windows filled with argon.

The wall of the wall is served as a crane directly from the wagon. The base of the base along the entire length is applied by a pneumatic sealant layer FermaCell (Germany), which in minutes fixes the product set on it. The wall panel is placed on the base and is fixed in a strictly vertical position of temporary disconse from the board. Also, the panel additionally binds to the base of metal linings. Nails in the wall are clogged with a pneumatic hammer. In addition, it already has holes for the bolts (M20, length 250mm), which it will be sealed with an adjacent wall. For the entire operation takes 15-20 minutes. Nails, anchors, bolts, self-tapping screws supplies the German company Wurth. The next wall is placed in relation to the first at an angle of 90. along the line of its adjuncing to the first wall, the layer of glue-sealant is also applied. The connection is made by bolts using a pneumatic wrench (under their walls are made to mortgage threaded sleeves).

Next comes a turn of the installation of interroom partitions. They are similar panels, only with fewer insulation inside. It is also connected to each other with the help of glue and bolts. Partitions are set by a crane in order allowing to provide stiffness of the structure. At this stage, the work is conducted by two collectors and two riggers using only the aircraft with a glue and spanner tube. Simultaneously with the installation of walls inside the box at home, the crane loads small structural elements (packing with mansard windows, consumables IT.P.). Outside in strict order, the facade panels are installed, packed in the blocks of the rafted detail, beams of overlaps. Sensity of unloading has an explanation: payment of carriers of hourly. Workers are confident that the next wagon will come to the construction site strictly on schedule, so they seek to comply with the assembly schedule and not violate the rhythm of work. For the day, they manage to build walls and partitions of the first floor. The construction site remains a security guard; Nevertheless, the entire tool will take care of them.

Full forward!

As in Denmark, work on the Russian construction site begins at 7 am. The first thing to the house is entered the compressor to which the pneumatic tool is connected. WTO Time for unloading The second waga rises from which the frontone panels and the parts of the roof design are retrieved. Two workers begin to build rafters on Earth.

Farms are fastened with steel corners to trimmed bars and temporarily connected by rails to ensure the rigidity of the construction of the rafting legs, the tightening and the soils are connected together with wooden and metal galvanized overlays that are nailed with nails. Farms are put in step in 1m, the ceiling overlap beams are mounted between them. Folding farms to Mauerlatam is carried out by galvanized corners that are nailed. The first farm is set vertically using a crane and is temporarily fixed with wooden disclosures. As other farms are exhibited, they are binding to each other boards that impede the overturning of the structures.

After installing farms, the frontones panel are put. Like the walls, they are one-piece structures with existing windows. Under each fronton at the wall of the wall panel, a layer of glue-sealant is applied. The frontplate panel is put in place and twisted with bolts with extreme farms. According to the project, in the attic part of the house there are two symmetric windows-Dormer produced by VEKA, located in large lugarns on the roof rods. The front wall panels are lug-free with the windows already mounted in them are put on the places prepared among rafters and firmly fasten with them with metal corners. Later, the part of the rafter from the inside the lugar will be carefully drank to form a free space by the window. Insisuses to ensure the stiffness of the connection, the cut parts of the farms are fastened with the riglee from the glued bar.

Simultaneously with the installation of farms, frontones and lug-free two workers are building a balcony. Its design provides variable loads on the support pillars, as a result of which they are made with adjustment nodes at the base. When a balcony shrink, which will occur already during the operation of the building, the pillars can be lifted by tightening the adjusting nut. The technological opening under the door and the window block of the balcony is insulated with plates from extrusion foamed polyethylene.

Meanwhile, the unloaded wagon replaces the third (last), which brought the insulation and engineering equipment. The insulation in the polyethylene packaging is stored outside, the equipment is also (the boiler of the German company Vaillant, a fireplace, boiler, plumbing and water pipes, wires, wiring products IT.P.) It is placed inside the house. The working day ends with the guidance of order on the construction site, loading tools in the car and the transmission of an object under protection.

From above can be seen

After two or three hours of operation, the main actions of the builders focus in the attic part of the house. For prompt access to rafters and subsequent facade works on both sides of the building, light inventory forests are installed. On them moved workers, fixing the beams of overlaps. The design of farms and the rafter system is quite complex, it is replete with articulation made at different angles,

On top of the rafter stretches the pair-hydroism-core membrane with screeds, inserts. However, it does not provide for the processing of parts on the construction site. Each element of factory manufacture is connected to another predetermined method and strictly according to the technological map. The main working tool in the attic is a pneumatic carrot. Elements of wooden structures are mainly sealed with steel galvanized corners and overlays that are nailed.

Forward time, not all the beams of ceiling floors are set and fixed, it is necessary to walk with caution. Immediately after they are installed, the temporary boardwalk is laid on top, which can already be moved completely calmly. After assembling farms, workers cover their pair-hydro-insulating membrane Delta-Vent (Germany), fixed on the stapler braces rafters. At first it serves as protection at home from precipitation, and then becomes part of the "roofing pie." The membrane makes a doom and a counterclaim, after which the natural tile of the Russian production "Braas-DSC 1" is stacked. Also, the cake includes thermal insulation from rigid mineral wool plates Rockwool and vaporizolation.

In parallel, there is a preparation for the insulation of the interlated overlap. Al across the beams of overlappings from below, bars are nailed to which the mineral wool mats of the insulation will be relying. A little later, they will be close at the dry ceiling of FermaCell with drying plates. In the meantime, the openings remain open between the beams. Along with the dormer windows, the attic windows of the model GL308 produced Velux (Denmark) are provided in the attic. Workers conduct preparation of openings to their installation. The second day of construction ends with garbage from workplaces, loading tools in special and transmission of the object under protection.

Facade of the house

Over the next three days on the roof and facade of the house there are installers and electrics. The roof is the responsible part of the building structure. The developer attracts a highly professional team of Russian masters from the company "RSM-STROY" for this work, which has passed an internship in Germany. The roof is performed on the patented technology of the German company BRAAS (you can read in the article "Roof of your house"). These same specialists are inhibited by vinyl siding karnis and mount the water-felled production system of the Danish company Plastmo.

Before facing at home brick wall panels are insulated with mineral wool slabs. The multilayer design of insulated walls provides them with high resistance to heat transfer with roofing works, facing the facade with effective high quality bricks. The essence of the technology is reduced to the following. From the side of the street on top of the panel walls is mounted (stapler brackets) an extra layer of insulation-mineral wool rockwool plates with a thickness of 20mm. On its surface in polyvinyl chloride corrugated sleeves, the wiring of electrically conductives is stretched to sockets and to lamps. Inputs through the wall in the mounting and junction boxes are made through the sealing couplings. Between the insulation and brick facing, a two-chamber ventilated space is maintained, which is necessary for the output of water vapor. The first row of bricks is isolated from the foundation with a layer of hydrohoteloisol. Masonry work, standing on light forests, brick and imported solution to them manually. The color and options for the outer finish of the house are determined by the client. The building can be lined with brick entirely or having a tree trimmed fronttones and wooden inserts over the windows. In the case, the bricklayers in a certain order combine red and dark brown brick. A major palette of the roof and walls, against the background of which white windows and doors are spectacularly looking, distinguishes the Danish house from neighboring buildings. It is recognized immediately by the characteristic features of architecture and finishes.

Enlarged calculation of the cost of work and materials on the construction of a two-story house with an area of 148m2

Name of works	Units. change	Number of	Price, $	Cost, $
Foundation work
Layout, development and garment	m3.	67.	eighteen	1206.
Preliminary work, waterproofing	m2.	100	eight	800.
Stone tape base	m3.	28.	40.	1120.
Caution lateral isolation	m2.	140.	2.8.	392.
TOTAL	3518.
Applied materials on the section
Stone block	m3.	28.	fifty	1400.
Masonry solution, crushed stone, crushes, sand	m3.	thirty	28.	840.
Bituminous polymer mastic (Canada)	m2.	240.	3,2	768.
TOTAL	3008.
Walls (box)
Installation and dismantling of scaffolding	m2.	270.	3.5	945.
Installation of walls and partitions	m2.	255.	thirty	7650.
Installation of overlaps, stairs	m2.	148.	sixteen	2368.
Facing wall bricks	m2.	76.	twenty	1520.
TOTAL	12483.
Applied materials on the section
Frame, panels, stairs, etc.	set	-	-	70,000
Brick facial	PC.	4300.	0,3.	1290.
Masonry solution, etc.	set	one	420.	420.
TOTAL	71710.
Roofing device
Installation of the rafter design	m2.	130.	12	1560.
Tile Coating Device	m2.	130.	eight	1440.
Installation of the drain system	rm. M.	40.	6.	240.
TOTAL	3240.
Applied materials on the section
Cement-sand tile Braas (Germany)	m2.	130.	29.	3770.
Steam, wind and waterproof films	m2.	130.	2.	260.
PLASTMO drainage system (Denmark)	set	one	450.	450.
TOTAL	4480.
Warm outline
Insulation of coatings and overlaps insulation	m2.	580.	2.	1160.
Filling opening windows and door blocks	m2.	51.	35.	1785.
TOTAL	2945.
Applied materials on the section
Insulation Rockwool.	m2.	340.	2.6	884.
Window blocks veka.	m2.	35.	170.	5950.
Mansard windows Velux	PC.	3.	530.	1590.
TOTAL	8424.
Total cost of work	22200.
Total cost of materials	87700.
TOTAL	109808.

To be continued.

The editors thanks Danhaus for help in preparing the material.