The fence of the private section of a high iron fence and other ways to ensure the procurance of housing.
The use of a mirror is a reception that allows you to visually expand the space and disguise the powerful solid wall. Through the light design of the fence from the plant "string" as if he was overlooking the new, the "laminated" world of miracles
Multi-tier fence from bamboo- very durable design. Thick stalks can not be broken with their hands and it is difficult to cut up with hacksaw. The same bamboo does not rot
Entrance to the Chinese kindergarten decorate elegant candle holders and sculptures of mythical animals
Next to the rustic log house stretched a thick-thick wint. He was placed on the stone basis, thereby defending against the constant contact with the Earth and the rapid rot
Best material for wooden structures - pine, larch or oak
These unusual, as if missing support parts of the structure follow the traditions of the buildings of hot Asian and African countries. They are tied to the house, above all, their dazzling white. Metal spans welded, metal rolling
The wooden hedge is arranged by the type of blinds, there is no deaf shadow and dampness near it, strong vortex flows appear. Planted close to the plant fence feel cozy, getting and light, and fresh air
The decorative "window" breaks the boring monotony of a bamboo wall
Palcol from logs with a diameter of 100-180mm around a garden or summer terrace looks harmonious if the house is log. Fence tightly pulled by alhipi
We publish this fence for a rustic woven. IMPLEMENTALLY TO BE LIBE, you see imitation made by blacks from metal rods
It is the "rough" stone wall better reflects external noises
The inclusion of stained inserts into the design of the fencing is the original idea. This combined fence creates a special artistic environment.
You look through large openings on the opening space as a picture. Its framing - wooden frame with curly Lianami
Low brick hedges seem higher if there is a thick planting of decoration of decor-tv-deciduous and flowering plants on them
Achie by wild grapes a metal fence with concrete supports will soon be difficult to distinguish from the real alive hedge
Wooden elements laid cross-closer in several layers form a solid wall. Style Fence- Typical Country
Stone "Fortresses" - originally from mountainous countries, where this material is used in construction from ancient times. The base is performed from reinforced concrete, building blocks, bricks and stones
Openwork forging Even a massive fence makes elegant. Vertical pillars seem to talk with high pines
Architectural concrete panels imitate old brick
Each panel is composed of four sections made of architectural concrete
a-frequency;
Blet;
Pasture type;
G-lattice;
d- headquarters;
E- solid
Wall-waterfall. Pumping equipment and water reservoir are located underground, and tubes supplying water - inside the stone structures of the hedge
Even large trees can be planted near the fence, from the south side. Flat crown form, fixing branches on horizontal stretch marks. Such a plants saves the area of the site. Earth before seeding a lawn is covered with a mulching film
When it is only required to outline the boundaries of the landscape, the fence can be built of bent trunks of trees
The inner fence shares the economic, technical zone and living
Bamboo stems are fixed with durable threads, the top of the hedge is decorated with a dense bunch of thin birch branches
"Basket" weaving from young willow
By barely learned how to build a dwelling, a person took over the problem of his fencing establishment of an additional protective wall that would protect the house from the dangers of the outside world. The problem remains relevant to this day.
The elements of this unusual millet, the elements resemble the languages of the flame or the leaves of the plantation building the construction of the house, you already at the stage of laying the foundation begin to think about the fencing of the site. How to watch construction materials? How to protect young and fragile fit from the visits of the unborn guests? When the house is ready, the problem of property protection still does not give the owners of peace. The guarding function is perhaps the main purpose of the fences. At least those capital structures that are built around the perimeter of your possessions. They also protect you from external noise, from dust, wind and even make it difficult to hit the mosquito on the site (it is believed that it is enough to build a fencing with a height of only 6 meters).
Fence is a construction consisting of three main components: support pillars; The spans (or runs), including the filling and elements of its attachment to the supports, horizontal stable (or outstand), as well as the input rotation or gate. Additionally, the fence can be equipped with visors to protect against rain and snow, illumination, various decorative elements, signaling systems and video surveillance. For greater "inaccessibility" on top, above the spans, they allow barbed wire or mounted glass fragments.
For the construction of fences, a variety of materials are used: wood, brick, metal, reinforced concrete, natural stone or all sorts of combinations thereof. The fence is usually established before the construction of the house, simultaneously with the wiring of electricity and water, leaving the opening with a width of 5-6m so that the car can drive with any necessary materials. Later, this opening will be evilored and will turn into a nice gate.
What kind of fences are now in fashion? These are mainly the deaf fence with a height of at least 2, or even all 2.5m, real "fortress walls". The psyche of the residents of megacities tired of the constant impact of civilization, from the accumulation of people, cars, houses. Here are the townspeople and go to nature with one goal one to retire, hide and relax, relax. Hospital, and the decorative side at such an altitude and the design of a deaf type, as a rule, facing the site - did not even try for neighbors, the beauty to restore, the owner argues. Although the encouraging tendency of this season was the fact that among the created fences there was a considerable amount of "transparent", non-lighted structures 1.5.5 height. And, which is also nice, there are more and more individual, inepar solutions.
The cost of each fence is made up of three components: the cost of materials, delivery and work. The sum of the last two can reach up to 70% of the value of the materials, and sometimes be even higher. All prices mentioned in the article are designed for the conditional design with a height of 2m with a distance between the support pillars 3m. Moreover, prices are given without shipping costs and works, since these values can vary greatly depending on the location of the site and the fence length (than it is shorter, the more expensive installing each meter).
Support poles
The high and massive fence protects against the hazards of the outside world, and the low, woven, rather decorative a decorative type of fencing mainly depends on the design of the spans, then for the strength of the structure, the choice of material of the support pillars is very important (they are also called racks). Even a wooden fence, they rarely have wooden, it would be strongly shortened by the service life of the structure. The support pillars are usually made from metal (steel pipes of a square, rectangular or round section with a diameter of 50mm) or reinforced concrete (well, if the racks will have four vertical reinforcement rods, not two). If you want to see the pillars by all-time wooden, be sure to make sure that the part is immersed in the ground at least 1M was prevented from reinforcing or coating from a heated bitumen, or a firing in a fire before the formation of a coal layer or packed in a metal pipe.
Complies (SNiP III-10-75 "Improvement of the Territories"), which prescribe the basic rules for the construction of enclosing structures, nothing is said about the performance of the racks. For mechanical strength and countering wind load with a two-year fence, sufficient depth in 70-90 cm. But on the bunched soils, the lines, dusty sands, in the places of close grounding of groundwater- in the conditions of the middle strip of Russia, it is recommended to increase the depth to 150-160 cm (the value equal to the thickness of the freezing soil). Otherwise, as a result of the brightness of the soils, the poles may be squeezed out from the ground, which is why the design threatens to throw. Standard step length between supports - 2-3m. This indicator depends primarily on the material of stable and mass of intake spans. In the construction of heavy fences (brick, stone), 1 p. M which weighs more than 100-150kg, it will be necessary to build a belt foundation.
Pits under the poles are rotated using a garden drill with various knives with a diameter of 30-40cm (which is 2-2.5 times wider than the diameter of the pillar). The layer of sand and a layer of gravel fall on the bottom. Poles set strictly vertically, after which the entire volume of the pit should be formed or slain. On the slopes, the extreme angular racks are mounted, between which the cord is stretched. Then the location of the intermediate columns is scheduled using a plumb and measuring rail. It is desirable that the value of lowering adjacent spans does not exceed 1/4 of their height.
"Transparent" or deaf?
A wooden stakenik is very dense filling with a decorative side facing the streets of the streets, of course, convenient for the owners, because they allow us to separate from the outside world, create your chamber world and calmly profit it. But from a decorative point of view, these designs are cumbersome and rarely harmoniously fit into the landscape. Such a fence creates a thick shadow. In addition, continuous fences, especially located on the plain, cause a sharp rise of the air flow and such a sharp drop on the other side of the fence. The result is turbulent and destructive downstream air flows interfering with green planting sitting near the fence. Point places are usually settled by a huge number of garden pests - butterflies, caterpillars IT.D. "Transparent" designs (they are also called non-unhealthy, unpaid, lattice, open, rareered) reduce wind speed, dispel its energy and prevent the appearance of vortex flows. Similar fencing of visually easier and air, they can be entered into any landscape, even small in the area.
Wood
Solid fence from the plane board. Visors over the columns and wicket protect against rain and snow. Wooden fences are a classic of the genre, one of the most popular in Russia, the benefit of the material is inexpensive. As already noted, such a construction is better to be installed using a stronger material for support pillars - metal, reinforced concrete. From the tree they produce spans. You can build a fence from the finished spans (the workpieces of various configurations and drawings offer the company "Norwegian house", "Tamak", "Extra-Tech" IDR.) Or "raw" material. Wooden fences are both frequencies, and a rustic woven, and a stakenier, and a solid "lining". Filling elements can fit horizontally, vertically, crosswise or to form more complex drawings. Particularly popular material - pine, a combination of price and quality of which is optimal (already mentioned fence 2m height with a step between the supports 3m will cost the owners of 450-500 rubles. / M). Approximately 2 times more expensive and a very durable larch (950-1000 rubles / mm) - it is not afraid of moisture, does not rot. Oak is more elite, which is more expensive than larchs by an average of 1.5 times. On raw wetlands can also be used soft, non-decisive breed of wood (aspen, lime).
Tree is treated with protective-textural impregnations. They are offered as Russian manufacturers ("Lovin-Flames", "Sezheng", "Rogneda" IDR.), And foreign (Arch Timber Protection, United Kingdom; Tikkurilla, Finland; Pinotex, Estonia). Also, wood can be painted in various colors or tinted by imitating valuable rocks.
For a stakeholder and a solid fence, it is advisable to use a planed board with a thickness of 20-25mm and a width of 80-150mm. Injoices of the boards are connected by one of two ways, "in a quarter" or "in the spool". For the facilities of the paling, the logs are needed with a diameter of 100-180mm, pointed from above, are fixed to horizontal alms. Palcol is rarely used, it is quite expensive - from 1200 rubles / p. m. When building a wicker hedge, you are most often used by willow rods.
Metal
"Transparent" design with forged metal spans and support pillars of bricks. Through it, all corners of the landscape, the market offers a large number of various solutions to the issue of the construction fence with the use of metal. First, it can be a solid fence made from a smooth or corrugated metal sheet. A smooth sheet is very heavy (1m2 1.5mm thick weighs approximately 12kg), not too durable and therefore used rarely. The profiled metal (or corrugated) is more popular. The thickness of the leaf itself is 0.5-0.7mm. The height and form of the profile may be different. Galvanized products are usually used for enclosing structures. Stamped ribs make them more rigid than a smooth metal sheet. Horizontal stirred by handwritten with one or two sides. In the second case, your fence will be equally decorative outside and from the inside. The cost of one-sided design with a height of 2m is about 600 rubles / pog. Ultimately, the time was quite popular by professional flooring with a polymer coating - plastisol, polyester, pural. The market presents products as Russian manufacturers (for example, "Taldom Profile", NLMK- "Novolipetsky Metallurgical Plant" IDR) and foreign English, German, Finnish. Like a metal tile (and these materials are something like something), a very wide range of colors - hundreds of shades has a very wide range of polymer coating. Manufacturers ensure that for 15 years, the color will remain unchanged. The cost of such a fence is 800-850 rubles / p. m.
Secondly, the metal fence can be lattice, both the simplest chain grid and various welded and wrought structures. The cost is determined mainly by the complexity of the picture and, accordingly, the complexity of manufacture. Let's say, elements with a simple pattern (only straight lines and basic geometric shapes, a square, a rectangle, a triangle, a circle; WORKING TECHNOLOGY-WELLING OUT) TO ENOWLED TO IT 1100-1200руб. / POP. m. Openwork parts (complicated geometry: Figure includes all sorts of curls, volutes and other decorative parts; manufacturing technology - cold bending) will cost 2000-2200rub. / Pog. M. Truly forged structures are made using hot forging technology: the metal is broken, pulls out, hesitated, changes in the secting in the hot condition. In this case, the hot forging happens both machine and manual. A simple wrought-iron grid will cost from 3000 rubles. / Pog. m, full forging-from 5000rub. / Pog m, the exclusive fences produced by order, and more expensive - 150-200 / Pog. m. Using various technologies, blacksmiths can give products to the effect of black silver, old iron, shiny steel surface, copper of several shades. The production of forged fences is engaged in a fairly large number of Russian companies: "Russian forging" (Lipetsk), "Svarog Art", "Parotozoz" (Moscow), "Union of Kuznetsov Russia" (village Saltykovka Moscow region) IDR. The lattice metal structures are very durable, but, unfortunately, capricious care and require regular painting.
Hedges
To create livestocks, fast-growing shrubs are used, which have a dense crown and well winter. If you need a full-fledged fence, give preference to large-sized rocks reaching 2-3m in the mature age. For neatly trimmed hedges, choose a hawthorn, some species of Barbarisa, Kalina. For non-shaped plants that are not amenable to haircut: tall types of rosehip (say, rose dogs), some kinds of pots (or, as they are often called, jasmine), honeysuckle, leaf, IVI, decorative-deciduous forms of dend. Such hedges are able to blossom and fruit. Evergreen fences form from coniferous rocks or ate, but they grow pretty slow. Popular in the West, the Samshet and Tiss in the conditions of the middle strip of Russia are good, because they do not tolerate our harsh winters with permanent temperature drops and strong frosts.Most often, the live elevation is formed from plants of one species. Combining the same varieties of shrubs, the composition can be made more elegant and attractive. Interesting the neighborhood of the flaw with dark burgundy and with green thickets of Barbarisa of ordinary redtar and green, as well as from Tuya Greenohvaya and Goldenhvoy.
Saplings are placed in a trench in one, two or three rows, in a checker order. Each trench is digging up at least 50 cm in the width and the same in the depth. Young plants are planted with a certain frequency: approximately 5 Barbaris bushes, 3-4-haw out, 2-3 tusi on 1 p. m. After planting the soil around the seedlings, they thoroughly hide and watered. Drades of the parties from landing can be saturated with earthen rollers that will hold water. The tops of hardwood seedlings before planting is cut, for better bugging plants. Decorative haircuts repeat regularly, on average 2-3 times per season.
Livestore is used not only for the fencing of the site, with its help you can make tracks, recreation areas, share your possessions for individual fragments. For middleweight hedges (up to 1.5m), choose a rosehip, spirius, a caticker, magonia, shrub willow. For low "borders" (30-50cm height), barking tracks, flower-lawn marks and flower beds, a dwarf barberry, blueberry, thyme, lingonberry are suitable.
Brick
Curly shrubs, such as plenty roses (in photos) or honeysuckle, adorn the brick wall and create a romantic atmosphere of century-old parquet fences - the most durable. When complying with all operating conditions, they serve at least 50 years old and also do not require annual service. An essential obstacle to the construction of a brick design can only be its relatively high cost - from 1700 rubles / p. M two-meter fence without taking into account the costs of working and delivery of materials.
Brick fence is heavy, requiring a pile-belt foundation. After the layout of the contours of the foundation rotate the trench. Its depth is at least 50cm under future spans and 1.5-1,6m in the location of the support pillars. Armature frames (3-4 rod iron reinforcements) are inserted before the pouring of concrete into the pits (3-4 rod iron reinforcement). The in the distance around them is performed by a well-masonry of bricks, and the remaining emptiness is filled with a solution or concrete. Between the foundation and the fence, it is necessary to pave waterproofing (the usual rubberoid of 1-2 layers), otherwise moisture and the brick will be constantly tightened from the ground, it will begin to crumble as a result of seasonal freezing and defrosting water in the pores. Fences tall up to 2M, as a rule, make the thickness thickness, and 2-3m in one brick height. Constructions in 3m and above have a thickness of 1.5-2 and even 3 bricks. For the front side, in most cases, cladding bricks are used, or more commonly ordinary red. Approximate consumption of material - 102 pieces per 1 m2 wall thickness in one brick.
During construction, every 2-3 row of masonry must be reinforced with a special grid. It is important that the brick wall is strictly vertical, all the angles and complex geometric sections were competently designed, and the sediment was expanded, otherwise the brick will begin to crumble. For protection against rain and snow over the spans and pillars, visors (metallic or concrete) are usually installed.
The brick fence is not necessarily a deaf wall with a drawing of classical masonry. Bricks can be stacked not only close, but also with intervals (then open porous surfaces are aligned with a concrete screed), horizontally, vertically or create a variety of geometric patterns, combine material with either-metal, wood. Fences from facial bricks are often left without additional decorative processing, and from ordinary usually covered with decorative plasters or paint.
A rock
An unusual solution: between two metal grids, stones are bottled when erecting slaughterhouses, both natural and artificial and artificial or facing material (for constructions from concrete panels, blocks or bricks). It is usually used not too valuable breeds - sandstone, limestone, a sewer, dolomite, much less expensive, for example granite. Stone fences, like brick, differ in strength and also require the construction of a belt foundation. Fully stone fence "collected" from sufficient large boulders (with a diameter of 10-30 cm), sand or lime cobblestones, fastening them with a masonry solution. Cost - from 2000 rubles / Pog. m, but the work can add the same and even bo, the amount. Facing stone (from plates or petty pebbles) "plant" on the construction grid.
The decorative properties of the natural material are extremely attractive. Figure, coloring and texture of stone are individual and unique, therefore your fence will not look like even the most "similar" facilities. The surface can be left "wild" (coarse, with irregularities) or to process (polish, polish). In order for the drawing to be viewed more clearly, the front side of the stone is covered with varnish. If the breeds contain the inclusion of quartzites, the fence will be sparkling and sparkling in the light of sunlight.
Concrete
The monolithic panels with a size of 32.5 or 34m and a thickness of 150mm (the so-called "waffles"), universally used for the fencing of industrial facilities and are not too elegant in appearance, in a private plantation, it is practically not used, except as the basis for cladding a stone. With the construction of fences, decorative (or architectural) concrete is more often used. Most of the manufacturers ("First Supporting Company" - ZSC-1, "SpecstroyBeton ZhBI-17" IDR.) It is made by the method of vibrolying. The company "MAKSFOR" additionally reinforces the material with fiberglass (the resulting products is called fibrobeton) - it gives plates with increased strength. Concrete fences are the so-called prefabricated structures whose spans are made up of several separate sections (the size of each of them is 0.52m). Depending on the height of the structure, the span can form 3, 4 or 5 such sections. They are consistently, from the bottom up, are inserted into the grooves of poles, and then strengthened with a cement solution. Drawing panels is the most diverse. So, in the assortment of ZSC-1 approximately 30 types of sections with various design, including imitating brick, stone and wood. Manufacturers produce sections with one-sided and bilateral pattern, the latter, of course, more expensive.Concrete facilities are attractive than the simplicity of the editing - a brigade of three per day on average sets about 20m fences. Only shovels and a concrete mixer are used from the tools. After installation, the fence is usually made up, applying facade primers and acrylic paints. The fence can not be painted, but in this case it is recommended to be treated with impregnation for concrete material, it is necessary to protect against atmospheric precipitation. Such a structure is easy to repair: when cracks appear in one of the sections it can be replaced. The cost of fence is about 800 rubles / p. m.
When buying concrete fences, a contract is concluded according to which the warranty period of their service is determined. If during delivery part of the elements beats, and this sometimes happens, the company is obliged to compensate all losses. Bought on the low cost of a "roadside" product, you will most likely lose in quality, after the third rain, the material can begin to crumble.
Fencing structures are erected from building block-ceramzite concrete, foam concrete, sand concrete IDR. Cost - from 1500 rub. / Pog. m (with thickness 20cm). They have large sizes (200,200400, 300200600mm), as a result of which laying work is cheap. Then the blocks can be bred by a stone or plastering.
Plastic
In appearance, plastic fences resemble wooden structural designs, solid "lining" IDR. Sweets can reach 6m. The construction consists of four types of elements: pillars, horizontal crossbars, vertical panels and visors. All of them are made of dense hard foamed PVC, painted in various colors. Range of operating temperatures - from -30 to + 50c. For use in the northern regions it will require adding plasticizers that increase the plasticity of the material.
The plastic fence is low in the installation, it is going on the spot, as if from the children's designer. Pillars have at the base of the shoes, which are attached to the concrete base with anchor bolts. Kstolbam, in turn, assemble horizontal crossbars, and numerically vertical panels. Poles and coasts from the inside are strengthened with metal reinforcement. This fence does not require painting, it is very easy to wash, does not rot and not rust. Foreign manufacturers ensure that for 25 years, their products will not darken and will not be reversed (by the way, the more intensive dye, the worse the product resists the ultraviolet rays).
To date, in our country, plastic fences have not yet been widely used. This is primarily due to their high cost - 70-100 / p. m, which is commensurate with the cost of a brick design. Products of foreign companies (for example, the Israeli company Palkar) strongly rises in price due to the cost of delivery and registration of customs documents, at the home of the manufacturer the same fence will cost about 25 / p. m. Therefore, for example, in America, where there is a very expensive material, up to 80% of all fences are made precisely from plastic. The price manufacturers are approximately twice as well as foreign, but products do not have such high quality (plastic less durable, the panels inside the hollow, the stiffness of the structure is ensured by the abundance of iron reinforcement, and not the strength of the material itself). The same for Russians spoiled by the excess tree around, too obvious "artificiality" plastic is a psychologically repulsive factor.
Noise protection fences
All settlements located near the automotive trails or rail lines are faced with the problem of high noise. Owners of private houses are saved from high-profile sounds with all possible ways. It turns out that the construction of a high deaf fence is the insufficient measure of the protection of the house and the site, you have to attract special materials and structures. One of the options for creating noise protection fencing is the installation of multilayer panels. Their external surfaces are metal professional stages, between which plates from mineral wool or foamizol (total thickness - 140-190mm) are located. Such a panel simultaneously reflects and absorbs the sound, that is, plays the role of a full-fledged noise protection system. The panel is not sold ready, but is going on the spot by representatives of firms specializing in the construction of fences (for example, "extra-tech"). The height of the design is calculated according to a specific scheme: between the two points of the roof of the roof and the expected highest point of finding freight machines on the road - an imaginary line is carried out, which the fence must overlap. The upper part of the design is necessarily equipped with a sound-width.Another option is to create a sound-refrigerant stone. The basis of the fence in this case can be performed from foam concrete, but for cladding to use stone-natural or artificial. It is placed deliberately unevenly, imitating shale surfaces. The smallest and frequent irregularities have a wall, the more noise it dissipates.
Finally, the third option is the use of a monolithic (non-cellular!) Polycarbonate sheet with a thickness of more than 8mm (cost -5-30 / m2). This material has good sound-absorbing properties and is also very durable. To create more interesting from a decorative point of view, polycarbonate can be combined with wood.
Style
The enclosing structure, from which material it would be, should be harmonized with the house and the landscape surrounding it. There is a certain relationship between the height and the impressiveness of the structure of the building, the area of the site and the fence, they must be proportionate. So, a small garden, which occupies 8-10 acres, "flashes" a deaf two-meter fence and will seem very close. In turn, if adult trees are growing on the site (for example, high pines) and built a multi-storey house, too low the fence will look ridiculous.
Open gardens are better to surround "transparent" constructions. Imagine that your landscape is filled with air, a huge space is occupied by lawns and low flower beds, the trees are planted with solites and do not form solid scenes. Pagboard fences such a garden will fit openwork forged lattices, the drawing of which will be included in the general "conversation" of benches, lights, bridges, framing of water bodies. Landscapes filled with vegetation need more massive fences.
House, plot and fencing, they must be sustained in a single style. The deposited garden with cutters and other elements of regularity, where sculptures and small architectural forms are installed, where the facade of the house is decorated with columns, a rather massive smooth plastered or brick fence is appropriate, the support pillars of which are similar to the building columns. The log house is better to surround the palico or an impressive wooden fence, upholstered with "lining" buildings - lighter structures, say a stakenist. Country's motifs and garden beds in the garden, placed there and Syam pots and carts, a house in a rustic style - well add a wicker hedge. Bamboo gardens are appropriate. A brick house will require proportional to him in the height and massiveness of a brick or stone fence, it can "talk" with the brick construction for a barbecue. Which is closer to each other there are houses and a fence, the stronger the visual contact between them, the more clearly it is necessary to withstand stylistic unity. The color of the fence can be tied to the walls, the roof of the building, paths, small architectural forms.
The editors are grateful to ZSC-1 companies, "extra-tech" for help in the preparation of material.