Autonomous Water Supply System: Pipe Selection, Installation, Management and Maintenance System, Final value.
Scheme of autonomous water supply for cottage plot
Labor tank is conveniently located in the warm utility room, basement or on the ground floor of the house
1. Pump
2. Coupling heat shrink
3. Pump power cable
4. Scale headpoint
5. Kesson
6. Pipe Water supply (polypropylene)
7. Insurance Cress Clamps
8. Coarse Cleaning Filter
9. Hydroaccum
Lato Buck
10. Control and protection block
11. Automatic air udaleel
12. Manometer
13. Pressure relay
14. Emergency Automation Kit
Fragment of the injection system INEFA, allowing to collect rainwater from the roof of the cottage
To drill a well, omit into it the pump and mount the headpoint with the check valve, the tee and the pressure gauge is only part of the path to ensuring the water site. It can be unsuitable for drinking, too cold for watering plants, served under a weak pressure. In addition, the flow rate in certain periods of the year may simply miss. Economical consumption of the existing moisture will provide an autonomous water supply system
Dependence of water quality from its purpose
Water in the cottage is needed constantly: for washing dishes, washing, cooking, for taking a shower or bath, in the garage and in the bath, for watering plants in the spring-autumn period, for an artificial pond and fountain. The necessary quality depends on its purpose. For example, for washing, washing dishes and shower or baths, water is needed with a limited amount of iron compounds, neutral and sufficiently soft, not containing viruses and microbes. Watering water may include sand and silt, but its temperature should not be below 12C so as not to harm plants. An artificial pond is a living environment for fish and other useful inhabitants of the underwater kingdom, but it is necessary to eliminate the spread of bacteria and microbes if possible. Therefore, water here from time to time is partially updated. Finally, the highest demands are presented to water for drinking and cooking, since the health of people depends on its quality. Thus, out of the total amount of water required for life in a single family cottage (1.5-4m3 per day), the quality differences drinking, intended for household needs and for irrigation.The central water supply allows you to solve almost all of the above problems, since it supplies water of economic and drinking destination. Sometimes, however, its suitability for drinking causes doubts. In this case, it is necessary to produce additional filtering (stingy in spring). A completely different business source, that is, a well or well. In the population "Rodnik on your site" already said that at present water even from the artesian well can not always be drinking. A common option is an elevated concentration of iron compounds, and therefore increased rigidity. The result becomes considerable troubles when using water even for household needs. Of course, it is possible to clean it all to the quality of drinking, but it will cost it somehow and forced to reduce the pressure, which is not always appropriate. It is more rationally divided by a common stream to various "streams" and each of them is prepared in a certain way. Specialists even use the appropriate term "water treatment".
But first we will talk about the autonomous water supply system, and a simple special water supply system that allows you to dilute along the section "Creek" of various purposes, which would be convenient to manage.
Water pressure and pressure
Water should flow through pipes not only in the required quantity, but also with a certain pressure. Since it rises from under the ground, and it is consumed on the site, and on all floors of the cottage, it is necessary such pressure in the pipes so that the tight thread flows from the tap on the upper floor, and the jet is sufficient to use pressure. The minimum height to which water should be lifted above the ground level when it moves to the water-based point (succeed in overcoming pipe resistance), is called free pressure. According to SNOP 2.04.02-84 *, for the first floor it is taken equal to 10m, and for each of the following is increased by 4m. But the fulfillment of this requirement is still not enough for the normal operation of the entire water supply. To create the necessary pressure from the crane, the pressure must be at least 2bar (atm), for the dishwasher and the gas heater - 1,5bar, for the washing machine - 2bar, for the system of irrigation-3-4 bar, and for hydromassage devices (soul or Jacuzzi baths) - whole 4bars. And that is not all. At the same time, several consumers can include, including significantly distant from the source (in the garage, in the bath, in the watering system). Inams of water for each of them should have the above value. Therefore, the pressure created in the plumbing is designed to maintain all the pressure indicators for individual consumers.
The Artezian Well Debit does not limit the daily consumption of water for all family members, only the performance of the pump is capable of restraining consumption. If the pump is very productive, and consumers (cranes) are included little, there may be so high pressure in the pipes, which the most narrow places of compounds will be passed to water. For this reason, the maximum allowable pressure in the plumbing, according to all the same slopes, - 60m, and pressure, respectively, 6bar.
A coat of a mine well or well in a sandy rock is less than in Artesian, and sometimes there may be lower than the actual daily water consumption. This leads to a periodic decrease in its level in the source during the day. In case of the case, the performance of the pump and the frequency of its inclusion must be coordinated both with water consumption and with a well-flow. However, the flow of water during the day the indicator is random, depending not only from the people present in the house and their intentions, but also from the time of year: in the summer he is always higher. When choosing the performance of the pump and pressure in the pipes, the flow rate of the well and the necessary water pressure, as well as the estimated daily flow rate in the most intense summer period is taken into account.
It is important to determine the two most critical modes of operation of the water pipeline: maintaining the necessary water pressure during its maximum flow rate and restriction of pressure in the absence of consumption. They affect the choice of pump performance, the maximum and minimum pressure in the pipes, the material and diameter of the pipes, on the need for additional containers and their size, the possibility of complicating the water pipeline to further increase the length of the pipes and the number of consumers. The specialists of the AquaTermoservice company report that the acquisition of a pump with a power margin at least will require additional costs when assessing the water supply system, but in the end it will cost 5-7 times cheaper than the pump replacement due to insufficient power when network expansion.
The maximum pressure on which the water supply pipe should be calculated depends on the depth of its immersion and is approximately: 6bar- at a depth of up to 50m, 10bar- to 90m, 16bar- to 150m and 25brov- up to 230 m.
Features of the installation of autonomous water supply
To eliminate the possible freezing of the head and the seeping of surface waters in the well, it is surrounded by a drunken underground chamber (protective well). The bottom of the chamber is poured with concrete or perform from steel sheet not thinner than 5mm. At the same time, the well is placed at such a depth so that the plumbing pipes passed below the frozen soil, and the upper part of the casing protrudes over the bottom at least 0.5 m. The steel casing is passed through the cuff (rubber, hydroate-eyed), inserted into the hole in the concrete day, or welded around the circumference of the hole in the steel day. The walls of the chamber (having a form of a rectangle or circumference) are made of concrete rings, brick or steel sheet. In the early case, there is no need for additional waterproofing, since the sheet is simply welded to the steel bottom. The resulting hermetic container is more often called caisson, and it is now becoming increasingly popular.If a mine well is the source of water, and the jet pump is used to pump it, the latter can be positioned at a fairly large distance, for example in the room. The length of the suction tube is little dependent on the height of the water level in the well. On the contrary, with centrifugal pumps, the length of the suction pipe is limited to 30-40m (see the article "Serve, please, water!"). Around the well with any type of pump makes a clay castle with a depth of 1.5-2m and a width of 0.5m- to eliminate the seeping of surface waters.
The position of the well or a shaft well on a plot with a sandy rock is uniquely determined by the surface of surface waters. Avot Artesian well Buryat in the most convenient place in terms of overall planning place. It is most often located so that, firstly, the total length of the pipe pipes was smaller, secondly, the well was not at the intersection of the most frequently used routes and, thirdly, the underground chamber in the uneven surface of the site was not in low-rise (for Exceptions to accumulate around her rain and melt water).
The pump should be included when opening any water tap. So using water with several family members can lead to it too often to its starts and stops, and this will reduce its service life. To reduce the number of stopping stops and maintain constant pressure on the network, the hydroaccumulatory tank is installed. It plays the role of intermediate buffer tank and serves as a small-sized analogue of the water tower. Now, when opening any crane, the water will start entering the user under a fairly large pressure in advance. Elute after partial emptying of the tank, when the pressure in it falls to a certain value, the electric power will turn on the pump. After closing the crane, the pump will continue to swing water from the well, filling the tank and increasing the pressure in it to the original value. A construction and assemblying organization will select the volume of the tank and the pressure value in accordance with the pump performance and the planned peak water consumption. The upper and lower pressure values are shown when setting up the water supply. The tuning screws are sealing to eliminate the possibility of their spontaneous displacement capable of leading to the accident. Unauthorized violation of the seal deprives the user of the firm guarantee on the network performance.
It is possible to provide a single main pipe along which the water will first go into the house, and then it will be divorced by the site. By the way, there should be a gap between its outer surface and walls of the hole in the wall or foundation, which is filled with an elastic water and gas-tight material surrounded by a rigid shell. The hard seal of the pipe in the masonry is unacceptable. The hydroaccumulatory tank is more convenient to establish prior to the branch of the water pipeline, right in the caisson or after entering the house. At the entrance to the tank, the return valve (if it is not in the pump) so that water does not flow back into the well, and the output pressure gauge to control the pressure and the automatic valve for the intake and the release of the air supply. If the water from the well, except for the house, enters the other branches of the water supply, the bathing, bath, the watering system, then the hydroaccumulatory tanks of a smaller capacity can sometimes be provided in each of them. Typically, the water supply has two branches: year-round and seasonal use. The first pipes are buried below the drainage depth, and the pipes are second either over the ground, or in the ground, at a depth of more than 1,5pcs, shovels. Most often, the ground branch is made from galvanized steel pipes, and summer, underground, from PND or polypropylene (these materials are not subject to corrosion and are not so much so that the temperature changes are substantial). Summer underground branch necessarily mounted with a slope to 2 to the horizon in the direction of the water source or towards consumers. Due to this, when the water is disconnected for the winter, the water is removed from the pipes.
The number of cranes depends on the branchedness of the watering system and individual host habits: someone prefers to include water only where it is needed, and someone prevents the large area of the plot. In love, it should be noted that each crane is a place of possible leakage.
For an artificial water branch with fish, special water purification and its periodic update may be required. It should be taken into account. The specificity of the preparation of household and drinking water is beyond the scope of this article. This topic we will dedicate a separate publication.
What pipes stop your choice
| Parameters | Materials | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Polypropylene | Metalplastic | Copper | Polyethylene (PND) | Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) | Steel | |
| Density | Small (lungs) | Average | Significant | Small (lungs) | Small (lungs) | Most |
| Thermal conductivity | Low | Average | High | Low | Low | High |
| Hardness | Low | Low | High enough | Low | Low | High |
| Method of compound | Welding softening | Mechanical stainless fittings | Soldering the solder containing toxic lead | Welding softening | Adhesive | Mechanical steel fittings |
| Corrosion resistance | Do not corroded | Do not corroded | Good, corrodes when air in the system, green divorces during leaks | Do not corroded | Do not corroded | Average, corroded in a wet environment |
| Rigidity | Sufficient hard | Allow significant bend | Hard | Sufficient hard | Sufficient hard | Hard |
| Appearance | Orderly; do not need to apply coverage | Orderly; do not need to apply coverage | Black oxide film; need to apply coverage | Orderly; do not need to apply coverage | Orderly; do not need to apply coverage | Satisfactory; Used galvanized, with the desired subsequent color |
| Single Mounting Speed | No faster than 30s at a temperature of 160c | No faster 1,5min at room temperature | No faster 1,5min at temperatures up to 500c | No faster 15c at a temperature of 160c | No faster 2h at room temperature | No faster 5min at room temperature |
| Temperature expansion coefficient | Significant; With a length of more than 5m, thermocomathers are needed | Minor; Thermocompensators are not needed | Small; Thermocompensators are not needed | Significant; With a length of more than 5m, thermocomathers are needed | Significant; With a length of more than 5m, thermocomathers are needed | Small; Thermocompensators are not needed |
| Price 1 M. | From $ 1,19. (Du 25mm, 6 bars) * | From $ 2.9 (Du 25mm) * | From $ 7,59. (Du 25mm) * | From $ 0.52. (Du 32mm, 6 bars) * | From $ 0,62. (Du 20mm, 6 bars) ** | From $ 0.46. (Du 25mm) ** |
| * - According to the company "Egooplast"; ** - According to the company "Grief" |
When laying the water supply, low-pressure polyethylene tubes (PND), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polypropylene, metalplastic, copper and steel are used. Products from PND and metalplastic are supplied in bays, so you can cut into fragments of any length. Such pipes are particularly convenient in the installation, since the number of compounds, and therefore, the danger of leaks is minimized. The remaining pipes are measured, 4-6m long. Products made of polypropylene can be quickly assembled in a pipe of any length quickly. For this, the four-meter sections are fastened by heating the intermediate fittings. The wiring of the water supply in the area (external) is most often performed by cheaper pipes from the PND or polypropylene, and in the room (internal) - all types of listed pipes. The most prestigious copper pipes are combined with soldering, but they will be much more expensive than others. Pipes made of metal plastic can be bent significantly, which makes it easy to change the configuration of the water supply. They are especially convenient in hard-to-reach places, when creating a temporary design and in cases where you need to add any element (for example, when connecting the hydroaccumulatory tank). It should be noted that non-metallic pipes have a limit on the maximum allowable pressure, for example, up to 6, up to 10 bars.
For the outer water supply, a trunk tube with a diameter of the conditional passage (DB) 32 or 40mm (11/4 "or 11/2", respectively), and for internal-15mm (1/2 "), the water supply pipe should be as small as possible. In addition, there is a significant rigidity to twisting its extended construction, because when starting and stopped, the motor submersible pump is developing a rather large torque. It is precisely for these two reasons that the monolithic tube of the PND or a polypropylene tube from the four-meter sections is created. Diameter is chosen Depending on the pump used and the depth of its immersion, and most often it is DU40 or 50mm (11/2 "or 2", respectively).
Since the temperature under the ground is approximately 4C, the temperature deformations are not terrible as long plastic pipe. The specialists of the F-Plast company argue that the welded structures from polypropylene are most beneficial to the consumer due to its thick walls and the opportunity to easily increase the pipe during operation. The attack need may well arise in connection with a decrease in the flow rate of even the artesian well. After all, due to the gradual increase in the total number of wells in the district, the drop in the water level becomes very likely. Metal water pipe although it will have the highest rigidity, but its considerable mass will complicate both installation and possible disassembly. Yes, and this design will cost more.
Single-level and two-level water supply
The need for one family in drinking water is usually satisfied easily. Avota The required amount of water for watering and household needs, especially in peak periods, sometimes forces to think about placing additional containers for storing its stocks. The single-level water supply is distinguished, in which the entire water coming from the well is immediately used for its intended purpose, and the two-level, in which it enters additional reservoirs and only from the destination. Cylindrical and prismatic tanks are made of polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride. Warranty service life - up to 10 years. An example is the products of the company "Anion" from 560 to 4500l from light-stabilized polyethylene of different colors.Water filtering before entering the watering capacity is usually either not needed, or is carried out to remove only chlorine or fluorine-containing connections. After all, most of the compounds of iron will fall at the bottom, and the possible compounds of sulfur (onean hydrogen sulfide) will gradually disappear by themselves. Such a vessel with a volume of 1-5m3 with water, which is used only in the warm season, it is advisable to install on the free place of the plot over the ground. First, water in this case will warm up faster before entering the watering system. Secondly, in the bottom of the tank or near it, you can provide a crane for a periodic drain of the resulting precipitate. The water can be supplied to the vessel through a separate electromechanical valve, and in the seasonal branch of the water supply - samoter or forcibly, with the help of an additional centrifugal pump. In love, the water level limiter must be provided, periodically including the turning off the valve of its feed to the tank. This limiter can be float or electrode (two and three-contact).
The need for water for household needs, for example, for washing (torso, bath, garage), for the pool, etc., in one or another number there is year-round. Therefore, an additional reservoir, more often than 3-5m3, bury into the ground. To eliminate it with squeezing with surface and groundwater in winter under the bottom before installation, the concrete slab is placed. Capacity can be placed both on the free area of the site and houses. Water from it does not necessarily have to warm up, but must be filtered from sand and yals, as well as from iron-containing compounds. Otherwise, then you will have to rub yellow drips, especially on the originally snow-white surfaces of sanitary products. Water supply in the pipe will carry out an additional pump for pumping. Acordinating its work with the action of the water supply valve from the well-level limiter placed inside the container.
Capacities for storing water stocks from the company "Anion"
| Model | Volume, L. | Gabarites, mm. | Wall thickness, mm | Mass, kg. | Cost, $ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 560fk | 560. | 7501480. | 5-6 | twenty | 136. |
| 1000fk | 1000. | 1300930 | 5-6 | thirty | 176. |
| T1100K3. | 1200. | 12707201590. | eight | 55. | 241. |
| 1500fk | 1500. | 13001330. | 5-6 | 40. | 213. |
| 2000fk | 2000. | 16001200. | 6-7 | 60. | 305. |
| T2000K3. | 2000. | 21507601560. | eight | 80. | 391. |
| 3000fk | 3000. | 16001640. | 6-7 | 75. | 366. |
| 4500FK | 4500. | 20001730. | eight | 120. | 571. |
Water supply system management
When the pump is turned on or off, all the water in the autonomous water supply is sharply driven by or brakes. This causes an equally sharp change in the pressure in the system, commonly called hydraulic impact. It can cause a disruption of the tightness of the joints of the connection, which will lead the leakage during the start or separation of the water column in the water supply pipe and drop it into the pump at stop (usually these forces are not enough to break through the pipe or destroy the pump). Therefore, by mounting the hydroaccumulatory tank, provide a throttle with an electric drive, which can be quickly open when started and close when stopping the pump. It is used in emergency situations, for example, to drain the water during the pipe breakthrough. It is more convenient for a smooth start and a smooth stop of the pump by changing the frequency of the AC from 30 to 50 Hz for a short time (about 30 seconds). Moreover, the programmable controller (for example, the EI-8001 model of the Joint Korean-Russian-Russian Firm "Vesper") not only prevent the hydraulic blow, but also will support the constant water pressure in the water supply, controlling the pump rotation frequency. Thus, the productivity of the device will decline, then increase and, more importantly, the resource of its work will increase. It is worth the $ 350-600 controller, depending on the version of the execution.As for the controller device, any similar device is a frequency controller that performs several dozen commands when controlling the speed of rotation of the electric motor. The controller will provide the optimal mode of operation of the pump in any intense situation. For example, harsh currents in the network in the network using the handmade arc welding machine will not affect the action of the pump engine, and the voltage drops often arising in the rural power grid will not lead to its stop.
Depending on the need for water from the well, you can set the most rational mode of operation of the pump, reduce overload and excluding engine overheating. The selection of this mode on the control panel is manually or programmed automatically. Moreover, at any time you can test the pump and get basic information about its performance. The sugar well with a water level is not deeper than 8m with the number of consumers no more than four and peak loads not higher than 4m3 / h conveniently use the compact pumping unit, for example, the Hydrojet model from Grundfos ($ 300) or TJAUTO from TCL ($ 140). Its pressure switch and hydroaccumulatory tank with a capacity of 24l (or50l) will automatically provide the most economical mode of operation of the suction pump, preventing its frequent inclusions. All components of the device, including the control panel, can be assembled in one case and installed, for example, under the sink in the kitchen. With insufficient pressure of water at the entrance, the automation will turn off the pump and will try to start it during the day. When overheated, it will stop it, and after cooling will turn on again.
If the well journal
Sometimes with the artesian well, after time, problems arise: the flow rate is reduced, the water quality deteriorates or the content of sand in it is increasing. To determine the causes of "malaise", you can produce television inspection. This is done with the help of a special chamber descended into the water and removing the state of the inner walls of the water supply pipe along the entire length (bodycase). The subsequent attentive viewing of the video tape will allow you to identify the reasons for the deterioration of the well. There may be several of them. For example, partial destruction of the operating column filter, the appearance of hydraulic bond between the aquifer and the layers of rock, mechanical damage to the wall, the disruption of the connection of individual sections of the casing or operational column, depressurization of the tipping pipe, a sharp increase in the number of wells in the district and more. Experts of the company BIICS believe that the results of the campaign, which will cost from $ 3 to 1m length, will not simply help to decide whether to repair the existing or chopping a new well, but also reduce the decision time to one day. The cost of eliminating the causes of the deterioration of the well will also decrease.Rainwater collection with roofs
Peak loads on water in the Central Liang of Russia every year arise from May to August, when the moisture consumption for watering is much higher than the amount of natural precipitation. Watht is a period of lovers of magnificent green areas can compensate for a periodically occurring lack of water with a cumulative capacity. On the contrary, on a rainy time, which stretches from the end of August to November, excess natural moisture can be collected and used for household needs in the same year. Rainy water is characterized by softness and can be successfully used for washing and washing, but not for drinking, due to possible contamination of sulfur dioxide, dropping together with the "acid" rain.Special installation of the Hydrorain company GRUNDFOS with a capacity of 0.5 to 2m3, the hydroaccumulatory tank and the pump automatically supplies the collected water at the addresses (toilet, washing machine, watering faucet). The device is easy to install yourself at the place of collection of rainwater with the roof of the cottage, bath and garage, connecting a flexible metal-plastic pipe with a seasonal water supply. The drainage system of moisture collection system (for example, the German company Inefa-KunstStoffe) itself will clean the water from fallen leaves.
How much is the water supply system
If there is a functioning well, all necessary exterior equipment equipment, including submersible pump from model series SQ and SP (Grundfos, Denmark), USD (Calpeda, Italy), UPA (KSB, Germany), SCM (Nocchi, Italy) or BHS (EBARA, Japan) - their characteristics were brought in the article "Rodnik on your site", as well as its installation, control, heading, caisson, hatch, a heating pillow, a hydroaccumulatory tank, a controller, a pipeline tube up to 100m, laid below the drainage depth, together with Earthwork, transport costs and a year warranty will cost you $ 2.5-7 thousand. The last figure is related to the supply of water into separate buildings: garage, bath, swimming pool. Connection of the seasonal branch can cost another $ 0.6-1.5 thousand (depending on the size of the tank and the length of the pipes). Buying a rainwater collection device that completes the creation of the external part of the water supply, when independently connecting to the system will cost an additional $ 1,25. And more. The cost of the inner part of the water supply is not considered, since it usually includes the amount spent on plumbing products.
Maintenance of the water supply system
The water particles contained in water can lead to the wear of the moving parts of the pump, form deposits on the inner surfaces of horizontally located pipes, and particles of iron, manganese, lime compounds, and bacteria, and in the slots of the well filter and in the intake part of the pump. Increasing with water of corrosion-active carbon dioxide, salts or copper ions contributes to corrosion of water supply elements, especially in places of joints, as a result of which tightness is disturbed. Voltage jumps with time can disrupt the insulation of the pump motor windings.That is why once every 5-6 years, the entire system must comprehensively examine the specialist. The results of the inspection can be replaced by the need to replace gaskets, fittings, or individual sections of pipes and even the repair of the immersion pump. Determine the inspection period will help the data received from the controller.
With the onset of cold weather in the caisson at a depth of about 1m from the hatch, it is enough to install the insulation pillow of foam with a thickness of 20-30mm. This design, mounted on a wooden frame, even in particularly laid frosts will prevent the decrease in the temperature of the wellhead with the valve below + 4C. Water from the tank and from seasonal water supply, intended for watering, it is necessary to drain before the onset of cold, simply opening the taps.
It is very convenient to put an autonomous water supply on service, which will cost 8-10% of the cost of the equipment annually. The experience of the installation and service center of the company "Water technique", which carries out such a service, indicates that the diagnostic examination of the water supply system twice a year with a free replacement of the necessary elements completely eliminates the emergence of emergencies.
If the power grid is de-energized
The collected system works flawlessly as long as all pumps provided in it are powered by electricity. Akak be if the power supply turned off? Perhaps two exit from this position. The first is associated with connecting to an autonomous source of energy, usually an electric generator operating on gasoline or diesel fuel. The second output is simpler, but we will not always implement: it implies switching to the rural water supply. Although it is often not distinguished by reliability, it is not necessary to refuse this connection (even after installing the autonomous water supply). When a de-energized power grid, it will be necessary only to "transfer" a valve to work from another source of water.
Several practical recommendations
- When developing a water supply scheme, you can think about it in more detail in the future. Let the construction and installation organization take into account these your wishes when designing, then increase the length of the pipes or the number of consumers can be possible without disrupting the given fluctuations in water pressure in the pipes.
- Grounding and lightning protection of the water supply system should be carried out in the most careful way so that a rather sensitive electronic control circuit does not suffer as a result of a possible lightning strike.
- With a cheaper night tariff for electricity, the use of additional containers will not only solve the problem of water interruptions, but also will allow to save due to its intensity at night.
- It should be noted that the construction and assembly organization gives a guarantee only when the water pipe is configured by the reinforcement (compression or collet clamps, fittings, water level limiters, valves), which she herself suggested, and not the customer bought.
- When the pump is not from the power supply, and from another source it is advisable to save energy to supply water from the well, first into the accumulative capacity, and then, gravity or forced, - input.
- In order to maintain the velocity of the water absorbed by the submersible pump with an insufficient method of the well, at the level of 0.15 m / s (this is necessary for normal cooling of the electric motor), it is possible to equip the pump with a water-made camera mounted when the pump is lowered for an artificial increase in water speed at the suction site.
- The concentration of sand in water from the artesian well, exceeding 15mg / l, not only increases the wear of pipes, but will also cause the need for frequent reverse flushing filters. In the opposite case, the life of the well itself will be reduced. Most of the permissible limit of this concentration for most of the models of submersible pumps in the 3rd is higher, it is necessary to identify the reason for the growth of the suspension in water as soon as possible, for example, using a telecision.
The editors thanks the firm "Akvater Marevis", "F-Plast", "Bikes", "Anion", Rols Isomarket, "Egooplast", "Grief", "Santekhkomplekt", installation and service center of the firm "Water Technique" and the representative office of Grundfos for Help in the preparation of material.