Problems and prospects for the housing construction of Moscow. Conditions for the purchase and price level for new apartments, as well as a few words about the residential buildings of Kurkino - the new Moscow region.
Moscow is perhaps one of the few cities of Russia in which there is intensive housing construction. Last year, more than 3.5 million square meters of new housing appeared in the capital. At the same time, in contrast to the previous years, 70% of houses were built in the already established areas of the city. Such an opportunity has appeared thanks to the implementation of the program for the reconstruction of five-story buildings and the gradual conclusion from industrial enterprises from Moscow. The task of financing and the construction of residential buildings in the districts already established and having their unique appearance (especially difficult in the city center) is entrusted with the capital department of extrabudgetary construction policy (DVPS).
The Department of Extrabudgetary Policy of Construction of Moscow has emerged in 1996. Already then it became clear that the city will not be able to maintain the necessary pace of construction at the proper level of quality only at the expense of own funds. It was necessary to reorganize the system of financial support for construction programs. Therefore, the Institute of Urban Investors, Financing and Coordinating various components of the investment program, including the Office of extrabudgetary planning of the city's development. Not a single ruble of budget funds was spent on all these organizational actions.
The Housing Fund of Russia has 2.76 billion square meters of a total area. More than 290 million (11%) need urgent major repairs and re-equipment of utility apartments, and 250 million (9%) in reconstruction. About 20% of the city housing foundation is not landscaped. In small cities, every second home has no full engineering. In general, about 40 million people (more than 27% of the population) live in apartments with incomplete improvement. The number of dilapidated and emergency residential buildings with extension of more than 70% is growing. For 8 years, the volume of such housing increased by 60%, and the number of living in it is 32%. Now in houses to be demolished, about 2% of the population of Russia lives.
We were told about the problems and prospects for the housing construction of Moscow, the Deputy Head of the Department of the extrabudgetary policy of construction Sergey Vladimirovich Thahor told us.- Sergey Vladimirovich, how would you characterize the situation with housing construction in Moscow?
- Entering housing is mainly uniform, although it is often the actual deadlines for the delivery of new houses behind the planned for 3-6 months. Most often, the delivery of new buildings is carried out at the end of the year. There are problems with the quality of construction. The main claims of Novoselov concern the decoration of the premises, the state of engineering networks, entrances and approaches to them.
Now in Moscow residential buildings, mainly two types. These are already familiar panel and not so well-known, but receiving increasingly distributed monolithic. In them, the frame is cast from concrete, and the walls are laid out with bricks so that the house is "breathing". Among other things, the decoration brick is beautiful and does not spoil the look of the city. I will not stop on the features of construction, I will only note that the technology of the construction of monolithic buildings allows you to create apartments with free layout. It is important that homes are warm and fully comply with the requirements of the SNIPA "Building Heat Engineering". These buildings are not very expensive than panel, but live more comfortable in them. We expect that by the end of 2002, the price gap between monolithic and panel houses will be reduced to 10-15%. Monolithic house-building is the next step after panel, so build around the world.
- How true is the information that typical panel houses do not meet the regulations on the heat and offshore?
- Yes, the problem really exists. And how to decide it, it is not clear. The fact is that the panels produced by the three most large Moscow house-building combines are considered "cold" according to these standards. And for the re-equipment of production facilities to the production of "warm" panels at DSC there is no money. As a result, this rate does not yet work so that the construction of housing does not get up. It is better so accommodation than no one. Since 2001, the Department has almost been engaged in the construction of panel houses. The same companies that build these buildings are now moving to new technology. We are talking about the so-called team-monolithic buildings: the frame is monolithic, and the insulated panels are insulated on top.
- What problems are the Department now?
- First of all, this is the increase in the cost of construction. For the second half of last year, it increased by 35-40%. And this is due primarily with the increase in prices for building materials, which reached almost 50%. Cement went up by almost 2 times, metal - by 20% and became more expensive than on the foreign market, the tree prices reached a world level. And the necessary sand and gravel in Moscow in Moscow at all deficit. Rising prices for construction equipment and its operation, despite the rise in price of gasoline by about 20%, was not particularly significant and amounted to 3-4%. Approximately the so much has risen the working force.
It should be noted that in general in Moscow the cost of construction work is very high. The reason in low competition among construction and installation firms. To solve the problem, we, firstly, begin to go with the estimated form of payment to the contract. This system plus a reduction in the cost of the work will allow the use of such a useful tool for the customer as building risk insurance. Secondly, we attract builders from Yugoslavia residential buildings from Yugoslavia, Macedonia, Bulgaria, Ukraine, Moldova, which work qualitatively and with the observance of deadlines. Recently, construction and installation firms from the Moscow region compete more successfully with Moscow builders. For work on elite housing in the center we plan to attract Finnish contractors. But this does not mean that we refuse Muscovites. Some contractors, for example, Valentina LLC or Astrom-7 LLC, are building no worse than foreigners. And healthy competition only makes the metropolitan firms work with greater responsibility.
Starting from 2001, the main activity of our department was the construction of housing for wealthy people. We are talking about monolithic and brick houses of improved quality in prestigious areas of the capital. Point buildings with such buildings will be carried out in the center and in areas with the developed infrastructure of the Northern, Southeast, South and Western administrative districts. In addition, the Department of Extrabudgetary Construction Policy plans for three years to pass 900 thousand m2 of housing in the Kurkino area. The price level for new apartments will be quite high. The cost of 1 m2 in the center of the capital is most likely exceeded $ 1000. In other circumstances, it will range from $ 700 to $ 1000 per 1 m2. Currently, in Kurkino, housing is sold at a price of $ 500 per 1 m2, but there is reason to believe that with the development of the district it will increase to $ 600-700.
New apartment can be purchased directly from the Government of Moscow.
Recently to sell apartments in the houses built by the Moscow Government were the right of 15 authorized real estate companies. But in December last year, a single housing sales center, created by the Department of Extrabudgetary Construction Policy, began its work. The task of the center is to create for citizens as convenient and favorable conditions for citizens. Each buyer of the metropolitan real estate can now purchase an apartment in new homes, which are erected by the Department, not through authorized real estate companies, and through a single sales center directly at the Moscow government, which makes the procedure much easier and safe for the client. Now the center sells apartments in more than sixty homes, which have already been commissioned or commissioned this year. The total area of the proposed housing is more than 700 thousand m2.According to the Government of Moscow, in 2000, construction workers were built and commissioned 3530.9 thousand m2 of the total area of residential buildings, and directly in Moscow - 3342.3 thousand m2. Of these, 414.6 thousand m2 - municipal housing; 1460.8 thousand m2 brought the program for the reconstruction of the regions of five-storey buildings, and 670.2 thousand m2 of this number was given to the resettlement of Muscovites from the demolished dilapidated buildings (169 five-story buildings were demolished with a total area of 492.1 thousand m2).
Another 628.3 thousand m2 is commercial accommodation for urban order. In the center of Moscow, 336 thousand m2 of residential buildings (municipal - 49.8 thousand m2) were built, which became possible thanks to the conclusion from this territory, 79 enterprises held by 8.4 hectares.
A significant contribution to the construction program of the capital was submitted by the Department of the extrabudgetary policy of the construction of Moscow. His investments in new housing in 2000 amounted to 11.4 billion rubles, thereby appeared 919.2 thousand m2 of the total area. At the same time, 21 residential buildings with a total area of 143.7 thousand m2 were built on the territory of the city center (65% more than last year). More than 234 thousand m2 housing was free of charge to the city.
Cheap apartments can be bought in mass development areas: in North and South Butovo (UNUSAO) - 11-13 thousand rubles. For 1 m2, in the Maryan Park (YUVAO) - 12-13 thousand rubles, in Bratyeva (YUAO) - 12-12.5 thousand in South Butovo approximately $ 400 per 1 m2 two-level apartments are offered in the series "Prism".Accommodation is mainly sold without finishing. There are apartments with free layout, that is, without inner partitions, thanks to which the division on the rooms can be performed in their taste.
By visiting a single sales center, you can familiarize yourself with the layouts and photos of all objects. If desired, buyers leave to the place to see the finished house or watch construction under construction. By choosing the option, the client directly in the Unified Sales Center issues the contract, then pays the transaction in the bank and registers in Moskomregistration - all of these instances are located in the building of the Department of the extrabudgetary building policy, located in the very center of Moscow (Vozdvizhenka, 8/1). In addition to very significant savings, the buyer gets the opportunity to reduce its financial expenses - there is an agreement between the DVPS and Moskomregistration on the original design of apartments for the sale and purchase of apartments. Recall that state duty with notarial design is 1.5% of the transaction amount. However, at the request of the Client, a notarial design of the contract of sale is possible. Feeling the savings of the buyer on the commission, which he would give the real estate company (today it is 2.5-3%).
Moscow region Switzerland
Vladimir Resin: "I really want to say about Kurkino. This is the first new district of Moscow, which is built in accordance with the most modern standards of the XXI century, the present Moscow region Switzerland! There will be no panel house there. "
One of the most interesting objects, the general investor of which is the Department of extrabudgetary building policy, is the experimental residential area of Kurkino. It is erected in accordance with the Decree of the Government of Moscow No. 1063 dated November 16, 1999. This environmentally friendly area is located in the North-West Administrative District. In the north, the built-in area is adjacent to the Mashkin highway, in the south - to the Moscow Ring Road, in the East - to the city of Khimki, and the Western border passes along the banks of the Skhodnya River. The area is a thirty minute drive from the center by car or fifty - by public transport.
According to the developed and implemented project, 936.5 thousand m2 of comfortable housing will be built on the territory of 790 hectares, which will become 40-45 thousand people. The first stage of houses has already been handed over in early 2001. This year 400 thousand m2 will be built this year. Another 300 thousand m2 will appear in 2002. Complete construction is assumed in 2003. Residential building will be represented by the inepar buildings of high comfort:
- 2-3-storey cottages with residential areas with an area of 4.5-5.5 acres (cottage construction area of 167.6 thousand m2);
- 3-4-storey salted houses with household plots with an area of no more than 3 acres (area of development of 155.4 thousand m2);
- Houses in 7-12 floors (construction area of 580 thousand m2).
House of the typical series in Kurkino will not be built. All buildings are built on individual projects and differ not only in shape, but also in color (due to the use of bricks of different shades - from light pink to dark brown). But the most important thing is that in these houses, in addition to an elegant appearance and reliable heat and sound insulation, an improved planning of apartments is provided: a kitchen area of 12-15 m2; Halls and living rooms at least 20 m2; In three and four-room apartments - two bathrooms. All balconies and loggias will be glazed, and modern double-glazed windows will be installed in the windows.
The downstairs buildings and cottages are supposed to be equipped with individual heating systems, which will allow residents to forget about the problems of seasonal absence of hot water and heat. The heat supply of the area will be carried out not on the basis of one source, but using many autonomous. Such a solution was supported by the Moscow Completeness, since it will preserve the purity of nature and the landscape of Kurkino. In the future, it is planned to expand the river and build a dam, which will allow you to open a boating station and a database for water sports.
And finally, all low-rise buildings will be equipped with built-in garages. For cars inhabitants of high-rise buildings, either built-in, or detached parking garages and even guest parking lots are provided.
Kurkino is completely unique in beauty: a winding valley of the River Skhodni, drowning from the ground Spring, overgrown with the trees of the hills ... Therefore, to save the landscape of the area, multi-storey buildings were decided to place closer to major highways, and near the river or forest to build cottages.