We tell about flame retardant, bioprotective impregnations and compositions against pests and give instructions for applying.
One of the most popular materials for the construction of private country houses is a tree. However, in addition to undoubted advantages, the material has a number of shortcomings. Among them are hygroscopicity, that is, the ability to absorb and retain moisture. The consequence of this is the appearance and development of fungi, bacteria, mold, insect pests. And spores of wood-painting or mold mushrooms, widely contained in the air, just just a few hours, to germinate, being in a wet and nutrient medium. And here is the first signs of defeat: dark spots, blue, grayish, mold. It is not surprising that for a long time a person is trying to extend the life of a tree. Today, this uses various means to protect wood. We will tell you what they happen and how to choose them.
All about antispectics for wood
FeaturesFire retardants
From pest
Bioprotective compositions
Methods of application
Calculation of quantity
Working conditions
Application process
Features of antiseptics for wood
Non-leaked or hard-made drugs are used for the processing of lower crowns, lag, roughing floor, elements of basement structures, etc., which serve as the basis of the structure and are in conditions of active and long exposure to atmospheric, soil moisture and other factors of active humidification and biodegradation. In the internal structures - inter overwork and rafting systems - the means combining flame retardant and bioprotective functions effectively work.
Antiseptics for external work are distinguished by an increased concentration of active substances, compared with anti-septhems for internal processing.
The finishing finish of wooden surfaces outside and inside the house can serve as protective and decorative coatings or systems consisting of soil-antiseptic and paint. In the interior it is better to use eco-friendly water-based compositions. By the way, the antiseptics of this type becomes more and more due to the constant tightening of environmental legislation and restrictions on the content of toxic components in their recipe. The cost of the soil-antiseptic for 1 pack. 3 l starts from 700 rubles.
Fire retardants
Varieties and method of action
Currently used mainly salt impregnations. They contain special substances - antipyrenes, which, absorbed from the solution into the surface, protect it from the effects of fire. E.
Having absorbed antipyrenes in some cases exclude the possibility of fire. And if he still arose, it makes it difficult to spread the flame on the surface. The mechanism of the impregnation is such. Under the influence of flame, the flame is decomposed on gaseous and solid products. Gaseous picking heat (cooled) and at the same time impede the combustion, and solid form a solid film on the surface, overlapping access of air oxygen necessary to maintain fire.
Fire retardant compounds with a red tint are convenient for processing control, colorless are used for decorative staining.
When choosing, you need to pay attention to the protective efficiency group. These include products I and II groups of flame retardant efficiency on NPB 251-98 (GOST R 53292-2009). The first ensure the protection of the material at all stages of fire development, the second - only prevent fire. But this does not mean that wooden structures treated with flame retardant means will not burn. Impregnation with antipiren warn the random appearance of the fire due to the closure of electrical wiring, uninterested cigarette and the rapid spread of fire. During the fire, they will provide a small time interval for which you can have time to use the fire extinguisher or fill the tank with water and pour it onto the focus of the flame.
Professionals argue that protection should be comprehensive. To avoid multiple and pretty labor-intensive parts processing with different means, impregnation manufacturers have developed fire-proof materials, that is, combined impregnations containing all the components of the oscillations and flames to coloring pigments and film-forming additives to protect against atmospheric influences.
FireBiosor 001 SuperProff (Neomid) (UP. 12 L - 2 100 rub.)
"EKODOM OF OGNEBIOPROF" Firebi-protected composition (UE. 11 kg - 599 rub.)
Flame-proof composition Axton (Leroy Merlin) (UP. 10 kg - 471 rubles.)
Pros and cons of fire protection means
Both specialists and lovers converge in one: to use one complex drug is much more convenient than three different (antiseptic, flame retardant, varnish). On the one hand, the fact that a film is formed on the surface that protects against the exposure to water and preventing the flushing of the impregnation components is good. But there are also disadvantages. After applying fluid to the surface, it is impossible to check whether it is enough, it is so impregnated, and something can not be changed - a film was formed.
In addition, it is necessary to take into account that the life of the flame retardants and antiseptics in the composition of flaky-protected impregnation is often different: in the first - from two to five years, and the second - from five and higher. After the warranty period of the AntiPiren, the tree will lose its fire retardant properties and they will have to restore, while the antiseptic properties will still be saved. How to restore flame retardant properties if a protective impermeable film is on the surface of the tree? If it were not, the consumer would have the opportunity to apply another layer or another product, and thus still achieve the necessary security.
It should always be remembered that any universal thing is usually losing special things in some ways. That is, for example, the impregnation, intended only for the imparting of antiseptic properties, it copes much better with its task than any combined. And it is simply explained: increasing the amount of dry powders in impregnation, we worsen the penetrating properties of the solution and reducing the thickness of the protected layer.
Operating Tips Fire Practice impregnations
Before resorting to physicochemicals - such as flame retardant coats, impregnation, paints, etc., it is worth using constructive measures to protect the house from fire. The essence of these measures is reduced to an increase in the cross sections of the most loaded wooden elements, the removal of wooden structures from sources of fire or creating on the surface of such structures of various types of heat shields in the form of plasters, non-aggravated facing, flame retardant diaphragms, etc. The correctly chosen constructive solution is the key to success in the fight against fire.Any composition, even a means of long-term protection, in the course of operation, sooner or later loses its protective qualities. After that, the product needs re-processing. If it is carried out with the same material as before, there are no problems. Well, if something else applies? Before using a new flame retardant product, it is necessary to ask its compatibility with the old (the easiest way to ask about this from the seller, of course, if it is competent enough). After all, the occurrence of a chemical reaction between the compositions with the formation of substances that are not effective antipyren and, moreover, toxic gases can be isolated during combustion and contribute to smoke formation. Therefore, it is always better to work with the same drug (you can purchase it in the future - the warranty period for storing dry mixtures is not limited).
The cost of 10 liters of flame retardant - from 550 rubles. Choosing, carefully read the label. It should be written on it that the product has passed the test, and the consumption is indicated, which will provide I or II group of flame retardant.
Protective compounds from pests
The best means to protect the wood with insecticidal properties help prevent the occurrence of uninvited guests.. Beetles, termites, ants, etc., which are often carriers of fungal spores, as well as doing a moves in the cortex. For example, beetles-elders are capable of sprinkling in the tree tunnels up to 40 m long. And lesions are so significant that the boards loses strength and destroyed from the inside even with a small number of inlets. There are often cases when lumber made from the already infected wood beetles acquire for the construction of the house, the presence of which is manifested only with time.
Woodmaster antihuk, biocidal composition (Rogneda) (UE. 5 l - 299 rub.)
Antihuk for wood Propitex (MEFFERT) (UP. 11 kg - 423 rubles.)
STOPGEUK NEOMID 100 for the destruction of insect-tree, concentrate is bred 1: 4 (pack. 5 l - 1 300 rubles).
Most protective equipment from tree beetles and other insects is designed to not only prevent their appearance, but also destroy at all stages of development. In the latter case, the insecticidal solution is usually applied by a large number of layers than in preventive treatment, and concentrated means are bred by less water.
Get rid of beetles and their larvae in heavy-spilled wood harder: the drug is consistently administered to the input and outlet holes by the method of the syringe, and after 2 weeks repeat the procedure. Cost of 5 l means of "Antihuk" - from 299 rubles.
Some modern antiseptics are capable not only to warn the lesion of wood, but even to treat the material that began to collapse.
Bioprotective agents
Wood is constantly threatened by posting, mushrooms, mold. Spores of fungi and bacteria can get on it in the forest or during transportation - in general, anywhere. The first signs of the disease notice are completely simple: dark spots, a grayish flare, the oversaturation of moisture.Therefore, to save the boards (and during storage, and in the construction), you must remember the rule: it must be ventilated. So, in the project at home you need to provide natural ventilation of all rooms and structures. Then the development of the fungus will be suspended, even if it firmly strengthened.
The best means of protecting wood from rotting, in addition to drying and constructive measures, there is also an impregnation with antiseptic drugs. This path of fighting the disease today, unfortunately, often becomes the only one - due to simplicity and low cost. In addition, the newest products are capable of not just warning defeat, but also to treat the material that began to collapse.
Group of bioprotective antiseptics
The preparations offered by the modern market can be divided into two main groups. The first is antisepting impregnations, which are a solution of salts or some other substances (fungicides, algicides and combined products). These drugs require subsequent surface treatment for the purpose of its isolation (wagging, evaporation of the antiseptic) or prevent direct contact with the human body (due to the toxicity of the components). The second group combines antisepting coatings that form a protective film. In this case, additional processing of the wooden surface is not required. Products of both groups are produced both on a water basis and on the basis of organic solvents.
They can be divided differently, also into two groups: for normal operating conditions (protection of moisture, without direct contact with the soil and atmospheric precipitation) and for difficult and responsible areas (with the immediate effects of atmospheric and soil water, contact with the soil) . If the drug is intended for difficult conditions, the manufacturer will definitely indicate this on the label.
An antiseptic timber is stolen not tight, but with a gap, so as not to complicate its drying.
5 advantages of soil antiseptics
- Penetrate the structure of the wood, protect its deep layers, stop the spread of bioprovat.
- Provide persistent and long-term protection against biocorrosion (rotting, mold, fungus, etc.).
- Reduce and level absorbing ability.
- Enhance adhesion (sticking) of decorative coating.
- Significantly save the flow rate of finishing paint materials and prolong their service life.
Table of soil-antiseptics for wood
| Mark. | "Universal antiseptic for wood" | Valtti Expert Base. | "Aquatex" | Dufa Wood Base. | Woodex Aqua Base. | Pinotex Base. |
Manufacturer | V33 | Tikkurila | "Rogned" | MEFFERT. | Teknos. | Akzo Nobel |
Diluent | Water | Water | White Spirit | White Spirit | Water | White Spirit |
Flow per 1 layer, m² / l | 3-5 | 5-11 | 4-10. | 5-12. | 4-10. | 9-16 |
Time before applying the next layer | 0.25. | one | 2. | 12 | 24. | 24. |
Packaging, L. | 10 | nine | 10 | five | 10 | nine |
price, rub. | 3186. | 3200. | 2090. | 1644. | 5270. | 2990. |
Methods for applying protective impregnation
Manufacturers of antiseptic compositions in the product instructions indicate possible methods of applying: brush, roller, spraying or immersion. Each of them is optimal for a particular situation.
Brush
For example, a small amount of materials or large-sized and heavy wooden elements (timber or rounded birch) are treated with a brush. This is the easiest, although a rather labor-intensive way. In order for the tree to receive the required amount of antiseptic substances, it may be necessary to make several layers or a single use of a more concentrated solution.
When processing the surface with brush, the antiseptic flow rate corresponds to the specified on the package, during spraying increases.
Sprayer
Incomparably faster and more convenient to apply with a sprayer. Among the disadvantages of such treatment is an uneven coating of the surface of wooden products and insufficient penetration depth. The quality of work largely depends on the attention, accuracy and conscientiousness of the Contractor.
Choosing a specific antiseptic, pay attention to the cost of the working solution, and not the price of a concentrate. Be sure to take into account the manufacturer's guaranteed defense.
Immersion method
The method of immersion of materials into a container with a protective solution is effective and ensures the most reliable protection of wood. Products are kept in a solution from 30 ° C to a few minutes (most often 1-2 minutes), and then it penetrates into deeper layers, unlike the spraying method. However, in addition to the impressive bathrooms, the lifting mechanism is required for immersion and lifting elements.Calculation of quantity
If you pre-decide on the method of application, it will be possible to calculate the required amount of solution. The fact is that the coefficient of unproductive losses during wood treatment with a brush is 1.1, and when processing a sprayer increases to 1.2-1.6 (depending on the type of equipment and the form of elements).
When processing non-stroke wood, as well as material with a large number of areas affected by wood and mold mushrooms, antiseptic consumption increases.
Prerequisites for work
Wood protection means It is important to use on the street or in a well-ventilated room, in dry weather at a temperature of from 12 to 25 ° C, avoiding direct sunlight and drafts. Manufacturers do not recommend to apply protective equipment into very hot or windy weather, under direct sunlight. These conditions lead to too intense evaporation of the solution during drying, and, as a result, the depth of it is reduced.
For a deeper penetration into the wood, the first layer azur is diluted with water by 10-15%. Moreover, the concentration of the finished working solution must accurately comply with the recommended manufacturer values. Its decrease can cause wood bioprovat.
Most antiseptics are applied at ambient temperature at least 5 ° C. Of course, the processed surface should be cleaned of contamination, dust and film-forming coatings. Invalid impregnation of iced wood. After the end of the work, the wood should be protected from atmospheric precipitation and in general to enter the surface to completely dry the surface, about a day.
Constructive elements (beams, rafters, draft floors) are processed before construction, a log house - no later than 2 weeks after the construction. Preventive protection is desirable to spend every 5-7 years. Especially abundantly impregnate areas where frequent contact with water or long exposure to UV rays are assumed. These complex zones include the ends of sawn timber. For them there are special means of protection.
Process of applying antiseptic
Preparation
The main task of preparation of the wood surface is to enable impregnation freely absorbed. To achieve high-quality protection, the tree is pre-cleaned or washed. Smoliest sections score, and if it does not help - wipe the solvent. Mold is removed by a scraper or metal brush, discoloring if necessary. As a result, the surface should become dry and clean, without any surfactants (for example, detergents), fats, oils, resins.Any product, even intended for internal work and having a reduced concentration of active substances toxic. Therefore, it is important to comply with elementary security measures. Namely: to exclude the contact of the composition with open parts of the body, hitting it on the mucous membranes and inside the body. Use rubber gloves, respirator and special glasses.
Whitening
Before proceeding for wood processing by a protective antiseptic, make sure that there is no blue, mold and rot. Otherwise, the bleaching and reservation procedure will be required. For this purpose, special compositions are used that destroy wood and wood-sinking mushrooms, remove gray raids, returning the wood natural color, and prepare the surface to protection.
With it, you can unwind the darkened areas and return the original color of the natural material. The tool is applied with a sponge or brush to the surface of the tree and leave for some time (from 2-3 hours to 0.5-2 days), after which the residues of the bleach are thoroughly wash off. If necessary, the procedure is carried out again. To prevent repeated damage to wood after bleaching (and taking into account the design of the wooden structure), the material is treated with an antiseptic. The cost of 1 l bleach is from 80 rubles.
It is impossible to replace specialized bleachers cheaper household. After all, the concentration and composition of active substances in specialized compositions are selected in such a way as to most effectively influence the pathogens of the tree bioprovilation, without changing its physicomechanical properties. After processing and drying, the surface remains absolutely safe for people and domestic animals.
Window frames, doors and other elements of the facade are protected by painting scotch.
To ensure optimal adhesion of protective and decorative materials, the wooden base should be dry and clean. All pollution and mold are removed. The surface is treated with a grinding skin of the R220 grain.
After that, it is thoroughly cleaned from dust.
Proceed with a versatile antiseptic for wood. After drying it (after 12 hours), "decorative azure to protect the tree V33" is applied, which allows wood to breathe and simultaneously protects it from moisture and ultraviolet rays.
Application
The direction of movement of rainwater and abundant condensate is perpendicular to the horizontally fastened lining. Butts of boards make it difficult to flow water. Moreover, through them, it can penetrate the trim, becoming the cause of its excessive humidification and slow drying. What time is the time between repair work on the facade is reduced. Therefore, the horizontal method of trim specialists are recommended for sufficiently dry climatic zones and at home with large stakes of the roof. The rainwater and condensate flow water and condensate flows quickly, and wood is less than the negative impact of moisture. This option is optimal for houses located in wet climatic zones, where they are subjected to strong atmospheric influences.
Torch processing
Procedure of the ends of Breus is extremely important. The fact is that the moisture evaporates from the side surfaces of the bric and bar more slowly than from the ends and end spins. After processing these sections, a vapor-permeable membrane is formed by special compositions on their surface. It protects ends from excessive absorption of moisture and the occurrence of bios, regulates the rate of evaporation of moisture and allows the tree to breathe. Due to the high elasticity of the membrane retains integrity during natural wood deformations. Funds are strengthened by wood, and they can be used on the already cracked ends in order not to increase the depth of existing cracks and prevent the emergence of new ones. Cost 5 l - from 980 rubles.
The ambient temperature and processed ends should be no lower than 10 ° C, and the moisture content of wood can be any.
