The main thing in the furnace or the fireplace is not at all the furnace, but the chimney. The problem of choosing the design, the advantage of the modular chimney, the installation technology.
Every developer who wished to put the furnace in his house is well known that the main thing in this heating device is not at all its solid array with fireboxes, subtopers and outstands, and the same air channel, according to which the smoke is derived out and which is called chimney, or simply chimney.
How many tears (in the most direct sense) shed the owners due to the incorrectly installed tube with a bad burden, contributing to the accumulation of smoke indoors! As a headache causes a carbon monoxide, persistently penetrating the dwelling space from all sorts of gaps, dampers and plugs! Isao, the main thing - with an independent installation of a brick chimney, there is always the likelihood that it will have to be destroyed and rebuilding, inviting through acquaintances of the cook, followed by a reputation not only an alcoholic, but also cradle with a guarantee of 50-70%. All these are obvious problems that arise primarily at a homeowner with an incorrectly folded oven.
On the second plan there are no less significant problems, although not lying on the surface. We are talking about the economy of chimneys, which is directly related to such a physical phenomenon as the thrust. The secrets of it are quite well studied, and their knowledge will certainly be useful for anyone who decides on an independent installation of one or another modification of the chimney. The thrust is a vacuum in the stove tube channel, thanks to which the combustion products are removed to the external environment and at the same time ensures input to the furnace of the air required to maintain air combustion. There is a traction due to the difference in the specific gravity of "light" products of combustion and "heavy" external cold air. The more the difference between the temperatures of the other, the greater the force of the thrust. Natopoving stove stove, you will achieve a noticeable increase in thrust, but it is economically impractical, because it will require a large fuel consumption, the heat from which literally flies into the pipe. Other ways to increase thrust are associated with the design features of chimneys and their location in the house. So, the higher the pipe, the stronger the thrust. However, in too long chimney, combustion products will meet in their way greater resistance to movement, besides, giving the walls of the chimney heat, the gases are cooled, and therefore, their proportion increases, and it leads to weakening the thrust. There is also a dependence on the pipe section: too small will not provide all the volume of combustion products, and the system "falls", and too large will lead to an increase in the resistance of waste gases from the cold air and, thus, to weaken the thrust. It is noticeable to reduce the strength of the thrust horizontal and inclined (sugl less than 45) areas of the chimney, then soot accumulates in them. If you arrange the chimney at the outer wall of the house, then the combustion products will be cooled stronger. This will lead to a decrease in the force of the thrust and the formation of condensate in the chimney, which acts on the walls of the pipe is destroying. If we talk about condensation formation, as an undoubtedly harmful phenomenon for the chimney, its main danger is to react condensate with the pipes on the inner walls of the pipe with the formation of chemically aggressive substances. The latter are especially dangerous for brick and metal pipes without anti-corrosion coating. The formation of condensate is observed in almost all types of chimneys. Thermal insulation of the pipe or placement of it in the inner capital wall make it possible to reduce the harm applied by this process. The more reliable thermal insulation, the faster in the chimney, the condensal formation threshold is achieved and, therefore, less than the time, aggressive substances act on the chimney walls.
Modular chimneys on the domestic market supply companies such as Bofill (Spain), Selkirk (England), Pougoulet (France), Arosta, Sur (Germany), MK (Poland), "Bikar" (Russia) and others. A set of complete chimney for the house of about 350m2 is about $ 800-1200 (depends on the company). If part of the chimney inside the house is made from single-axis pipes, then you can hold $ 500-600.
Modern technologies Do not stand on the spot in the issue of improving the designs of chimneys, allowing to avoid all these tears and headaches, and besides, to simplify, make a more technological procedure for installing a chimney. One of these facilitating life devices is a modular chimney with thermal insulation, made of corrosion-resistant metal. Modular chimneys are the similarity of the "constructor" consisting of two-layer metal pipes with thermal insulation gasket between layers and connecting elements. Using modular chimneys to disrupt combustion products from various modifications of boilers, fireplaces and furnaces. Even inside the already installed brick chimney with a low efficiency, it is possible to lave an efficient modular.Problem of choice This or that species of the modular chimney and its completed design can be easily solved when ordering parts and installation services in firms specializing in the installation of such pipes. Before buying and self-installing, it is advisable to represent the basic parameters of modular chimneys available on the domestic market and model selection criteria.
For gas boilers and columns, as well as for diesel boilers, the temperature of combustion products in which does not exceed 750c, chimneys from stainless steel (wall thickness of 0.5-1.0 mm) with thermal insulation can be used. For fireplaces, furnaces and boilers working on solid fuel, where the temperature of combustion products can reach 900C, use enameled pipes of black or brown carbon steel with a wall thickness of 0.7-2,0mm (4-6 times cheaper than Double tubes).
Regarding the transverse dimensions of modular chimneys, it can be said that most of the trade firms offer to choose a pipe with an optimal internal diameter for a private user - from 80 to500mm.
The height and diameter of the chimney are determined in accordance with the parameters of the heat source. For the owners of the imported boilers, the problem of their definition is minimized, because in the passport of the product or installation instructions, a graph of the dependence of the diameter of the chimney and its height from the boiler power is given. Owners of domestic gas boilers and columns will not have to carry out complex computing. The inner diameter of the chimney is determined by the diameter of the outlet nozzle of the heating device, and the height should be at least 2.5 m from its top to the tube's tender. At the same time, the vertical section at the outlet of the boiler should be more than 20cm, and the vertical part of the chimney at the headrel is not less than 50 cm.
Experience shows that the optimal height of the chimney in fireplaces, furnaces and low power boilers should be 5-6 meters. Installing the modular chimney inside the brick is possible when the latter has a square square with an area of more than 300cm2. In this case, the section of the outer pipe is modular to be about 30% less.
Installation of modular chimney Start "from the stove", that is, from the boiler, columns, fireplace, furnace or other device, in which gaseous, liquid or solid fuel is combustion. We offer readers to familiarize yourself with the installation of a modular chimney produced by f.f.bofill, connected to a metal heat source with a completely defined diameter of the outlet (boiler, a gas column and similar devices).
The first element of the chimney in this case turns out to be an adapter (gearbox) with a special clamp that provides complete tightness of the compound. The adapter is installed on the boiler nozzle so that the built-in clamp with the fastening bolt is from the heating device. After the adapter is on the nozzle, the clamp is tightened and proceed to the horizontal elongation of the chimney. Preferably, the length of the horizontal section is minimal and in any case does not exceed 2m. At the same time, the horizontality can only be said conditionally. Even in the very "horizontal" section of the chimney, the pipe should have a bias up from the boiler nozzle (spending 2 cm per meter). The connection between the adapter and the following module is strengthened with a special steel clamp with a latch. At the end of the horizontal section, a tee is installed with a drainage cone-shaped plug, in which there is a small hole for the condensate removal. Unbuttoning the clamp and removing the plug, you can check the chimney and read if necessary. If the design of the boiler requires too low installation of the tee, then "inspect" the chimney is better with the help of a mirror.
Vertical installation of elements make without the use of a plumb, eye.
The connection of the modules is carried out by the fusey method. Corrugated ending modules are directed up. At the same time, the accuracy of the factory fitting elements eliminates the capillary blotch at the point of contact. On each such compound, a lock clamp is installed, which protects the system from depressurization with thermal expansion of the elements.
It should be paid to the fact that the installation of radiated pipes is advisable to produce up to the opposite. That is, the corrugated ends of the upper tube are inserted into the fool of the bottom. This is done so that the formed condensate does not proceed to the outer side of the dismayed pipes and did not form divorces on them. However, on this score among specialists there is no consensus. Some of them believe that due to the turbulent twist arises on the corners of turbulent twists, and therefore, the historiated ends of the pipes are still better to direct up.
As a rule, chimney suppliers provide services for their installation and in place produce all the necessary calculations. It should be borne in mind that when changing the shape and size of the chimney, the price will grow. For example, with an increase in its diameter twice, 70-80%.
Another important note is to have a joint directly at the place of overlapping between the floors. It must be either lower or higher.On vertical sites every 2,5m are wall clamps (on horizontal - every1,5m). They are also installed in front of the corner tap and immediately after it. For chimney whose height exceeds 10m, it is necessary to provide a wall mount with triangular struts.
For fire safety purposes between chimneys and overlaps, a gap should be made (25cm for pipes with thermal insulation and at least 35cm for non-insulated pipes). Passing an uninsulated pipe through a wooden overlap, the clearance must be laid with mineral wool, and on the upper and lower surface to install an asbotic sheet, the thickness of which is from 10 mm, with a metal cuff.
Where the chimney passes through the roof, a lead base is provided. The top edge should be inserted under the roofing coating, and the bottom - over the latter, which will ensure normal flowing water. The lead plate is attached to the form of roofing, and a metal cone is made in the connection plate (it can be set in advance), which prevents the penetration of atmospheric precipitation through the roof in the base of the pipe.
By installing the pipe on the roof, you need to keep in mind that it should be higher than the skate. In this case, it does not make it snow and there will be no problems with the burden. In general, the pipe should be positioned so that it is displayed above the border of the windband zone and at least 0.5 m above the roof skate (if it will be with a1.5m horizontally from it), or to a skate level (if the pipe will be from it At a distance of up to 3m), or not lower than a straight line, conducted from the skate at an angle of 10 to the horizon, when the pipe is located at a distance of more than 3m from the skate. In all cases, the height of the pipe over the adjacent part of the roof should not be less than0.5 m.
Advantages of modular chimney
The threshold of condensate education in it is overcome in 1-2 minutes (in 35-45 minutes), which significantly reduces the duration of the corrosive action on the walls of the boiler.
The walls of the metal pipes do not absorb combustion products that form sulfuric acid condensate, which is observed in brick and asbetic chimneys and leads to their destruction. Steel pipes have a very smooth inner surface, making small resistance to waste gases and almost do not accumulate soot.
The round section is most optimal for the removal of combustion products (square- worse, the most unfortunate is rectangular).
Each of the parts of the modular chimney is equipped with a reliable thermal insulating material.
Modular chimneys are easy, so that the installation process is simplified and their delivery to the destination.
A wide selection of modules and connecting elements allows you to "link" chimney almost any building, and it is also easy to dismantle it if necessary or change the design already installed.
Aesthetic appearance and reliable thermal insulation allow you to install modular chimneys not only inside, but also outside the building, which ensures the simplicity of their maintenance and the possibility of mounting on the already built building.
Chimneys rising above the roof are more than 1.8m, it is necessary to strengthen stretch marks.The glover of the modular chimney crosses the deflector, increasing the force of thrust due to the supply of gases from the pipe provided by the wind energy. Now, the deflector protects the chimney from atmospheric precipitation from entering it. When used as coal or firewood as fuel, it is advisable to establish a chimney with an open conical end, which does not contribute to the accumulation of soot in the upper part of it.
Chimney care with all its merits is still needed. True, even the most lazy consumer, he will not seem burdensome, because the cleaning should be done no more than two times a year. Special attention should be paid to the location of the chimney with a boiler or stove.
Before breeding the fire in the furnace after long standing of the heating device, you need to open the tee plug and look through the pipe to the stars to make sure that the chimney is not clogged with soot, web, bird nests and other things, and, if necessary.
The editors expresses the gratitude to the manager of Maestredrede LLC Ponomarevus. and specialists ICP "Vasilyev" for help in the preparation of material.