How to build a skeleton garage from a tree with your own hands

We disassemble the pros and cons of the frame structure, choose the correct location on the site and give step-by-step instructions for the construction of the garage.

Build a frame garage with your own hands is easy. For this you do not need to possess special skills. To carry out a technical calculation, it is enough to have a calculator, a sheet of paper and a pencil at hand. Make a project with drawings on scale and detailed description of all parts is also no need. Typically draw a diagram on which the dimensions of the components are indicated. The basis is the lamp that perceives the load from the roof and its own mass. It is trim inside and outside, laying insulation and sound insulation in the cells. Building can be part of the building or stand separately from it.

Making a wooden frame garage

Advantages and disadvantages of wood design

Requirements for the location of the construction

Limitations in size

Selection of wall materials

Choosing a roof

Foundation options

Step-by-step instruction on the construction of the garage

Advantages and disadvantages of construction

pros

• A small mass compared to stone facilities, reinforced concrete, logs and bricks. This allows you to use an easy foundation and simplifies construction technology. For the installation of prefabricated elements, you do not need a lifting crane, special equipment and an area on which they have to be placed. It should be noted that the array is heavier than a profile tube or a corner of steel.
• High speed of work. Hollow walls from large details are erected in 2-4 weeks. There is no need to wait when cement mortar grabbing. Sections are easy to install, as well as a metal crate with screw connections. At the same time, the soft edges are easier to fit into size.
• Durability - the service life at the correctly selected technology is several decades.
• When finishing, it is enough to put one layer of putty. Watching the surface is not needed.
• Lack of shrinkage, allowing immediately after the construction of the construction to move to the inner cladding. Reinforced concrete walls give a marked shrinkage for three years. During this period, it is better not to engage in shtlock and plastering - the coating will be covered due to the deformation of the base.
• Parry permeability of wood and plywood trim - when the walls are "breathing", it is much more comfortable.
• The ability to spend high-quality heat and sound insulation without increasing the thickness of the enclosing structures. Concrete and brick better spend cold than a cell filled with fibrous plates.
• Installation can be carried out at any time of the year. Whereas the brickwork, the fill of the belt foundation and other works associated with the use of cement mortar, are trying to conduct at a positive temperature, otherwise the mixture does not pick up the vintage strength. To solve the problem, constant warming is needed during the grasp.

Minuses

• Low moisture resistance of wood - under the influence of damp, it begins to rot and quickly collapse. To protect it from external influences, the array is impregnated with antiseptics and covered with varnish or paint. To make impermeable lower supports, which are constant dampness, use special impregnations for piles and other parts in contact with water and soil. Full processing takes a few days. Corner and profile pipe are treated in one day.
• Fire hazard - an array is burning even after impregnation with antipirens - additives that reduce flammability. This property can be decisive, because inside the car and easily flammable substances.
• The casing is not able to withstand a heavy shelf - it needs to be attached to the inner support, finding it is not easy. It takes a small area.
• Low strength compared to massive structures made of brick, concrete and logs.

Requirements for the location of the construction

At the stage of preparation of the scheme, it is important to take into account the location of the object on the site. He should not interfere with neighbors, overlap travel, create other inconveniences. In addition, there are a number of requirements shown in SNiP 2.07.01-89:

• Distance to neighboring windows - from 6 m.
• To the boundaries of the territory - from 1 m.
• To the walls of the main one-story building - 3 m, two-story - 5 m. The measurement is carried out from the base or from the walls if the base is missing.
• Before the roadway - at least 3 m.

The distance from the building is taken taking into account the requirements of fire safety. If the object has a protruding roofing slope, measurement lead from its projection. Requirements concern only capital structures with the foundation. Easy buildings that can be transferred to them.

Additional restrictions can introduce the administration of the regions if they do not contradict the legislation and technical regulations.

Requirements are a recommendatory nature, and for their violation, the landlord is not responsible. In the case when the construction interferes with the neighbors, they are right to apply to court. If it is located near the playground or closes the windows of a residential building, the court decision will be in favor of the plaintiffs.

To reduce the distance to the neighboring house, it is necessary to conclude an official treaty with its owners. This document is updated every three years. Such an agreement will be possible if the construction complies with fire safety rules. It should be provided with a drawer with sand and water reservoir, and hang the shield with inventory and fire extinguisher on the wall. Wiring should be in corrugated hoses. The lamps will need to be closed with flames and lattices. Power is made from a separate distribution panel. It is prohibited to use open flames and heating radiators with unprotected heating elements.

When selling a plot of neighbors, the contract is canceled, and it will have to conclude with the new owners.

Limitations in size

According to sanitary and technical standards and rules, the frame garage from the bar located on the territory of the cooperative must be at least 7 m in length and 5 m in width. The minimum height is 3 m. These standards also concern indoor parking in areas specifically designed for their construction.

If the construction is part of a residential building, the ceiling height is taken at least 1 m from the roof of the machine. The same distance takes on the sides to the walls and racks. It is necessary that the doors of the car freely opened in both directions.

Preparation of materials for walls

As a rule, a bar is used with a cross section of 15x15 or 10x10 cm. If necessary, it can be glued from the boards. They also serve to create the foundation of light walls, trim and flooring. Use boards with a cross section 5x15, 2.5x15 and 5x10 cm. Standard blanks length - 6 m.

When selecting blanks, attention should be paid to their quality. Products are not allowed to work with mechanical damage dropping bits and resin subteps. On the surface there should be no traces of mold. If they are, they must be considered and impregnated with antiseptics. Sometimes the mold penetrates too deep. It's easier to get rid of such details than to try to save them.

The array should be dry. Wet fibers are subject to strong deformations when drying. Even the batch corresponding to all standards will have to dry, but such products practically do not change their shape and sizes. After drying and varnishing, they retain it during operation.

Construction often use metal corners and plates that fasten wooden parts on the sides. Steel has high strength, but under the influence of atmospheric moisture, it quickly rust. Primer and paint are not capable of providing long-term protection, so it is better to mount galvanized parts - it does not threaten corrosion. Outside and inside it looks good looking fasteners from wrought iron. They do not rust and do not differ in strength from high-quality steel.

The details of the frame are attached to the self-tapping screws - nails have a smooth surface that is poorly kept in the material. They are used for the trim, which does not perceive large mechanical loads. Nails, screws and other fasteners should have a galvanized coating that protects them from the effects of atmospheric moisture.

The materials for the roof and foundation are selected depending on their design.

Roofing options

Its design is determined at the stage of preparation of the design of the frame garage. Single roof is suitable for an extension. If you do several planes, they must descend from the main building - otherwise the deepening is formed, where water and garbage will be constantly accumulated.

A separate construction is usually closed with two skates - otherwise one wall will have to be done above. This will lead to overfers of materials. With a flat surface accounts for more often to remove snow.

Choosing foundation

For a wooden frame, lightweight structures with an average bearing capacity are suitable:

• The slab foundation is a horizontal reinforced concrete plate, cast a formwork.
• Ribbonally small-breeded base is a reinforced concrete strip along the contour of the walls.
• Screw piles and pillars on which the bearing frame is mounted on top. Supports can be made of tires filled with sand and rubble and bonded by a mortar.

Now consider step-by-step instructions for the construction of a skeleton garage with your own hands.

Instructions for building a frame garage from a tree

Before building a frame garage, you need to decide how it will be used. In the case when inside it is necessary to maintain a room temperature, with an external side arrange additional insulation between the crate and the trim. It is necessary to provide a place to accommodate heating equipment.

We do foundation

As an example, consider the installation of carrier pillars. There are several ways of their manufacture: brickwork, pouring a mixture with a high content of large filler steel and asbestos pipes, concrete blocks, the manufacture of columns by formwork.

Stages of work

• First prepare the platform. It is aligned and verified by level. Dissakes are not allowed.
• The contours of the construction are labeled and stretched between them with a rope.
• The position of the column is noted by the intersection of ropes stretched between the edges. Then, by marks, the recesses with a width of 0.25 m and a depth of 1-1.2 m. The distance between the supports is 0.8-1.2 m. It is more convenient to use manual drill.
• Dno fall asleep with rubble and sand. The thickness of each layer is 10-20 cm. The sand is trambed, watering water from the hose.
• A formwork is made from boards or girlfriends and lowered it into the pita so that the solution does not go into the ground. The bottom is littered with rubberoid or polyethylene film. The design is aligned. Permissible deviation - 5 mm.
• Inside lay the reinforcement assembled on the surface. It consists of parallel steel rods tied to perpendicular to the mounting wire brackets. Also apply welded connections.
• The formwork is filled with a mixture with a high content of rubble. So that inside there is no air emptiness, the solution is constantly poured with a steel rod in the fill process.
• The solution is grabbed for one month. During this period, it is impossible to load the foundation.

Concretion is better carried out at positive temperatures. In winter, formwork will have to constantly warm up so that the mixture can dial at least part of the vintage strength. In the cold time, to build a skeleton garage from a tree with their own hands, ready-made piles into the ground.

The advantage of the pile foundation is that it is convenient to use it for attachments. The slab and ribbon would be difficult to combine the main building with the basement. There would be a temperature seam, quenching voltage during deformation. They arise as a result of an uneven shrinkage. The house has already plunged into the ground, and the extension has not yet managed to take the final position. She will need for this for three years.

Cooking lower strapping

When the supports are ready, the carrying crate from the steel profile or wood is placed on top of them. It will stand the ground part of the design. Material for beams serves a ram 15x15 cm. Installation does not take long.

Step-by-step process

• From above, the supports are covered with rubberoid, laying it with a layer of 2-3 sheets.
• Each bar from the end is cut off half of its thickness to 15 cm. It is necessary for a more dense dock between the parts.
• The frame withstands heavy loads, so even long screws and anchors will not be enough. The joints of the beams on the sides are applied with steel plates with holes and tightly tighten them with long wide self-draws. On perpendicular joints, it is convenient to use metal corners. They secure the ribs that connect the perimeter. If you plan to create a loving pit, an appropriate window is made in the crate.
• The frame is cut by boards with a cross section of 5x15 or 2.5x15 cm, forming an outdoor coating. Above the wheels of the machine are laid extra flooring or technical linoleum.

We build carrier walls

The base is vertical beams mounted on the bottom strapping. They are put in increments of 0.6-0.8 m, starting with the angles, and fix the upper strapping. Then make the external trim with plasterboard or moisture-resistant plates of OSB.

To increase the strength, the ribs on one or two levels are located between the racks. The corners are additionally cut by diagonal 2.5 cm thick. Each prefabricated element must be set on a building level. If the design is an extension to a residential building, there is no need to build a wall between them. The vertical and horizontal frame is mounted on the finished vertical base.

Mount the roof

The rafters are fixed on the upper strapping. They are made of 2,5х15 cm boards put on the edge and cut under the desired angle in the pairing places from the bottom and skate. Steel corners and plates use as fasteners. Each series of rafters are placed over the wall racks. From above make a crate to which roofing materials are mounted. It is fixed on nails or selflessness.

We wash the walls

When carrier frames are ready, their insulation, sound insulation and finishing are carried out. From the outside, the metal sheets are laid, siding, put the extra layer of drywall or carry out plastering. If necessary, the surface is ground and color.

If it is possible to spend inside heating, without disturbing fire safety, the outer part is insulated. As a rule, this is not necessary, since light buildings are designed mainly to accommodate the car. Heating is needed for premises where it is planned to spend a lot of time, for example, for workshops.

The insulation is placed in cells closed with polyethylene film. Its stealth with an overlap 10 cm and fasten with scotch. Most often, three types of insulation are used: mineral wool, polystyrene foam, polyurethane foam.

The latter option is the most functional. The coating is sprayed from the spray. To cover a large area, professional equipment will be required. The advantage of this method is the absence of cold bridges - voids or solid conductors - anchors, nails and screws. The cold on them easily penetrates inside. From above, the material is closed with a hermetic layer of polyethylene and is separated by plywood, plasterboard or clapboard.