Safety and ease of use of kitchen gadgets depend on the location of the sockets. We will tell you how to correctly determine their number and where to place.
All about the placement of kitchen sockets
Primary requirements
Important moments of design
How to determine the number of products
How to locate electrical blocks
Common mistakes
Modern kitchen has long been the main consumer of energy in any house. There are many different household appliances operating from electricity. To provide them with security, normal functioning and ease of use, you need to well think about the location of the sockets in the kitchen. This is no less important than the competent embodiment of the received project.
Basic Requirements for the placement of sockets in the kitchen
Since electricity is considered potentially dangerous, special standards and requirements have been developed to be taken into account when designing. Here are the main provisions.
- The plug-in device cannot be from the power source further than 1.5 m.
- The electrical connector must be maximally protected from moisture, steam and splashes. Therefore, it should be removed from the stove and washing at a distance of at least 200 mm.
- For embedded devices, it is allowed to equip out sockets in the next furniture housings. To do this, they drink suitable holes at an altitude of 300-600 mm from the floor.
- It is allowed to mount the electrical elements inside the couch with a sink. In this case, only designs with special moisture-proof enclosures are used.
- In the kitchen, the height of the sockets installed on the apron should be 150-250 mm from the table top. So they will fall at least splashes.
It is forbidden to mount the electrical outlet directly behind the housing of any built-in technology, for washing or behind drawers. Especially this ban is relevant for dishwasher and washing machine
Important moments of design
To prevent emergency situations, you need to consider a number of rules:
- The power of the power outlet of the lines headed into the room should be halved to exceed the need for all connected devices. To determine this, we divide the room to the sections, each of which is located one socket group. Calculate its power, double the result. We form the obtained values.
- We distribute energy consumers so that the total power of the equipment connected to one source does not exceed the valid values.
- High power electrical equipment is better soaked through separate lines with protective automation. Therefore, it is necessary to bring the desired number of such lines from the distribution panel. To make it easier to deal with the wiring, each machine can be signed.
For household appliances in a metal case requires grounding. Therefore, the sockets intended for it are correctly connected via the RCO or differential circuit breakers
The optimal option will calculate the approximate consumption of all devices. To do this, you can use such averaged values:
- Lighting 150-200 W;
- Refrigerator 100 W;
- Kettle 2000 W;
- microwave 2000 W;
- cooking panel 3000-7500 W;
- oven 2000 W;
- Dishwasher 1000-2000 W.
You need to calculate the total capacity of the equipment. It should be from 10 to 15 kW. At the same time, the whole technique will not be turned on, so it is not worth calculating the wiring on such values. However, it is necessary to determine the maximum possible power when several current collectors are included. If it exceeds 7 kW, it is worth thinking about lining a line by 380 V and a phaznous load distribution.
How to determine the desired number of electrical devices
To do everything correctly, you should start with the preparation of the plan for the placement of equipment and furniture. If the future design is not yet defined, you will have to postpone this event. Otherwise, it may be so that the power servers "stand up" at all where necessary. Given that their location is associated with posting the posting, it will be quite difficult to carry out the transfer. It is easier to first decide on the design of the room.
Build the scheme for the arrangement of furniture and household appliances. Determine the approximate number of required blocks. One by one should have to each unit of stationary technology plus at least two blocks from each edge of the table top and one near the dining table. Provided that the latter is not Located on the distance from the wall. Stationary equipment we consider:
- hood;
- oven;
- boiler;
- refrigerator;
- freezing chamber;
- washing machine;
- dishwasher;
- microwave;
- Grinder for garbage.
It is good to install an electrical outlet near the kitchen switch. Usually this zone is relatively free from furniture, so the access point to the network here will be very by the way. It is especially useful for connecting a vacuum cleaner. After that, we think over the location of the connectors under the rest of household appliances. They, as we know, should be at least two on each side of the table top.
We make calculation with a stock, so that when purchasing new devices, the extension can also be used or a network splitter, it is also called a tee. It is unsafe, and therefore it is extremely undesirable.
How to position the outlets in the kitchen
After the required number of connectors is accurately defined, build a detailed scheme with the indication of all indents and sizes:
- Measure the height, width and length of the kitchen.
- Schematically, each of the walls, it should be that in the draw is called "front view".
- We supplement the drawing with a schematic image of furniture and household appliances. In this case, the size and scale are strictly observing.
- We note the location of the power out, which refers to the plan, on which their number was determined.
Laying the scheme for placing sockets in the kitchen with dimensions and distances, be sure to consider the features of their location and destination. We will deal with the main nuances of the connection.
Refrigerator
Manufacturers of aggregates recommend to power them from below so that the connector is not noticeable. It is good for equipment that is not planned to disconnect.
For equipment, the fork of which is not required permanent access, the rosetting unit is installed at an altitude of about 10 cm from the floor or higher. If free access is necessary to optimally mount the structure in the area of the working area.
Hood
The equipment is connected at an altitude of 1.8-2.1 m from the floor. The easiest way to do this without a plug, connecting the displayed cable directly to the device. This is the optimal option for low-cost models. However, this can not always be done. For example, it is not necessary to cut the plug from expensive equipment. In this case, the warranty will be lost, which is very undesirable.Gloomy cabinet and cookbar
Powerful cooking panels are connected through a special power transfer. A variant is possible when the cable output is connected directly to the contact terminals of the panel. Oven, unlike them, do not need special equipment. Optimally install connectors for connecting to the adjacent headset. Provided that it has a swing door. If this is not possible, the block is placed below, at a short distance from the floor.
Dishwasher and washing machine
Rules are prohibited by installing electrical out of the building of this technique. Its work is associated with the use of water that when leakage can create a serious emergency. It is best to install an electrical block in the moisture-proof body to the left / right of the unit. If there is such an opportunity, you can hide it in the furniture end.Work zone
It is characterized by the presence of a large number of connectors. They must be at least two from each edge of the wall. Height of sockets over the table top in the kitchen There may be any, but not lower than 10-25 cm from the coating. You need to place the blocks so that they are most protected from moisture and hot droplets of being prepared. To accommodate in the immediate vicinity of washing or a plate is better to choose products in enclosures with high protection.
The kitchen apron performs not only a protective, but also decorative function, and a large number of power servers can spoil its appearance. Therefore, you can choose hidden models that are functional and invisible.
Good built in the worktop or mounted locker connectors. When they are not needed, the products are recessed into the coating. As needed, they are given in the working state. On the photo example of such a model
Three common mistakes
To perform design and installation correctly, we analyze the errors that are most often found in practice.
- Installation of electrical blocks and wiring before buying or ordering furniture. As a result, part of the connectors may be closed by a headuit, and the cords of electrical equipment will not be able to reach the power supply. We will have to either lengthen / shock the lines and transfer to electrical engineering, which is very laborious and consistent. Or use splitters and carry, and this is dangerous.
- Connect the refrigerator. The manufacturer emphasizes undesirable and even prohibits the device through the extension. Considering that the cable length of the refrigerator is about 1 m, the connector for it needs to be designed with the exact location where it will be installed. If the device is not yet purchased, you can find the technical documentation of the selected model on the Internet. So you can find out to know its width and side to which the cord comes out. With this in mind, refer to the connection point.
- Installation of electrical blocks in a standard housing in "wet" zones. In the immediate vicinity of the mixer or interacting with water devices, such as dishwasher and washing machine, you only need to install special electrical products. Shutters and seals will protect the wiring from water in case of emergency.
Connect the device interacting with water through a simple machine is categorically impossible. DIF.Avtomat or Uzo is necessarily used. Only this can be provided with the necessary security.
The safety and ease of use of household gadgets depends largely on how to arrange sockets in the kitchen. You should not neglect the requirements of the standards and the recommendations of the Masters, otherwise you can encounter serious problems.
