Only a few seconds, sprayed isolation is required to increase in a volume of 60-100 times and become an effective insulation. We tell about this useful material.
Rolls and mineral insulation plates, XPS plates when installed are placed in special designs or use special devices and fasteners. The joints of the individual insulating elements, as well as their places of their adjoints, are often becoming cold bridges. The heat and waterproofing layer obtained by a continuous spraying of polyurethane foam (PPU) is deprived of these flaws.
A quick solid polyurethane foam, which is used for the insulation of residential and industrial structures, is formed as a result of a chemical reaction of two components: isocionate and polyol mixed under high pressure. The PPU structure formed by many hermetic (to one degree or another) cells provides one of the lowest thermal conductivity coefficients among insulating materials traditionally used in construction.
Insulation from PPU Stepko tolerates atmospheric effects and temperature differences. In order for the structure of the material not to break the UV rays, the warmed facade is separated by plaster, paint.
However, this material has many other advantages. In the polyurethane foam there are no volatile toxins. It is environmentally friendly and harborn to human health. According to manufacturers, it can be even eaten as an experiment. And although the stomach does not digest biologically inert foam, it will not have no harmful effect on the body.
Polyurethane foam has high adhesion to all building materials, except for polyethylene and surfaces from fluoroplastic. The tightness of the insulating layer is maintained throughout the life of the structure. Polyurethane foam refers to weakly or moderately flammable materials (a group of flammability G1 or G2). That is, in the open flame, it burns, but as soon as the source of the fire disappears - it fades.
Outside and inside
PPU layer on the base, the foundation of the house is resistant to mechanical effects and moisture, absorbing less than 2% of the mass
The applications of sprayed insulation from PPU are very diverse. It is insulation of the roof, walls, foundations, basements, basements, floors, floors and ceilings, balconies and loggias, engineering communications, pools. Specialized companies are used with the insulation of the PPU components from different manufacturers, among which "Vladipur", "Ecotermix", "Chimtrast", Basf, Bayer, Demiles, Hunsman, Synthesia.
The process of application is not easy from the point of view of technology, selection of components and equipment. The quality of the initial raw materials of different manufacturers varies noticeably. Companies with extensive experience, as a rule, offer a choice of several options for raw materials at different prices, with different properties. In addition, they are familiar with spraying features in different designs.
The layer of the opening PPU ("Ecotermix") with a thickness of 10 mm reduces noise penetration by 37 dB. Polyurethane foam covers not only smooth, but also radial surfaces and structures of complex forms. Material is sprayed in liquid form, and when frozen it takes the form of the base.
The components of the PPU are mixed in a certain proportion using a foam generator and high pressure through a special pistol are sprayed on the surface being processed. The material is applied by a thin solid layer, filling the smallest cracks. After that, for a few seconds it foams, increasing in the amount of up to 100 times, and pouring, forming an insulating layer. Due to the high adhesion, it is reliably fixed on the surface, without any additional fastener. The thermal insulation of the desired thickness is obtained for one or more passages. The finished layer is durable and sealed. It does not have gaps and joints.
The base for the application of PPU should be dry, clean, degreased. To the wet and, moreover, the oily surface of the foam will not stick. At reduced spraying temperatures, special PPU components intended for cold conditions are used. When deploying the PPU by installing high pressure loss of material about 5-10%, and when operating at low pressure installation - 20-30%. As practice shows, the volume of finished isolation from one kit in a professional and a novice may differ almost 2 times. The operator of low qualifications will be given herones and bugs on the surface being processed.
The insulated polyurethane foam caisson prevents freezing water in the pump and in the water supply system, providing trouble-free operation of water supply based on the well in the cold season
Price of material
The cost of 1 m² of sprayed insulation is made up of three main components - this is the cost of a material used by specialized equipment and actually work. Costs (material and work) on the outer insulation of a hard PPU with a layer thickness from 2.5 to 10 cm may vary from 550 to 1130 rubles. For 1 m², the inner insulation of soft PPU with a layer thickness from 5 to 15 cm stands somewhat less: from 350 to 750 rubles. For 1 m².
Sophisticated conditions for conducting work, such as spraying at an altitude of more than 3 m or processing the ceiling, increase the cost of insulation by 10-20%. In a similar way, the difficult climatic conditions are also affected, among them are negative temperatures and outdoor sputtering in windy weather, which lead to product overfers. Reduce the cost of spraying PPU can impressive insulation area (more than 1000 m²). On small areas (up to 200 m²), it is possible to use polyurethane enclosed in a balloon (about 1 kg), resembling a cylinder with mounting foam. Apply the material using a mounting gun. The rate of applying PPU from the cylinder to a plot of 1 m² is just 2 minutes.
After spraying the thermal insulation, the room is carried out for 15-30 minutes, after that the PPU does not allocate volatile compounds and does not smell. To align the surface and remove foam fragments, use hacksaw or acute spatula
pros
- Low thermal conductivity coefficient: from 0.019 to 0.03 W / (M • K).
- Good sound insulation properties.
- Light material, does not load bearing structures.
- A small thickness of the insulating layer: from 5 to 15 cm.
- High speed mounting.
- The effectiveness of insulation due to the high adhesion of foam to all building materials, the tightness of the layer, with the practical absence of joints, seams, cold bridges.
- Covers the surfaces of any complexity, including curvilinear.
- Biologically inert material.
- Long service life: from 20 years and more.
Minuses
- The need to attract specialists with special equipment and spraying skills.
- Difficulties when working with cold surfaces.
- Cranes from the impact of direct UV rays.
Hard or soft pamp?
Polyurethane foam is divided into hard and soft. The first type includes material formed by many closed cells. This structure prevents passing through the air insulation layer, moisture, steam and water. Material density: 20-60 kg / m³, thermal conductivity coefficient: 0.02-0.03 W / (M • K). Due to sufficient strength, it can withstand mechanical exposure, which is important when building foundations of buildings. In addition, the insulation of the hard PPU is used on roofing, with the outer insulation of facades and bases.
The structure of the soft PPU is formed by interrelated open cells. Material density: 8-20 kg / m³, thermal conductivity coefficient: 0.035-0.06 W / (M • K). It is elastic, has good indicators on heat and sound insulation, but more susceptible to mechanical effects. Opened cellular PPU passes a certain amount of steam, the same as a tree or brick. Therefore, the material is used for internal insulation of buildings. And by the way, its cost is less than the cost of harsh PPU.
A cylinder with sprayed polyurethane insulation Polynor is enough for 1 m² with a layer thickness of 5 cm (1 cylinder - 468 rubles). After graduating, the gun was washed with Cleaner Polynor cleaner (1 cylinder - 155 rub.)
Andrei Zaretsky, General Director of Ekotermix Group
Unfortunately, the insulation of polyurethane foam is often self-taught, weakly versed in the technology of work. They are experimenting with different materials and offer a lower cost of work to the detriment of quality. Most of these brigades use cheap low pressure settings (20-50 bar). While the stable result is given only expensive high-pressure installations (over 100 bar). Trust work on spraying should only be official representatives of the manufacturers of PPU components. They have high-tech equipment, and the masters have passed the appropriate training. Turning to professionals, including partners of our company, which provide warning services, the customer receives the official guarantee from the plant, which private brigades cannot give.