Today there are smart models in the rules of almost all leading doors manufacturers. We tell, whether they are comfortable in operation and are quite reliably protected from thieves-hackers.
First of all, we will define the concept of "smart entrance door". Thunderstand the design equipped with an electrified locking system and / or video surveillance with the protection function. Smart doors appeared on the Russian market in the mid-2000s. - Orders for an expemon novelty were ready to fulfill the Italian company Dierre, Israeli MUL-T-LOOCK, etc. True, the first models were far from perfect: only the vague contours of objects could be seen on the internal monitor, and the castles were honey and "hung." As a result, a few months later, the owners moved to emergency mechanics carefully stipulated by the manufacturer.
Electronic access control systems developed for hotels and institutions began to apply in residential buildings. Perhaps soon, cards and key rings and locks will come to change the keys and locks and the castle will lose the keyhole forever
For incomplete two decades, electronics from a fun toy turned into an assistant. It rarely gives failures, allows you to control the mechanisms remotely and independently solves complex tasks. There is a chance that soon automation transforms the entrance door market. In the meantime, consider the device of the smart door on the example of flagship models of large manufacturers.
Door with automatic lock
The most important element of the smart door is an automatic locking system consisting of a motor or solenoid lock and code reader.What is better: motor or solenoid?
Motor locks are usually massive than their mechanical fellow, no less reliable and do not need maintenance (factory lubricant is calculated for the entire service life). They are powered by the network through a lowering transformer (for the engine operation is required by a 12 V voltage current, while the cable in the protective sleeve is passed through the sash loop. As a rule, a lithium-ion battery is installed in the case of power supply in power supply, calculated at least 40 autonomous unlocking / locking. The main disadvantages of the motor lock are quite slow response (1-2 c) and high cost (from 35 thousand rubles)
The electromotive cylinder is equipped with an autonomous power source calculated by about 30 thousand opening / closing cycles. Mortise solenoid locks are usually powered from the network, and the emergency opening battery is installed as an option.
Solenoid locks (automotive analogue) work almost instantly and cost 3-4 times cheaper than motor. Alas, the departure of the rigleel is no more than 20 mm, and this is usually not enough to ensure satisfactory resistance to the power hacking door, so specialists do not recommend using a solenoid castle as the main one.
Transponders' keys falling into a magnetic field emitted by the reader are sent in response to the code pulse. The range depends on the operating frequency and the intensity of the interference. For the apartment door, high-frequency devices of medium "long-range" are preferable - 0.5-2 m
Hidden mounting
The important advantage of electric locking devices is the possibility of a hidden installation anywhere around the perimeter of the canvas. There are no key well in such models, and it is impossible to determine the location of the lock case and the casing with a closed sash. Electronic hoes are still rare, which means that only noisy effects of exposure methods remain an attacker using a bulk tool (scrap, Bulgarian), but they attract attention and besides, without knowledge of weak vessels, the design of the door block usually do not bring results. Experts consider the hidden editing electricity to be a very effective means of preventing apartment corners.Electrical lock, as well as the usual mechanical, can be equipped with additional devices - deviators, increasing the number of locking points and thereby difficulty hacking the door
Sensory and scanning locks
As the code part of the electricity, high-frequency RFID / Proximity receivers or fingerprint scanners are usually used. The first provide maximum comfort: the locks automatically unlock, you should approach the door, there is no need to even get a card or key chain from the bag. Biometric devices (scanning panels) are slightly less convenient, but it is practically eliminating the possibility of reading or selected code.
In some models of door blocks, such as Elettra (Dierre), the principle of Internet is implemented: using a mobile phone with a installed brand application, you can not only remotely unsubscribe the door, but also to activate / deactivate access cards, to obtain information about the state of the door (open or closed) , write messages on the display of the electronic lock.
Of course, electrified locking mechanisms are not devoid of disadvantages, the main of which is the possibility of a reaction to a random signal or an error in reading (although, according to manufacturers, the probability of failures is hundredths of interest), as well as the vulnerability of the installed electronic reader for vandal actions.
Electronic cylinder
Multifunctional video surveillance system panel must be mounted at the factory
The simplest videos can be installed in place of ordinary devices in a matter of minutes (it is only important to choose the right profile and the length of the cylinder and the eye body)
Doors with video surveillance
Another attribute of the smart door is a built-in video surveillance system. On some models, such as Flashdoor (Torex), it is an ordinary wide-angle video viscosity with the recording function. In a more advanced version (like Leganza Smart), such a system is capable of performing security alarm functions: turn on the alarms and send SMS messages when invading your territory.
In master systems, using a smartphone, you can not only manage locks, but also track the actions of other users, add and delete discharge codes
The main elements of the system are a camcorder (camera) and a monitor combined with the control panel. There are different options for configuration and layouts, for example, built into the web monitor and single-mounted chambers or, on the contrary, installation of additional audio and light devices, sensors.
Modern compact surveillance cameras remove color video by resolution up to 1920 × 1080 P (Full HD) at a speed of 25 frames per second and equipped with an infrared illumination module, providing a rather clear black and white image with poor lighting. Most often, the camera is installed instead of an ordinary eye - so it is completely invisible and does not annoy the neighbors. As a rule, an additional connection of external and internal surveillance cameras is provided (the latter make it possible, for example, to monitor the remaining home by children).
Video screen and touch control panel on Leganza Smart doors are automatically enabled or using the remote control. In the off state, they merge with glossy finish and completely invisible
The internal panel combines the functions of the monitor and the control unit. Images from cameras in online mode are broadcast here, and video recordings are stored here (almost all devices are compatible with microcd format memory cards with a volume of up to 16 GB, that is, they are able to store dozens of video watches). To save space on the memory card, turning on and off the chambers is controlled by the motion sensors.
From the same panel, the system is configured - turning on / off the alarm siren and illumination when approaching the door, sending messages, sending data.
The system connects to the Internet via Wi-Fi and with a cable, can be complemented by a module (voice module is mounted, for example, behind a chamber door) and an IR remote control for remote control of cameras, monitors and audio devices.
Manufacturers adapt control programs for different operating systems
Mechanical characteristics
Most smart entrance doors have a lightweight design and still well protected from power hacking. When choosing, it is necessary to find out the thickness of the steel, from which the main parts of the door block are made. To the canvas could not be cut with hand knives, the trim sheet should not be thinner than 1.5 mm, and it is necessary that the manufacturer uses high-quality carbon steel grades 15, 20, a20, a30, etc.
It is also important for the presence of ribbiness or reinforcing rods that provide resistance to bending the corners of the canvas. If the details of the door block are made using electrical welding, not a cold stamping, then you should pay attention to the step of welding points - it should be 30-50 mm.
Construction of the shelter of the reinforced door block
1 - an allotted steel base (strapping and linen); 2 - layer of vibrotic insulation; 3 - the main filling (plate of high density mineral wool); 4 - ribs; 5 - additional thermal insulation (layer of cork agglomerate); 6 - a lock group of two secrecy mechanisms with connected dependent battles (deviators); 7 - Finishing PanelSo that the door block is well isolated sounds from the staircase, the cavities of the canvas and boxes must be filled with basalt or ceramic wool or foamflast (polyurethane foam expanded polystyrene foam). There is also necessarily the presence of two sealing contours in the zone of the River.
Smart doors tend to equip hidden loops that cannot be cut off. Ordinary overhead loops with ball bearings are no less reliable, but require the installation of anti-low devices (motionless pins or retractable rheglels on the loop side of the web or box).
If the main door lock is mechanical, then it must be additionally protected: a suvalden device - armoflastic, and the cylinder is an armor. In the zone of response holes under the riglel, the box stand should also be enhanced by a plaque made of high-carbon steel or armor.
If the door has been assigned the first or second class of resistance to hacking according to GOST R 51113-97 "The means of protective banking ...", it means that you are a reliable and very strong product.
Doors with electronic and mechanical locks
Not all are ready to completely rely on the electronic devices when it comes to access to the apartment and its protection against extraneous penetration. Therefore, intelligent locks are often combined with mechanical, sacrificing one of the advantages of the first - increased resistance to opening or ease of operation.
Nobody wanted to spend the night on the verge of the fault of the Celebratory Code Reeer, so the manufacturers of access systems (for example, Abloy, Cisa) equip the electrotatballs with an emergency opening cylinder, which gives the location of the housing and theoretically can be opened with the launder.
Another approach implemented, for example, in the "Prestige 3" door ("Gardian"), is the addition of the main mechanical lock by a semi-dependent electric pump. Such a solution increases the stability of the door to the opening, but does not cancel the keys' manipulations.
In most auxiliary locks, the electronic code part is duplicated by the traditional mechanism of secrecy, as a rule - pin (Pinov) cylinder
Protection of door elements
Button code panels are desirable to close from dust and moisture - a small visor or sliding cover can cope with this task. Biometric scanners and transponder readers are vulnerable to vandal actions, so they need more serious protection. The optimal option is the built-in installation, in which the body of the device is recessed in the canvas, platband or wall. For an openly installed contact reader, it is desirable to order a steel damper for a magnetic key-tablet.
The lock can be controlled by an electronic coded device not only outside, but also from the inside. This decision will prevent the rogues, penetrate the apartment, for example, through the window, unlock the door to make the property
Correct installation
Often, durable doors with excellent locks are vulnerable to the simplest way to hack - a strong blow of the leg or a primitive lever. Similar to this - errors made in the preparation of the opera and / or mounting the door block. So, categorically unacceptable installation with short (up to 100 mm long) and thin (with a diameter of less than 10 mm) pins and anchor dowels. If the partition is made of foam blocks, the length and the number of mounting elements should be increased at least one and a half times. Persons partially laid by bricks or blocks represent a special problem; In this case, installers, using the metal detector, should check the presence of a mortgage reinforcement, and ideally the masonry is completely moved with the necessary gain. Negatively affect the resistance to hacking gaps between the wall and the platband.The main stages of the entrance door block
After expansion, the door was leveled in two planes and temporarily recorded wedges
Through the mounting eyes drilled holes in the walls, then the block position was once again controlled again.
The box attacked the anchor-dowels with a diameter of 10 mm and a length of 100 mm (in the standard version of most doors there are four attachment points for each rack)
Filled the mounted gap of polyurethane foam
Installed inserts of response holes for riggers and anti-binding ridges
It remains to sew the internal slopes with decorative panels
