Mwachidule pamsika wa mipando ya mipando: katundu wa mndandanda, zikopa za mipando, chip-zotchinga chip ndi mitengo yamitengo, mdf, plywood, Mitundu Yoyang'ana
Popanga mipando ya mipando (Russia), opanga ku Europe akugwiritsidwa ntchito: Chipterr Chipboard (Germany), Oberflex veneer (Fraver), Galimoto ya Gravewen (Belgium)
Ma verols a Ilcam (Italy) kuchokera ku mitengo yamtengo wapatali yamatabwa
Phukusi la Euroferm (birir) limagwiritsidwa ntchito pokumana ndi misonkhano yoyeserera, mipando ya mipando, nick-zingwe, mabokosi, kuphatikiza ukadaulo, kuphatikiza ukadaulo wa post
Malekezero a chipboard okhazikika amatetezedwa ku chinyontho ku chinyontho pogwiritsa ntchito m'mbali mwapadera
Papilon khitchini ("khitchini Maria", Russia) amapangidwa ndi MDF, yolembedwa ndi filimu ya PVC ndi patenthedwe. Kuphimba kwapadera kwa zigawo zingapo za varnish kumathandizira kusamalira ndikulola kuti mawonekedwe asunge mawonekedwe. Filimu ya PVC pa maziko amatsanzira nkhuni chitumbuwa
Mashelufu okhazikika a kukhitchini "Mvula ya Chitsamba" ("khitchini yagolide", Russia) imapangidwa ndi mdf yokutidwa ndi enamel a mtundu ". Cholinga cha kubuluna cham'munsi chimapangidwa ndi oak cholembera pansi pa zotchinga mitengo
Zithunzi zatsopano, tchuthi chosankha (Glays-95 gle) Senosan acrylic pulasitiki (Senoplast, Austria). Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mipando yokwezeka, yadoleboli, mipando ya chipinda.
Mkati mwa mawonekedwe a minimalist discreser chovala chamakono chovala zovala zopanda phokoso. Amapangidwa ndi chitupolo, chokhala ndi pulopurtertiartiakulu (Italy), omwe amafotokoza kapangidwe ka nkhuni zofiira ndi malo owala. Ivneshne, ndipo pakhungu la pulasitiki Liri sikuti kulibe chilengedwe. Ali wokongola, wolimba, komanso wosazindikira
Kitchen mawonekedwe okhala ndi pepala lokongoletsera mapepala okhala ndi pulasitiki
Mapangidwe a mapepala okhala ndi pepala
A-Mchaka;
Mapepala okongoletsera a B;
Makatoni akhadi;
G-Pergamment
Kitchen anakamanga "medaya" (mipesa) amapangidwa ndi MDF ndipo yokutidwa ndi enamel a enamel okhala ndi chitsulo. Kugwiritsa ntchito tekinoloje yofananira mukapaka magalimoto
Zogulitsa zamakono mipando ndi zovuta kwambiri. Pali zinthu zambiri komanso zopindulitsa zapadera zomwe zimakhudzidwa. Sitili makumi angapo, koma kuchokera ku zosankha mazana angapo. Komabe, ogulitsa alaliki a salons, omwe amagwira ntchito wokongola, koma mawu osamveka, nthawi zambiri amangoyambitsa ntchito yopeza. Mwina, ife monga ogula ayenera kumvedwa pamiyala yonse yokhudzana ndi mbali inayo.
Kugula mipando nthawi zonse kumakhala chochitika. Katundu wabwino amatitumizira kwa zaka zingapo, ndipo nthawi zina zaka zambiri. Pakadali pano, kugawana ndi kuchuluka kwabwino, tikufuna kudziwa bwino zomwe zapangidwa, kunena, ngati zikhala zochititsa chidwi kwambiri kwa ngozi iliyonse yobisika idzachitika. Kupatula apo, mipando ya nduna imabala zinthu zosiyanasiyana. IVSE ali munjira imodzi kapena ina imakhudza katundu wake: Kuthandiza, kukhazikika, mwachilengedwe, mtengo wake.
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Mtengo wa Onl!
Poyamba, mipandoyo idapangidwa ndi mtengo. Maziko a zinthu zochulukirapo zimachitika pakupanga zinthu za kasitomala, ndipo tsopano mbale, mitengo yoonda, masamba oonda, utuchi, ulusi komanso fumbi.
Wa Makupala Miyala yolimba imapanga mipando yotsika mtengo komanso yotchuka. Kupatula kuli demokalase yambiri pamtengo wa mndandanda wazotengera zogwirizana komanso "zazikulu" zazikulu. Koma mosiyana ndi vutoli, matabwa angapo alibe kukana kusintha kwa kutentha ndi chinyezi, monga zikopa za mipando ndi zinthu zophatikizika (chipboard ndi MDF).
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Pulasitiki HPL Oberflex (France) yokhala ndi mawonekedwe okongoletsedwa achilengedwe
Zikopa za mipando Ndi mbale yomwe idasonkhana kuchokera ku mbale yamatabwa. Kutsimikizika kuchokera ku mtundu wa zomangamanga kuphatikizidwa ndi ming'alu yopanda tanthauzo komanso ming'alu, komanso imakhala ndi shrish yaying'ono.
Chipboard (Wood-chip) Ndinakhala zinthu zotsogolera popanga mipando kuyambira pakati pa zaka za zana la makumi awiri. Ndipo idalibe mpaka lero. Chipbodi cha tchipisi cha nkhuni chophatikizika ndi chomangira (phenol formaldehyde kapena amino-formaldehyde ma polima, nthawi zambiri amatchedwa remining), ndi njira yolimbikitsira yotentha. Ndi yolimba, yopanda madzi, yosavuta njira, zotsika mtengo. Pakutulutsa mipando gwiritsani ntchito mitundu ya zipboard. Amasiyana pakuchulukitsa, mapangidwe ogwiritsira ntchito omwe akukhudza kukhazikika kwa zinthu. Mwachitsanzo, mipando ya mipando yomwe ilipo yopukutidwa quad (Brand P - a) yokhala ndi ma counterprops atchlectures ndi mipando ya khitchini ndi mipando yopuma imapangidwa ndi chinyontho chokwezeka.
Wopikisana naye ndi Mdf. (Sing'anga ya fiberboard), kapena Mapulasitiki opanga matabwa . Amapangidwa ndi kukanikiza kutentha kuchokera ku ulusi wosweka nkhuni wosakanizidwa ndi zinthu zomangira. Mphepo za MDF poyerekeza ndi chipboard ndi mphamvu yayikulu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosangalatsa zachilengedwe) komanso wofooka zimayatsanso mphamvu yachinyezi, koma mtengo wake. Chifukwa cha nyumba yopanda homogeneous, mbale ya MDF ndiyotheka kuti zitheke kuwombera ndikupera, zomwe ndizofunikira pakupanga ziwalo zosema.
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PVC mafilimu a PVC LG nutrerex (Korea) ali ndi malo opangira chachikulu: monophonic; Malingaliro ndi gloss, mayi wa ngale, ulusi wagolide; Pansi pa mtengowo ndi velvet yokutidwa ndi ukalamba
Pakupanga makoma obisika a makabati obisika m'maso mwathu, zokongoletsera, zinthu zina zomwe sizinapangitse katundu wamkulu kubwera Mbale zotakasuka (fiberboard) , nthawi zambiri amatchedwa fakitale. Amapezeka kuchokera ku fumbi lamoto ndi njira yokhazikika (kuchokera ku tinthu tating'onoting'ono). Izi ndizotsika mtengo, koma zolimba. Zofananira zofanana ndi mipando yokwera kwambiri yopangidwa ndi plywood - ophatikizidwa pamodzi ndi mapepala angapo osokoneza bongo okhala ndi mawonekedwe a fibermer mu ma sheent. Kuphatikiza apo, gwiritsani ntchito mdf (3mmg), kubwereza zomwe zachitika.
Makalasi a zotupa za chipya
Zotsatira zoyipa kwa thanzi la anthu zimakhala ndi zinthu zokhotakhota, makamaka masinthidwe oyambira-formaldehyde. Kuweruza chitetezo zachilengedwe mipando kuchokera ku chiploboard kumathandizira makeke a mpweya E1, e2, e3. Amawonetsa mogwirizana malinga ndi Gost 10632-89 "Pulogalamu-Cip-Cip. Zida" zomwe zili zaulere za formaldehyde mu 100 g ya mbale yowuma kwambiri:
E1- mpaka 10 mg kuphatikiza - 8.5 mg, ndi kuchokera pa 01/01/09 izi zidzasinthidwa ndi 8 mg);
E2- oposa 10 mpaka 30 mg wophatikizika;
E3 - kupitirira 30 mpaka 60 mg.
Chipbodi cha zipya ndi gawo la E1 limasiyana mu ungwiro wa chilengedwe. Mapulogalamu okhala ndi gulu la Emissia E2 amaletsedwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mipando ya ana. Chiplodi ndi chipya cha E3 chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga. Mulingo wovomerezeka wambiri wa ma formaldehyde mu mpweya ndi 0.003 mg / m2.
Kugawana kwa Faceschy
Kwa mipando iliyonse, osati kokha cholimba komanso cholimba, komanso mawonekedwe okongola. Chifukwa chake, pafupifupi zida zonse za mipando zimafunikira kumaliza ntchito zowonjezera kapena zokumana nazo. Kuyang'anizana ndi chinthu chimodzi (chikopa cha mipando, MDF, Plywood IT.D.) kuphimba ena kusintha mawonekedwe, ogula ndi zina zomaliza.Pamwamba pa masitepe okhala ndi masitepe oyambira Makupala Oak, mtedza, yamatcheri, mahogany, bech. Kuphatikiza pa mtundu wokongola ndi mawonekedwe a nkhuni za mitundu ya mitundu iyi imakhala ndi mphamvu kwambiri komanso kukhazikika. Ndioyenera mipando ya kopita kulikonse. Avot "yofewa" ya pine ndiyofunika kwambiri kuchipinda chogona. Pamwamba nkhuni nthawi zambiri zimatetezedwa ndi zigawo zingapo za lacquer kapena gloewy.
Pabwino kwambiri mafashoni masiku ano oyenda kuchokera ku MDF (zochepa nthawi zambiri Chachikulu kwambiri kukhala ndi chilema. Nthawi zambiri amakongoletsa mipando yolemekezeka ya chipinda chogona ndi khitchini. Malo awo owoneka bwino, okhala ndi mawonekedwe amapezeka m'njira zosiyanasiyana: zokhala ndi zigawo zingapo za enclol gloss, zokutidwa ndi mafilimu a acryc amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi chiwongola dzanja. Mitundu yonse yolembedwa ndi mitengo yokwera mtengo kwambiri (ya 1M2 kuchokera ku ruble 2900. Ndipo pamwambapa), koma osati zothandiza kwambiri.
Manda kuchokera ku chipboard kapena mdf, yokhotakhota Kutseka (Matanda owonda adadula 0,2-1mm wandiweyani), kunjako sikusiyana ndi zinthu zambiri, koma demokalase yambiri pamtengo. Amakhala osaganizira kutentha ndi chinyezi kuposa mitengo yambiri, koma imafunikiranso malingaliro osamala kwambiri padziko lapansi. Imaphimbidwa ndi varnish.
CSN mtengo wamtengo wapatali (mtengo wa 1m2-700-900-900Rub.) Akuyenda kuchokera ku chipboard kuchokera ku chipboard ndi MDF, yokhala Mapepala oyikidwa . Khalidwe lofunika logula limaphatikizidwa kwambiri: kukana chinyezi chachikulu, makina komanso kutentha kwambiri, komanso zinthu zosiyanasiyana.
Chosangalatsa komanso chowoneka bwino cha maselo achuma kuchokera ku MDF, yokutidwa mafilimu a Thermoplastic pvc (Zochepa kwambiri polystyrene ndi ma acrylic oyang'anira). Mu zakuthupi ndi zamakina ndikukaniza kutentha, ndife otsika kwambiri poyang'ana, wokhala ndi pulasitiki-yoyikika. Koma wolemera wambiri wazomwe adalipo komanso mwayi wolekanitsa filimuyi, mitundu ndi mafayilo aliwonse a MDF yopumulayo imapanga mipando yofananira kwambiri. Mutha kupeza zigawo ndi 800-950 Rubles. Kwa 1M2, koma ndalama zabwinoko zimawononga ma ruble a 1300. Kwa 1M2.
Njira zotsirizira zopita ku chipboard ndi MDF, yokhala Mafilimu obwera Njira yosunthira ndikumamanja. Mtengo 1M2-500-600Rrub. Izi sizothandiza kwambiri pazokha za mipando yotsika mtengo. Gawo lawo pantchito zambiri za mitundu ina ndikuchepa pang'onopang'ono ndipo tsopano ndi pafupifupi 40%.
Mtundu wina wa zomaliza mipando Mtundu . Kuphatikiza apo, mtengo wa malekezero amatengera mtengo wa utoto ndi ma varnish ndi mizu mu 1100-3000 rubles. Kwa 1M2. Chifukwa chake, ena amangonena za kalasi ya premium, ena, ku kalasi yachuma. Tangoona kuti penti nthawi zambiri imakhala mbale za MDF, ndipo ngakhale zitakhala zopukutira zina. Mwa zinthu zatsopano zodula, zopakidwa utoto komanso zophimbidwa ndi mitundu ya varkish.
Zinsinsi za mawu
Mawu oti "gulu", "pvc filimu," utoto "," zojambula "kwa owerenga ambiri sayambitsa mavuto. Maganizo ena samveka kuti: "Phaptud ya pepala lotchedwa", "Pulogalamu Yojambulidwa papepala", "yosoka" ndi "Kumata" ndi "Kumata" ndi Mdf Wotchuka wa Chipbor ndi MDF. Tiyeni tiyesetse kuzimvetsa ndi inu.
Tiyeni tiyambe ndi mtundu wotsika mtengo kwambiri wamapepala. Ichi ndi pepala lokongoletsera chimodzi, chojambula chomwe nthawi zambiri chimapanga mawonekedwe a mtengowo. Dzinalo limakamba za kuzolowera. Pepala limaphatikizidwa ndi melaminlsildehyde kapena carbamide formaldehyde utomoni ndikuwuma. Nthawi yochepa kapena yothirira (polymerization). Zomwe zimachitika zimatchedwanso chopanga kapena chopangidwa (mwachiwonekere chifukwa chofanana ndi zojambula zachilengedwe).
Lingaliro la katswiri
Tikakhala mipando, nthawi zambiri timadziimba mlandu, koma zongonena zimalepheretsa wopanga. Mwachitsanzo, ndi boay yolimba kuchokera pamadzi, makamaka otentha kwambiri, chinthu chilichonse chodwala: komanso ndalama, komanso zachuma. Ziribe kanthu momwe malekezero adachitiridwira, madziwo adzalowa mkati mwa chiplodi, ndipo chitofu chimatupa. Zachidziwikire, izi ndi zovuta kwambiri, ndipo mipando sinapangidwe kuti igwire ntchito zina. Chipboard yofanana ndi yofanana ndi yosachepera.
Zochitika Zina: Zithunzi Zamagetsi: Kuyimirira pa makabati oundana, nthawi zambiri kumatulutsa mawonekedwe awo ndi otentha. Koma mawonekedwe, adalowa, tiyerekeze filimu ya PVC, kupirira kutentha kwa 70s, ndipo kutentha kwa ndege ya Steam kumafika zaka 90, ndipo filimuyo imatha nthawi ikapita kanthawi. Chifukwa chake, nyumba yachifumuyi iyenera kutsogoleredwa pansi pa extractor, kapena panja kuti nyumba ndi mipando yamilandu sizivulala.
M'mawu, samalani malamulo osavuta kwambiri ogwirira ntchito ndikusamalira zinthu zosiyanasiyana za mipando yosiyanasiyana imabweretsa kuvala kwawo.
Olga Ingelduva, Disenty Director for Commerce malonda Ogulitsa "EuroChem-1"
Pali njira ziwiri zowonera pamwamba pa chipbodi cha file-remin: kuyanjana ndikumasoka. Lamin Cipboard mu spiement squames ikugwiritsa ntchito kanema popanda utomoni wokhazikika. Pansi pa kutentha (140-160 s) ndi kukakamizidwa (2.5-2.8 MPA), gawo la utomoni limalekanitsidwa ndi pepalalo, kuphatikizapo ndi ndege. Gawo linalo limadutsa m'mwamba, ndipo pamtunda uwu, malo ogona a sitampu kuti imeze kapangidwe kake. Nthawi yokonza mbale imodzi ndi 30 s. Zotsatira zake za njirayi zimapezeka ndi zinthu zomaliza ndi polymerization wa utomoni, zotchedwa chipboard yotchedwa chipwirikiti, kapena LDSP. Nthawi zina mogwirizana ndi izi, mawu oti "mbaleyo" yolumikizidwa ndi filimu ya Melamine "(kapena yokutidwa ndi melamine), imagwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika, chifukwa ma rentin a Melamine mulibe, amakhala ndi Melamine.
Zifukwa zomwe zimawonekera dzinali ndi zingapo. Choyamba, chitofu chokhala ngati munjira imeneyi chimatchedwa MB-PLete (Melamin-rienbestete Plte). Mawuwo amatulutsa zopangidwa ndi opanga ena opanga, ngakhale kuti kapangidwe kake kamene kamapangidwe kotereku monga Melamine sikungakhale kopanda. Kachiwiri, kapangidwe ka zikuluzikulu za polymeric kumaphatikizapo ma rentins osiyanasiyana: Phenol formaldehyde, carbamide-formaldehyde, Melaminformildehyde. Koma anthu aku Russia amakhala ndi mawu oti "phenol" ndi "a formaldehyde" amachititsa zinthu zoipa, komanso "Melamine" - ayi. Ngati mungachepetse gawo lachiwiri la mawuwa, filimuyo ya Melamine (yokutidwa) imangokhala osazindikira. Tikudziwa: Zinthu za Melamine ndizovulaza komanso zowopsa kuposa phenol. Chifukwa chake, m'malo mwa phenol pa Melamine monga gawo la utomoni limangowonedwa bwino. Chifukwa chake zimapezeka kuti kupezeka kwa Melamine nthawi zonse kumakhala kuphatikiza, ngakhale zitangowoneka mumutuwo.
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Chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zachitika posachedwapa popanga mipando ndi zovala zamkati - zomwe zimakondweretsa m'moyo wabwino, zokongola, zowoneka bwino
Tiyeni titembenukire ku njira yachiwiri yolora mapepala okhala ndi mapepala okhala ndi chofunda chokwanira chogwiritsidwa ntchito. Pamwamba yemweyo ndi kuphatikizidwa ndikuphatikizidwa ndi varnish. Pambuyo pa njira izi, zokumana nazo zimatchula "filimu yomaliza" kapena "filimu yomaliza". Pali gawo lina la ntchito pamsika. Opanga ena amapanga pepala lapadera kuti azitha; Nthawi zambiri amakhala ophatikizidwa ndi matekeni ake. Ena amapanga chipboard ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mizere yolumikizirana ndi ndodo.
Mukamaponyera, chiptard chisanayambe kuyika zotsatsa zotsatsa, chimakhala ndi filimu yotumula. Njira yotsatsira imachitika pamtunda wotsika (110-130c) ndi kukakamizidwa (0,3-0.5 mp) kuyerekeza ndikumamanja. Njira yophatikizira imapezeka ndi pamwamba, maluso alusoanthu omwe (malingana ndi iwo akumbukiridwa ndi kukhazikika kwa zinthu) zotsika mtengo pa chipbodi). Amere yopangidwa kuchokera ku zinthu zofanana, zokwanira zogona kuposa makhitchini kapena ma Halweys ndi zinthu zovuta kwambiri.
Pulasitiki pulasitiki imabweza ...
Mawu oti "pulasitiki" kwa akatswiri omwe sakhala akatswiri ali ofanana ndi pulasitiki (kapena pulasitiki), ndiye kuti, nyumbayo yopanda utoto ndi filler. Opanga mipando ya AVOT pazifukwa zina zotchedwa pulasitiki zingapo za pepala (pamwamba pake zomwe zimakongoletsa), zolumikizidwa ndi nyimbo zosiyanasiyana za polymer (zikuluzikulu). Kukula kwa pepala-pulasitiki kogona ndi 0.15-2mm. Ili ndi nkhani yolimba, yolimbana ndi chinyezi chambiri komanso mankhwala. Kuphatikiza apo, ili ndi kutentha kwambiri (mpaka 140C) ndikuthamangira kwakanthawi mpaka 250c. Sizofanana ndi makulidwe a 0,4-0.9mgn chipbodi cha ziptrack Countertops. Mapulogalamu a MDF saphimbidwa ndi pulasitiki wotchedwa pepala: Zimabweretsa kukwera pamtengo wa zinthu, ndipo osati kukonza mipando. Zokongoletsa chiphunzitso, guluu lapadera la madzi limagwiritsa ntchito pulasitiki. Amagawana maziko ndi kuyang'anizana ndi njira yochitira kutentha ndi kukakamizidwa.
Kulankhula za mipando ya mipando ndi pulasitiki yotchedwa pilo, mawu ena oyambira "nthawi zambiri amadya. Iyi ndi njira yopezera mawonekedwe ozungulira, omwe amakhala ndi mbiri ya pulasitiki ya mbale ya chipboard. Mphepete mwa mbaleyo ndikung'amba, ndikupereka mbiri yosanja. Phulusa limalumikizidwa pansi pa mbale, ndikusiya "zotuluka", kenako pa zida zapadera zomwe zidatentha ndikuzipinda. Ndiye kuti, mawu oti "kupanga opanga" amatanthauza kuti atatha kugunda nkhope yomwe ili pansi pathyathyathya imapangidwa. Kupanga kwa post nthawi zina kumatchedwa mapepala okhala ndi mapepala, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga m'mphepete, ndipo zinthu zokhala ndi mipando yokhala ndi mipando yokongoletsera, ndipo zida za mapulasitiki opangidwa pambuyo pake.
Zinthu zazing'ono zazing'ono
Malonda azachuma amagwiritsa ntchito mlengalenga kutengera zolemba zophatikizika ndi ma polymer amangana (nthawi zambiri amatchedwa kuti melamine, womwe si wolondola kwathunthu). Amasiyana mu phale la utoto wolemera, wokhudzana ndi zokongoletsera za zokutira zazikulu, koma mapangidwe otsika a mano otsika, komanso mwala wamba.
Mphepete zotengera mapulaneti ndi okhazikika: Mphepete mwa pvc kuchokera ku polyvinyl chloride, absge ochokera ku ma acrylbutienstyresstyresstystren kuchokera ku polypropylene. Makulidwe awo ndi 0,4-1.2mm, ndipo nthawi zina zinanso. M'mphepete mwa mizimu yodula, chitsulo, mwala. Mtundu wosangalatsa kwambiri m'magazi ndi zotsatira za voliyumu ndizosangalatsa kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, a ABD ali pachilengedwe komanso ogwirizana kwambiri ndi zinthu zamakina.
Mafoda a Prempium mipando yogwiritsira ntchito matenda opatsirana mwachilengedwe okhala ndi makulidwe a 0,5-3mm kapena opangidwa kuchokera pamtanda.
Lamie ndi zonse zathu!
Muyeso wina umagwirizanitsidwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mawu oti "lomba". Kuphatikiza pa pansi pa pansi, tayitanitsa chipboard chipya, ndipo chipboard, chokhala ndi pulasitiki-pulasitiki. Kutsimikiza kwa lingaliro ili kumafotokozedwa ndi kusiyana komasulira mayiko (nthawi zambiri ku Germany). Chifukwa chake, pali mitundu iwiri yoyang'anizana ndi mapepala oyenda-mapepala: HPL ndi CPL.
Choyamba, HPL (yovuta kwambiri ya Lami-Nate), - mapepala okhala ndi pulasitiki (0,3-2 mm wandiweyani, nthawi zina zochulukirapo), zopezeka pamakina osindikizira. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga kuvala kwakutali kwa zinthu zapakhomo pazinthu zilizonse, zokongoletsera zamkati, komanso popanga zitseko.
Chachiwiri, CPL (kuponderezana kwamphamvu), - pulasitiki-mapepala, - opangidwa ndi njira yopitilira pa ritibon imakanikizika pang'ono. Ili ndi makulidwe osiyanasiyana (0.15-1.2mm) kuposa HPL, ndi zina zingapo. Makonso ogulitsa nthawi zambiri amatchula izi. Ngati mukuwona mosamala momwe cpl amapangidwira, mutha kuwona mawu omwe ali ndi mawu oti "lomba".
Kulimbana ndi Kusachita Zosavomerezeka kwa Malumilology, omwe amagwiritsa ntchito othandizira mipando, mipando mipando ndi ogulitsa mipando, zovuta. Chinthu chachikulu ndichakuti munthu amene amalankhula mawu oti "lomba" akhoza kufotokoza bwino tanthauzo lake. Apocupalatator amvetsetsa, akumuyeta kapena ayi.
Otsatsa zikomo kampani ya "Eurostart", "khitchini," khitchini yakale "," EKomeber "," EKomeber ", ma virconti, 1 EUROOCEM-1 EURCHORD HORT"