Magetsi mu ntchito ya anthu - zojambula zowonda, RCD, zowerengera, zojambula ndi kukhazikitsa.
Chitsanzo cha kukhazikitsa kwa magetsi ogulitsa nyumba: Locket yemwe ali mu Locker ndi "kubisala kuseri kwa nsalu", koma mwayi wofikira kulibe malire.
Popeza kupangidwa kwa chipilala chamagetsi kuyeretsa magetsi kumapita patsogolo ndi masitepe a 7. Lero sititanthauza moyo popanda magetsi. AVALA, kuwonjezera pa kutonthoza ndi zinthu zofunika, kumanyamula ndi kuwopseza. Chiwopsezo, choyambirira, chimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuthekera kukugonjetsani anthu kwa komweko, lachiwiri - ndi moto wochokera ku zida zamagetsi ndi kuwaza, osatchula kulephera kwa zida zapakhomo zotsika mtengo. Koma zonsezi zitha kupewe ngati lingasamale mosamala komanso panthawi yake.
Musaganize kuti magetsi osasamala okha ndi omwe amatha kukhala osamvana. Aliyense wa ife amatha kumenyedwa kuti ikhale yamagetsi yamagetsi, ndipo chifukwa cha izi sikofunikira kuti mukwere mu camshaft kapena sinthani mawaya. Kuwombera kosavuta ndikosavuta kupeza, kukhudza zida zapakhomo, firiji, makina ochapira.d. Ngati kusokonezeka kwa waya wonyamula kumeneku kumasweka, thupi lamagetsi lingasinthike. Sichimakhazikitsidwa, pokhudza chipangizochi, zidzakhala pafupifupi chida. Zimatanthawuza kuti mokonda chitetezo chamagetsi (ake omwe ndi nyumba zawo), choyamba pa zonse, samalani pansi.
Kachiwiri, kuchokera pakukula kwa ma netiweki chifukwa cha kuphatikizidwa kwa zida zamagetsi ndi madera ofupikirapo (izi ndizovuta kwambiri) ophwanya madera achikhalidwe amapulumutsidwa, ma progenitors omwe anali kupanikizana.
Pomaliza, funso lofunikira kwambiri ndilo momwe mungadzitetezere ku kuvulala kwambiri, ngati musokoneza wochititsa chidwi. Ndipo Mulungu aletse m'chipinda chonyowa. Ikak kupewa moto, womwe ndi zotsatira za kutayikira kwapano. Zida zapadera zodzitetezera (RCO) zimapulumutsa, zomwe zimazindikira kutaya pang'ono ndi kusokoneza magetsi onse kapena mawaya omwe ali ndi mawaya.
Zolemba pamwamba pa chipangizocho, matalala ndi otalika (popanda icho, kampani yamagetsi singatumize magetsi) yokhazikika pagawo lamagetsi lomwe limakhazikitsidwa pazanyumba zonse (kapena ma cell a Stair) ndi nyumba. Mtengo wa "kudzaza" lokoka pamalo okwanira nyumba ndi zida zamagetsi ndikusamalira thanzi lawo komanso thanzi lawo limatha kukhala madola mazana. Kusunga ndalama nthawi zambiri kumakhala kokwera mtengo kwambiri, kotero kuti m'nkhaniyi tinali kukudziwitsani ndalama zonse ndi zida zowopsa zamagetsi.
Dothi
Monga momwe talankhulirana kale, maziko a chitetezo chamagetsi chikuwoneka. Fayilo ya kanema pa chida chilichonse chopangidwira 220V, kukhala ndi nyali ya tebulo kapena TV, iyenera kufikiridwa ndi wochititsa atatu: Gawo, Zero ndi Kuteteza. Njirayi yazolowera kale komanso yowonjezerapo m'malo olumikizirana. Gawo la anitsi (l), kapena mu gawo logwiritsira ntchito, ndi wochititsa ntchito mu voliyumu ndikudyetsa ogula. Ndi yake yomwe ili ndi zero, mwanjira ina, kugwira ntchito zero (n), kapena "osalowerera". Protoctor yoteteza zoteteza, kapena "kuteteza realsembly" (re), amatsimikizira matratio. Kwa iye, monga lamulo, waya mu chikasu chowoneka ngati chikasu.Ngati nyumba yanu yamangidwa pambuyo mu 1998-1999, ndiye, makamaka, oteteza zero oteteza zero, kapena, monga "wapadera" akuti, ili ndi zero yoteteza. M'malo mwake, mawaya a m'mawere amayala kuchokera ku gulu logawika ku nyumba yanu: pa Kuwala - 2 mwa wochititsa, gawo ndi zero (L + N); Gululi pamatumba atatu a wochititsa (L + N + 3 PE); Gululi pa electroflit- 3 ya wochititsa (L + N + P). Ndiye kuti mawaya atatu ayenera kukhala otanuka, ndi zero ndi zoteteza (n ndi pe) palibe vuto lomwe sililumikizana ndi chidutswa wamba pa chishango.
Ngati mukukhala m'nyumba ya nyumba yoyambirira, zaka makumi asanu ndi awiri mphambu makumi asanu ndi atatu, zoteteza zire sizingakhale. Kusanja kolimba, pansi nkhuni, monga lamulo, zoyambira. Chifukwa chake, n'zovuta kuyitanitsa zamagetsi kuchokera ku Dhazi. Amadziwa bwino ngati malo odalirika ali chishango, ndipo ngati kuli kofunikira, amatha kutseka china chowonjezera pazenera, mwachitsanzo, kulumikiza makina ochapira.
Chifukwa chake, mu chipinda chamila ndi kukanidwa kwambiri kapena kuchepera. Opanga nyumba zawo amakhala ndi zomwe angathyola mitu yawo.
Monga lamulo, zoperekera nyumba zoterezi zimachitika kudzera mu mzere wamagetsi wa mzere wamphamvu, ndipo chishango mnyumbamo sichimachitika (ndipo izi ziyenera kuchitika!). Kuphatikiza apo, gwiritsani ntchito zero yomwe ikubwera N-Lochititsansonso ngati Pudoctor Pertictor ndiovomerezeka. Mzere wopatsira mpweya womwe umasweka (mwachitsanzo, mtengo unagwa) zero (n) ukhoza kukhala pansi magetsi. Kenako mtengo wowonera womwewo umawonekera pa woteteza wotetezapo woteteza pabanja. Zida zamagetsi zolumikizidwa zimalumikizidwa), komanso ku chitetezo zimasanduka zoopsa! Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kukhala pagombe. Kodi chofunikira ndi chiyani pamenepa?
Choyamba, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zachilengedwe zachilengedwe zomwe zimatha kukhala:
Mapaipi a madzi atayala ndi zitsulo zina zachitsulo, kupatula mapaipi amwazi oyaka, mpweya wophatikizika ndi wophulika ndi zosakaniza, zowotcha;
mapaipi abwino;
Zomangira zitsulo komanso zolimbitsa ma comerete zomangira ndipo zomangamanga zakukhudzana ndi dziko lapansi.
Ngati mwayi wake ndi, ndibwino kuti muchotse. Kuchotsa kumakhala kokha pogwiritsa ntchito kuwotcherera, gawo lofunikira lokhalo la mtanda limaperekedwa. Kulunjika wochititsa nthaka amagwiritsa ntchito zitsulo zokhala ndi mtanda osachepera 48mm2 ndi makulidwe osachepera 4mm kapena chipilala chocheperako kwa alumali sichochepera 2.5mm. Mzere kapena ngodyayo imayikidwa m'chipindamo pomwe mapende yotsika ndi chingwe chachitsulo ndi gawo la 8mm2 ndi makulidwe osachepera 3mm. Njira ina: Bolt imawombedwa kwa mzere (kona), wochititsa thupi wa mkuwa umaphatikizidwa ndi (kuyambira 2.5mm2), zomwe zingateteze.
Ngati nyumbayo ili ndi matanda, ndipo kulibe mapaipi, kapena zitsime, muyenera kupanga zinthu zolengedwa. Ili ndi ntchito yovuta kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, iyenera kuponyera dothi lalikulu, lidzakhala lofunikanso kuchititsa kuwerengera ndi miyeso ya kukana kwamagetsi kwa nthaka m'malo mwake. Ntchito zonsezi ndibwino kupatsa akatswiri oyenerera.
Bungwe la nthaka yoteteza ndi gawo loyamba lopereka chitetezo chamagetsi cha anthu ndi nyumba. Gawo lotsatira mu bungwe loteteza limatha kukhala ophwanya madera, kapena, monga momwe amatchedwa kangapo, Automataa.
Zotupa zokha
Poyamba, tikuwona kuti zikuluzikulu, ziwata, magetsi, zowerengera ndi zida zamagetsi zambiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'makampani osiyanasiyana. Timangoyimbira ena mwa iwo: Abb, AEG, Kop, Jaeger-Jameger Elector, SchGendy), "Astro-Uzo) Idr.
| Kupanga | code ya vendor | Kuchuluka kwa mitengo | Adavotera pano, ndipo | KZ Yapano, KA | Mtengo, pakani. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abb. | S231RC16. | Mtengo umodzi | khumi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi | 4.5 | 129. |
| Legrand. | 6019. | Sitolo 2 Otsatira (L + N) | khumi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi | 6. | 302.6 |
| 604805 lr | Mtengo umodzi | khumi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi | 6. | 110. | |
| Schneirder yamagetsi | Se 24403 ambiri 9 | Mtengo umodzi | khumi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi | 6. | 199. |
| Siemens. | 5S11700KA10. | Mtengo umodzi | khumi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi | 4.5 | 125.. |
| "Interelectroclekt" | Kusintha Kwachangu | Mtengo umodzi | khumi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi | 4.5 | 45.5. |
| AEG | Kusintha Kwachangu | Mtengo umodzi | khumi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi | 6. | 129. |
| Busch-Jaeger Electorro | Hager MS140. | Mtengo umodzi | 40. | 6. | 107. |
| Chinyezi | RCD. | Mtengo umodzi | khumi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi | 6. | 130. |
Ophwanya madera (a Autota) - chipangizo chodziwika bwino komanso chodziletsa. Adapangidwa kuti ateteze unyolo kuchokera kudera lalifupi ndi kuchuluka kochulukirapo. Anasinthanso mikwingwirima yotayika ya mavalidwe otulutsa magetsi - zaka 20-30 zapitazo. Masiku ano, ma aumake anali ndi gawo lapadera, lomwe limachita mwachindunji ndi madera amagetsi.
Ambiri mwa ophwanya malamulo amakono omwe amaperekedwa pamsika waku Russia amaphatikizidwa. Ali ndi kumasulidwa kwa electromagnetic ndipo kumatha kuteteza nthawi yomweyo ku zokolola zaintaneti, ndipo kuchokera kumabwalo (KZ). Kutulutsidwa kwa electromagnetic ndi ma electromaagnet otha kuteteza unyolo kuyambira nthawi yochepa pomwe zomwe zikuchitika nthawi yomweyo zimawonjezera zovuta, kagulu ka mgulu. Makinawo ayenera kuyimitsa unyolo kuti ukhale pafupifupi 0,0 masekondi. Kumasulidwa kwamafuta - bimmalic mbale, ndikusintha mawonekedwe atatenthedwa. Izi zimachenjeza zochulukirapo, limodzi ndi kuwonjezanitsa kofunikira kwa omwe amachititsa kuti awombo awo anyalanyaze. Makina okhala ndi makina otere okhala ndi katundu wopitilira mtengo wa nomwel ndi 13% amayenera kuyimitsa unyolo kwa ola limodzi.
Kodi chiopsezo cha zamagetsi zamagetsi ndi chiyani komanso zotsatira za kugonjetsedwa kwa iwo?
Kuopsa kwa kuwonekera kwamagetsi kumadalira zinthu ziwiri:
nthawi yamakono kudutsa thupi laumunthu;
Mphamvu zaposachedwa.
Izi sizolumikizana wina ndi mnzake, zamagetsi zidzakhala zokulirapo kapena zochepa, kutengera mtengo wa aliyense wa iwo.
Kuyesa kuchuluka kwa zoopsa, makonzedwe a kusintha kwa magawo awiriwa amtengo wapatali ndi nthawi yowonekera. Zithunzi zikuwonetsedwa m'chithunzichi.
Malo owopsa chifukwa cha anthu kutengera ndi zolimbitsa thupi zamakono:
AC1 nthawi zambiri sachita;
AC2- Palibe zoopsa zathupi;
Matenda a acythy osinthika a acthth akuwonjezeka ndi nthawi yowonjezereka;
Zophwanya a Ac4- Zovulazidwa, monga Mtima Wochedwa, kupuma, kuwotcha kwambiri.
Mtengo wazovuta zamakono kudzera m'thupi la munthu umawerengedwa motere: ndikukhudza mwachindunji kwa magawo aposachedwa pa voliyumu ya anthu pafupifupi 220v, omwe amafanana ndi 1000 ohms (ndi mtundu wosavomerezeka kwambiri munjira yoyenda / phazi). Kenako zomwe zilipo pano zimapezeka zofanana ndi 220 ma. Uwu ndi wamagetsi wamagetsi, amafuna kuchipatala mwachangu.
Kutengera ndi kuyankha, ophwanya madera amagawidwa m'magulu: B, C ndi D. kuteteza ma network mu nyumba, popeza ali pa chilengedwe chonse ndipo amapangidwira maoru aboma, omwe alipo nthawi 5-10 pamwamba pa zomwe zidavotera. Makina a gululi amathanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'magawo omwe amadyetsa magetsi, mapampu.d. Nthawi zambiri m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, gulu lokhazikika la B limagwiritsidwa ntchito. Amapangidwa ndi mafunde, nthawi 3-5 zokulirapo kuposa mtengo wa mwadzina, ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagetsi.
Zipangizo zamagulu onsewa zimapangidwa ndi mtengo wa 6, 10, 13, 16, 25, 25, 25, 50, 40, 50, 50 ndi 63a. Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti mtengo wa mwadzina mwa makinawo umasankhidwa kutengera katundu wovomerezeka ya omwe akuchititsa. Ndiye kuti, makalata a mawonekedwe a makinawo ndi magawo a omwe amachititsa mphamvu atha, omwe amapezeka mu polojekiti yamagetsi ya nyumbayo kapena nyumba.
Pali osakwatiwa, awiri- ndi atatu-polo. Woyamba kutsegulira gawo la gawo (mawaya pansi pa magetsi), ndipo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu nyumba ndi nyumba. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mtengo wa awiri, zomwe sizimaletsedwa osati gawo lokha, komanso zero waya. Atrech-, makina anayi-poti amapangidwira chingwe cha magawo atatu ndi voliyumu ya 380V, pomwe ma aya atatu a phala amadzitchinjiriza mu chingwe chimodzi, zilombo chimodzi ndi choteteza.
Vuto lokhazikika - kugwiritsa ntchito makina omwe ali ndi zomwe zimayambitsa kwambiri. Kwenikweni, sicholakwika ngakhale cholakwika, koma kuphwanya. Mwachitsanzo, m'nyumba yakale yokhala ndi lungula lakuda, malo ogulitsira amateteza makina ku 10A, ndipo mwini nyumbayo amapeza ketulo yamakono yamagetsi ndi kumwa kwa mphamvu ya 2.2 ndikuphatikiza. Chikuchitikandi chiyani? Makina amagwira ntchito. Mwiniwake, sakuganiza, amasintha makinawo kwa ena, omwe ali ndi ntchito yapamwamba - pa 16a, kenako pa 25a (chiyani). Pambuyo pake, "kugogoda" makinawo sadzakhala. Koma maukonde omwe poyamba sanapangidwe kuti mafunde ngati amenewa ayambe kugwira ntchito ndi kuchuluka kwakukulu. Ochitapo kanthu adzachulukitsa. Ngati muli ndi mwayi, wophwanya dera udzagwira ntchito ngati, chifukwa cha kusungunuka kwa mawaya, dera lalifupi lidzachitika. Ngakhale moyo umawonetsa kuti m'milandu ngati imeneyi umalowa m'magulu amoto.
Mitundu yamakono ya Automata imalumikizidwa ndi njanji yotchedwa did Shiel, yomwe ndi ya 35mm m'lifupi basi, yomwe imagwirizana ndi muyezo wogwirizana padziko lonse lapansi. Gawo la grone makina oterewa limatuluka (ndikusamuka kale) zida zakale zomwe zimayikidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zomangira.
Monga tanena kale, Automata, Choyamba, pewani maunyolo amagetsi kuti atuluke. Mafunde aposachedwa omwe masinthidwe amawerengedwa - kuyambira 6 mpaka 100A. Kumvera munthu kwa wochititsa pansi pa voliyumu 220V ndi kusokonezeka kwa mpango koteroko sikungachitike. Ngati kukana thupi la munthu kumadzipangira kuti atengedwe ofanana ndi 1000 ohms (pomwe akutuluka kale), ndiye kuti kudutsamo thupi kumangopezeka kofanana ndi 220 ma. Kwa munthu, iyi ndi yamagetsi yamagetsi, makinawo samazindikira kufunika kwake ngati madera osawerengeka ndi maderawo sazimitsa. Chifukwa chake, kuteteza munthu kuwonongeka mwangozi pa zamagetsi zamakono, chipangizo china chofunikira - ndi chida choteteza.
Zoteteza zodzikongoletsera ndi makina osiyanasiyana
Kukhazikitsa kwawo mwachangu kunayamba m'masiku makumi asanu ndi awiri azaka zana zapitazi, makamaka ku mayiko a ku Europe, ku Japan ndi United States. Mpaka pano, wopapatiza m'modzi wa magetsi odziwika bwino, omwe samangotsimikizira chitetezo cha munthu kuchokera ku magetsi, komanso amatha kuthawa kumoto ndi moto chifukwa cha zida zamagetsi ndi zamagetsi. Munjira zambiri, makampani a inshuwaransi akuwunika chiopsezo kudziwa kuti kudziwa kuchuluka kwa inshuwaransi kumayenera kuwerengera zida zotetezera ndi mawonekedwe awo aukadaulo.| Kupanga | Mtundu | Kuchuluka kwa mitengo | Adavotera pano, ndipo | Kusiyanitsa Pakalipano, ma | Mtundu | Mtengo, pakani. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abb. | DS 941 C25. | 1p + N. | 25. | makumi atatu | Ac | 1798.5 |
| Legrand. | 7886. | 1p + N. | khumi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi | makumi atatu | Ac | 1407. |
| Se 19665 zinthu 9 | 1p + N. | khumi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi | makumi atatu | Ac | 1936. | |
| Sshneirve magetsi. | E 11474 "Nyumba" | 1p + N. | 25. | makumi atatu | Ac | 1427. |
| Siemens. | 5su1353kv16. | 1p + N. | khumi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi | makumi atatu | Ac | 1075. |
| 5su1353kv40. | 1p + N. | 40. | makumi atatu | Ac | 1075. | |
| Chinyezi | Msv | 1p + N. | khumi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi | makumi atatu | Ac | 1669. |
| Busch-Jaeger Electorro | Hager Ad007a | 1p + N. | khumi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi | makumi atatu | Ac | 829. |
| Kupanga | Mtundu | Kuchuluka kwa mitengo | Adavotera pano, ndipo | Kusiyanitsa Pakali pano, ma | Mtundu | Mtengo, pakani. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abb. | F 362. | Awiri-mtengo | 25. | makumi atatu | Ac | 1198.5 |
| F 372. | Awiri-mtengo | 25. | makumi atatu | Koma | 1866.7 | |
| Legrand. | Rr 602 136. | Awiri-mtengo | 25. | makumi atatu | Ac | 876. |
| 8909. | Awiri-mtengo | 25. | makumi atatu | Ac | 990. | |
| Schneraider. | Se 11450. | Awiri-mtengo | 25. | makumi atatu | Ac | 906. |
| Siemens. | 5S1310. | Awiri-mtengo | 25. | makumi atatu | Ac | 938. |
| Chinyezi | RCD. | Awiri-mtengo | 25. | makumi atatu | Ac | 1243. |
Zowonjezera zimapezeka pa intaneti, kuwerengetsa magetsi awiri ovotera (mtengo wogwira mphamvu yamphamvu, yomwe mphamvu ya chipangizocho imatsimikiziridwa) - 220 ndi 380v, komanso mafunde mwadzina mu 6; khumi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi; 25; 40; 63; 80; 100; 125A, ndi chipangizo chiti chomwe chingadumphe nthawi yayitali. Mwachidziwikire, kusankha kwa chipangizocho pathanthwe kumatengera momwe magetsi mumayilesi anu amapangidwira pamaneti anu, pomwe omwe adavoteredwa amatsimikiziridwa ndi mphamvu zomwe zidali m'manja mwa nyumba yotetezedwayo. Kuwerengera komwe kumwa kwamphamvu kunaperekedwa mu "Ndondomeko ya Mphamvu ya Home Mphana".
Kusanjana kwa mwadzina komwe kuli kofunikira kwambiri kwa wogula makina otetezedwa. Zoyimira stash tikulankhula za mphamvu ya kutaya kwamakono, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chitseko cha udo pansi pake (0.006; 0.01; 0,5; 0,5a). Ndiye kuti, pomwe kumiza kumeneku kumachitika, unyolo nthawi yomweyo umachotsa. Pa zipinda zonyowa, nyumba yoyera, bafa ndi shafa, ngati mzere wosiyana ndi iwo, ndikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito rcd ndi 10 Masegegerpano. Milandu yowonjezereka, ngakhale kwa misewu yamsewu, imaloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito RCD ndi ntchito ya ntchito ya 30 ma. Payokha, kuti muwonjezere mulingo wotetezedwa kumoto polowa munyumba kapena nyumba ya payekha, akatswiri amalimbikitsa kukhazikitsa RCD ndi ntchito yamakono 300 ma.
Kudalirika komanso mtundu wa Uzo kumatsimikiziridwa ndi madera achidule omwe - 3000, 4500, 10,000, 10,000a (gawo ili nthawi zina limatchedwa "kukana mafunde aboma aboma"). Chokwera mtengo wake, chida chanu chosinthika chokhazikika chidzakhala.
Mfundo yoyang'anira uzo.
Ngati kutaya kumachitika, komwe kumapezeka pachiwopsezo chachikulu kumachitika (popeza mafunde omwe alipo kale pa zomwe adachita n ndipo siofanana ndipo minda yawo siyikulipiritsa). Mtengo waposachedwa umayesedwa ndi kuvomerezedwa ndi kusiyana kwa K2. Pamene khomo linalake, cholumikizira chimasokoneza unyolo.
Chipangizo chosiyanitsa (Uzo) chimafananira ndikuyenda mu waya wa phazi (kwa electrospode), ndikuyenda kumene kudzera "osalowerera" (kuchokera ku malo opanga magetsi). Pankhaniyi pamene mpweya wa mafunde uwu umafika pamtengo wowopsa, chipangizocho chimayimitsa magetsi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngati munthu abwera waya kapena wamagetsi olakwika komanso kudzera mu "dziko lapansi" padziko lapansi, kusiyana kwakukulu (kutayikira) kumawonekera. Chipangizocho chimayambitsa ndipo chimayimitsa unyolo wamagetsi. Ndipo nthawi yogwira ntchito ya Uzo ndi yaying'ono kwambiri kotero kuti yomwe ilipo sikhala ndi nthawi yowononga thanzi.
Pali mitundu iwiri ya zida zosokoneza: AC ndi A. Kusiyana pakati pa zida izi kumodzi komwe kumawonekera pamaneti okhudzana ndi zida zapakhomo. Aalama Udo ali ndi mawonekedwe apadera pa nyumba ya sinuloid mu rectangle. Imakhala yovuta kutanthauzira (siyoisidal) Kutulutsa kwaposachedwa, pomwe makina ochapira ndi osinthika, ojambula, makompyuta, kuwongola ndi sinuloid ndipo ndi magwero a pompopompo. Kusintha kwa mtundu wa Uzo mtundu wa ACS kumataya chidwi cha AC chimataya chidwi, chomwe chimatanthawuza kuti kuthekera koteteza munthu kuti abwerere zotupa. Apa, lembani zida zomwe zimachitika mu zosinthika ndi kuwonongeka kwa mafunde (mafunde amphamvu ndi chinthu chosasinthika). Uzozo woterowo ndi wokwera mtengo kuposa mtundu wa uzo, ndi 20-50%, koma pamagulu a zifanizo, komanso magulu a mabwalo, ndikofunikira kuzigwiritsa ntchito.
Zida zotetezera zamtundu uliwonse (AC ndi A) za kusiyanasiyana kwa svairication s (kusankha) kapena zopangidwa mwanjira. Kuphedwa s (lembani ac kapena ac) amatanthauza kuchedwa nthawi. Ntchito mukamafunikira kupereka nthawi yowonjezera yoyankha zinthu zina zoteteza kapena zam'madzi.
Mutha kuyang'ana ntchito ya Uzo wokhazikitsidwa kumene ndikudina batani la "mayeso", omwe ali pachimake chakutsogolo kwa zida zambiri (kuwonjezera pa wotseka wotseka). Mukadina batani ili, kusiyanitsa komwe kumapangidwa. Ngati Uzo ali bwino, ziyenera kuzimiririka. Opanga zoterezi amalimbikitsidwa pamwezi. Pambuyo pa yunifolomu ndi mavuto ayambitsidwa, chipangizocho chimabweretsedwanso mu ntchito yolumikizirana.
Zipangizo zoteteza zotetezedwa zimatha kukhazikitsidwa mu chipinda chogawana cha omwe alipo kale nyumbayo, chida chimodzi chokhala ndi mphindi 30 nyumba zonse. Njira iyi ndi yotsika mtengo, koma osalola kudziwa malo a kutayikira, ndipo kuwonjezera apo, pamene RCD imayambitsidwa, nyumba yonse itatsalira popanda kuwala. Chosankha chopita patsogolo kwambiri, momwe zimamveka zolimbana, ndikukhazikitsa zida zingapo zoteteza ku mizere imodzi. Kuwombera kumagawidwa nthambi zodziyimira pawokha kutumikila magulu ambiri ogula. Mwachitsanzo, ndizotheka kukhala osiyana ndi izi: Nthambi za aliyense payekha pa gulu la makamwa, kuyatsa, pa gulu la magalimoto amphamvu (chitofu chamagetsi), nthambi yamagetsi pabafa ndi kusamba.
Gulu lirilonse liyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi wobvuliletsa dera ndi Uzo. Kuti muchite izi, gulu lirilonse lizikhala lodziyimira pawokha (kuyambira kutchire yogawa) ya waya (1 mpaka 220V kapena 3 mpaka 380V), osalowerera N ndi 380V. Kukhalapo kwa waya wapadera, monga talankhula kale, kumawonjezera kuchuluka kwa chitetezo.
Ndi izi, ndizotheka kuzindikira kwathunthu chitetezo kapena chosankha, mfundo ya zomwe muyenera kudziwa molondola kachipangizo kameneka katithandizira, ndikungozimitsa. Makina osayina (mwadzinal) omwe alipo) chilichonse chotsatira kuchokera ku magetsi kunyumba amasankhidwa ku gawo lomwe lili pansipa (kapenanso zochepa), koma sichingakhale china! Mwanjira ina, ngati Uzo, wopangidwira kutaya kwamasiku 30 a Mai, ndiye kuti uzo, uzingiridwe, makina ochapira kapena ochapira pamtengo, ayenera kuwerengedwa pa 10 kapena 6 ma. Izi zikakwaniritsidwa m'zochitika zovuta, chipangizo choteteza chidzachitidwa, pafupi ndi tsamba lolakwika. Mwachitsanzo, malo osakanikirana mu chitofu chamagetsi amagwira ntchito yoyendetsa magetsi m'magetsi. Mizere ina yonse, kuphatikiza kuyatsa, imakhala yokhazikika. Kuteteza chinthu chisanachitike, chitsimikiziro kuti chikhale choyambirira, Uzot wakhazikika pa chipangizo choyambira-cashaft, chochita ndi nthawi yayitali (pafupifupi 0.1-0.5) kuphedwa kwa S-Cament.
Akuteteza ku Mafunde osintha, RCD ili ndi luso lopapatiza ndipo palibe njira yomwe ingasinthire kubereka dera. Kutetezedwa Kupitirira Kuchulukitsa kapena Dera lalifupi ndi wophwanya madera achitetezo, omwe ayenera kukhazikitsidwa kuti ateteze magetsi kuteteza gawo lamagetsi ndi chida chosiyana chokha. Mwachitsanzo, uzo ndi ma nomwenal ogwiritsira ntchito pano a 25a ayenera kutetezedwa ndi makina, omwe alibe zoposa 25a.
Pofuna kuti musagule ogwiritsa ntchito ma automa osiyanasiyana komanso uzo, opanga apanga ndi kutulutsa zida zowonjezera ndi chitetezo chochepa komanso choletsa chochuluka. Uku ndi mtundu wa wosakanizidwa wa wophwanya dera ndi uzo. Chitsanzo cha zida zoterezi chitha kukhala mndandanda wa magawo ambiri kuchokera ku schnerairler, rcd kuchokera ku Kop, DS 941 kuchokera ku Abb, komanso zida zobwereketsa. Ndipo chomaliza chimakhala ndi matumba apulasitiki owoneka bwino kuti achotsere unyolo wotetezedwa. Kupezeka kwa magalimoto pamsika kumasintha kwambiri moyo wa ogula omwe tsopano saganizira za kutsutsana kwa magawo a magetsi a Uzo ndi Basion.
Ogwiritsa ntchito amatsegula gawo lamagetsi akamadziwika ndi chilichonse mwa zinthu zitatuzi:
madera akufupikitsira (zogwirizana ndi pakati ndikuyankha);
onjezerani mbale zamakono (bimemalic distes zimayambitsa);
Kutulutsa kosiyanasiyana kwapano (pankhaniyi, magneoelectic kutulutsidwa).
2. Kulumikiza chinthu cha zero ochita opaleshoni
3. Kulumikiza gawo la zodzikongoletsera za zero
4. Uzo kuti muzule pakali pano 30 ma
5. Kusintha kwangozi
6. RCD pa kutaya kwamakono 10 ma
7. Mita yamagetsi
8. Mizere ya maunyolo
Chitetezo ku mabingu ndikuwongolera zopitilira muyeso. Amataya
Kuchulukitsa kumapangitsa kuti magetsi a nonsels, mphamvu yamagetsi imalumpha pomwe mphezi (ikhoza kufika 15 kV). Zowopsa ndipo, chifukwa cholephera, zida ndi zida, moto ungachitike pa intaneti motsatira:Mphamvu yachindunji ya zotupa zapamwamba zapamwamba, pamalingaliro owunikira mwachindunji, pali zinthu zofunika kwambiri.
Kuwombera mwachindunji nthawi imodzi. Zimatha kuyambitsa zopitilira mtunda kuchokera patali kuchokera kwamita mazana angapo makilomita angapo kuchokera ku mphezi. Kufalitsa Maulamuliro, kumapambuka, chikakamizo chopitilira muyeso chimagwera mkati mwa nyumba ndikuwonetsa zida zamagetsi.
Kupukusa mphezi pansi. Opaleshoni yolud yopanga yochititsa ikuyenda imatha kufalikira kudzera pansi.
Kulowa kwa ntchito yamagetsi yamagetsi (mu okwera okwera nyumba ,.D.D.D.D) akhoza kuwonekera pa intaneti ya nyumba zamagetsi zopezeka zopanda pake.
Kuchulukitsa pakati pa mphamvu zamphamvu ndi dziko lapansi kumatha kuletsa chitetezo chamagetsi. Zowonjezera zomwe zidachitika pakati pa wochititsa ndi "osalowerera" zida zamagetsi zamagetsi (zida zamavidiyo ndi makompyuta). Pankhaniyi, mlandu umachotsa chitseko chotetezera pomwe mphamvu ya mphamvu imapitilira mu netiweki. Zipangizo zomwe zimaloleza zotsekemera zotere zimatchedwa ompopompo (kapena okhazikika ozungulira). Ntchito yayikulu yotulutsa ndikukakamiza kuti ikhale yopingasa pansi, chifukwa chake, munkhani ya chipangizo, ndizotheka kulumikiza wochititsa ndi gawo la mtanda kuchokera ku 10mm2 kapena kupitilira. Zovalazo zimayikidwa nthawi yomweyo kuphwanya mawu oyambira ndipo ndizofunikira kulumikizidwa ndi "dziko lapansi" la magetsi.
Zovala zonse zili ndi chisonyezo chogwiritsira ntchito. Pambuyo pa oyambitsa kapena awiri (mphezi), chipangizocho kuchokera ku ABB ndi Schneider chikuyenera kubwezeretsanso, chomwe chidzawonetsa chisonyezo cha chitsogozo cha gawo lakutsogolo. Kuphunzira kuchokera pa milanduyi, zida zowoneka bwino zimakhala ndi maziko ndi gawo logwirira ntchito. Izi ndizothandiza kwambiri kwa anayi omwe ali pa intaneti yopangidwa ndi 380V (kutetezedwa ndi magawo atatu ndikulunga kulowa), chifukwa ndizotheka kusintha imodzi mwa ma module anayi.
Pakati pa zida za Russia, zotchinga za mtundu wa opn-12 / 0.4 mwa kampani "Astro-Uzo" amadziwika. Kuwerengedwa kwaposachedwa kwambiri mpaka 10 kha ndi voltage mpaka 1200V, amalola kuchepetsa zolimbitsa thupi moyenera zomwe sizikuwonongeka kwa zida zamagetsi.
Upangiri Wothandiza
Osamapulumutsa wochititsa. Chosankhidwa bwino (waya) kuchokera mkuwa sudzalepheretsa zodabwitsa zilizonse, zaka 50 zomwe mungagone bwino.
Ndizosavomerezeka kuti mulumikizane mwachindunji mkuwa ndi aluminiyamu, gwiritsani ntchito mapepala okwera.
Simungasunge zida zoteteza. Makina abwino, makina ozungulira kapena osiyanasiyana sangawonongeke kotsika mtengo.
Pewani kulumikiza magetsi angapo magetsi pansi pa screw (mwachitsanzo, mu mita).
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mapepala atatu a magawo atatu a zida zamagetsi, ziro zogwirira ntchito zimayenera kuphatikizidwa ndi gawo lililonse.
Ndikosatheka kulola kusweka mu msewu waukulu. Maulalo onse ayenera kuchitidwa mofananamo, osawononga mzere waukulu.
Mawu ochepa okhudza magetsi
Monga lamulo, opanga zachilendo omwe amapanga zida zokulitsira sitimayo ayenera kuphatikizidwa ndi zida zamagetsi zamagetsi - ammeters, matrotetes ndi zowerengera zamagetsi. Komabe, musanagule mita yamagetsi yomwe ikukumana nayo, ndikofunikira kuti mutengere othandizira magetsi - "Kugulitsa Magetsi" kuvomerezedwa kukhazikitsidwa kwa nyumba yanu kapena m'nyumba. Maulendo azaka zonse zomwe zalembedwa kumene zimalowa malire a bungwe lotere, limawononga ndalamazo, limatenga maudindo okonza, ndiye kuti mitundu yonse ya magetsi, imayenera kutsimikiziridwa, imayenera kutsimikiziridwa ndipo pokhapokha mutatha kumaliza ntchito yake ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mugwiritse ntchito.Mitambo yamagetsi yamagetsi "(ku Moscow), Lamz (St. Petersburg), chomera cha Mytima chikuyimiridwa pamsika. Amapezeka pamtengo ndipo amakwera pachishango mu njira yachikhalidwe - pa zomata. Koma lero ma module adayikidwa pa njanji yodziwika bwino. Zingakhale zofunikira kwambiri kukhala ndi mita yamagetsi kuti ikhazikike pa njanji yotsimikizika ya Dan 2902 Delta, yomwe apangire ku Moscow Chomera "Metronow". Ndikufuna kudziwa kuti pakati pa magetsi magetsi aku Russia adayikidwa pa njanji. Izi, tiyeni tinene mtundu umodzi wa CE 6807 B-1 ndi gawo limodzi la magawo atatu a gawo 6807 b-2 stavpol chomera "Mphamvu".
| Kupanga | Mtundu | Kaonekeswe | Mtengo, pakani. |
|---|---|---|---|
| Avv. | B 531 D. | Utoto "aluminium" ndi chimango cha penti | 8601. |
| Stj bl 514 d | Utoto "anteracite chitsulo" | 1950. | |
| B 532 D. | Mzere pakhomo | 8754. | |
| B 533 D. | Utoto "burgundy salllic" ndi chimango chojambula | 2158. | |
| Schneraider. | Se 10331. | Opaque, nyumba ya nduna ya nduna " | 207.6 |
| E 10305. | Zowonekera, kwa nyumba yolumikizira " | 207.6 |
| Kupanga | Mtundu | Kaonekeswe | Mtengo, pakani. |
|---|---|---|---|
| Avv. | Dan 2502. | Awiri-Aamsing 2, 220/400 v (65 a) | 12943. |
| Dan 2902. | Singletaritic, kalasi 2, 220/400 v (65 a) | 10200. | |
| Lamzz | Ndi-505 | Gawo limodzi, gawo limodzi, gulu la 2, 10-40 A | 645. |
| Co-ee6706 | Gawo limodzi-sitsitsani kusokonekera, kalasi 2, 10-40 A, Wowonekera | 645. | |
| "Enermomer" | CE 68 07 B | Pa njanji, gawo limodzi, gawo limodzi, 5-50 a | 1260. |
| CE 6803v. | Pa njanji, gawo lachitatu, osadziwika, 10-100 a | 2628. | |
| Fakitale ya mytimashinskyky | CE 6807 B-1 | Gawo limodzi, gawo limodzi, gulu la 2, 50 a | 975. |
| CE 6807 B. | Gawo limodzi, gawo la awiri, kalasi 2, 50 a | 1178. | |
| Ca4-I678. | Gawo limodzi, gawo limodzi, 50-100 a | 2309. |
Zikopa zogawa
Ndipo tsopano, potsiriza, tinafika ku nthawi yomwe njira yachitetezo cha Great Wamphamvu yamphamvu yasankhidwa kale, ma module onse oteteza adagulidwa, kuchuluka kwake ndi mitundu yawo zimatsimikiziridwa. Tsopano zida zomwe zimayambitsa chiwembu mwakhazikitsidwa, muyenera kukhazikitsa kwina (kubisala). Kwa kampani iyi schneider, kuvina, ABV ndi ena ena amatulutsa zikopa za pulasitiki zomwe zimatsimikizira chitetezo chambiri komanso choyenera mkati mwa nyumba kapena kunyumba. Mwachitsanzo, abb amapereka katundu wa pulasitiki wa 13204 kupita kumsika waku Russia, womwe umapangidwira mabodi a Russia 12, pomwe malo apadera amaperekedwa pakukhazikitsa zomangira za Russian so-505. Mgonero wa zishango zonse umachitidwa kuchokera pa pulasitiki yodzitchinjiriza, yomwe siyikuchita zamagetsi. Mapangidwe a nyumbazo ndi omwe amathetsa kwathunthu mwayi wazolowera pazomwe zilipo.
Zogwirizana zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kukhazikitsa zida mu zishango:
Njanji zamasamba zomwe zidayikidwa zida zonse;
Matayala amtundu - kuti athe kukwapula omwe adatsogolera;
Chizindikiro - pakusaphweka zosintha zida zingapo zokhazikitsidwa;
Mapula Mapula Mapulogalamu - Zikopa zoteteza zomwe zimagwirira ntchito zakunja;
Masamba oteteza omwe amateteza mayemita okwera mkati mwa milandu yovomerezeka.
Milandu ya zishango imatha kuperekedwa munthawi yokhazikika komanso yolumikizidwa. Mnyumba zodulidwa zaikidwa pakhoma ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito, monga lamulo, kuti ikhale yotseguka. Zitchi zopangidwa zimayikidwa m'khola niche ndipo nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazobisika. Kccupus imatha kunyamula chitseko chotseguka kapena cha Matte ndipo chotseka. Mitundu yayikulu kwambiri yokongoletsera matonje sizimasiya aliyense wopanda chidwi.
Mukamasankha ma bolele yamagetsi kuyenera kuwerengedwa kuti opanga amalimbikitsidwa, kuti apange malo abwino kwa zida zamagetsi, kuti apatse 30% ya voliyumu yaulere mkati mwa bokosi. Kuphatikiza apo, mtsogolo, voliyumu yosavomerezeka iyi imapangitsa kuti kukhazikitsa zida zina zowonjezera (mukamaliza bungwe lamphamvu).
| Kupanga | Mtundu | Kuchuluka kwa ma module | Kaonekeswe | Mtengo, pakani. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SHSLIYAY. | E 10322 "Nyumba" | 24. | Wokutidwa, wopanda zitseko | 390. |
| Se 13942 mini pragma | 24. | Khomo lophatikizidwa, chitseko chowonekera | 800.6 | |
| Se 13912 mini pragma | 24. | Nduna yazikazi, khomo la opaque | 865.6 | |
| Siemens. | 8GV11031. | 36. | Omangidwa, kuti azobisika | 1590. |
| 8G13011. | 12 | Kugwedezeka, kutsegulidwa kotseguka | 596.7 | |
| 8GV13031. | 36. | Kugwedezeka, kutsegulidwa kotseguka | 1536.8 | |
| Avv. | 12044. | 24. | Womangidwa, wokhala ndi chitseko chopingasa | 927. |
| 12742. | 22-4 | Bokosi lokhala ndi khoma lokhala ndi khomo lozungulira, lopanda phokoso, la kukhazikitsa panja | 384.7 | |
| 13204. | 12 | Khomo lokhazikika, khomo lowoneka bwino, malo a mita $ 505 | 1363. | |
| " | Shrn-12z. | 12 | Nduna yachitsulo wachitsulo ndi loko | 397.5 |
Ndani wolumikizana?
Posachedwa, pakhala makampani ambiri omwe amachita pokhazikitsa zida zamagetsi ndikupanga zovuta zonse zamagetsi. Polowa mu mgwirizano ndi kampani yolimba, muyenera kusamala ndi layisensi yomwe yatsimikiziridwa ndi encgonadzor.
Kuphatikiza zida zapakhomo zimamveka kulumikizana ndi malo ogulitsa.
Maganga a wochititsa a zero oteteza zero atalumikizidwa, mwachitsanzo, makina atsopano ochapira, osatanthauzira makono azolowera mu nyumbayo, mutha kuyitanira nthumwi ya bungwe la ntchito (Dez,).
Board Board Zikomo kampani ya Crocus ndi ofesi yovomerezeka ku Russia yothandizira pakukonzekera zinthu.