Nyumba Yosungidwa Awiri ya 393 M2 pagombe la mchenga wamchenga wa nyanjayi ku Leingrad dera.
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Peter Horland Wokonda kwambiri wa Hollland ndipo anaphunzira zambiri kuchokera kwa anthu ogwira ntchito molimbika. Ndipo kuti, osati pansi pa mzinda wa St. Petersburg, zidakhazikitsidwa, patatha zaka zana lino, kachidutswa kalikonse kamawoneka ndi kwawo?
Nyumbayi ndi yofanana ndi chisa champhamvu cha generic, chomwe chimapanga m'badwo umodzi wa banja. Anamangidwa bwino komanso bwino, monganso zachikhalidwe masiku akale. Koma, musanapite kumaso a eni malo owoneka bwino, nyumbayo inathetsa kusintha kovuta komanso kusintha kotopetsa. Womanga igor Firsov adalimbikitsa maluso ake komanso kuleza mtima kuti asamale chitetezo choyambirira. Mawonekedwe, kapena m'malo mwake, masitepe a nyumba zojambulidwa ndi zitaida, ndipo sanadere zoyesayesa kuti zitheke kuti zikumbukiro zakale za ku Europe ku Eurongery Europe ndi dziko la Karelia.
Chiwembuchi chili m'nkhalango ya paini, m'mphepete mwa mchenga wamchenga, womwe umapangitsa kuti ntchito yomanga lenirtima ikhale. Kupatula apo, mchenga wowuma umapanga ngalande yachilengedwe yachilengedwe. Chipinda cha maziko adasankhidwa kuti kapangidwe kake kopepuka. Nthaka yabwino idapangitsa kuti ithetse ntchito yowonjezera yopanda madzi ndikukonza zozama zapamwamba, komwe amasunga boiler-borey, komanso malo opumira (sauna, malo ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi). Nyumba yapansi ngati ili ili ndi magawo akuluakulu, ngakhale kapangidwe kake kamakhala kovuta kwambiri. Pansi pa garaja yolumikizidwa ndi nthaka ili pamtunda, womwe ndi wotsika kuposa dothi loyamba mpaka kutalika kwa maziko. Chipindacho, chomwe chili pamwamba pa garaja, chimapanganso kuchuluka kwa pakati, komwe kumayambiranso pansi yachiwiri. Pansi lachitatu ndi chipinda chaching'ono chomwe chili m'chigawo chapakati cha nyumbayo.
Kapangidwe kake kake kameneka "akugwira ntchito" pamawonekedwe osankhidwa. Womangayo adatha kupanga njira yomanga, "adatambasulira nthawi", yomwe ndi yodziwika bwino kwambiri kwa nyumba zakale. Nyumbayi ikhoza kukhala yabwino kwazaka makumi angapo, malo oyenda, zibonga ndi zinthu zina. Zachidziwikire, nthawi zina amakhala pamlingo wosiyanasiyana, kotero kukhalapo kwa malo osakwera pamtunda wa pansi olumikizidwa ndi masitepe a mibadwo ya Midyl. Mwachitsanzo, magawo ofananira nawo nyumbayo ndi ofunitsitsa "akuwonetsa" kuchuluka, komwe sikunali koyambirira. Kumverera komweko kumapangidwa ndi nyali ndi zolakwika kumbuyo kwa nyumbayo. Igor Firsov amasinthanso pambuyo pake pansi pa dzanja lachitatu, ndikupanga chinyengo cha kukhazikitsidwa kwa nyumba imodzi padenga.
Nyumbayo ndi yapadera kwambiri pazokongoletsera kunja. Lumikizani pamakoma oyang'ana njerwa, miyala yamchenga, mtengo ndi pulasitala ndipo musagwere munthawi yomweyo mu kich. Pankhaniyi, zokongoletsera zakuti zidangokhala konkire, zimawoneka zolondola, kukhala zopitilira muyeso zomwezo za zomangamanga za Holland wakale ndi Germany. Zipangizo zosiyanasiyana zimaphatikizidwa bwino mu mtundu ndi kapangidwe kake - ngakhale malingaliro oyera oyimira osiyana kusiyanitsa ndi nkhope zoyang'anizana ndi njerwa ndizoyenera. Tiyenera kunena za njerwa. Ili ndi kalasi yaying'ono yodziwika bwino ya beige-brown "yoyendetsera moto" ndi kusintha kosalala kwa mtundu womwewo. Mukayang'ana kunja, chithunzi chathunthu cha khungu lachilengedwe la zomanga zakale chidapangidwa.
Pansi, tsegulani zenera ndi ngodya zina za nyumbayo zimakongoletsedwa ndi kapolo wa simenti wa miyala, yomwe idapanga njira ndi posewera kutsogolo kwa nyumbayo, zimamukhumudwitsa. Pulasitala imayamba, nthawi yayitali, pamlingo wachiwiri. Mbali yakumanja ya nyumbayo, yomwe imawonetsera mochedwa zowonjezera, zopalamula.
Timber-matabwa pamakoma, ngakhale imakhala yokongoletsa yokha, ikufanana bwino ndi mfundo zonyamula katundu. Mitengo yopindikayi, koma yakumane ku European waku Europe, adapangidwa kuchokera ku ma rhizomes a mitengo. Zotupa zomwe zimatengera malekezero a mitengo yopingasa siyiyiwalika, zomwe zikuwonetsa chidziwitso chachikulu cha mbiri yomanga bwino. Njira yosakayo imaphatikizidwa ndi khonde la khonde ndi khonde, komanso zokongoletsera, ndikuyika mochokera pansi (zimakonzedwa bwino kuti zikhale maziko a mipanda).
Ndizosangalatsa kunyadira pa "dimba" lolowera pagombe la "dimba" ndi katatu. Imakutidwa kwambiri ndi matailosi, ndipo moperewera kwa Polycarbonate. Canopy yowonekera imateteza malekezero ndi mvula, ndikuzisiya. Polycarbonate ndi zinthu zolimba kwambiri zomwe zimathadetsa chipale chofewa. Kuphatikiza kwa mawonekedwe oterewa sikuphwanya mgwirizano wamtunduwu. Chingwe chamatabwa cha chitoliro chowonekeratu cha utoto mu mtundu wa mtengo wa kutsogolo.
Dengali limakhala ndi matailosi ofiira a sile, owoneka bwino kwambiri. Izi ndizosavuta kuposa dongo, koma zolemera kwambiri ndipo zimafunikira zotalika zamphamvu. Matailes ofiira owoneka bwino kwambiri, omwe amalowerera ndale ndi mtundu wa tsambalo kutsogolo kwa nyumbayo. Apa pamapeto pake timatha, kusakaniza ndi imvi ndikutembenuza kukhala matapisi a pinki mu zokongoletsera. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yofanana ndi mawindo a utoto akuphwanya padenga la monolithic ndipo musalole kuti ziwonekere bwino "pave.
Deta yaukadaulo
Mtundu wa nyumba: mwala.
Maziko: Slab, monolithic, pompopompo ndi phula lakuya.
Chapansi: Yokhala ndi mwala wachilengedwe.
Makoma: Kuyang'anizana ndi nkhope zoyang'anizana ndi nkhope yoyang'ana "(Optiroc, Finland), mwala wa miyala, zokongoletsera, chokongoletsera, chokongoletsera, chokongoletsera chokongoletsedwa ndi pine.
Magawo: Mafelemu a groprock a Groineboard.
Padenga: mpweya wabwino; Matabwa a matabwa, zotchinga-Gagare, vapor chorima-pergamine, mchenga wamchenga brawa pa crate.
Zenera: . Matabwa, ndi windows Windows (Russia-Germany); Mansard Windows velux (Denmark).
Zitseko: . "Betra" (St. Petersburg); Ogontha okhazikika ndi ogontha komanso ndi amayi oyambira galasi lowoneka bwino.
Malekezero: Chipinda chotsimikizika cha Concete, mpanda wokongoletsa wotchinga paini ("Betra"), matayala a ceretic.
Kukongoletsa mkati
Makoma: Pulaster, Enkhassa, chingwe cha matabwa, mapepala a pamwamba, okongoletsa (oak).
Pansi: Yosungidwa mabatani a Iroquo (chipinda chochezera, chipinda chodyera), ma pines (timine) ndi larch (kukhitchini), kuyikako zokongoletsa munyumba yachisoni).
Kupaka: Swidberg (Sweden), Trevi (Italy).
Masitepe akulu: Oak ("Betra"). Ma varnishes, ma penti, ma takkurila (Finland).
Mipando: Grange (chipinda chochezera, chipinda chodyera), kachidindo kachidindo ka m'gulu lakale (chipinda chochezera), ku Betra ").
Nyali: . Munda, kunja kukuwunikira nyumba-Tailyti (Italy).
Cuctoni yaukadaulo.
Makoma: . Chipika chosasinthika (paini), kufa.
Padenga: Phulumen Tile Katepal (Finland) (mtundu wa chimanga).
Kugwira ntchito pokonzekera nyumbayo, makasitomala ndi dokotala adaganiza zosiya "njira yothetseratu" yapansi yoyamba. Pankhaniyi, malo onse ali ndi magwiridwe antchito ogawana ndi malire. Kudutsa Tambbour, mlendo amalowa holo yowirikiza yokhala ndi masitepe apansi pakhomo lina, zitseko zam'madzi ndi khitchini ndi chipinda chotsegulira, chomwe chimachokera kuchipinda chonse chapansi. Derali likunenedwa m'chipinda chochezera, chipinda chodyera ku khitchini, chipinda cha alendo pansi choyambirira, komanso malo akunja.
Halo iwiri, yotchuka kwambiri yomwe imalembedwa mu mapulani mu masitepe ozungulira, imayatsidwa kuchokera pachimake ndi padenga lalikulu ndikuyika padenga la padenga la Damlux. Kuchokera pano masitepe amatha kukweredwa mpaka pamtunda wapamwamba. Pa nsanja yapakatikati pakati pa chipinda choyamba ndi chachiwiri chili ndi khomo logona logona la mwana wamkazi. Mtundu wovuta kwambiri wa denga mkati mwake ndikuwonetsa kapangidwe ka padenga. Mmilangizidwe sikuti sanabise izi, komanso amapanga zokongoletsera, "kukwera" mpumulo wonse mothandizidwa ndi mitengo yokongoletsera.
Marichi wina ndi wapamwamba ndipo timapezeka kuti muli pazinthu zachiwiri. Chifukwa cha holo yowala yowala, sizikuwoneka ngati zopapatiza, ngakhale zili zowona zake kutalika 1 m. Mlandu waukulu umalowa m'chipinda cha mwana wake, chipinda cha alendo ndi bafa. Chipinda chogona cha kholo chili ndi bafa laumwini komanso chipinda chovala, komanso mwayi wokhala ndi chithunzithunzi hexagony. Mtundu wake wosazoloweretsani chitseko choyamba.
Pali masitepe achitatu, pansi pa chipinda cha mnyamatayo ndi chipinda chogona cha kholo (sichikuwoneka kuchokera ku masitepe akulu). Ili m'chipinda chapakati, kwambiri mnyumbamo. Mukadzuka apa, njirayi imawunikira zenera loyala.
Chipinda cha chipindacho chimakhala ndi nduna yonse. Kukhazikika kwake kudzatsindikizidwa ndi mitengo yamdima, yomwe ndi tsatanetsatane wa kapangidwe kake ka rafter, zokongoletsera pang'ono ngati gawo lakunja.
Ntchito zomangamanga nyumba zomwe zimapangidwa ndi kampani ya Igor ndizomwe zikuwonetsa kusankha zochita. Wopanga akuvomereza chinthucho pambuyo pa womanga sayenera kuthyola mutu wake, kupanga mitundu yatsopano. Imangokhazikitsa malingaliro ophatikizidwa kale mu lingaliro la voliyumu. Chifukwa chake zidachitika nthawi ino. Wopanga Okhana Karemina anapitilizabe kuti nyumba yakale ya ku Europe ndikukongoletsa maderes pafupifupi malo onse "pazinthu zokongoletsa. M'miyala yachiwiri ndi yachitatu, adapereka matayala enieniwo, poyambirira kukhala luso lopeka. Denga la chipinda chochezera limafotokoza theka la matabwa kunja kwa nyumbayo. Chipinda chodyeramo pansi pa nyumba ya m'mudzimo chinkaonekanso ngakhale champhamvu: Ochepa "kudenda nthawi" matayala amalembedwa asymmetrically, ngati kuti wapambana padenga. Pa izi, komabe, ku Dutch Motifs omwe ali mkati. Chipinda chochezera ndi kuphatikiza kwa masitayilo: Kukhazikika kwa denga ndi oyandikana ndi mawindo agalasi amakono, mipando yazakale yazakale, zinthu zabanja komanso sofa wamakono komanso sofa wamakono. Dillie Podium ndi Kuwala kwakomweko kutsimikizira kuchotsedwa kwa ngodya yakale.
Chipinda chodyera cha khitchini - chipinda chaching'ono chokhala ndi cholakwika, chodziwika bwino ndi cholembera chochepa ndikusintha kutsiriza. Kukhitchini, pansi patayikidwa, m'chipinda chodyera - parquet (izi sizokongoletsa kwambiri ngati ukhondo). Chipinda chodyera chimakhala chowoneka bwino chikuchoka m'mundawo. Kale, malowa amaphatikizapo kapangidwe kake. Tebulo loyera loyera ndi mipando ya badermeyer, zoyera zoyera zokhala ndi mauta ofunda ndi oyera, nyali zam'mawa, zomwe zingakhale bwino m'mawa dzuwa?
Malo okongoletsedwa kwambiri mnyumbamo ndi masitepe akuluakulu omwe ali ndi malire pamakhoma ndi zokongoletsera za wozimitsa makoma a lotus. Masitayilo anzeru osakanikirana ndi Wokonda kwambiri wakale wapakale, ataimirira pakhomo la masitepe, ndi kuzungulira komwe kuchokera ku matako owoneka bwino, komwe kumatsekedwa pansi. Zomwe zimachokera pansi pamiyendo zimakopa chidwi osati chophatikiza chachilendo cha zida, komanso zovuta zomwe kuphedwa. Tile ndi marquet amwalira ali ndi makulidwe osiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chake, chifukwa cha kuvala kosalala bwino, kunali kofunikira kusamalidwa mosamala kwa malo aliwonse a simenti. Zokongoletsera zomwe zimagulitsidwa zimafanana ndi mabwalo a anthu aku Italy ndi Czech mizinda.
Makasitomala anali chisonkhezero chachikulu pa mapangidwe a mkati, ntchito ya wopangayo idachepetsedwa kuti igwirizane ndi malingaliro awo okhudza chitonthozo ndi malo okhazikika. Chifukwa chake, chipinda chodyeramo, chipinda cha eni ake ndi chipinda cha mwana wa mwana wake, pokhala fano monga theka labwino kwambiri la banjali, ndikunyamula chala chamwala cha akazi. Mitundu ya pastel imalamulidwa pano (chipinda chodyeramo ndi choyera ndi mwana wamkazi wofunda, wachipinda chofewa wokhala ndi pinki ndi cyclamen, kirimu). Atsikana adasandulika molakwika: ma rosets okrerana ndi zingwe zokutira ndi chinjoka, mauta otchinga, zoyera, ngati mungaganizire, yankho labwino kwambiri la Chipinda ndi mawonekedwe ovuta kuti asapeze. Kupanga kwa desiki sikunalole mipando yayikulu kapena yopanda tanthauzo. Maluwa osakhalapo, mipando yopepuka komanso nsalu zowoneka bwino "zoyambira" chipinda.
M'chipinda cha mwana wa kumeza chowonekera pamwambapa. Izi zidapangitsa kuti igwiritse ntchito mipando yayikulu yamdima. Kupumula kwa denga kumenyedwa chifukwa chosiyana ndi matope a mipando, malo pakati pa mikangano pang'ono, yolumikizidwa pang'ono.
Chipinda chogona, chokhala ndi bafa yachinsinsi komanso chipinda chovala, zimakhala bwino. Mkati mwa njira yochepetsedwa "Borgengwe
AKatic-intutic, yokwanira, idakhala lopanga "lopanga" kunyumba. Malo "owonjezera" awa adapereka eni ake ndi mlengi wokhala ndi mwayi wokwanira wozindikira zokhumba zomwe zingachitike. Gome loluka, kusodza m'maganizo, Benchi osenda izi sikuti ndi kothandiza kwambiri, koma wokongola kwambiri. Mabungwe omwe akufuna kupuma komanso luso, mutha kugula. Pamitundu ya makoma omwe amabisa ma duct a mpweya, zigawo za njerwa zowoneka bwino zatsalira. Khoma la "msewu" wokhala ndi mpumulo woyambirirawo si chinthu china chokha kuposa kuyesa kubweza mpweya wabwino. Zotsatira zake pang'onopang'ono zimadzazidwa ndi zikhulupiriro zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ziyende bwino.
Moyang'anitsitsa nyumba pamalopo pali kusamba - nyumba ziwiri zokhala ndi mitengo yomangidwa ndi manja. Mkati mwake muli chipinda cha Russia, kusamba ndi zipinda zitatu, ziwiri zomwe zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito bwino ngati zipinda zogona alendo.
Mapangidwe adziko lapansi amayenera kukambirana. Tsambali silikukhumudwitsa kwambiri, koma zinthu zambiri zimakwanira: dziwe labwino kwambiri, munda wokhala ndi mapiri a Alpine ndi mini-zokongoletsera zokongoletsera zodzikongoletsera ngati mabedi a maluwa. Pali malo a maulamuliro. Hostess amafuna kukhala ndi dimba, koma njira yothetsera mabedi imatsutsana ndi udzu "wa Chingerezi", dziwe ndi phiri. Maonekedwe a Landcape Ludnnnnko adapeza njira yabwino kwambiri yotuluka: mabedi okhala ndi nkhaka ndi tomato amakongoletsedwa ngati mabedi a maluwa. Palinso "sutukesi" wotseguka "womwe wa nkhandwe uja umachokera?
Cholinga chofotokozedwa ndichabwino mu njira yokwanira ya zomangamanga, zamkati ndi mawonekedwe. Ngakhale kuti wopanga ndi opanga - mkati mwake ndi malo - pafupifupi, pafupifupi wina ndi mnzake sanalankhule, aliyense wa iwo adatha kugwira ndikupitiliza lingaliro loperekedwa ndi omwe adalipo. Nyumbayo inali yovuta kwambiri. Sizokayikitsa kuti m'zaka zana zobwerazi wina wina angaone kuti amamumanganso.
Kuwerengera kwa mtengo wa ntchito ndi zida pantchito yomanga nyumba yokhala ndi nsanjika ziwiri.
Dzina la Ntchito | Mayunitsi. kusintha | Chiwerengero cha | Mtengo, $ | Mtengo, $ |
---|---|---|---|---|
Ntchito Zakhazikitsidwa | ||||
Kukonza nkhwangwa, kukonzekera, kuchotsedwa kwa nthaka | m3. | 650. | 20.5 | 13300. |
Kukonzanso nthaka, Kubweza (kudzaza matsenga), chisindikizo cha nthaka | m3. | 118. | 7. | 826. |
Chipangizo cha mphira, ntchito isanayambe ndi yopingasa | m2. | 180. | zisanu ndi zitatu | 1440. |
Mafomu, kulimbikitsidwa, kokha | m3. | 47. | 60. | 2820. |
Chida Monolithic W / W kuchulukana, kusonkhanitsa zodzikongoletsera | m3. | 38. | 72,4. | 2750. |
Zonse | 21136. | |||
Zogwiritsidwa ntchito pagawo | ||||
Mwala wosweka mwala, mchenga | m3. | 48. | 28. | 1344. |
Konkriti 300. | m3. | 85. | 62. | 5270. |
Hydrokhotloizol | m2. | 390. | 1,2 | 468. |
Tumium Polymer Mastic | kg | 690. | 1,6 | 1104. |
Kugubuduza chitsulo, zolimba, waya woluka | T. | 2.9 | 390. | 1131. |
Mafomu okhala ndi mapangidwe, matabwa, misomali ndi zinthu zina | konza | chimodzi | - | 500. |
Zonse | 9817. | |||
Makoma (Bokosi) | ||||
Ntchito yokonzekera, kukhazikitsa ndi kusokoneza kwa scaffold | m2. | 240. | 3.5 | 840. |
Mavuto a makoma akunja (ma curreti onkriti) | m3. | 82. | 38. | 3116. |
Magawo oyang'anira (opindika) | m2. | 44. | 23. | 1012. |
Chipangizo cha Monolithic w / w yolunjika pa khoma lamiyala | m2. | 195. | makumi awiri | 3900. |
Zonse | 8868. | |||
Zogwiritsidwa ntchito pagawo | ||||
Mapazi konkire, ramrete | m3. | 82. | fifite | 4200. |
Makoma One | m3. | 13. | 60. | 834. |
Matabwa, khwangwala, misomali ndi zinthu zina | konza | chimodzi | - | 320. |
Zonse | 5354. | |||
Chida chodetsa | ||||
Kukhazikitsa kwa kapangidwe ka kachapu | m2. | 180. | khumi ndi mphabu zinayi | 2520. |
Chida chokhazikitsidwa | m2. | 230. | khumi zisanu ndi zitatu | 4140. |
Matenda a ma eafutions, ma soles, chipangizo cha madera akutsogolo | m2. | 40. | khumi chimodzi | 440. |
Kukhazikitsa kwa Dothi | RM. M. | 80. | 12 | 960. |
Zonse | 8060. | |||
Zogwiritsidwa ntchito pagawo | ||||
Brantas simenti-mchenga (Germany) | m2. | 230. | 28. | 6440. |
Sawn matabwa | m3. | khumi ndi mphabu zinayi | 120. | 1680. |
Kutaya dongosolo | RM. M. | 80. | khumi ndi mphabu zinayi | 1120. |
Kuthamanga ndi zinthu zina | konza | chimodzi | - | 320. |
Zonse | 9560. | |||
Lembani zofunda | ||||
Kupatula makoma, zokutira ndi zowonjezera | m2. | 480. | 2. | 960. |
Kudzaza mawindo ndi chitseko | m2. | 63. | 35. | 2205. |
Zonse | 3165. | |||
Zogwiritsidwa ntchito pagawo | ||||
Zosasinthika Asuntha (Finland) | m2. | 480. | 2.6 | 1248. |
Pawindo wamatabwa (galasi lowonjezera la chipinda) (Russia), mawindo a mandord (Denmark) | m2. | 44. | 216.6 | 9530. |
Chitseko cha oak (Russia) | PC. | 22. | - | 7900. |
Msonkhano wankhira, othamanga, zolimbitsa thupi ndi zinthu zina | konza | chimodzi | - | 450. |
Zonse | 19128. | |||
Makina Opanga | ||||
Chipangizo chamadzimadzi chopatsa madzi (bwino, chithandizo chamadzi chamadzi) | konza | chimodzi | - | 4100. |
Kukhazikitsa kwa dongosolo la chimbudzi (Septic) | konza | chimodzi | - | 2500. |
Kukhazikitsa kwa dongosolo la kutentha (kukhazikitsa zida, kuwumba, kukhazikitsa zida zotenthetsera) | konza | chimodzi | - | 2700. |
Kukhazikitsa kwa dongosolo la mpweya wabwino (wokakamizidwa, wopota khanda) | konza | chimodzi | - | 3200. |
Ntchito Yamagetsi | konza | chimodzi | - | 331. |
Zonse | 15800. | |||
Zogwiritsidwa ntchito pagawo | ||||
Dongosolo lamadzi (pampu yotsika mtengo, ulamuliro ndi kuwongolera dongosolo, stateming dongosolo) | konza | chimodzi | - | 6800. |
Ator Elkidage dongosolo (Finland) | konza | chimodzi | - | 3400. |
Bouler Tobulonal (Germany) | konza | chimodzi | - | 8700. |
Dongosolo Labwino | konza | chimodzi | - | 5900. |
Zida zamagetsi ndi zamagetsi, kutentha ndi zida zokhazikitsa | konza | chimodzi | - | 12000. |
Zonse | 36800. | |||
Kumaliza ntchito | ||||
Pulasitala yapamwamba kwambiri, khoma lalikulu la njerwa (chithunzi) | m2. | 300. | 10.7 | 3208. |
Magawo a chipangizocho, ma cell oyimitsidwa, khoma all | m2. | 650. | makumi awiri | 13000. |
Chida chapansi (bolodi) | m2. | 240. | 10 | 2400. |
Nkhope zoyang'anizana ndi matayala a ceramic | m2. | 270. | khumi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi | 4320. |
Kukhazikitsa kwa masitepe, matabwa okongoletsa ndi zitsulo | m2. | 393. | 48. | 18864. |
Kukonzekera koyambirira ndi kumaliza kwambiri kwa malo, khoma lophukira ndi pepala | m2. | 870. | 12 | 10440. |
Zonse | 52230. | |||
Zogwiritsidwa ntchito pagawo | ||||
Bolodi pansi (paini, larch, Iroko) | m2. | 240. | 48. | 11520. |
Ceramic Tile (Italy, Spain) | m2. | 270. | 24. | 6480. |
Gryk (kwathunthu ndi zinthu zokutira ndi zoyeserera) | m2. | 650. | khumi zisanu ndi zitatu | 11700. |
Bison Staircase (Oak), Portal (mtengo wofiira), zinthu zokongoletsera | konza | chimodzi | - | 18600. |
Zowuma Zowuma (Russia, Finland), Romani, zojambula, zopenda ndi kuperekera Tikkurila (Finland) | konza | chimodzi | - | 5700. |
Zonse | 54000. | |||
Mtengo wonse wa ntchito | 109260. | |||
Mtengo wonse wa zida | 134660. | |||
Zonse | 243920. |