Ibuye rya kilometero zigezweho nubutata amatafari ni byiza, byiza kandi byoroshye gukora. Tuvuga ibyiza byabo kubindi biti foci, nogence yo guhitamo no kwishyiriraho.
Ifoto: Brunner.
Ibyiza byo amashyiga
1. Gutwika neza
ITAnura zose zigezweho zifite umuryango wibimenyetso (ibi nibisa na Froplaces) hamwe nabamugaye. Ariko, ibinyuranye byamazi, bitandukanye nitanura ryumuriro nicyuma ". Yomerewe gukora muburyo bwo gutwika ubushyuhe bwo hejuru (T = 500-650 ° C). Byongeye kandi, injeniyeri y'abayobozi bakunda kongera ubu bushyuhe butondekanya itanura hamwe n'amasahani hamwe nisomero rito ugereranije (kurugero, Cordoime). Rero, bagera ku gutwikwa byuzuye kwa lisansi (feli ya gaze yimbuto) no kongera imikorere yikikoresho.
Batandukanya amatanura firecase hamwe na sub-shelegi (umwuka nyamukuru) hamwe nu mva (umwuka utemba mu bumuga bwo hepfo). Abahanga batera amakimbirane akomeye kubyerekeye igishushanyo kigira akamaro. Twiburaga gusa ko kuba ahari umwanya byoroha kuri tanura.
Sewber (valve ku nkomoko) igishushanyo, nk'itegeko, ntabwo gitangwa: Ntabwo ari ngombwa, kubera ko gaze gazi itinda mu miyoboro y'imbere y'itanura.
Ifoto: Brunner.
2. Koresha imyuka yubushyuhe
Mu nzu z'itanura ryamabuye, ubwumwotsi ugaragara ukomoka - uhagaritse cyangwa tutambitse cyangwa ngo tugabanye umuyoboro wa spil, ujyanamo imyuka ikomeye iha igice kinini cy'urukuta rw'ubushyuhe rwo mu gikaringo. Rero, bitandukanye ninkoko ifite chimney yitaziguye, itanura ryumva umuhanda, ahubwo ni icyumba. Nukuri, imiyoboro yumwotsi igomba gusukurwa buri gihe ko runaka igora umurimo wo guteranaguza.
Ifoto: Wolfshor tonwerke
3. Ubushobozi bwo kwegeranya ubushyuhe
Itanura, ndetse nigishushanyo mbonera cya modular, gifite misa ikomeye kandi, kuko ihereganone: Amasaha menshi akusanya ubushyuhe mucyumba, hanyuma atangira gutanga ubushyuhe, hanyuma agatangira gutanga ubushyuhe, kandi nyuma yo kurangiza firebox asigaye ubushyuhe. Ntabwo byoroshye mugihe ugeze kumunsi umwe cyangwa ibiri kandi ushaka gushyushya vuba icyumba. Ariko, igice cyinzitizi ni cyiza mubuzima buhoraho, kuko cyemerera kwirinda gukaza umushyitsi wicyumba.
Ifoto: Brunner.
Ibikoresho byo gutanura: Amatafari, guhagarika imitata cyangwa ibuye?
Ibikoresho nyamukuru byo kurambika / guteranya itanura nuburebure burebure bwuzuye amatafari atukura, imitako n'ibuye. Shakisha amatafari meza, akwiriye itanura ryibishanga, ni umurimo wumwuga. Igomba kwizirikana ko imitungo yamatafari aturuka ku nkombe zitandukanye zashyizwe ahagaragara nigihingwa kimwe gishobora gutandukana. Ariko amatafari arahendutse cyane kuruta "abanywanyi".
Amasosiyete yububanyamahanga (Brunen, Wolföher Tonwerke, nibindi) akoreshwa cyane mu ikoranabuhanga mu myugisi (akurikije ikoranabuhanga mu gukora, hari umusaraba hagati y'inkoni n'ubushyuhe). Igiciro cyitanura kiva kuri ibi bikoresho gitangira kuva ku bihumbi 90, iyo kirangiye amabati cyangwa itanura ryamatanura - kuva ku bihumbi ibihumbi 20.
Itanura ryamabuye ritanga sosiyete ya Tulikivi na Nunnauuuu na Nunnauuuuuuuuni hakoreshejwe Salcomnets - igiti cyitwa inkono. (Twibutse ko umukino wingengo yimari ya Tulikivi ugizwe nibikoresho bya selsuis - beto imwe irwanya ubushyuhe, namabuye areba.)
Ubushobozi bwihariye bwamatafari, imiyoboro ya chamotte kandi ibuye irasa, ariko ubucucike ni 2750 kg / m³, amatafari - 1900, guhagarika chamotte - 1600-1700 kg / m3). Urukuta rwamabuye rufite ubushyuhe, bufite ingaruka nziza kubikorwa, usibye, itanura ryihuta ritangira gushyushya icyumba.
Ifoto: Wolfshor tonwerke
Gukenera Fondasiyo
Ndetse n'itanura rito ripima byibura kg 400, bityo, bakeneye Fondasiyo yabo ya Columnar cyangwa ingufu za plab munsi yicyuma murugo. Ishingiro ryitanura ryakuwe kurwego rwamagorofa ya mbere. Igiciro cyibikoresho no gukora kubwubatsi bwarwo - murwego rwibihumbi 20.
Ifoto: Tulikivi.
Ibiranga amashyiga
Itanura ryamatafari rishyizwe ku gisubizo cy'ibumba, mu gihe ubunini bw'ikidodo butagomba kurenga mm 5. Guhangana namakuru ya kera ayobora icyarimwe hamwe nubucamanza, ibindi bisubizo byose bishyirwa mubikorwa nyuma yo kubaka itanura. Umushinga na Masonry Akazi kazatwara hafi igihe gito nigice gihenze kuruta agaciro k'ibikoresho.
Itanura risanzwe rikozwe muri chamotte na block zegeranijwe muminsi 1-2 hamwe na kole ya silicate. Imirimo igomba gufata umutware muri societe yumucuruzi - Bitabaye ibyo ingwate itazagira agaciro. Igiciro cyo guterana ni 25-30% yigiciro cyibicuruzwa.
Ifoto: Wolfshor tonwerke
Guhitamo Chimney
Itara ry'amatafari ryashyizwe hamwe na chimney; Ahantu mu kunyura hejuru nibisenge, igisenge kirakorwa (ubwiyongere bwibanze mubyimba byinkuta zunzura).
Ibice biva kuri bice bifite ibikoresho bya chimneys-sandwiche bishingiye ku miyoboro ya ceramic cyangwa ibyuma. Birashoboka haba haba kubwo kwishyiriraho kandi kavukire; Mu rubanza rwa kabiri, Chimney yashyizwe ku mubare w'amashyiga ku rufatiro rumwe kandi ihujwe na tee, kandi munsi y'umuyoboro bitemewe. Igiciro cya chimney cyizewe kubitanura biva mumafaranga 4500 / m.