Benshi bibaza niba bishoboka kubaka mu gihe cy'itumba. Urashobora, kandi amatafari no gukaza amazu. Ikintu nyamukuru nukubahiriza ikoranabuhanga ryubwubatsi ku bushyuhe buke tuzabwira.
Ifoto: Andrei Shevchenko, Isosiyete yubwubatsi "Garant-Stroy"
Birashoboka Kubaka mugihe cyubukonje? Ibitekerezo byinzobere byagabanijwe kubikurikira: birashoboka, ariko niba gusa witegereje amategeko yihariye yubukonje yo kuyobora inzira yikoranabuhanga. Muri Suwede na Finlande, bisa na filime mu turere twinshi tw'Uburusiya, "" ibidashoboka "kubaka bike bimaze igihe kinini bihinduka ihame. Kubaka ibiti (birimo ikadiri) urukuta, hamwe n'inzego zishingiye ku mvumba, ndetse no kwashizwemo ingendo zishyize mu gaciro ubukonje ntibubangamira. Mugihe cyo gukuramo ubushyuhe buragoye gukorana na beto, ntibitifuzwa cyane kubuza amatafari yo mumaso no gucengerana neza kandi bidashoboka gushonga no kurangiza indimu cyangwa tile.
Niba byafashwe icyemezo cyo guhagarika akazi mugihe cyitumba, noneho urubuga rwubwubatsi rugomba gukandamizwa: gufunga no gushyigikira igisenge cyigihe gito. Ifoto: Shutterstock / Fotodom.ru
Uburyo bwo gusuka fondasiyo mubukonje
Anti-inyongeramusaruro zikonje zongewe kuri beto, kimwe na plastizers kugirango wongere ibintu nibintu nibintu, wihutishe imbaraga. Ifoto: Plitonit.
Ishingiro ryinzu ni urufatiro, rukunze gukorwa cyane. Ku bushyuhe buri munsi ya 5 ° C, Ugomba gushakisha uburyo budasanzwe kuri beto. Umwe muribo ni ugukoresha igisubizo gishyushye. Muburyo bwo kwitegura, amazi, umucanga no gushyuha birashyuha. Muri iki gihe, ubushyuhe bwa beto ntibugomba kurenga 40 ° C kandi iba munsi ya 20 ° C, ubundi kugenda kwayo bizagabanuka cyane. Igikorwa cyuruganda - gukora ibihimbano bishyushye vuba bishoboka kurubuga rwubwubatsi. Igiciro cyibintu nkibi byibuze 30% birenze icyi. Kugirango umenye neza ko imbaraga, beto isukwamo ishingiro rya premote kandi rikagushinyagurira.
Iyo ushyiraho amadirishya n'inzugi no gushyira imiyoboro, ntukore udafite polyurethane, ibintu nyamukuru biranga amagufwa-igufwa, ibisohoka. Ifoto: "Sisitemu-Pro"
Ubundi buryo ni ugukoresha beto akonje aho inyongera zirwanya ubukonje (inyongera) zatangijwe, kugabanya amazi yo gukonjesha no kwihutisha imbaraga za sima. Kenshi na kenshi, ibintu bishingiye kuri sodium nitrite, dioxyde de carbone, sodium chloride ikoreshwa nkinyongera nkizo. Ni ngombwa kwitegereza byimazeyo ibipimo bya beto nubukonje bukabije. Niba ibintu bidahagije, beto izatangira gukonjesha kandi inzira yo gushinga amabuye ya sima azahagarara.
Compact voinga zivanze zemeza ko inyongeramusaruro imwe ya Antiyolassasal mu buryo buvanze. Ifoto: Sika.
Igihe cy'itumba ni igihe gikwiye cyo guca itorero, byatanze agabanutse. Yo gukubita ingendo zivanga byoroshye gukoresha kaseti. Ifoto: "Ground Shor"
Gukoresha inyongera zirwanya ubukonje zemerera gukorera ku bushyuhe bwo mu kirere kugeza kuri -25 ° C, ariko, imitungo ya tekinike ya beto yoroheje iba mbi kurusha mugenzi wayo gakondo. Kubwibyo, hariho imipaka myinshi yo gukoresha ibi bikoresho. Rero, beto hamwe nibishyingo bya Antiyolaryal ntibishobora gukoreshwa muburyo bushimangirwa mbere, ndetse no muburyo bwimibare iyobowe na dinamike. Niba sodium chloride cyangwa chloride ya calcium ikora nkibishyingo, ubwo buryo budashobora gutera igitsina gakondo cyangwa imiti yinguzanyo idafite uburinzi budasanzwe, kandi bukabikoresha kugirango bubake ibintu byinyubako, hejuru muri byo bitemewe.
Imvange ya beto hamwe na Antiyoryasal irashobora gutegekwa mu ruganda (impuzandengo igiciro hamwe no gutanga muri kimera - kuva ku mafaranga 5500. Kuri 1 M3), kandi, kandi urashobora kwigira wenyine, niba, kurugero, ni bisabwa ugereranije byihuse cyangwa byemewe kuzura umusingi. Inyongera zose zigurishwa mubipaki hamwe namabwiriza, kubahiriza ikigize nkicyingenzi cyo gukora imiterere ikomeye ya monolithic. Nigute ushobora gukorana na beto "imbeho"? Misa ishyirwa mubikorwa kandi byoroshye. Ubushyuhe bwo kuvanga nyuma yikidodo kigomba kurenza ubushyuhe bwo gukonjesha ibisubizo byimibare yibyongepoditive byibuze 5 ° C. Ubuso bwa beto, ntabwo burinzwe nuburyo bwo gukora, butwikiriwe kugirango wirinde ubuhemu. Beto ibikwa munsi yubuhungiro kugeza igihe imbaraga zigerwaho.
Imiterere mito biroroshye guterana, ariko ntirinda victe kuva ku mbeho. Ifoto: Izba de Luxe
Rero, koresha imvange yimbeho, zitangwa na pompe ya mixer
Ibikurikira, Urufatiro RIBBON rufunze na firime ya PVC yuzuye kugirango wirinde kugwa no gutinda gutakaza ubushyuhe
Ku bushyuhe bugarukira (kuva +3 ° C to -3 ° C), urashobora kuzuza plab shingiro. Mugihe kimwe gisuka kandi gikandagira umusego wumucanga
Umusozi wa kabiri-urwego rwo gushimangira
Yashyizwe beto hamwe na anti-ongeyeho
Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, urufatiro rw'ifatizo mu gihe cy'itumba ni inzira y'ibibazo kandi bitwara igihe. Igiciro cyo gukura imyobo cyangwa gutera intoki birakura kure, kuko no gucukura, urwego rwinshi rwubutaka bwitonda burashobora gukora ikibazo gikomeye. Gukwirakwiza imyobo yintoki zose biragoye: Isi izakenera guta scrap. Ntacyo bimaze gushyushya bonfires ye, nigikoresho cyihema rishyushye muri film rizaba rihenze cyane.
Ubu buryo bwo guta imbuto mu itumba, nko gushyushya amashanyarazi no kwishyiriraho gutwika imikorere, birahenze cyane kandi ntibyirengagize mubwubatsi bwigenga.
Nkibindi bisobanuro kuri beto, birashoboka gusaba gukoresha igipimo cyihuse-cyikigereranyo hamwe na scaperer irangi. Nukuri, bizakwira mu mucyo gusa (ikadiri, Brusade) hamwe nubuzima bwa serivisi ibarwa butarenze imyaka 60.
Wubake inkuta yibikoresho nk'ibifum hamwe na chararamnzite-furrete, urashobora. Nibyo, birakenewe kwemeza ko ibice byinshi byasaruwe hamwe nibice byubucamanza bitwikiriye kandi ntibikorwa hejuru yibikoresho. Byongeye kandi, ibigize igisubizo ni ngombwa cyane. Ibyifuzo bigomba guhabwa imbeho zidasanzwe kandi byahinduwe imvange ya sima. Ifoto: "Hebsel-guhagarika"
Kumiterere ya beto
Igisubizo cya beto nubutaka nibikoresho byibasiwe cyane mubwubatsi bwimbeho. Ku bushyuhe bubi, amazi akubiye mubikorwa byabo atangira guhagarika. Muri uru rubanza, amazi yiyongera ku bwinshi na 9%, kandi igitutu gikura muri pore gisenya uruvange ruvanze. Ubukonje ni akaga neza. Nyuma yo kugera kuri 50%, ingaruka zubushyuhe bwo hasi ntabwo ari ngombwa. Birakwiye kandi kubona ko ubwinshi bwa beto bukonjesha buhoro buhoro, usibye inzira yo kwisiga ya sima - gusa, kugirango imvange yitabye.
Guhagarika beto. Ifoto: "sima wongeyeho"
Ibiranga amatafari
Hariho uburyo bubiri bwingenzi bwamatafari ahantu hato - "gukonjesha" no gukoresha inyongeramusaruro zidasanzwe. Ishingiro ryambere ni ibi bikurikira. Igisubizo gisanzwe-Umusenyi ufite ubushyuhe bwiza mugihe cyakazi, bidatinze gikonja mu kavuri kashe kandi kikagora ahanini mu mpeshyi nyuma y'itumba ry'imbeba, ndetse no mu gihe cy'itumba n'impeshyi. Kugira ngo ubushyuhe bwigisubizo butagize umwanya wo kugwa munsi yababare, Masonry Slate yihuta. Igisubizo cyateguwe kigomba gukoreshwa muminota 20-30.
Impuguke nyinshi zihurira mubitekerezo kugirango kurambirwa uburyo buke bwo gukonjesha bukaba bwiza bwo kuyobora. Ikigaragara ni uko hamwe no gukonjesha byihuse mububiko bushya mu kashe, imvange ya binder n'umusenyi bamaranye na barafu. Igisubizo cyahise gitakaza plastike, ingendo zitambitse zidasigaranye bihagije, kandi mugihe cyo kubyara bihagije, kandi bakaba batunganya imyanda ihambaye ubushishozi bukabije, bukagirirwa nabi kandi bidafite ishingiro kandi bukaba bubangamiye imbaraga no gutuza imbaraga.
Igice cyakiriwe na ceramic gishobora gushyirwa kumuti uhamye ku bushyuhe bwo mu kirere kitarenze -5 ° C. Ifoto: Shutterstock / Fotodom.ru
Uburyo bwa kabiri burimo intangiriro mubisubizo byinyongera bidasanzwe, yihutishije inzira yimiti yo guhagarika. Ndabashimira, ifite igihe cyo kubona imbaraga ku bushyuhe bubi (kugeza kuri -10 ° C). Ariko ibibujijwe, nkuko bimeze kuri beto "imbeho", nabyo birahari. By'umwihariko, gukoresha igisubizo hamwe n'ibishyingo bya Antiyolassal birashobora gutuma bigaragara ko abarinzi kuruhande rwimbere. Kubwibyo, gukoresha imvange kuburyo runaka bwimiterere yamabuye bigomba guhuzwa numuryango wumushinga.
Igisenge
Sisitemu yo muri Rafter mugihe cyimbeho irashobora kubonwa mubintu byose. Ariko inyubako zimbaho zisaba kwitabwaho bidasanzwe. Kuva muri20 ... -25 ° с с с с yinkwi zubushuhe busanzwe biba intege, umugereka wa rafter ugereranya ingorane zimwe - igiti gishobora gutanga igikoma. Kubwibyo, nibyiza gukora akazi kugirango ukore sisitemu yo hejuru yubushyuhe bwo hejuru. Nkunzu, urashobora gukoresha ibikoresho byose usibye amabati.
Iyo ushizemo igisenge cy'amabati ya sima, ibipimo by'ibikoresho byakwirakwijwe neza mu ndege ya skate, ku buryo mu gihe cyo gukora utinjiza ibicuruzwa mu gihe cyo gukora. Ifoto: Tatyana Karakulova / Burda Itangazamakuru
Kwiziba bitangirira kuri Cornice Tile, bigenwa hamwe na screw hamwe na anti-umutanga mesmers
Kuruhande (Imbere) inkingi tile nazo zijyanye no gushimangirwa.
AFE PLastio Element, umukozi wo guhumeka igisenge
Itumba ryitumba
Hano hari imbeho, icyi n'igihe-byose ku isoko. Imbeho Ibyimba irashobora guterwa nabyo, kuko biremewe gukoresha ku bushyuhe kuva -10 ° C (mu babikora benshi kuva -25 ° C) kugeza hagati ya -30 ° C. Mu gihe cy'itumba, ubushuhe ni buke, kandi ibihimbano bisaba ubushuhe. Imvura ikwiranye nim Impeshyi zikora mubintu bigoye cyane, nubwo bidafite ubushuhe bidahagije. Birakenewe ko witondera amakuru akoresheje ubushyuhe bwa ballon bugomba kuba, kuko ibyinshi mu bihimbano mbere yo gukoreshwa bigomba gushyuha. Abakora bamwe bizeza ko ibyatsi byabo bishobora gukoreshwa kuri -20 ° C, ariko ballon igomba gushyuha. Muri iki gihe, ntuzabona umwanya wo kumara imipira yose, nkuko bizakonja vuba. Ntidukwiye kwibagirwa ko ikaramu yimbeho ari ubuzima bwibintu mugihe gito kuruta icyi.Kubaka inzu yimbaho mugihe cy'itumba
Ikando ibisobanuro birambuye bikozwe mubiti byumye bitinya imvura nubushuhe byinshi, ntabwo ari ubukonje. Ifoto: "sima wongeyeho"
Igenzura aganganya k'ibiti bishya birakenewe buri mezi 2-3, harimo mu gihe cy'itumba. Muri icyo gihe, birakenewe kugira ngo uhindure indishyi kandi ukemure niba utagaragaye ku rukuta rwa fungus, ntabwo wayoboye urujijo. Ifoto: Andrei Shevchenko, Isosiyete yubwubatsi "Garant-Stroy"
Inzu yibiti bizengurutse ikozwe muburyo bwuruganda (a), birashoboka kubaka agasanduku kari kumugambi nko mu cyi no mu itumba. Ifoto: Vadim Kovalev / Burda Itangazamakuru
Mugihe uteranya igiti cyangwa akabari, birakenewe kugirango tumenye ko atari kashe yatose. Ifoto: "NB"
Akabari, gafunguwe mu cyi mu gikari, kirimo ubushuhe buke kandi ntibukonjesha mu gihe cy'itumba, kigufasha kubigabanya mu bunini no guhitamo ibitotsi n'ibikombe. Ifoto: Dombrus
Kubaka imiterere y'urukuta kuva uturindantoki cyangwa ubushyuhe butari bwo. Imirimo ntabwo ikorerwa mumvura na shelegi kugirango wirinde guswera kwuzuyemo okiside nogutangaza. Mu gihe cy'itumba, umunsi mugufi gasaba igikoresho ahazubakwa kumurika. Biraremereye, ugereranije nigihe cyizuba, imikorere yongerera igihe cyakazi, hamwe nuburyo bwo kumuhanda bigoye rimwe na rimwe bibuza ibikoresho byubwubatsi mugihe cyateganijwe. Muri rusange, kubaka imbeho birahenze kuruta icyi, ariko kugabanuka kwibiciro kubikoresho byibanze byishyura igice kuri iri tandukaniro. Birumvikana, urashobora guha akazi nkiyi gusa nisosiyete ifite uburambe bukwiye.
Kantantin Maslov
Injeniyeri wo kugenzura tekinike gk "izba de lux"
Inyubako cyangwa inzu yo muri Sip Panels izashyirwaho umugambi wamezi 2-3 gusa, kandi uruziga nyamukuru rushobora gutegurwa mugihe cyubukonje. Ifoto: Shutterstock / Fotodom.ru
Kubaka inzu ya skeleton mugihe cy'itumba ntabwo bitera ingorane. Turasaba gukoresha fondasiyo yakubiswe hamwe nitsinda ryu Burusiya, hamwe nigikoresho kidakenewe kandi nta mpamvu yo gukoresha ibikoresho biremereye. Iyo inkuta nibisenge byigaruriwe muri tekinoroji ya Clastic Clastic, ni ngombwa kuzirikana ko insujing zose "sandwich", hamwe nubushuhe bwibanze, hamwe nubushuhe bwibanze, urubura rutose, imvura itose ntibikorwa). Isura irangize hamwe no kumurongo hamwe na panne iyo ari yo yose yemerewe ku bushyuhe buke. Gusa plaster, plastersing na gushushanya ibikorwa bivamo.
Sergey arasetsa.
Injeniyeri wizuba-stroy