Yakagadziriswa zvikamu zvemukati: Zvigadzirwa zvechishandiso, zvinokurudzirwa zvinoshanda zvekuisirwa.
Mufananidzo na D.minkina
Mufananidzo V. Vasilyeva, A. babava
Mufananidzo v.Neplova
Mufananidzo m.Steepanov
Kana iwe ukapisa chishuwo chekugovera nzvimbo yefurati yako, limited nemadziro makuru, pamakamuri ezviparadzaniswa, iwe haugone kuita pasina kuvakwa kwezvikamu. Zvakakosha kugadziridzwa, zvakakosha kuti ufunge kuti ndeipi nzira uye kubva kune izvo zvinhu zvavanovakirwa.
Nehurombo, hapana rusvingo rweimba yako runogona kuendeswa uye kuiswa mune chero nzvimbo, kwaunoda. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti iyo yekuputira yemaitiro ekuvharirwa, iyo yakavakirwa pane inter-store uye epasi pasi uye zvimwe zvinhu zvekugadzira zvivakwa. Madziro anokwidziridzwa mukugadzira maitiro uye ita basa rokutsigira kune carrier inodarika. Saka hazvigoneke kuzviputsa ivo pachako kana kuita mavari pasina mvumo yakakosha yesangano reprojekiti, uye isina kuchengeteka. Zvikamu zvakagadzirirwa zvakananga nhengo yeZonal nhengo yekamuri uye panguva imwe chete, yekupisa uye inzwi rekupatsanurwa kwezvinhu zvakaparadzaniswa. Zvivakwa zvakadai zvinogona kuiswa mumusha watove wakagadzirwa-wambogadzirwa chero kupi zvako, uye kushamwaridzana kwavo neMVK, sematehwe, haakonzere matambudziko.
Muchisimba, zvidimbu zvinofanirwa kupa yakavimbika insulting, kana zvichikwanisika, zviri nyore, zviri nyore kuve nemitoro yezvinhu (izvo, shandisa serutsigiro rwezvinhu zvakarembera: masherufu, makabati, mapepa ekupomba, nezvimwewo Mukuwedzera, ivo vanosungirwa kusangana nehutsanana uye hutsanana uye zvinodiwa zvedziviriro zvinodiwa. Semuenzaniso, yakavakwa kubva pamamiriro ekunze emamiriro ekunze (yakakodzera kushandiswa munzvimbo dzekugara) uye kukwanisa kuramba kuvhurika moto. Mamiriro ekupedzisira akakosha nekuti mukuitika kwemoto, kupatsanurana kwemoto kuchakwanisa 'kubatisisa "murazvo, usingaregi kuparadzira imba. Ino nguva haisi isingasviki maminitsi gumi nemashanu, inofanira kunge yakakwana kuti isvike pakuverenga moto.
Nokuti kuvakwa partitions, vainyanya kushandisa cellular gasi uye furo kongiri kutigumbura, nevhu kana silicate chidhinha, girazi kutigumbura, plasterboard uye yakaoma-faibha machira. Zvinoenderana nenzira yekuvaka, iyo, ichokwadi, iyo gadziriro yezvinhu zvinoshandiswa, zviyero zvakakamurwa kuita giredhi (kubva pane zvidiki-zvidiki-zvidiki (slab uye block-yezvidhinha, ibwe kana girazi zvidhinha) uye chimiro. Kuwedzera kune kuti mbozhanhare, izvi zvivakwa zvinoita kuti zvikwanisike kuchinja nzvimbo yemukati yenzvimbo, ivo vakakamurwa kuita stationary, timu-inodonha uye ichishandurwa. Inpatient (yakatarwa) zvikamu zvinoshandiswa semarenzi akashandiswa akashandiswa. Nezvavo uye zvichakurukurwa.
Zvishandiso zvidiki-zvinyoronyoro zvemadziro asiri emamadziro, zvinowanzoshandiswa, semutemo, zvidhinha zve cellular concrete kana zvidhinha. Zvikamu zvezvikwata zvegirazi zvakakurumbira, iyi ndiyo nzira huru yekufambisa nzvimbo uye panguva imwe chete ichishongedza mukati.
Asi usamhanyisa kuunza izvo kana zvimwe zvigadzirwa pane "yekuvaka nzvimbo", kwawakaunganidza kuti uise chikamu. Ramba uchifunga kuti hazvigoneke pakutakura kusingaperi muparara yako: Iyo inotenderwa pane yakasimbiswa kongiri, iyo inodururwa yakarongedzwa muchivako chekugara, ndeche3 KPA (300 KG / M2), mune zvakanyanyisa Nyaya, 6 KPA (600 KG / M2). Avtadaya, kuwedzera kune zvikwatidziro, zvichiri kutururwa pasi pekupedzisa pasi, akaisa fenicha uye, pamwe midziyo yemhuri. Saka pavanenge vachikurukurirana nekuvharidzirwa kwefurati, musave vane usimbe kukumbira vanogadzira purojekiti yako, vangave vakapedza kuverenga kwemitoro pazvinhu zvakazara uye, vachifunga izvi, izvo zvekuvaka zvakasarudzwa nenzira kwayo. Kana nekufamba kwenguva iyo denga iri kupaza pasi pevavakidzani, "mufaro" wekukurukurirana mupfungwa navo zvinofanirwa kukuwana, uye kwete kune vanyori vezvironga zvekuronga.
Cellular Concrete Partitions
Mesh congcrete inowanzoitika zvinhu. Iyo inowanikwa semhedzisiro yekudya kweiyo yeiyo hupfu ine nyanzvi yePuff-yekugadzira. Haisi mafuta uye zvinobudirira inodzivirira kupararira kwemoto. Krymera, muganho wekudzikisira moto wekuzvidzivirira kwemadziro ekuzvitsigira zvakagadzirwa ne55mm matema emaminitsi ane makore zana nemashanu. Vasungwa vemweya vari mumapendero emusungwa kongiri inopa iyo inovhara yakanaka yekudzivirira insulation hunhu. Mukuwedzera, pores yakavharwa inodzikisa mvura yekubira kwemvura, ichiita kuti iite zvakanyanya kupfava.Chimiro cheushe chinopa kurerutsa cellular kongiri. Zvitongero zvako: Iyo yakajairwa diki block yakagadzirwa neFoam Concrete (GoSt 21520-89) Iyo Saizi yeiyo D600 brand ine madziro gumi neshanu uye inokwanisa kutsiva madziro gumi nemashanu, uye izvi zvavaita akawanda se80 kg). Kubva pano zvinodikanwa kuti udzikise kuoma kwehutachiona, sezvo panzvimbo petende rezvidhinha, dombo rimwe chete rakaringana. Uchishandisa zvidhinha, unogona kukurumidza kumhanyisa kugadziriswa kana kuvaka kwemazuva akati wandei. Uye hazvisi zvekukurumidza chete, gasi-silirate zvikamu uye kuomesa zvidhori zvakakurumidza.
Zvidimbu kubva pamabhawa emakwenzi D400 uye D500 vane yakanaka simbiso: RW) yakaenzana ne15-37 db, yakajeka ye125mm- 44-46 db, uye kugovanisa ndeimwe 25mm thicker uye zvachose 55-57 db.
Blocks kubva kuCellular Autolave Concrete inokutendera kuti ugadzire nzvimbo yakatsiga. Kureba kunoreva kuti zvinhu zvinodhura zvekupedza kupedzisa kwekuparadzanisa kwakadaro, kusiyana nedhinda, kunodiwa zvishoma. Ivo vanovhara ivo vari nyore kuve nyore kutemwa, ivo vanocheka nekupfekwa. Kureruka kwekugadzirisa kweCellular Concrete kunoita kuti uite magadzirirwo ehurongwa hwechirongwa chero chipi zvacho chero chipi zvacho, kupatsanuka madiki, kucheka zviteshi uye maburi emisha yemagetsi, zvigadziko, PIPELINES, nezvimwe.
Zvekushandisa zvemukati zvidimbu, kune zvidhinha zvakakwana zvine gobvu rwegumi cm (wedzera gobvu rekupedza matanda, uye izvi hazvisi pasi pe1-2 cm). Ipapo hapazovi nematambudziko nemagadziro emasuo, nekuti iyo yakajairwa seyakaganhurika yekova haina kupfuura gumi nematanhatu. Saka, nenzira, kubva kune zvimwe zvinhu zvakare), zvine musoro kuti uite ukobvu kwe80 kusvika ku120mm. Uyu saizi inopa zviratidzo zvakaringana pakurwisa moto, cantlerever mitoro uye inonzwika insulation. Izvo hazviite zvisina musoro kuti zviite zvidimbu uye nekuti gobvu raida kuti kuisirwa kwemusuwo block kunofanirwa kutorwa kubva kune yakawedzera kubva plaster kana iyo mudziyo wemanyorero emapuranga. ATO yatove yakawanda yekuwedzera zvinhu uye kuwedzera kwekufungidzira.
Simba reiyo rakapera block chimiro inoita kuti zvikwanisike kuvaka zvikamu zve chero urefu. Paunenge uchiramba, unogona kushandisa ese simy-simende musanganiswa uye akajairwa polymer coment tile glue. Zvidimbu ivo pachavo havangoori chete, asiwo zvidhinha-vanobuda kune iyo chishandiso chekusvitswa nekuisa mumakomba ekusimbiswa kwesimbi: Mumwe mugumo wetsvimbo unotungamirwa muzvimiro zvekutakura, Zvimwe zvinoiswa mune yakasarudzika seam yeasonry. Hwaro hwechikamu chenguva yemberi hwakaenzana neiyo simende-sandy solution. Ipapo mutete wetsiva wokugadziriswa wacho wakamiswa, umo, kumisikidza iyo nhanho, mutsara wekutanga wezvevhudzi rakatsauka dzakaunganidzwa.
Kuenda pasi pasi kunogona kuitwa nerubatsiro rwemafananidzo yesimbi (iyo, ichikwenenzverwa pamadhora). Nzvimbo dzezvikamu zvezvikwereti, dzakabatana, dzakabatanidzwa nejlue. Ndokunge, imwe neimwe inotaura mutsara wehwendefa yakaiswa neyekutanga-kunyora kwezvinhu zvinonyadzisa ne glue uye neyekucheka ndiro yemutsara wapfuura. KSTHHENAM PARUPTIONS yakagadziriswa neGlue (Solution) uye kusimbisa (yega yega 2 mutsara wemabhuruku). Suoway iri yakafukidzwa nematombo maviri-matatu ekusimbiswa kwesimbi (ine diamita ye6mm) iyo mabhuruku akaiswa ne "rotary".
Pakupedzisira, kumwe kufunga. Kana uchishanda ne foam concrete zvidhinha, zvinodikanwa kuti ufunge nezve zvakakosha. Nekuti vane makatsetseka, asi vane guruva rine guruva, rakanyanya kuvhiringidzika. Mhedzisiro yakanaka inogona kuwanikwa, asi isingazvidembi iyo primer: ichave yakakodzera kuiisa, kanokwana maviri maviri zvisati zvaisa plaster.
Foam Concrete Zvigadzirwa Marok D500 uye D600 Saizi Dzakawanda Mabhizinesi emabhizinesi, akadai se "Lipetsk House Stands Zvigadzirwa Chigadzirwa", "Madis" (Chelyabinsk), "Konk" (Saratov), "VETATOV) Moscow Oblast), "Factory yeGreatannel Imba Kuvaka" (Penza), "Penza)," Savik "nzvimbo), etc. Minzvimbo diki yebhivha imwe chete - 20025060mm. Zvigadzirwa 500500100, 600400100, 600300100 uye 600300100 uye 600300100 uye 600300100 uye 600300100 uye 600300100 uye 600300100 uye 600300100 uye 600300100 uye 600300100. Huwandu hukuru hwezvinhu zvakadai, sekutonga, haupfuuri 14-23 KG, uye zviyero zvegometiricha ndezvekuti zvakaringana kushanda navo kuti vashande.
Mumvura yemusuwo, zvinokwanisika kushandisa zvigadzirwa 2390250125mm. Vagadziri vegesi-silirate zvidhinha (nehuremu hwe600 kg / m3 uye zviyero zve600300100mm) kune anosvika makumi maviri. Pakati pavo vanogona kunzi "Lyburesy Kuvaka Kuvaka Block" (Block 600300100mm), "Silte Wall Eskul)," Stary Oskol), "Stary OsKetsk Cellular kongiri pane tekinoroji yeiyo Germany Kambani Hebl. Zviroto zvinobvumirwa kubva pamakona emakonzo, umo geometric saizi kusvika 1 cm, lipetsk gasi remafuta nderechokwadi, uye mishoti iri 1mm, zvinoreva kuti zvinokwanisika kuisa zvinhu zvakadai paGlue.
Mitengo yezvishandiso zvekuvhara kubva kuCellular Concrete paavhareji muRussia Range kubva pamadhora 1 kusvika kuUS $ 1.3 pachikamu. Izvo zvakakosha kwazvo kana uchitenga zvichiteerera kune iyo mhando yezvigadzirwa. Semuenzaniso, madhindiro eD500 uye D600 chiratidzo pane density yeCellular concrete (500 ne600 kg / m3, zvichiteerana). Asi chokwadi ndechekuti zvidyarwa zvedu zvinogadzira zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvekupisa-zvinosimbisa - zvine zviyero zvakafanana, asi zvishoma density (350 kg / m3, Mark D350). Iyi foam concrete maburi haana kukodzera kuti zvidimbu, nekuti ivo vasingapi simba rakakwana remagetsi, uye rakagadzirirwa kuiswa kwekusimbisa kwefurati rakatwasuka uye renzvimbo dzevarwi.
Mapuranga epikicha
Kana iyo nguva yekugadzirisa ichimanikidzwa, uye iwe haudi kubata nemarara ekuvaka uye dope, unogona kushandisa nyore uye nekukurumidza uye, zvakanyanya kukosha, "nzira yakaoma" yePPZLE PLATES (PPP). Plate imwe neimwe inoitwa yekuvaka gypsum uye inoenderana yakaenzana, inobatanidza uye nzvimbo yekunongedzerwa iyo ine kumativi eiyo groove uye muzinga.
Kuparadzanisa kubva papurasisi kunogona kuunganidzwa pane kukurumidza kuiswa, uye mushure mekurasa seams uye priming, iyo nzvimbo yakapera haidi kunyorera layer level Saka iwe unogona kutanga zvakachengeteka pendi, kupedzisa nePolymer Coatings kana Tile yakatarisana. Nenzira, inobvumirwa kugeda kugeda kupatsanura nekukurumidza mushure mekuomesa rugwaro rwekuwedzera, ndiko kuti, mushure memaminitsi makumi matatu kusvika makumi matatu. Mahwendefa eGypsum anodzivirira kuora uye zvipembenene, zvidiki zvekuchinja mukushisa uye humidy haikonzeri deformations mavari. Iyo PGP iri nyore kuona uye maitiro, uye magetsi emagetsi uye mapepa anotorwa mune shangu dzinoitwa nechishandiso chisina musoro. Mifananidzo, magirazi uye zvimwe zvinhu zvinoremerwa zvinonakidza kusvika 4 kg zvinosungirirwa kune chikamu chinopesana neyekupesana neCowels, zvinhu zvinorema (masherufu, etc.) - nemavara. Nekudaro, mune mafungiro evavengi vazhinji, kupwanya-kupwanya-breaking manyoro hakutauri zvakaringana simba (kana zvichienzaniswa nezvidhinha), kana, semuenzaniso, zvinodikanwa kuturika midziyo mizhinji.
Mumusika weRussia, plaster inomiririrwa nezvigadzirwa zveimba yemumba "Knauff Gypsum", uye 2 yemhando yavo inopihwa uye unyoro-hunyoro. Yekutanga yakakodzera kuti zvidimbu mumakamuri chero upi zvake ane akajairwa (kusvika 60%) humidity. Mahwendefa anodzivisa-aneta (zvinokwanisika kuvasiyanisa kubva kune mumwechete mugomba, asi girini) anonziwo hydrophobized, sezvo mawedzera anoderedza kusimudzira kwemvura anounzwa muGypsum. Kubva pazvinhu zvinyoro-zvinodzivirira zvaungavaka zvidimbu mubhavhu, chimbuzi uye mukicheni. Mune ino kesi, cladding psp ceramic tiles kana dombo rakasarudzika rinodiwa. Usakanganwa nezve zvemvura. Paunenge uchiisa zvikamu mumakamuri ane hupfumi hurefu, iyo slab yakamanikidzwa yakavezwa ine mapopoma "nanahf flepinisht", uye munzvimbo dzinovaka mvura, dzakadai se "Knauf Flewithtband".
Varietsies yeCellular Concrete
Foam kongiri ndeyekuremedza cellular concrete yakawanikwa nekuomesa mhinduro inosanganisira simende, jecha nemvura, pamwe neupo. Kunyorova kubva pane foam concrete kunouya zvakasikwa kana iri mumhando.
Iyo cellular autoclave kongiri ine quartz jecha, simende, lime uye mvura yakasanganiswa uye kupinda maAutoclave, uko kuperevedza kwavo kwekupupuma uye kutevera kupora kunoitika. Zvigadzirwa kubva kuCellular Concrete zvinogadzirwa chete mumamiriro ezvinhu efekitori uye enda kunotengeswa nenzira yeiyo yakagadzirira-yekushandisa-kushandisa-mashandisirwo.
Akashandurwa kongiri yakagadzirwa kubva pamvura uye simende-sandy musanganiswa, iyo gasi magetsi anowedzerwa.
Getilcete iri musanganiswa weLime, simende, quartz jecha, mvura uye gypsum, yakabviswa nekuwedzera uye kuomesa mune autoclave kana vaporumerized.
Izvo zvidimbu kubva pane iyo PGP haisi pane iyo concrete chigadziko cheiyo inodarika, asi pane iyo yapera shuwa yepasi usati washandisa iyo yekupedzisa machira ekupedzisira. Kurova glue inokwira kana ichishanda nemahwendefa akajairwa, putty putty inoshandiswa, uye ne hydrophobized- "fogenyler-hydro". Kuti zvigadziriswe kuve kwakaomarara zvakakwana, mahwendefa akaiswa "rotary", uye groove ari kumusoro uye pasi. Sezvo groove inokodzera, sezvo iyo putty mukubatana kwepuzzle inogoverwa zvakanyanya. Panyaya iyi, nyaya yemutsara wekutanga slabs inofanira kugurwa muzinga.
Mabhonzo emusuwo akabatanidzwa screws ine special Dowels. Gadzirira chokwadi chekuti kune imwe chikamu kubva kumahara 66750080mm, iyo Standard Door Frema haina kukodzera gumi nevaviri, ichave yakakodzera kutsvaga ana, 8-centimeter. Naizvozvo, dhizaini nekova yakakodzera kuvaka kubva kumahwendefa nekaruva re100mm (20mm, saka zviri nyore ku "peck" nemapango). Vertical Stove seams, iri padyo nepasuo, haifanire kunge iri pedyo kupfuura 20 cm kubva kumucheto kumucheto. Mukati memukati memakona uye makona, mahwendefa akasimudzwa pamwe nedzimwe nzira inodarika majoini emitsara yezasi. Seams yakaiswa chisimbiso neyekupedzisira "Knauf Fougaurfuller", uye zvekuti, kuvandudza kudenha kwemusoro, shandisa iyo yekutanga manyorerwe se "Knauf tifenggand".
Kazhinji, iyo PGP iyo yakanamatira kune yakatakura inodururwa zvakaomarara, nerubatsiro rwevaita, uye musimboti pakati pedenga uye mibhedha yekumusoro yakavharwa naPutty. Kuti uvandudze insolisation insulation yezvikamu, iyo inonzi elastic yekubatanidza inogona kushandiswa. Mune ino kesi, ine putty inonamira iyo gasket (3-5 mm gobvu) kubva kuhubhu, bituminous yakanzwa kana yakaderera density. Akadaro gasket rinodzima oscillations rinopfuura nepakati pekubereka zvivakwa.
Zvese zvakajairika uye zvinyoro-zvinobata-player plaates zvinogadzirwa masaga maviri: 667500 uye 900300mm, ukobvu - 80 kana 100mm. Kubva pamahwendefa akaradzikwa mumutsara mumwe, zvinokwanisika kuunganidza chikamu chimwe - chinosangana nezvinodiwa zvekudzora kuti zvipenyu zvinonzwika (41 DB). Kugadzirwa kaviri kweSeptum-ukobvu kubva 180mm kunodiwa kana iwe uchifanira kuwedzera insulation yekufambisa kwekupomba, semuenzaniso, yakakura dhizaini pombi yemapipi isingakwanise kuiswa mumabhuruku. Mapapiro ekupaza anogona kutemwa nemapipi ane dhayimendi yekusvika hafu yeiyo sitozizizi, iyo isingapfuuri 40mm. Dhizaini mbiri rinoiswa seinotevera. Chekutanga rimwe divi rakaiswa (mutsara mumwe wemapurati) uye zvese zvekukurukurirana zvakabatanidzwa nazvo, ipapo mumwe. Empties izere nezvinhu zvekushandisa.
Chokwadi, musiyano wekugadzirwa kaviri kwekuparadzanisa (neine ruzha insulting pakati pezvitofu) inogona kunge yakanyanya kudhura. Mushure mezvose, mutengo weimwe ndiro ye66750080mm inenge madhora maviri. Zvakangodaro, kana zvichidikanwa kuvaka chikamu chakareruka chakareruka munguva yekodhi, uye panguva imwe chete zvinodya zvishoma zvekupedza zvinhu, zvakaoma kusarudza imwe nzira kumabhonzo epuzzle.
Zvidhinha zvidimbu
Izvi zvimwe inonyanya kukosha sarudzo. Zvidimbu zvezvidhinha zvinoratidzwa nesimba rakakwirira uye dzirambe dzakakura kwazvo zvinhu zvakakura pazvinhu zvakarembera pavari (Plumbing zvishandiso, mabhuku emabhuku, nezvimwe, zvekunzwa izvo zvakavimbika kuti uve akavimbika). Semutemo, zvigadziko zvakadaro zviri kuiswa nehurongwa hwePollipich (izvi zvinenge zana mm mm) kana pamucheto (80mm), zvakananga kusati kwatanga kuwanda. Kana zvichidikanwa, chigadziko chiri mukuvakwa chinovhenekerwa nemhinduro yeShement-sandy. Tevere, rara denderedzwa remhinduro uye maererano nehuwandu hwezvidhinha. Kune simba rakakura, kugovera kunokura kusimbisa. Zviitire kureba kwehurefu hwese hwekugadzira (yega yega mitsara yezvidhinha) yekusimbiswa kwesimbi neyakajaira ye4-6mm kana strip yeiyo familyete plaster. Zvipengo hazvisi zvinopfuura zana nemakumi mashanu cm kwenguva yakareba, wakaradzika kunze kwezvidhinha, isa pamucheto, wakasimbisa matsime e3- neyakafa neyakawa neyakajaira ye3-6mm.Paunenge uchivakisa zvidimbu kubva pachidhina, isa pamucheto, masonry anotungamira pamwe nerubatsiro rwemutungamiriri kana mumatanho akati wandei. Izvi zvinotsanangurwa nenyaya yekuti kuiswa kwakadaro mufomu rakasviba hakuna kugadzikana. Saka kuti dhizaini yacho haina kuremara, inowedzera imwe nhanho isina kupfuura 1-1.5 m. Tevere, zuva rinofanira kumiswa kusvikira mhinduro yabatwa, uye chete ndokuzoisa iyo yese dhizaini kusvika kumagumo kusvika kumagumo.
Kana chikamu chekota mune chidhina chinoratidzika kunge chisina kuoma, uye hazvigoneke kuvaka zvakaringana kuvaka (mune pollipich) kune chero chikonzero, iwe unogona kudzoreredza masoni neaya simbi yakawedzera waya ine diameter ye1,5 -2mm. Yakaendeswa mukuisa seams kubva pazasi kumusoro. Kuti uwane kuvimbika kukuru, waya inokurudzirwa kuiswa mumhepo yakatwasuka yemasonry yega yega 40-60 cm.
Paunenge uchigadzirira pasi penji kana kuyambuka, Wallpaper zvidhinha zvidiki zvinowanzo kuvezwa pamativi ese uye kunyatso rukuka. Mukati makamuri ane humidy akanyorova, kupatsanurana kwakakodzera kurongwa kwekureba kwekureba (kana kanokwana kusvika 180 cm kubva pasi) zvakanyorova zvinhu, senge cramic mataira kana mvura yecrory acrylic. Kamuri rakarukwa, nenzira, kupatsanurana kunogona kunyudzwa chete kune rimwe divi, uye kune rumwe rutivi, isa tera zvakananga pamadziro ezvidhina, angave ari tenzi akanaka.
Paunenge uchironga kuvakwa kwezvidimbu chikamu, chenjera: Zvivakwa zvakadai zvakanyanyisa (1M2 1/2 zvidhori zvidiki mangwanani 230-250 kg) uye gadzira mutoro wakawedzera pane carrier anodarika. Kuti uderedze huwandu hwekugadzirwa kwakadaro, zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa hombodo kana porous zvidhinha. Nekudaro, chete izere-refu-refu tsvuku inokodzera basa muzvivakwa zvine humbozha (mubhavhu, zvimbudzi), sezvo vamwe (semuenzaniso, chena sishi yezvidhinha) zvakanyanyisa kunyengera. Kunyangwe mudzimba nyowani dze monolitiki, zviri nani kuisa zvidimbu zvidiki sehurefu hwezvidiki, semuenzaniso, mubhavhu rekugezera, dzimba dzekugezera kana pedyo nekutakura zvinhu zvevatakuri (madziro uye makoramu). Kana urefu hwekuzara hwakawanikwa hunopfuura 5 m, zvine musoro kusiya zvidhinha uye uzviwane kutsiva muchimiro chegesi-silirate kana foam concrete mablock.
Ehezve, iwe unogona kuvaka chikamu chinobva pane manomwe-chidimbu kana yakawanda-profiled zvidhinha. Asi inzwi remukati rekusimbisa kwezvinhu zvemazvimedu zvine mwero emukati zvakaderera. Kuti uderedze kutapurirana kweruzha, zvinokurudzirwa kuti ubatwe nehope dzemukati nezvidhinha zvejecha, asi zvinorema, mhaana, uchawedzera.
Paunenge uchigadzirira kuwanda kana kukurukurirana nehurongwa hwekuronga kwekuronga, hatifanire kukanganwa kuti zvidimbu zvidiki zvine zvikanganiso zvakati wandei. Tumira iyo queue, nzvimbo yavo inofanirwa kunyatsoenderana, uye izvi zvinoreva zvekuwedzera zvekushandisa (mapuranga uye kudiwa kwekumbomira kwechiitiko chikuru pakati pe "yakanyorova uye inoshanda uye inoshanda. Pamusoro pehuwandu hwakawanda, zvidhinha zvivakwa zvine imwe nzvimbo isina kunaka, mutengo wakanyanya kunaka. Uye, tinocherekedza, hazvibatsiri zvakanyanya mutengo wezvishandiso, imarii yemari yakawanda yebasa (masonry uye plaster). Shanda pa1M2 Kuisa zvikamu zvine gobvu remucheto nekusimbiswa kwemari inosvika madhora gumi, uye kota yezvidhinha ndeye $ 8.
Kana dziri sarudzo dzezvishandiso, zvino hazvina kujairika uye hapana kuperevedza kwezvakanaka zvigadzirwa. Pamusoro peVashandi veimba ("Golitsyn Ceramic chirimwa", "Kukunda Knauf", "Kukunda Knauf", "Mbuya chirimwa chemadziro emadziro", "Kermas", "chirimwa chekuvaka n 3", nezvimwe. ), misika yekune dzimwe nyika inomiririrwa pamapepa emusika, senge terca uye opiriroc (Finland). Chidhinha chakazara chebresti dzakasiyana-siyana (m-100, m-125, m-150) inopihwa pamutengo we $ 0.-02 (1 PC.). SLITAL BRESS Brands M-75, M-125, M-150 inogona kutengwa nemutengo we $ 0.1 kusvika $ 0.5. Chena silpe zvidhinha mari kubva ku $ 0,1. Mapepa ekutenga zvinhu haisi dambudziko, chinhu chikuru chinoenda shure kwavo hachisi chekukanganwa Dosimeter. Icho chokwadi ndechekuti chikamu chikuru chezvidhinha ndeyevhu-yakasikwa sosi yeradiation kumashure. Zvinoitika izvo zvigadzirwa kubva kumatunhu akasiyana eRussia "tsime", uye uuye nezvinhu zvakadai kufurati, chokwadi, hazvina kukodzera. Saka usati watenga batch yezvidhinha, tarisa iyo nhanho yeradiation kumashure inongodiwa.
Magirazi egirazi
Magirazi egirazi ari "zvidhinha" neakakombama cavity cavity yakaumbwa nemahwendefa maviri egirazi akabatanidzwa pakati pavo, zvimwe zvinhu zvinonyanya kukonzera zvidimbu. Iko kusimbisa ne foam concrete zvidhinha uye zvidhinha zvavanotaridzika zvakanyanya. Anoshanda nesimba, kusimba kwemoto, kupisa moto, kupisa uye kurira hunhu hunhu, kusimba uye, chokwadi, kugona kwakashata. Uye zvakare, iyo magirazi egirazi ari kupisa-kuramba zvinhu, achiramba tembiricha kusiyana kusvika -40 kusvika + 50C.
Imwe neimwe-hafu-terminal girazi "zvidhinha" zvinogadzirwa nekobvu (6-7mm) girazi. Saizi yakajairwa yegirazi block - 190190 80mm (muzvitoro iwe unogona kuwana zvigadzirwa uye zvakanyanya kukosha - 240240 80 cm). Iyo misa inosiyana kubva ku2,2 kusvika 4 kg. Zvakare zviripo angular (kana hafu-ine moyo) zvinhu zvehurefu chimiro (zviyero zvavo 1909080 cm) zviripo. Pamhepo yegirazi remazuva ano inogona kuve yakatsetseka, yakagadziridzwa, yakajeka, matte uye kunyange ruvara. Mune ino kesi, zvigadzirwa zvine zviso zvakasiyana zvinosiririsa munzira dzakasiyana. Iko kune pachena zvachose (neyakajeka kumeso kwemadziro), kupaza-kupaza uye kupaza-kupenya-mutungamiriri (izvi zvinowanzove negirazi remagirazi rine nzvimbo dzakarukwa). Kuwedzera kumhando dzepanyoro, vazhinji vagadziri vagadziri vanogadzirawo vakaumbwa vakatama, angular (yeanoridza makona, makoramu, nezvimwewo) uye kunyange kutenderera. Pane izvi, chokwadika, kugovera hakuna kuvakwa, nekuti basa ravo rakashongedza rakachena.
Zvekumhanyisa girazi mabhuru, chero mafomu anokwira asina kunge ane huswa hombe kana mamwe macustoms anokwanisa kukwenya pamusoro. Izvi zvinogona kuve zvemishongedzo mhinduro, uye "zvipikiri zvemvura", uye zvimwe. Kana mhinduro yacho ikasvika pagirazi pamhepo panguva yekushanda, edza nekukurumidza ichishambidza nemvura. Mukupesana, huwandu hwakaomeswa hunofanirwa kufunga nezve simbi scriper, iyo iri nyore kwazvo kukuvadza block.
Kuti afambire kuiswa kweiyo chikamu, iyo Modular Wooden Grille inowanzoiswa. Asi zvakanyatsoshandisa mashanduri epurasitiki epurasitiki-mapepa ($ 0.25-0.5 phombodo), nekutenda iwe unogona kuzadzisa chinhambwe chakagadziriswa pakati pezvinhu zvakabikwa. Majoini uye seams ari nani kuvhara iyo toni yekudonha kwetizi - saka kugovera kuchataridzika kunetsa. Saka kuti girazi mabhurukwa "akavharika" ne simende, inokurudzirwa kuti isatore mitezo mitatu yematare pakukwirira pazuva. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nenyaya yekuti kune zvakanaka kusungwa ne simende yavanoda nguva yakawanda kupfuura, semuenzaniso, zvidhinha. Sezvineiwo pane iyo PGP, kupatsanura kubva pamatanga egirazi kuchafanira kutsvaga suo re80mm. Iyo yekubuda kubva pachinzvimbo inogona kuve nzvimbo yepasirese yemusuwo bhokisi rinotsvedza. Paunenge uchiisa dhizaini yakadaro, zvakaringana kuisa mitsara yematirirwo muupamhi hwekupatsanurwa uye kusanganisa.
Muchokwadi, nerubatsiro rwemavara akawanda "girazi cubes" iwe unogona kugadzirisa dhizaini yedzimba dzako mune kiyi isingatarisirwi uye yepakutanga. Kazhinji, mabhuru egirazi akarongwa mumhirizhonga, mukicheni uye kunyange mumba yekutandarira, achiparadzanisa imwe nzvimbo inoshanda yefurati kubva kune imwe. Iyo curviinenar zvidimbu zvinogona kuvakwa, nepo madiki radius ari 5 m. Hapana munhu anokunetsa kuti aise girazi madziro nemaparengo nekuda kwemarwiro emukati. Zvichida chete kuisazve kwezvinhu izvi mutengo wakakwira. Girazi mabhuruku ari avhareji ye $ 1.5 kusvika pamadhora makumi mashanu pachidimbu. Iye zvino mumusika weRussia anoiswa zvisingadhuri uye akanyanya emhando yepamusoro emhando dzekugadzira (1 PCS - kubva kumadhora 0.8), semuenzaniso, kubva kugirazi "nyeredzi" nyeredzi. Iyo yakakwana chiyero chemutengo uye mhando inogona kuzvirumbidza zvigadzirwa zveVitrablok (Czech Republic), Saint-Gorce (France), inodhura inogona kunge iri basa revatenzi: Kuvakwa yezvikamu zvinosiyana kubva pamadhora gumi nemashanu kusvika pamadhora makumi maviri nemashanu (1M2).
Frame zvikamu
Kune iyo mudziyo uwandu hwemhando iyi, plasterboard mashitsi, fiberboard uye chipboard inoshandiswa. Iyo yakanyanya kupatsanurwa prema ne plasterboard mashizha (GLC) kubva kumakambani "KNUFF GYPSUM" (Russia) uye Gyproc (England).Pfuti ratidziro neGLCs dzakareruka uye dzakakurumidza kukwira, nokudaro zvakanyanya kuderedza nguva yebasa. Imwe mukana unoratidzira yeGLC iri muchokwadi kuti inogona kugadzirwa nemadziro neyevapundu kana mafomu emafomu, uye magadzirirwo emachira anoderedza zvishoma nzvimbo inobatsira yekamuri inobatsira yekamuri.
Kureba kureba kwePlasterboard Septal Septal Sept (12,5 mm gobvu) kunoenderana nehukuru hwechikamu chemuchinjiko chemuchafaa akashandiswa uye kubva pakati penzvimbo, uye kubva pane mhinduro inovaka. Kureba kwechigadzirwa kwakadaro kunogona kusvika 5-6.5 m, uye huwandu hwa1m2-25-49 kg. Kuti uenzanise: Septum pane huni chimiro (bar chikamu 6080mm) inokwanisa kuve nekureba kusvika ku4,1 m (misa 1m2- kubva pamakumi matatu kusvika ku50.5 kg). Panguva imwecheteyo, iyo yakanyanya kupatsanurana (95mm gobvu) pane imwe chete simpmence, sheatheka neine 12.5-mm pepa rutivi rweshoko rerence rw 37 db uye moto kudzikisira kwemaawa 0,2. Dhizaini yakafanana, asi yatove yakafukidzwa nemapurasiti maviri emapurasithi kudivi rega, inopa insulation yakanaka ku45 db uye inogona kutsungirira murazvo wakashama weiyo nhamba yekare.
Kana iwe uchirembera pane yakaoma chikamu chimwe chinhu chinorema (semuenzaniso, mabhuku ezvemabhuku), ramba uchifunga kuti mutoro wechigadzirwa haufanire kunge wakakura kupfuura 70 kg kune imwe neimwe yemamita imwe neimwe yemamita. Zvinhu zvakati zvakaenzaniswa, huwandu hwezvisingapfuure gumi nemashanu kg (semuenzaniso, mifananidzo kana masherufu), zvinomiswa zvakananga pane plasterboard trim uchishandisa dowels uye screws. GLKL zvikamu zvinotendera iwe kuti uite zvakavanzika wiring. Pamadziro apera, Wallpapers anowanzo smirira kana kushandisa decha rekushongedza, uye iwe unogona kusiira pasi uye pasina kupedzisa.
Mutengo we1M2 wePlasterboard Kuparadzanisa $ 20-50 (kusasanganisa kuisirwa) uye zvinoenderana nekugadziriswa kwayo, kugadzirwa kwechimiro, huwandu hwezvikamu, zvakakwirira uye zvimwe zvikamu. Kuti uite basa rekuisa rinofanira kuwedzera 10-20% yekukosha kwezvinhu. Verenga zvimwe pamusoro pezvikamu zvezvikamu zviri muchinyorwa chinoti "Roman nePlasterton" rakabudiswa mukamuri ino.
Kunyarara kwakazara kunogona kuitika here?
Iyi ndeimwe yemibvunzo mikuru yakabvunzwa nevaya vari kuzoparadzanisa hofisi kubva muchiremba, uye imba yekurara, kubva mukamuri, hama dzaKinoman, hama dzaKinoman dzakagara pamberi peiyo imba yekutandarira yemitambo. Hazvigoneke kuti iwe unogona kufungidzira hupenyu hwakagadzikana uye hwakanyarara kana pakupera kwezuva rakabatikana iwe raunoedza kurara, iwe unomanikidzwa kuteerera kutaurirana mukamuri rinotevera, rumbidzo yevatauri kana chimwe chinhu chakadai. Ehe, uye vhidhiyo yemumba ine ruzha runonzwika harisi kusanzwisisana kuti isasanganisira iyo yepakati simba. Dziviriro ruzha runodiwa. Asi zvikamu zvipi zvinofanirwa kumisikidzwa kuti zvigadzirwa zvipi zvacho zvinofanirwa kumiswa zvekuti vakabatsira mune izvi?
Foundpoling of the closter zvivakwa (inodarika, madziro uye zvidimbu) ndiko kugona kwekuita ruzha rwekuwedzera uye kushayisa simba rekumanikidza (kana servo simba) yeruzha runopinza mukamuri rakanyarara. Panguva imwecheteyo, ruzha rwemhepo (rwunoitika mumhepo uye, nekuda kwemhepo masaisai masaisai masaisai) uye chigubhu (chinoonekwa zvakananga mumakamuri kubva kwavari uye, kutendeuka mukati, inoburitswa mukamuri iri muchimiro chemafungu emhepo).
Mitero yekuvaka inosuma pfungwa yekufunga kwekutarisa (kurira kweInstpulation index - rw), iyo inoyerwa mu madhiri. Ukoshi uhwu haubvi munzvimbo yekamuri, kana kubva mukunyorwa mukati maro uye kunoshanda chete kune iyo inonyanya kuvhara chimiro. MHNSN 2.8 "Zvinotenderwa Ruzha, Vanoshamwaridzana nezvinodiwa nezvivakwa zvekugara zvakakamurwa muzvivakwa: RW ROPA ROPA), 52 DB- yeChikamu B home (kugadzikana mitsva Zvivakwa), 50 DB- yeimba yedzimba mu (dzimba dzekare).
Seruzivo rwekufungisisa, mienzaniso yakadaro inogona kupihwa. Zvidhori zvidimbu kubva kuzere-zvidiki zvidiki zvidhinha, zvine mativi ese maviri, iva neinotevera soundproofing likers: madziro muPollipich (Kuzeya ne150mm Plaster) - 47 DB; wall mu1 zvidhina (ukobvu ne 280mm plaster) - 54 DB; Wall muzvikamu zviviri (gobvu nePlaster 530mm) - 60 DB.
Iyo shoma yemhepo ruzha rwechimiro-chakasimba kupatsanurwa kubva pamashizha maviri eGVL thikes neyekukatanga kwemakumi maviri emamita makumi maviri nemashanu? 50mms brick) ine Airbap pakati pe 10mm mafiramu ari dzinenge 53 DB. Mune ino kesi, huwandu hwakazara hwechimiro ndeche 160mm.
Kana iwe uchizoisa imba yemitambo mumba, zvidhinha secka kana foam concrete mabhuruku inokodzera kupfuura madhiri kubva kuomall, kupfuura yakadzika uye yakakwirira-frequency kurira (uye chii chinonzi cinema?). Iye zvino, madziro eplasterboard anodzivirirwa zvakanaka kubva pakurwadzisa kweimba (semuenzaniso, manzwi emunhu, akakwira sezvinobvira paavhareji mahombe).
Ipo nzira huru iri iyo inzwi rekunzwa kwekamuri - kuwedzera kwehubvu kwekuzvifunga. Kana iyo yakajairwa dhizaini ine 50mms mbiri uye mashitsi maviri eGLC ine gobvu dzinosvika 100mm, chikamu chemapuranga akapatsanurwa ndi 160mm. Mune ino kesi, iyo Inonzwika Instren level ichave yakafanana nechiratidzo chimwe chete kune yakakura madziro emadziro mune imwe brick (280mm). Uye kana chishuvo chako chekuwedzera kukwirira kusimbisa kukuru, iwe uchafanirwa kutsungirira kurasikirwa kwenzvimbo inobatsira. Munguva yekutanga mukuvakira, kwakakosha inspoly insulting zvivakwa uye zvigadzirwa zvakasanganiswa zviri kuwedzera kushandiswa. Asi iyi nyaya yakafara zvekuti inodikanwa kuti izviongorore mukati mechinyorwa chakasiyana.
Zvishandiso zvezvishandiso zvezvikamu zvezvibvumirano
| Zvinhu | Zviyero, mm. | Kupokana moto, ch | Mass 1M2, KG | Inzwi Instpulation Index, DB | Mutengo, $ | Mutengo 1M2 inoshanda, $ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tsvuku yakazara-urefu zvidhinha | 12025065. | 2.5 (ine septum tsickness 120mm) | Dzinenge 260 (muna 1/2 brick) | 45. | 1-1,5 / PCS. | 9-25 |
| Gasi rinovhara | 600250150. | 1.5-3 (ine septum gobvu 120mm) | 7-8 | 37-40 | 25 / M3. | 6-8 |
| Foam Concrete Mabhokisi | 600300100 (200) | 2,5-4 (ine gobvu reChinyorwa Chekuparadzira 140mm) | 210. | 37-40 | 46 / M3. | 6-8 |
| Magirazi egirazi | 19019080. | Kwete isingasviki 1. | 70 (ine huwandu hwehuwandu hwehuwandu hwe2,5 kg) | 40-45 | 2-10 / Pc. | 20-25 |
| Slagoblocks | 39018890. | Dzinenge 1. | Dzinenge zana zana. | 43-66 | 0.4-0.8 / Pc. | 6-8 |
| Plasterboard zvidimbu | - | 0.75-1.9 | 25-50 | 43-55 | 15-22 / M2. | 6-12. |
| Mapuranga epikicha | 66750080 (100) | 2. | Anenge 90. | 41 (for plates gobvu 80mm); 45 (for plates gobvu 100mm) | 10-11 / M2. | 2-3. |
Mitengo yekuvakwa kweiyo intercommerical september kuchiita 42.70 M (Kukakavara mu1/2 brick)
| Zvinhu | nhamba | Mutengo pane unit, $ | Kukosha Kwese kwezvinhu, $ | Mari yakazara yebasa, $ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SLIRIL BRICK | 650 PC. | 0.20 / Pc. | 130. | 141. |
| Armature | 16 m / p M. | 0.50 / pog. M. | sere | Inosanganisirwa mumutengo |
| Mhinduro | 0.5m3 | 20m3 | 10 | Masonch |
| Plaster | 500 kg | 0.10 / kg | makumi mashanu | 113. |
| Putty | 90 kg | 0.50 / kg | 45. | 84. |
| Kucheka zvinhu (kusarudza): | ||||
| pendi | 11 kg | 7 / kg | 77. | 5 / m2. |
| Panels | 21,6m2. | 20 / M2. | 432. | 15 / M2. |
| Wallpaper | 4.5 Rulona | 10 / roll | 120. | Kubva 4 / M2 |