I-LED yi-semiconductor yesixhobo esikhupha umbala wokukhanya. Ihluke ngokupheleleyo kwimithombo yokukhanya yemveli, ezinjenge-Incandesescent Lamp, izibane zeFluorescent kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu lokukhupha izibane. Ucwangcisa njani?
Ifoto: I-Persatim.
Akukho ntambo yegesi kunye negesi kwi-LED, ayinayo i-flask yeglasi ebuthathaka kunye namalungu anokuhamba anokuthenjwa. Imitha yokukhanya yenziwa ngenkcitho yokubuyiswa kwee-elektroni kunye nemingxunya phantsi kwesenzo kwisenzo se-ElecaoRON-HORTORK KWI-EICOLERON-SHEALDE YOKWENZA UMSEBENZI OKUFUNDILEYO . Yintoni?
Oku kwenziwa lula le nto kunokuyicingela i-semiconductor njengee-halves ezimbini zezinto ezibini ezahlulwe ngumdlali weqabane lomtshato. Kwisiqingatha esinye kukho i-therints ebika kakubi (elektroni). Kwelinye icala, i-theritles ethe tyaba (imingxunya). Phantsi kwempembelelo yesuntswana yangoku lifumana ithuba lokuqhekeza ungqimba lo dielectric. Intlanganiso ye-particle elungileyo nengalunganga ihamba kunye nokukhululwa kwamandla ngohlobo lweefoto ezichazwe ngokungqongqo. Kunokuba zombini photons kunye yokukhanya ebonakalayo (zayingqombela, eluhlaza, bhlowu) kunye photons kwi inxalenye engabonakaliyo spectrum, umzekelo, eyingozi okanye infrared.
Ekuqaleni (kumashumi amathandathu), i-LED ivele ivele ivuthayo ibomvu, emva koko iluhlaza, kodwa kuphela ngo-1993 kwadalwa iibhlukhwe eziphezulu. Ukusukela ngalo mzuzu, ukuphuculwa kwezixhobo zokukhanyisa ngokusekelwe kwii-LEDS, ezinokuthi zinike naluphi na umbala wokukhanyisa, kubandakanya mhlophe.
Ifoto: iPhilipping.
Zonke ii-LEDs zinee-LEDs zinoyilo olusisiseko. Babandakanya i-semiconductor chip (okanye i-crystal), indawo efakwe kuyo, abafowunelwa boqhagamshelo lombane, abanxibelelanisi abaqhubi be-crystal, ubushushu besinki, ilensi kunye nezezindlu.
Ifoto: iPhilipping.
Kutheni le nto i-LEB yayibaluleke kangaka? Inyani yile yokuba kukunceda ukuba ufumane imibala yezinye iithunzi. Oku, ikristali ye-LED igutyungelwe yi-lumunephore, ikhanyisa ngokukhanya kwethoni ethile. Itekhnoloji ye-luminorforles yokuvelisa ukukhanya okumhlophe kubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwe-radiation yemitha enye emfutshane, umzekelo, iblue okanye i-ultraviolet ye-luminophore. Iifoto ezivezwe yi-LED, okanye idlula ngendlela engu-lumunephore ye-luminophore engaguqukanga, iguqulwa kuyo kwiifoto zendlela etyheli. Ukudityaniswa kweefoto zombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kunye notywe kudala ukukhanya okumhlophe.
Indlela yokuxuba ukukhanya ukusuka kwii-LED ezintathu ze-LED (ebomvu, luhlaza kwaye luhlaza) lubizwa ngokuba yi-RGB yendlela. Iyenza ukuba ikwazi ukudala ukukhanya okumhlophe komthunzi ochanekileyo ukuba nobuchule bokugxininisa imibala ekhanyayo. Nangona kunjalo, ukwenza i-RGB emhlophe, izixhobo ezinzima ziyafuneka, kuba ii-LED ezintathu kufuneka zisetyenziswe kumthombo omnye. Kule meko, ukukhanya okuphumezayo kudluliselwa ngokwendalo, nto leyo ephambili yombala ophantsi webala elimhlophe oguqula i-Indes yesalathiso efunyenwe yiNdlela ye-RGB, ke, le ndlela ayisetyenziswanga kwizibane ezikhanyayo okanye kwi iiribhoni zokukhanya).
Ifoto: iPhilipping.
Ezona zinto ziphambili kwisixhobo sokukhanya kwe-LED zibandakanya:
- Ngokwenyani, ii-LEDs kunye ne-elektroniki ngokwazo, ziqinisekisa umsebenzi wawo.
- Ukuhanjiswa kwamandla kulawulo lwe-microprocess, abaguquli be-voltage kunye nesekethe yokulawula.
- Izixhobo zokususa ubushushu (imingxunya ye-ventilation kunye nee-radiators).
- Iilensi kunye nezixhobo ezijolise kwicala, ukuxuba kunye nokusasazwa kokukhanya.
Ibhodi yokuhlela Enkosi inkampani i-Phippips ngoncedo lokulungiselela inqaku
