Amanyathelo okhuseleko lomlilo ekhaya - i-flame ihlawulele, ihlangu izitepsi, iintlobo zokucima umlilo.
1- KL-1,
"Ekotherm";
2- "UFeilahas", "Sezhezh Ognebio Pl:" Pyrex ", i-CSDA, CSD, iBhati-1;
3- "UFenaink", "Sezhezh Ognebio Pl:" I-Pyprex ", CSDA, CSD, CSD, CAT-1, OZP-1, ENCOTEM"
I-4- "Preverm Styl", "Faeflex", "Esoterm", e-Oz-1
Yakha indlu, njengoko uyazi, kuphela sisiqingatha selungelo, kufuneka ukwazi ukukhusela. Umzekelo, kwintlekele enjalo, njengomlilo. Sinikezela olu hlaziyo lwemilinganiselo yokhuseleko lomlilo kunye nokucima izixhobo zokuqala zokucima umlilo kufanele kube kwikhaya ngalinye.
Isiseko sokungakhathali
(Icandelo loMphathiswa Weemeko Ezingxamisekileyo)
Xa kufuneka kukhathalele ukhuseleko lomlilo ekhaya
Ukucinga malunga nomba wokhuseleko lomlilo, iyimfuneko kwinqanaba "lesicwangciso". Ngamanye amagama, ngalo mzuzu xa uza kukwakha nantoni na. Okwangoku, umisela indlu yezitena ukwakha okanye ukhuni, sithini isiseko, sithini, indlela yokutshayela ikamva lerhasi, umbane, nokuba ulithambele kwiyadi (iqhubela kakuhle) okanye uqhagamshele kwi-pipiling yamanzi yelali .D. Kwaye isisombululo sendlela nganye kwezi ngxaki yindlela enye okanye enye ehambelana nokhuseleko lomlilo. Nokuba awukrokrela malunga nayo.Elona nqanaba libalulekileyo apho kusonjululwa umlilo khona. Imigangatho yokhuseleko yomlilo ifakwe kwiprojekthi (i-snip211.01-97 * "Ukhuseleko lomlilo lwezakhiwo kunye nezakhiwo", inyoka 2.08. Izakhiwo zokuhlala "). Intsingiselo indawo yeNdlu ngokunxulumene nezakhiwo ezingabamelwane, isimo saso, imigangatho, izinto, kunye nokuyila iindonga, i-onseps, amathuba okuphuma kwe-Ivay.p. Imicimbi yokhuseleko yomlilo iconjululwe nangamanqanaba, kubonakala ngathi inxulumene ngokuthe ngqo kubo: Umbane kunye nomoya, ukungena kwamanzi kunye nogesi. Umzekelo, "ngokufakelwa kombane" wesakhiwo, kubalulekile ukukhetha isitshixo ukukhetha icandelo lomnqamlezo kwiingcingo zombane ngokubhekisele kumthwalo onokubakho, ukubonelela ngesiseko se-RCD kunye nokukhusela. Kwaye iimpazamo kule "mimandla ikhethekileyo" ikhethekileyo ikhokelela emlilweni. Ke, okuninzi kuxhomekeke ekubeni yenziwe njani iprojekthi. Ke ngoko, ukuba nentembelo ngokupheleleyo yokuba yonke into ilungile kule projekthi, kuyimfuneko ukuba isebenze ngokukodwa kwimigangatho yomlilo xa uyila, ngokuzenzekelayo, ngokuzenzekelayo, kwinqanaba lokubonisa. Ngokwemvelo, iinkonzo zobungcali zibiza kakhulu kune "amateur", kodwa wena, njengokuba zisithi, ziya kulala ngoxolo.
Ungawanciphisa njani ukubakho komlilo ukuba indlu sele yakhiwe?
Okokuqala, iyimfuneko:
Yenza unyango lwedangatye lokuhlawula amaplanga kunye nentsimbi;
Ukuthenga izixhobo zokucima umlilo eziphambili (ukucima umlilo, umlilo ubeka.p.);
Nikezela ngokungathanga ngqo (ngokungekho mthethweni) amanyathelo okhuseleko;
Zama ukubuyisela iintsilelo zeprojekthi, ukuba ikhona.
Kutheni kubalulekile ukucinga ngokhuseleko lomlilo esele likwinqanaba loyilo?
Ngokutsho kolwazi lwethu, okwangoku kwi-duma duma iphuhliswa kuMthetho nge-inshurensi enyanzelekileyo yezakhiwo ezizodwa. Eyona nto inokwenzeka, iya kufana nomthetho osandula ukumzamkela 'kwi-inshurensi enyanzelekileyo yokuthuthwa ".
I-inshurensi enyanzelekileyo yaziswa eRussia kwi-Xixv. - Indlu yabucala yayiyi-inshurensi, kwaye izinyo elikhethekileyo lentsimbi laxhonywa eludongeni lwayo, nto leyo, nokuba lona inkampani itshisiwe. I-inshurensi enyanzelekileyo yayikho ukuya kwishumi elinesithathu kwiinkulungwane ezidlulileyo, emva koko yayinganyanzelekanga ukuba 'abarhwebi babucala ", kodwa ngokuzithandela. Kwaye ngoku "ukubopha" kukwenziwa ngokutsha. Kwaye kunokuba uninzi lweenkampani zeinshurensi ziya kuthatha igalelo eliphezulu labo basekhaya, apho amathuba omlilo uphakame (ubuncinci kuyenzeka). Ukuba ufuna ukunciphisa inani legalelo le-inshurensi, yiza nendawo yokuhlala imeko efanelekileyo.
Iqela lomlilo obuyiselweyo lwezinto zokwakha
| Inombolo yeqela | Moya | Intsimbi |
|---|---|---|
| Ukudibana kunikezelwa | ||
| Ukunciphisa ilahleko yobunzima beprototype ngexesha lokudibana kwimodeli echazwe yindlela | Ukufikelela kubushushu bensimbi yensimbi (i-500c) ngexesha, imiz | |
| Ekuqaleni | Akukho ngaphezulu kwe-9% - iinkuni ezikhulayo zabasebenzi | Ubuncinci i-150. |
| Isibini | Ukusuka kwi-9 ukuya kwi-30% - iinkuni ezingafakwanga | Ukusuka kwi-120 ukuya kwi-150 |
| Isithathu | Ngaphezulu kwe-30%-ayiboneleli ngeentambo zomlilo | Ukusuka kwi-90 ukuya kwi-120 |
| Isine | Ayikho | Ukusuka kwi-60 ukuya kwi-90 |
| Isihlanu | Ayikho | Ukusuka kwi-30 ukuya kwi-60 |
| Ntandathu | Ayikho | Ngaphantsi kwe-30. |
Unyango lokubuyiselwa komlilo
Ukhuseleko lomlilo wezakhiwo. Kucacile ukuba kuyimfuneko ukukhusela iinkuni emlilweni kuba kubhekisa kwizinto ezinokutsha. Idangatye eliyithobekileyo lezakhiwo zeplanga iguqulelwa kumthi kwiqela lezinto ezinokutsha, kwaye nezixhobo ezijolise ezingcono ezitshatyalalisiweyo kuphela kwisenzo somlilo kwaye sisasazeke kakhulu. Ezona ndlela zisebenzayo zokukhuselwa-ukuqhubekisa kwii-pastes ezizodwa, ukuthuthuzela, ukuvalwa kunye neepeyinti okanye ukungazithembi.Ngethamsanqa kunye nepeyinti. Ifuthe labo lokuhlawula ilangatye lisekwe kwinto yokuba xa ityhilwe kubushushu obuphakamileyo, ukungqengqeleka okuphelileyo, ukwenza isikrini seShiel-Soksi-shiel-Screen yoMgwebi ongenakutsha. Yenza iipropathi ezifanelekileyo zokuhombisa.
I-Pastes kunye nokuzala kwenziwe i-pastes-factures ekhuselayo ekukhuseleni umlilo, kodwa awunazo iipropathi zokuhombisa.
Izisombululo ezingenakuthelekiswa nanto zesals (i-remoearyrs) ifakwe kumphezulu weenkuni okanye zilawulwa ngokungena nzulu phantsi koxinzelelo. Nika ukhuseleko lwezakhiwo zeplanga kumlilo kunye nokuvezwa komlilo, umzekelo, kwiimeko zomlilo. Kule meko, kuphela ekuhlaleni izinto ezibonakalayo, ezilinganiselwe kwindawo yokunxibelelana ngqo nelangatye. Kufuneka siziphinde emva kwexesha, xa sisetyenziswa, akunakwenzeka.
Ngokwemvelo, akukho nanye kwezi mali yenza ukuba umthi ungavutha, kodwa ngamnye kubo unyusa umda woyilo lokunganyangeki lomlilo. Oku kwenzeka ngokunyukayo ngokwandisa iqondo lobushushu lobunkunkqele benkuni, okanye ngenxa yokwanda ngexesha lokuphilisa umlilo. Ukongeza, zonke iingubo ezidwelisiweyo ziqinisekisa ukucima umlilo, kwaye kwezinye iimeko zingabandakanyi nje ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba kube nje kunokwenzeka ukuba kubekho.
I-Fire Retiarding kunye nengoma yokuNgenisa imililo yokuThumela iiWood Imagazini enikele uphononongo olwahlukileyo (jonga inqaku
"Yintoni oza kuyikhusela isakhiwo somthi."). Ke ngoko, asiyi kuhlala kubo ngokweenkcukacha ngokweenkcukacha, kodwa siya kuxela kuphela utshintsho olwenzekayo kwimarike ukusukela ukukhululwa kovavanyo olukhankanywe.
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, yonke imiphumo esetyenziselwa ukuphathwa kwangaphandle kwendlu yomthi ibonelele kuphela iqela elisebenza kakuhle lokukhusela. Ngoku iimakethi zavela kwintengiso, zibonelela ngeqela lokuqala. Ke, umzekelo, i-NPP "iRogida" ikhuphe ukwenziwa komlilo okusekwe emlilweni "ze-phenjanks", nto leyo, kwixabiso le-300G / M2, ibonelela ngeqela lesibini ledangatye, kwaye ngendleko ze-500g / m2- okokuqala. Ukuqulunqwa kokubekwa komgangatho wamaplanga ongaphandle kuvunyelwe phantsi kwemeko ye-parating ye-upenter enganyangekiyo. Ukungabinamsebenzi, ukubonelela ngeenkuni iqela lokuqala, ukhulule enye i-tserbashchiti yekhaya ". Imveliso ibizwa ngokuba ngu "Doza iFreybio Prof." Kwaye yenzelwe ukusetyenziswa kwangaphakathi (ukuhanjiswa okucetyiswayo- 600g / m2). Unika iinkuni i-tint ebomvu.
Zonke iivarnies ze-FARDOF ezikhoyo ngaphambili okanye iipeyinti eziguqulela iinkuni kwiqela lokuqala le-Flame ukusebenza ngempumelelo ukusetyenziswa kwezakhiwo ngaphakathi. Kodwa i-NPP "yaqengqeleka" ikhuphe "ipeyinti yokhuselo lomlilo kwi-pyrex esekwe emanzini, enokusetyenziswa ngaphakathi kwezi meko, umvelisi ukuqinisekisa ukuqulatha kwelangatye kunye ne-hocories ubuncinci iminyaka emi-5) nangaphandle. Kuyinyani, ngokusetyenziswa kwangaphandle ngaphezulu kwepeyinti, kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa ungqimba lweVernof Varnish (umzekelo, i-LZP-1 ukusuka kwi-120-150) okanye i-enamel (PF -115-115 -Ukusebenzisa i-150-180g / M2, i-NTS-132P-I-110-130g / M2, i-R2, i-RED-16 ukuya kwi-2000). Ukudibana okunjalo kulungiselelwe ukuthintela ukutshatyalaliswa kwepeyinti yokubuyisa ilangazelelo phantsi kwempembelelo yemozulu.
Ukukhuselwa kwezakhiwo zentsimbi. Njengokuba kuyaziwa, intsimbi yokwakha iyaqhubeka, kodwa inomdla kakhulu kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu. Ke, xa iqondo lobushushu lifikelelwe, i-500s, amandla ensimbi incitshisiwe kakhulu, kwaye uyilo luqale ukuthotyelwa. Ngenxa yoko, owona mda wokuchasana komlilo wezakhiwo zentsimbi, ngokuxhomekeke kubungqingqwa bamacandelo kunye noxinzelelo olusebenzayo, yi-0.1--0.25h, ngelixa ubuncinci bemida yesakhiwo somlilo (kubandakanya intsimbi) - ukusuka kwi-0.25 ukuya kwi-2, 5h, kuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lokunganyangeki komlilo kunye nohlobo lwezakhiwo.
Ke ngoko, kuyimfuneko ukuba ixesha lokufezekisa amaqondo obunzima abaluleke kakhulu. Lo msebenzi usonjululwe ikakhulu ngokwenza izikrini zensimbi zensimbi kumphezulu weenxalenye zensimbi. Bayakwazi ukumelana namaqondo obushushu aphezulu kwaye bavumela ifuthe lomlilo kwaye ke vumela uyilo lusindise imisebenzi yalo ngexesha lomlilo ngexesha elichaziweyo. Kuyenzeka zombini iindlela zemveli zokufezekisa le njongo (ngokuhambelana, ukubhatala izisombululo zesanti, ukusetyenziswa kweplanethi ye-Brick) kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-Brick Essestos, i-Premite, iFirmine, iFirmil ye-Mineral, njl. Njl.) . Ukusetyenziswa kwezi ndlela kubonelela ngomda wokunganyangeki komlilo wezakhiwo zentsimbi kuluhlu lwe-0.75-3. Ewe, mandenze ntoni, ukuba akenabi nalunye ulwakhiwo? Ukukhumbula kunokufaka kumphezulu wepeyinti yentsimbi. Kanye nje kwiipeyinti ezihlawulelwayo zedanga lezakhiwo, ifuthe lazo lisekwe kwimbuyekezo yokuqulunqwa kwe-170-200C kunye nokuqulunqwa kwe-suble swist, ubukhulu bayo. Ukusetyenziswa kwezi zinto kukuvumela ukuba unyuse umda wokunganyangeki komlilo wezakhiwo zentsimbi ukuya kuthi ga kwi-0.75-13.
| Igama | Umvelisi | Injongo | Ukukhusela okuphelisiweyo, iminyaka | Iqela leFlethe lokuyibuyisa umthi emva kokutshintsha kobume | Umbala | Parasovka | Ixabiso kwipakethe nganye, i-Huby. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| "I-pheylaks" - ukwakhiwa komlilo umlilo | "Qhule" | Ukunikezelwa kwelangatye lokhuselo ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwendawo | Ukuya kwi-4. | I-1 okanye i-2 kuxhomekeke ekusetyenzisweni | Ayinabala | I-6, i-11 ne-220 kg | I-81, 141 ne-2754 |
| I-KSD-Flasserpresprespresonce | "Qhule" | Ukuboniswa kweFireproof yenkuni ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwendawo | Ukuya kwi-5. | 2. | Ayinabala | I-10 L. | I-210. |
| I-Pyrex-ilangatye lokusasazeka kwamanzi okusasazwa kwamanzi ngepeyinti kunye nokongezwa kweebhayiloji | "Qhule" | Ngombala ohlawula ilangatye lokhuni ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwamagumbi | Ngaphakathi 8, ngaphandle- 2-4 | Nye | mhlophe | I-6 ne-12 kg | I-1092 ne-2160. |
| Ifayilex-200 - i-Doume Scal | Umbutho "Krilak" | Ukhuseleko lomthi, plywood. Ibhodi ye-fiberboard kunye ne-chipboard ngaphakathi kwi-ignition kwaye ubole | Ukuya kuthi ga kwi-15 | 1. Umda we-zero weflakisi ngaphezulu komphezulu | Ngwevu | I-25 kg | I-1500. |
| "Ifayile yefayile-300 | Umbutho "Krilak" | Ukukhuselwa kwe-ducts zensimbi kunye neendlela zokukhupha umsi oqhutywa ngaphakathi | Ukuya kuthi ga kwi-15 | 3. Umda wokuchasana noMlilo 1 h | Ngwevu | 33 kg | Ngo-1900. |
| Ifayile-400 - I-Flame Scalus | Umbutho "Krilak" | Ukukhuselwa kwesakhiwo sensimbi sensimbi | Ukuya kuthi ga kwi-15 | 3. Umda wokuchasana noMlilo 1 h | Ngwevu | 33 kg | I-1400. |
| "I-faeflex" -ukupeyinta obuyiselweyo | Umbutho "Krilak" | Ukukhuselwa kwezakhiwo zobunjineli zentsimbi ezisebenza ngaphakathi | Ukuya kuthi ga kwi-15 | 4. Umda wokunganyangeki komlilo ungaphantsi kwe-0.75 h | Impum ye-mpungwe | 26 kg | I-9860. |
| I-Cl-1- Imveliso yokuLinga | Umbutho "Krilak" | Ukukhuselwa kweerhasi zentambo ngomlilo kunye nokusasazwa komlilo | Ukuya kwi-10 | Ihambelana neemfuno ze-NPB 238-97 | mhlophe | 12 kg | I-8500. |
| Ipeyinti-1- 1- | Omite | Ukukhuseleka komthi ngokuchasene nokujikeleza kunye nokubola | Ukuya kwi-5. | Nye | Ngwevu | I-5 kg | I-400. |
| Ipeyinti-1- 1- | Omite | Ukukhuselwa kwezakhiwo zensimbi ezigutyungelwe ziipeyinti kunye nee-elektroplatings | Ukuya kwi-5. | 4. Umda wokunganyangeki komlilo ungaphantsi kwe-0.75 h | Ngwevu (okanye phantsi komyalelo) | Iseti ye-68 kg | I-9200. |
| "Sezhsez Olnabio Prof" - Ukuqulunqwa okukhuselekileyo | "Ukukhusela umthi" | Ukunikezelwa kwenkuni yokukhusela iinkuni ngaphakathi | Ukuya kwi-5. | Nye | I-tint ibomvu | I-5, 25 ne-80 kg | I-90, 430 kunye ne-1360 |
| I-KSDA 1 / 2- fireproof engabhaliswanga | "Lovin" | Ukuboniswa kweFireproof yenkuni ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwendawo | Ukuya kwi-5. | 2. | Ayinabala | I-10 L. | 248/495 |
| Ibhafu-1- i-FillProof Coating | "Neochim" | Ukulungiswa kwezakhiwo zeWoophu, iindwangu kunye neekhaphethi | Ukuya kwi-5. | 1. Iqela lezakhiwo zeplanga | Isisombululo esibonakalayo | 25kg | 2100. |
| "I-Proverm Styl" - Ukuqulunqwa kweFlether | "A kwaye b" | Ukukhuselwa kwezakhiwo zentsimbi zobunjineli | Ngaphezulu kwe-10. | 4. Umda wokunganyangeki komlilo ungaphantsi kwe-0.75 h | mhlophe | I-25 kg | I-9600. |
| "I-Endoterm" - Ilangatye eliThengisiweyo | "Izinto ezizodwa" | Ukukhuselwa kweemveliso zensimbi kunye neemveliso zentambo | Ukuya kwi-12. | 1. Iqela lentambo. 4. Iqela leemveliso zensimbi | Ngwevu emnyama | Iseti ye-68 kg | 3370. |
Ukucima umlilo okokuqala
Izicimi zomlilo. Zenzelwe ukuba zisetyenziswe njengeyona ndlela iphambili yokucima imililo yeklasi ye-A, B, kunye ne-E (i-E (eklasini kwicandelo lendawo yokuhlala, njengommiselo, akukho zitshisi zomlilo). Imveliso yeyona yangaphakathi kakhulu. Phakathi kwabavelisi abaphambili kufuneka kubizwe "igumbi lokuqala" (i-butlok) kunye "nesitampu" (i-tula).
Izitishishi zokucima umlilo zihlelwa ngokwenani leeparamitha: uhlobo lweearhente zokucima izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo, ivolumu yezindlu, indlela yokondla ukwakhiwa komlilo kunye nohlobo lokuqalisa izixhobo zokuqala. Ngumthamo wezindlu, iziciko zomlilo zahlulwe zancinci ezenziwe ngesandla (ivolumu yezindlu-ukuya kuthi ga kwi-5L), i-40 ukuya kwi-40 ukuya kwi-40 ukuya kwi-40 ukuya kwi-40 ukuya kwi-40- 100l; Izakhiwo zokuhlala, njengommiselo, azisebenzi kolu hlaziyo azifakwanga).
Ngendlela yokubonelela ngee-arhente zokucima umlilo, izixhobo zinokwahlulwa kwigesi eyenziwe ngegesi kwaye phantsi koxinzelelo lwalo lwearhente yokucima umlilo. Kumthombo wokuqala woxinzelelo, iigesi zinokusebenza, zithintelwe ngokuthe ngqo kwizindlu okanye zisetyenzisiwe kwisitshizi esikhethekileyo esibekwe ngaphakathi kwimeko.
Ngohlobo lwesixhobo sokuqala, iindawo zokucima umlilo zahlulahlulwe zaba ngamaqela amabini: nge-valve shutter kunye ne-off-laun-launcher yohlobo lwepistol.
Ngohlobo lwearhente zokucima umlilo kwi-cylinder, izitshisi zomlilo zahlulahlulwe zaba lulwelo, ubugwebi, i-carbon diokside, i-aerosol, powder kunye ne-powder kwaye zidibene.
Ukuhlelwa komlilo kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwezinto ezivuthayo kunye nezixhobo
| Udidi lomlilo | Inqaku leklasi | I-SubClass | Uhlobo lwe-subclass |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kodwa | Ukutshisa i-solids | A1. | Ukudityaniswa kwezinyibilikisi, kuhamba kunye nokuzimisela (umzekelo, iinkuni, iphepha, iphepha, umqhina, amalahle, amalahle, amalahle, amalahle, amalahle, amalahle, amalahle, amalahle, amalahle eMakhadi |
| A2. | Ukudibana kwezinyibilikisi, akuhambelani nokuzimisela (umzekelo, iplastiki) | ||
| Ngaphakathi | Ukutshisa izinto ezingamanzi | Kwi-1 | Ukudityaniswa kwezinto ezingamanzi ezinhwisi zamanzi (umzekelo, i-petiline, i-ether, i-oyile yeoyile), kunye nezinyibilikisi zeoyile (umzekelo, iparafini) |
| Nge-2 | Ukutshisa izinto ezingamanzi ezinyibilikayo emanzini (umzekelo, i-alcohols, iMethanol, Glycerin) | ||
| Ukusuka | Ukutshisa izinto (umzekelo, irhasi yamakhaya, i-hydrogen, propane) | ||
| D. | Ukukhanya kokukhanya (D1), ialkaline (D2) izinyithi okanye i-qualings yensimbi (D3) | ||
| E. | Ukutshiswa kombane phantsi kwe-voltage ukuya kwi-1000V (kubandakanya izixhobo zekhaya) |
I-carbon dioxide yokucima umlilo (o) Banokusetyenziselwa ukucima imililo phantse kuzo zonke iiklasi, kodwa zilungele igumbi lokufundela (i-flamsa enokutsha kunye nokudityaniswa kwemoto kunye nokufakwa kombane phantsi kwe-1000V). Ukutyibilika kwearhente yokucima umlilo kusetyenziswa ikharbon diokside (ikharbon diokside), kwisigaba solwelo, kunye nejetzle, iququzelela igesi kwaye iqinile Ukugcina nokusebenza kwezixhobo-ukusuka-40 ukuya kwi-50c.
I-Post -ated Plus yale miphumo yokucima imililo yokucima izinto ezicima izinto. Bubungqina, kuyindlela efanelekileyo enjalo ukuba kukho iipeyinti ezininzi endlwini, kukho ilayibrari exabisekileyo, njl. Njl. (Ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi okanye izixhobo zomgubo akubonakali apha). Kodwa kukho i-ou kwaye i-CARD. Okokuqala, bafuna ukuthotyelwa kweemeko ezithile zokusebenza kunye nokugcinwa. Umkhuhlane oqingqiweyo awunakuchukunyiswa yizandla ezingenanto kwi-squabble, kuba xa uqhwanyaza i-carbon diokside, iqondo lobushushu linokuba yi-78c kwaye libangele ukutshiswa kwe-thermal. Ukuqinisekisa ukuba isicimi-mlilo sokucima umlilo siyasebenza, kwaye ivalve yayo ayithobeli i-carbon diokside, iyimfuneko yokuqhuba uvavanyo lonyaka lobunzima be-ubunzima. Ukuphinda-phinda-chaza kwakhona - ixesha eli-1 kwiminyaka emi-5. Okwesibini, ubunzima obungathandekiyo besicimi somlilo (intsimbi ene-tee yentsimbi, ibalaselela uxinzelelo olukhulu). Umzekelo, abafazi bahlangabezane ne-OU-8 yokucima umlilo (ubunzima obuyi-16 kg) kunye nobungakanani obukhulu kakhulu kakhulu.
Ukucima umlilo kwi-strom fildiches (OCP). Imveliso yabo iyaphelelwa ngoku. Nokuba udibana nezi zixhobo ngentengiso, musa ukucebisa ukuthenga.
I-Air-Fom Fire Slousishers (Orp) Yenzelwe ukucima umlilo kwi-Classova iv (ayivumelekanga ukuba isetyenziselwe ukucima ufakelo lombane, kuba iJet iqhuba okwangoku). Umgaqo-siseko wokuSebenza usekwe ekusetyenzisweni kwamandla egesi oxinzelelweyo (umthombo wayo sisitshisi esiphezulu) sokukhutshwa kwe-Arhente yokucima umlilo ukwenza i-foam egxothiweyo (ukusebenza kakuhle malunga ne-OHP). Ukutyhubela iarhente yokucima umlilo kwi-orps yasekhaya isetyenziswa zizisombululo ze-arhente ezithandathu kwi-1, nakwisisombululo esingeniswayo nesixhobo esincinci ". Ukunqongophala kwe-OVP kukuba kufuneka bagcinwe kwaye banokusetyenziswa kuphela kubushushu obulungileyo (ukusuka kwi-+5 ukuya + kwi-50c). Ukuphinda-phinda-chaza kwakhona - ixesha eli-1 kwiminyaka emi-5.
| I-OP-1. | I-OP-2. | I-OP-3. | I-OP-5. | I-OP-10. | OU-2. | OU-3. | O-5 | OU-8. | OU-10. | Ou-20 | Ou-40 | I-OVP-5 | I-OVP-10 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ubunzima bearhente yokucima umlilo kwi-Englimiser yokucima umlilo, kg | 1.0 / 2.2. | 2.0 / 3.7 | 3.0 / 5.5 | 5.0/ 8.2 .2. | 10.0 / 16. | 1.4 / 6.5 | 2.1/1/1 6.8. | 3.5/ 14. | 5.6/1 15.8. | I-7/30 / 15.8 | I-14/50 | 28/110 | Amanzi - 3.2; Intlawulo-1 / 7.8 | Amanzi - 6.5; Intlawulo-2/16 |
| Ixesha lokubonelela iarhente yokucima umlilo, c, hayi ngaphantsi | 6. | 6. | Sibhozo | 10 | 13 | Sibhozo | Sibhozo | 10 | 12 | Shumi elinantlanu | Shumi elinantlanu | Shumi elinantlanu | Amashumi amathathu | 45. |
| Ubude bejet ye-jet yomlilo icima into, m, hayi ngaphantsi | 3. | 3. | 3. | 3.5 | 4.5 | 1.5 | 2.5 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 1.5 | 2.5 | 3.0 | 3. | ezine |
| Indawo yokucima i-M2 | 0.41 | I-0,66 | 1.07 | I-1,73. | 4,52. | I-0.45 | I-0.45 | 1.08. | 1,1 | 1.08. | I-2,2 | 2.52 | 0.41 | I-0.5. |
| IGabar, mm. | I-316135100. | 325150130. | 425150130130. | 450320300300300. | 628350355. | 430108314. | I-528110314. | I-572162314. | 790162220. | 1200370470. | I-1200410370. | I-7004001550 | I-450290175. | I-628290220. |
| ixabiso, i-Huby. | 200. | I-250. | 280. | 381. | I-580. | 480. | I-540. | I-744. | 1200. | 1640. | I-3300. | I-5000. | I-420. | I-580. |
| Ixabiso lokuphinda isebenze, ihliki. | 76. | 91. | I-103. | 134. | I-190. | 134. | I-145. | 162. | 226. | 299. | 409. | 657. | I-51. | 91. |
Imilinganiselo ye-Presment yezakhiwo nge-Excouriches yeNdlela (PPB)
| Umda kwindawo ekhuselweyo | Udidi lomlilo | Amandla | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ukucima umlilo | I-powder firebehers zokucima | I-carbon dioxide yokucima umlilo | |||||
| m2. | I-10 L. | 2 l. | I-5 l. | I-10 L. | 2 l. | (8) l | |
| 200. | Kodwa | I-2 ++. | - | 2+ | I-1 ++. | - | - |
| Ngaphakathi | 4+. | - | 2+ | I-1 ++. | - | - | |
| Ukusuka | - | 2+ | I-1 ++. | - | - | ||
| E. | - | 2+ | I-1 ++. | - | I-2 ++. | ||
| I-400. | Kodwa | I-2 ++. | 4+. | I-2 ++. | 1+ | - | 2+ |
| (E) | - | I-2 ++. | 1+ | 4+. | I-2 ++. | ||
| I-800. | Ngaphakathi | 2+ | - | I-2 ++. | 1+ | - | - |
| Ukusuka | 4+. | I-2 ++. | 1+ | - | - | ||
| I-1800. | Kodwa | I-2 ++. | 4+. | I-2 ++. | 1+ | - | - |
| (E) | 2+ | I-2 ++. | 1+ | 4+. | 2+ | ||
| Uphawu lwe "+" "" "ubonakalisa izinto zokucima umlilo zomlilo ezicetyiswayo ukuba zixhobise; uqhele "+" - "- amacebiso omlilo, ukusetyenziswa kwayo kuvunyelwe ekungabikho kungekho kunye nokugwetyelwa ngokufanelekileyo; Sayina "-" - iindawo zokucima umlilo ezingavumelekanga ukuba zixhobise ezi zinto |
Zingaphi kwaye zithini iindawo zokugcina izilwanyana kufuneka zibe nayo endlwini
Kwindawo yokuhlala, imilinganiselo yokuxhobisa ukucima umlilo, ngelishwa, ingekho. Abasemagunyeni bahlala beyikhupha eyabo imiyalelo ngalo mbandela. Umzekelo, oko kubonisiweyo kwi-ANNEX kwiSigqibo sikaSodolophu we-Astorkthan N 2767-m Joogle 8, 2003:"Uluhlu olucetyiswayo ukuba luxhotyise indlela eyintloko yendawo yokuhlala yokucima umlilo kunye nezakhiwo zezakhiwo zabemi:
Nye. Izindlu zokuhlala zendawo yokuhlala: I-OP-10 yokucima umlilo, i-barrel yamanzi kunye nebhakethi (ifakwe ehlotyeni), i-carpenter ax.
2. Izindlu zelizwe: I-OP-5 yokucima umlilo, umgqomo wamanzi kunye nebhakethi (ifakwe ehlotyeni), umchweli i-Ax.
3. Iigaraji ezihleliweyo: I-Eng Stricisusher OP-5.
Iingcingo zethu ziyacetyiswa ukuba zimisele inani elifunekayo lokucima umlilo ukusebenzisa "imithetho yokhuseleko lomlilo (i-PPB), elawula inombolo yabo kumaziko emizi-mveliso. I-Webebrs Siveza itafile ngezi zindululo, ngokutsho, ngendlela, ungaqikelela ekusebenzeni kokusebenza kweMililo yeentlobo ngeentlobo zeentlobo ezahlukeneyo.
Ubeka phi umlilo wokucima umlilo? Ewe kunjalo, ibhaluni ebomvu eqaqambileyo (okanye enye), exhonywe eludongeni lwendawo yokuhlala, ayiyi kongeza i-aesthetics. Iibhokisi zokugcina umlilo zanamhlanje ziyakwazi ukuguqula kwakhona, zipeyintwe ngombala omhlophe okanye wendlovu. Basenokungakwazi ukunqanda igumbi, kodwa umtshili omlilo wokukhawulezisa uye kwamehlo uyakuyeka. Ewe, kwaye iya kuba luthuli oluncinci.
Uninzi. Kumnandi kakhulu ukuba neqhekeza elikhulu lodonga lokucima umlilo endlwini. Le yinto ebaluleke kakhulu yokufumana indawo evuthayo kwinqanaba lokuqala lomlilo, icime impahla evuthayo kwi-oxyore echaphazelekayo, khusela uyilo olunokwenza umlilo (kubandakanya) imisebenzi). I-CAT yenziwe okanye ivela kwi-Asbestos, okanye ivela kwi-fiberglass. Ubungakanani-1.351.35; 1.351.5 kunye ne-1.52m. Ubungakanani: Ificklass, ukusuka kwi-0.4 ukuya kwi-0,8 mm; I-Asbestos ukuya kwi-2.42mm. Sivelisa ikati amashishini anjengoku "I-Watsi" (i-volzhsky) kunye "novoiks" (iVanovo). Iindleko zisusela kwi-380 ukuya kwi-720 ruble. Ikati yanamhlanje inobuhle kakhulu, ilula ukuyisebenzisa kwaye ilunge ngakumbi ingubo eqhelekileyo (enoxolo ngokuthetha ngeenyembezi). Wakhupha kumnini wentsimbi, wangcangcazela kancinci, kwaye wayesele ephendulwe. Ihlala kuphela ukuyiphosa kugxininiso lokuziphatha, kwaye xa yonke into iphuma, qengqeleka kwaye ubeke indawo.
Iimpawu zokuzixhasa
| Uhlobo lokuzixhasa | Sp-20 | I-SP-50. |
|---|---|---|
| Ixesha lokukhusela, imiz: | ||
| -ukukhutshelwa | Hayi ngaphantsi kwe-20. | Ubuncinci i-50. |
| -Ukulinde uncedo | Ubuncinci ngama-40. | Ubuncinci i-150. |
| Ubunzima benxalenye, kg | 1.5 | 2.5 |
| Imilinganiselo iyonke, mm | I-118203213. | I-140260330. |
| ixabiso, i-Huby. | I-1470. | 2020. |
Iimpawu zenkqubo ye-omes yegesi ezenzekelayo yegesi
| Uhlobo lwesixhobo | Igesi | Umlawuli | Indlela yokusebenza | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imodeli | HB-362. | - | I-HD-703 (1/2 ') | I-HD-704 (3/4 '') | I-HD-705 (1 '') |
| Imilinganiselo ye-MM. | I-1155645. | I-14510044. | I-14711897. | I-15711897. | 16711897. |
| Ubunzima, g. | 290. | 480. | I-620. | I-630. | I-640. |
| Ukusebenza kweqondo lokusebenza, kunye | Ukusuka -20 ukuya kwi +40 | Ukusuka -10 ukuya kwi +40 | Ukusuka-30 ukuya +75 | ||
| Uncedo lwamandla, kwi / em. Amandla, w | I-220 / 2.7 | I-220 / 1.9 | I-220 / 0.8 iguqulwe ibe yi-12V ngokusisigxina | ||
| Isalathiso esilula | Ukubandakanywa kwinethiwekhi-i-bulb eluhlaza | I-Valve ivulekile eluhlaza, i-valve ivaliwe | - | ||
| I-alamu e-alam | I-Beeps, ifutha i-bulb etyheli etyheli | I-CODKI (70 dB kwaye iphezulu), ivutha i-bulb ebomvu | I-CODKI (70 dB kwaye iphezulu), ivutha i-bulb ebomvu | ||
| Ixesha lokuphendula, nge | I-30- Imveliso kwimodi yokusebenza emva kokubandakanywa kwinethiwekhi | Akukho ngaphezulu kwe-10 emva kwealam | Akukho ngaphezulu kwe-10 emva kwealam | ||
| ixabiso, i-Huby. | Kwi-Kit- 5400, islessor eyongezelelweyo- 1450 |
Abanini bendlu entsha malunga nokufunyanwa kwemikhono bangacingi-yonke into kufuneka ibandakanywe kule projekthi kwaye ifakwe kwinqanaba lokwakha. I-AVT kwi-AVTE i-Averipper yabucala iya kuthatha isixhobo senkqubo yokucima umlilo. Kuyanendlela elithi ngokuya kufuna ubuncinci, kwaye "kwimeko yoMlilo" iluncedo kakhulu. Ukuba ubude bomgangatho oqhelekileyo ayonelanga ukufikelela kwikona ekude yeNdlu, kufuneka ufumane imikhono embalwa.
Amanyathelo okhuselo lomlilo ngokungathangameli
Imaski ezikhuselayo. Shiya indlu evuthayo (indlu) xa umendo wokukhutshelwa kukhutshwe, akukho lula. Ayimangalisi ke into emcibeni, eyona nto iphambili yamaxhoba amaxhoba okubanjwa, ukuba, ukuba phakathi kwemozulu, engakwazanga ukoyisa iimitha ezininzi ukuya kwindawo ekhuselekileyo okanye i-Resigers kunye nabacimi-mlilo. Ukugubungela ingubo - ukwamkelwa akunakuphepheka: kwaye akukho nto yokuphefumla, kwaye apho ingabonakali. Kuyinto elunge ngakumbi ukusebenzisa imaski yokukhusela, ekhusela ngokuthembekileyo kunye namehlo anokutshaya kunye negesi enetyhefu, kunye nentloko, kwi-spark kunye nexesha elifutshane ngomlilo ovulekileyo.
Ifumaneka kwiindidi ezininzi zeemaski ezikhuselayo (zonke izinto ezingenamsebenzi):
Ukukhusela i-hood "phoenix" ("Intengiso ye-EPICENT") iqulathe i-cap eyenziwe ngefilimu ye-Polyamide, i-Filthang-Abuting-Abenong-Abuting Anment yeZinto ezahlukeneyo zeZinto ezahlukeneyo (i-8-9MM) kunye ne-silicone ihluthwe. Izinto ezibalulekileyo ze "Phoenix" - ukuSebenza (Ubunzima-akukho ngaphezulu kwe-90g, imilinganiselo ye-1083cm) kunye nendawo elungele abantwana (kodwa hayi ubudala bebele). Icebo lokucoca i-filter limanyanisiwe ukubonelela ngaphezulu kwe-20 yeekhemikhali eziyingozi kakhulu, kubandakanya neemveliso zokudibanisa. Ubomi beshelups ubuncinci iminyaka emi-5. Ixabiso - 1429 Hub. (Kwixesha elizayo, ngokomenzi, iya kuncitshiswa).
Imveliso yegesi ye-GDZK . Isixhobo sokukhusela esihlafunayo, silungele abantu abadala kunye nabantwana ngaphezulu kweminyaka eli-10. Ine-hood ye-hood, isiqingatha se-masve, i-valve ye-valve, i-clithay-clitring cartridge kunye ne-headband. Ixesha lokukhusela liyimizuzu eli-15. Imilinganiselo ngokubanzi kwiphakheji - 180180130mm. Ubunzima-800g. I-Waranti yeShelf Life- iminyaka emi-3. Ixabiso, i-1285.
Abaxhasi bafaka i-sp-20 kunye ne-sp-50 ("Tambov Nihi") yindlela yokukhusela ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elinye kunye nokulungele abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka eli-16. Ngokuyintloko, oku kukufaka imaski yegesi apho ioksijini ayikho kwiisilinda, kodwa kwifom enxulumene nemichiza. Ubomi baseSoranti yeShelf- iminyaka emi-5. Isondlo asidingi. Ifumaneka ngolungiso lwesibini elinexesha elahlukileyo lokhuseleko. (Ingqalelo! Kunqatshelwe ngokungqongqo ukuphosa abaxhasi ngephexwane! Umvelisi ubonelela abantu abaza kubuyisela umbutho worhwebo kwaye bafumane entsha kwisaphulelo se-20-30%, apho urhwebo Umbutho kufuneka ugqibe ngomenzi isivumelwano esifanelekileyo.)
Imaski kufuneka ilele kwindawo apho uza kuyifumana khona ngamehlo. Lowo ubuncinci wasebenzisa le mpahla okanye wabona indisa abantu ubomi, ukungqina isidingo sokuba nayo iphelele.
Iinkqubo zerhasi ezenzekelayo. Kwimeko yomlilo, igesi inikezela kwiNdlu kufuneka ivaliwe kwangoko. Kungcono ukuba i-automation iyakuthatha olu luxanduva kuba abantu abakwimeko ezinjalo abakho kwaphela ngaphambili. Ixesha elide, iinkqubo ezibizwa ngokuba ziinkqubo zeshishini zaziwa, zigqume ngobonelelo ngegesi kwiimeko zongxamiseko. Kodwa ukufezekisa lo msebenzi, bafuna umbane. I-AV kaxakeka kube kanye idla ngokungekhoyo. Kutshanje, kukho iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zerhasi ezenzekelayo yegesi, eyenziwe yi-hankyook yegesi kiki co. (yu. Korea). Ikhithi inombhalo wegesi, umlawuli kunye ne-activator.
Ungafaka zombini izilonda zegesi, ezinje ngegumbi le-boiler nakwiikhithi. Umgaqo wokufunyanwa kwe-leakyishini-I-Catalytitic oxization, ivumela i-sevar, ivumela i-ransor yegumbi (i-Butthane, i-Ethane, i-Ethane) . I-ARMUTOT ifakwe kwi-valve yerhasi yegalelo kwaye yenzelwe imibhobho kwi-1/2, 3/4 '' kunye ne-1 '' (imodeli eyahlukeneyo). Amaphupha afanelekileyo kwiinkqubo zemveliso, akazange abe yinkqubo yokubonelela ngegesi, kwaye aqhotyoshelwe apha ngasentla ukuya kumbhobho kunye nesibambo se-valve yegesi. Omnye umahluko ngumbane, ufuna kuphela ukuze agcine ivalve ejikeleze ilizwe evulekileyo (oko kukuthi, alichitha kancinci). Inkqubo yokuvala ivalve iyenzeka ngenxa yamandla okuqhuba intwasahlobo, ubunzima xa kuvulwa. Umlawuli unokufakwa kuyo nayiphi na indawo efanelekileyo. Xa irhasi ivuza ifunyenwe, inkqubo inika ukukhanya okukhanyisayo kunye nemiqondiso yesandi kwaye ixhamla irhasi kwiNdlu (indlu). Le yokugqibela iyenzeka kwiimeko ezimbini: nje ukuba irhasi ivela emoyeni yamagumbi apho kufakwe khona iinzwane, kwaye xa umbane ucinyiwe (lo ngumqondiso ofanayo). Kuyenzeka ukuba ukuqhubekeke kwakhona ngegesi kuphela, ngelixa udubula intwasahlobo.
Iinkcukacha zokuhlangula
| Iimpawu | Isitepsi esisongelayo esinamanyathelo ukusuka kumbhobho | Isitepsi esingenayo | I-StairsesCal eqhotyoshelweyo yokuhlangula "ithuba" |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ubude, | 6. | 6. | I-6 ne-12. |
| Isebenza | I-110. | I-110. | I-720. |
| Umthwalo, kg. | |||
| Ububanzi bezitepsi, m | I-0.35 | I-0.4. | I-0.35 |
| Ubungakanani bemeko esongelweyo, m | I-0.30,30,5 | I-0,350,150,5 | - |
| Ubunzima, kg. | I-5,8. | 7.5 | 4.5 no-9. |
| ixabiso, i-Huby. | I-6142,86. | I-5847,62. | I-5857.14 kunye ne-8476,19 |
Indlela yokuBuya ngayo ezo okanye ezinye izinto ezingekho zimpazamo zeprojekthi
Amanyathelo athathiweyo kule kwaye abizwa ngokuba luxanduva. Bacinga ntoni? Ukuba kwindlu enye onokuxhobisa, ngaphandle kweyona nto iphambili, nayo i-fireman, emva koko kwenye ukuba yenze izizathu ezininzi azinakwenzeka. Ukunqongophala kokuphuma kwesibini kuya kubuyekezwa, umzekelo, ngokufaka isitepsi sokuhlangula, kwaye ukuba indlu enkulu kakhulu, izinyuko ezininzi. Ngokuthengwa kwezitepsi ezinjalo kwaye ziyibeka phantsi kwebhokisi enye kwibhokisi ekhethekileyo (kwifom esongelweyo ithatha indawo encinci), ungathandabuzi, kunye namakhaya akho kwimeko yokukhusela ihla umgangatho ophezulu emhlabeni. Ngokwemvelo, kuyimfuneko ukubonelela kwangaphambili eludongeni phantsi kwefestile okanye ngaphezulu kwefestile yokuvula i-anchor ukulungisa izinyuko.
Ukhetho lwezitepsi lubanzi kakhulu. Okokuqala, ezi ziimodeli ezisongelayo ezinamanyathelo ukusuka kumbhobho okanye umthi. Uyilo ngamanyathelo apripping zenziwa ukusuka kwi-themo ye-switch ye-shedhetic (i-slings), ibalaselela umthwalo kwi-1000kg. Ukwenza iimodeli ezichaphazela imililo ezinganyangekiyo ngamanyathelo ezenziwe ngentsimbi, iintambo zentsimbi okanye intambo zisetyenziswa. Ubude bezinyuko buhlala buyi-6m, kodwa kukho ubude be-12m. Inyathelo lenyathelo 350mm. Inxalenye engaphezulu inikezelwa yi-carbine ezimbini, okanye i-hooks esetyenziselwa ukukhusela uyilo, kwaye indawo engezantsi iphela ngeelogo ezinokusebenzela ukudibanisa izinyuko ezininzi.
Izinyuko zinokusetyenziswa kwizakhiwo eziphakameyo eziphezulu kwi-Windows, iLoggias kunye ne-balcories kumgangatho ophantsi okanye umphezulu. Ixesha lokuphela komntu omnye ukusuka kubude obuyi-12m yimizuzu emi-3-5.
Xa ukhetha izitepsi, amanqaku amabini kufuneka athathelwe ingqalelo:
Ilungele abantwana ukuba bawe izinyuko ngamanyathelo e-tubula, kuba iingubo zazo zincinci kakhulu ukuba zibambe inqanaba le-thew.
Kuyinto elula kakhulu ukusebenzisa izitepsi zensimbi eziyilungisa kumgama othile ukusuka kudonga (izitebhisi ezinamanqanaba omthi angenzi).
Kwimvelaphi ukusuka kumgangatho ophezulu wezakhiwo zokuhlala, banokusetyenziswa nangaphezulu, njengoko besitsho ngoku, "iimveliso" ezigqithisileyo, iibhloksi zeebhloko, iibhloksi, bobabini abantwana nabadala. Ngokubanzi, phantse izixhobo zokukhwela, ezinokunikwa kwiseti okanye iiseti (umzekelo, "iseti yokuhlangula" okanye "i-slip-iqabane", "i-swing" imodeli). Amaxabiso ezi zixhobo athobekileyo, kwaye kunokwenzeka ukuba ihle kwaye isondele kuwo nawuphi na umgangatho ngqo emhlabeni. Kodwa, ngaphambi kokuba ifunyanwe, kuya kuba kuhle ukudlula "kwikhosi yomlo omncinci" kwicandelo lokukhwela. Ngaphandle kwezakhono ezithile, kudala ukusebenzisa le mpahla.
Yiyo loo nto, mhlawumbi, yonke into ekufuneka ichazelwe ngemilinganiselo yokuthintela imililo, ekufuneka ithathiwe kwangoko emva kokuphela kokwakhiwa, kunye neendlela eziphambili zokucima umlilo. Ngobodwa, ezi ngxowa-mali yomlilo aziyi kubaxabela, ngabantu abasendlwini (indlu) banokuthi basebenze ngexesha lomlilo. Ewe, kwaye ukuba ukuba abadideki emehlweni edangatye. I-Achto inokusindisa indlu ngomlilo ukuba iphakamile xa ingabikho kwabanini? Kwaye izixhobo ezinjalo zikhona, ezi ziinkqubo zokukhusela umlilo ezibandakanya ukusayina kunye nokucima iinkqubo zokucima umlilo ngokuzenzekelayo. Kodwa eli bali lahluke ngokupheleleyo ...
IOfisi yoHlelo enkosi nge-NGO "i-pullse" kunye neziko lokunxibelelana nolwalamano lwe-GPS Gochsg. I-Moskva yoncedo ekulungiseni loo nto.