Sithini ikamva elilinde ukwakhiwa kwebali elisihlanu lokusukela ngo-1959 ukuya ku-1985; Yintoni ephantsi kokudilizwa, kwaye kwenzeka ntoni kwakhona kunye nokwamkelwa. IMIQATHANGO YABASEKHAYA NGOKUGQIBELA kunye nemizekelo yokumilisela ezi projekthi.
Izakhiwo ezindala nezingagungqiyo zikweliphi na ilizwe nakwisixeko. Kodwa isakhiwo esidala sisisa esidala. Inye into sisikhumbuzo soyilo okanye indlu apho wayehlala khona umntu odumileyo. Kunye nenye imeko-enemigangatho emihlanu "khrushche". Kwizixeko ezikhulu (okt kakhulu) izixeko zelizwe lethu, baba yintloko ebuhlungu. Ukunxila ngokwasemzimbeni kwale zakhiwo sele kusondela kwixesha lokuba zenziwe ngokungafanelekanga. Nangona kunjalo, kusekho abantu abaninzi abafuna ukushiya kwenye indawo
Akukho mfihlakalo yokuba ezi zindlu zenze ukuba abanini zindlu bawonwabileyo abangamagumbi athile, kwiminyaka engama-35 ukuya kwele-35 edlulileyo, ngokuziphatha, kunye nokunxiba kwawo, kunye nokunxiba kwazo kwiimeko ezininzi kufikelela amaxabiso afikelela amaxabiso afikelela amaxabiso afikelela amaxabiso afikelela amaxabiso afikelela amaxabiso afikelelayo. Ngokubanzi, ingxaki yezakhiwo ezinemigangatho emihlanu ixakeke kakhulu. Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, ukuba uyadiliza zonke izindlu zephaneli kulo lonke ilizwe, iya kubangela imfuneko yokubuyisela i-15-16 abahlali basezigidi zedolophu. Yintoni ke, ifuna ubutyebi bezinto ezibonakalayo ezinkulu, zeliphi ilizwe. Ke ngoko, ikamva lezakhiwo ezinemigangatho emihlanu yeza ngokwahlukileyo, kuxhomekeke kuyilo lwabo, ubudala kunye nesidanga sokunxiba. Ukuqonda ukuba kutheni le nto ezinye izindlu kufuneka kupheliswe, ngelixa ezinye ziphuculwa kunye nokwakhiwa kwakhona, masibuyele ekuqaleni kwesakhiwo sekhaya.
Uhambo lwembali
Eyona nto imangalisayo kukuba ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo ezinamasihlanu zothotho lwe-Mass, ukuqala ngo-1959, kwaphela kuphela ngo-1985. Ngeli xesha, malunga ne-290ml2 kwindawo epheleleyo yezakhiwo ezinemigangatho emihlanu yavela kuyo yonke iRussia, emalunga ne-10% yendawo yokuhlala yelizwe. I-WMOSKO, ezi zindlu zokuqala zakhiwe kwikota yesithoba ikota yemisitho entsha, indawo yazo iyonke yayiyi-36mlm2. Izakhiwo zakhiwe kwizinto ezahlukeneyo kwaye zahluke kuyilo: ibhate, enkulu yokulala, isikhombisi esikhulu. Lilonke, kukho iziqendu ezili-13 eMoscow: I-7, II-32, II-35,1-46,1-46,1-5111, I-1-515 / 5, 1605 ne-1605a. Eyona ithandwa kakhulu kwintsimi yaseRussia yayizakhiwo zendawo yokuhlala ye-1-464,1-464a, 1-464DD; I-Central kunye neMpuma yeLizwe lelona candelo liphezulu lokusasaza 1-468,1-4688A, 1-468b, 1-46D; ESiberia kwaye iMpuma Ekude yakhiwe kwinguqu yasekhaya 1-335.1-3355D.Kwinqanaba lokuqala (1959-1963), izakhiwo zendawo yokuhlala ye-K-7, II-32, II-32,1-464, 1-368,1-335 zakhiwa. Ngokwemvelo, babakha ezantsi, besebenza ngelo xesha. Olona ncedo lukhulu lwezindlu zenqanaba lokuqala, ngakumbi uluhlu lwe-K-7, yayiyindleko ephantsi. Iindonga ze-Inris zangaphandle ezivela kwiiphaneli zekhonkrithi ze-ceram ezikhanyayo ze-cenerties ze-cenral engonelanga kunye neengcango ze-salcony kunye ne-balcony iminyango, igumbi lokuhlambela eliphantsi, i-birchings, i-Demer Powrobes, idlula amagumbi okudlula. Kodwa eyona ndlela yobukrakra yinqanaba eliphantsi lokwenza kunye nokufakwa kwabo kwindawo yokwakha, echazwa kukunqongophala ngokupheleleyo kokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo ezinesifreyitha ezigcweleyo.
Ngokuziphatha kwale minye ibuziweyo, i-C1961 phen phelelo yayiyibukele ngononophelo. Ngenxa yoko, iziphene ezininzi kunye nomonakalo kwimibutho yatyhilwa. Ezona zixhaphakileyo kwaye zibalulekile: Ukonakala kophahla olunamanzi, i-sediment (ngenxa yokunqongophala) ukufuduswa) ukufuduswa kweephaneli zodonga ezintathu kwaye, ngenxa yoko, ukukhulula ngaphezulu. Khange azive iimvavanyo zexesha kunye nezixhobo ezisetyenziselwa ukutywina iziqwengana phakathi kweephaneli zodonga. I-seames igubungele ngentambo yesamente-isanti etywiniweyo kunye nesandla sesandla-isanti. Iifestile ze-windows kunye ne-balcony zandonyusa ukuqaqanjelwa komoya. Imikhono ye-K-7, II-32, II-35 yafunyanwa imingxunya eludongeni kwaye igqunywe ziiphaneli ezigqithileyo. Ngoku, emva kweminyaka engama-35 ukuya kwengama-40 yokusebenza, ukunxila kwezakhiwo zokuhlala kweSigaba sokuqala yokwakha sele inkulu kakhulu. Kulo mzekelo, kuxhomekeke ukudilizwa, ekubeni technologies zokwakha ezisetyenziswa musa ukuvumela ukuba ukuyilandelela.
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, zingama-2284 izindlu ezinemigangatho emihlanu enendawo iyonke ye-7292554m2 kwidolophu. Kwezi rimbi 13 iiyure ezili-1320 (422316) kunye neephaneli ezingama-964 (30693877m2). Ukuphunyezwa kwengingqi yeMoscow Inkqubo yokwakhiwa kwakhona kwezakhiwo zokuqala zochungechunge lokuqala ziya kuvumela ukuba ziphumeze inguqu enkulu yezakhiwo zokuqala zezakhiwo zokuqala zezakhiwo zokuqala, ukonyusa ubungakanani besitokhwe sezindlu Nge-2500-3000 yamawaka i-m2 yendawo iyonke kwaye iphucule iimeko zokuphila kwabantu kule ndawo. Kulindelwe ukuba iindleko ezithile zobushushu bokufudumeza kunye nokunikezelwa kwamanzi ashushu ziya kuncitshiswa ngama-35%, kunye nokuphuculwa kweenkqubo zokusebenza zobunjineli ziya kunciphisa umthwalo wama-40-50% kwaye, ngokufanelekileyo, ukunciphisa umthwalo kwinethiwekhi ye-sewage.
Kwinqanaba lesibini (C1963), ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo zokuhlala ze-Advancerical Sepperivery yokuqala yokuqala: 1-464A no-D; 1-468A, B, D; I-1-510; 160A; I-1-515/2 / 9; 1-467A no-D; 1-447; 1-511; 1-510; 1-335D kunye nezinye. Sele yakhiwe kwisiseko se-snips evunyiwe ngo-1962. Iipropathi zesikhululo se-Herield zezi zindlu ziphakame, bomelele, bacwangcise ukuphumelela kakhulu kwamagumbi. Ukunxila ngokwasemzimbeni wezakhiwo zonyaka ze-1963-1970 zingaphantsi kakhulu kunezindlu zenqanaba lokuqala. Njengomthetho, ayigqithanga kwi-20%. Ke ngoko, kwagqitywa ekubeni nezakhiwo ezinemigangatho emihlanu, eyakhiwe emva kowe-1963, ngakumbi isitena, singadilikisi, kodwa sahlulwa phantsi. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto ezahlukileyo. Izindlu "zothotho ezingahoywanga" zinokwaphuka xa ziwela kwindawo yokubeka isidima. Kwavela ukuba kuqoqosho kube yingeniso ngakumbi endaweni yendlu eyaneleyo yeqela elinemigangatho emihlanu ukwakha isakhiwo esinemigangatho esiphezulu sendawo yokuhlala.
Njengoko sitshilo, iinkqubo zokwakha ngokutsha zeezakhiwo ezinamacala amahlanu zikwimimandla emininzi yelizwe. Kodwa, mhlawumbi, kuphela eMoscow ingxaki yezakhiwo ezinemigangatho emihlanu iconjululwe ngokwenene, kwaye isebenza kakhulu. Ngokunzulu malunga nokudilizwa kunye nokwakhiwa kwakhona kweMoscow "Khrushchevv" yaqalisa ukuthetha ngexesha le-USSR, ngo-1989. Kodwa kwi-6, ukulandelwa kwekomkhulu kwaphulwe kwiminyaka eli-16. Utshintsho lwenzekile ngo-1995, xa urhulumente waseMosco wagqiba kwenkqubo "ye-tedy" yesihlanu. Ngoku yonke imiba enxulumene nokwakhiwa kwakhona kwezakhiwo ezilawula urhulumente we-MOSCOW N608 "iziphumo zokwakhiwa ngokutsha kwezinto ezintlanu zendlu ukuya kuthi ga ngonyaka we-6, yamkelwe kunyaka we-6 ka-1999. Ngaphantsi kwesi sigqibo sexesha ukusuka ngo-2000 ukuya ku-2010, ukudilizwa kwezindlu zephaneli ezintlanu ze-K-7, II-32,1605-AMG-300 (6MLNM2 okanye malunga nezinye uthotho (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-0.3 iphem) icwangciselwe). Kodwa kusekho ibhloko eqinileyo kunye ne-Brick "khrushchevvka" eMoscow, engacwangciswanga ukuze ibe yinto ediliza, kuba zisenokuba bubusuku obusesimahla kwe-60-80. Luluhlu lwe-1-50.110.1-5111111515, njl. Njl. (Ngaphezulu kwe-2,75 mlm2). Bafanele ukwakha kwakhona.
Igumbi lokuqala leDamn
Nangona kunjalo, abaqeshi banokuqonda kwakhona. Amatyala sele ezalelwe xa ukwakha kwakhona kwaqala kwindlu endaweni yeenyanga ezingama-6-8 kuthathe indlela emfutshane. Nanku nje umzekelo nje wokwakhiwa ngokutsha ngaphandle kokususa indlu i-N5 kwisitrato sabakhi eMoscow. Iminyaka emihlanu eyadlulayo yabaqeshi bakhe bacela ukubandezeleka unyaka, okuthembisa ukutshintshwa kwezixhobo zobunjineli, ukufakelwa kwezinto eziphakamileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-uposts ngendlela ye-Attic. Kodwa endaweni yokukhanya kwe-attic baqalisa ukwakha omnye umgangatho, emva koko umsebenzi wawungqele ngokupheleleyo. Inkcitho kunye nengqumbo yabemi beNdlu ayinikezeli kwinkcazo. Ke ngaphambi kokuqala kwezakhiwo ezinemigangatho emihlanu ngaphandle kokususa abaqeshi, kuya kuba kuhle ukusombulula umba onoxanduva lokuwaphula ixesha okanye owenze ngomgangatho ophantsi. Ndiyazazi abasemagunyeni abalawula le misebenzi.
Kwi-St. Petersburg, indawo yenkqubo yengingqi yokwakhiwa kwakhona kwezakhiwo zokuhlala zoluhlu lokuqala sele liyi-8900 lamawaka. M2 yendawo iyonke yamagumbi. Isabelo se-rip-simering ring Gi, i-OD, 1-335 I-akhawunti engama-6300 yamawaka angama-6300. M2 kunye nochungechunge lwezitena 1-528-2600. M2. Intsimi yophuhliso lwee-60-hodges - igumbi eliyi-100 elinendawo engama-2500g. Isiphumo senkqubo kufuneka sibe nokwakhiwa kwakhona kwezakhiwo kunye nendawo iyonke yegumbi lamawaka amawaka kunye nokwakhiwa kwewaka lama-2800. M2 izindlu ezintsha. Ukongeza, ukwanda kwentsebenzo yokusebenza kunye nokuncitshiswa okukhulu kwiindleko zokugcina, ukulungisa nokusebenza kwesitokhwe sezindlu kufanele ukuba kubekhona.
I-Lytkarinsky yovavanyo
Kwinkqubo yokwakhiwa, indawo yokuhlala engahlali ihluthwe kwaye ifakwe uphahla lwe-suplex. Uyilo oluphathayo lomgangatho we-attic luhlanganisene kwiindawo ezilungileyo ngaphezulu kwesakhiwo. Izixhobo eziphakanyiswe ngumthwalo wempahla. Ukufakwa kwe-thermal kumgangatho we-attic, i-mineral Wordwool yasetyenziswa. Iindonga zengxamiseko zakhiwe kwizitena, izahlulo ze-Intra zenziwa kwisakhelo sentsimbi eneplate eyomisa ezimbini eneplate (i-12,5 mm) kumacala omabini. Ulwahlulo lohlaselo kunye nolwahlulo lwekota lwe-Intra-qho ngekota lwagcwaliswa, lugutyungelwe ngephepha lodonga kwaye lupeyinta. Kwakhona, abakhi bafake i-Manard windows velux. Isiphumo somgangatho we-attic sajika amagumbi ali-9 kunye ne-upuplex. Lowo wayekumgangatho ngamnye we-attic esecaleni kwesitepsi ngasinye se-Attic. Iindlela ezikhoyo ze-wintilations zagcinwa kwaye zanda ngaphezulu kophahla olutsha. Izitepsi zandiswa ukuqinisekisa ukufikelela kumagumbi e-ATTACIC.
Kwigumbi elingaphantsi lesakhiwo, uDanfoss ufake iseti yenkqubo yokulawula ngokuzenzekelayo kunye nezixhobo zokulawula. Inkqubo yokufudumeza yenziwa njengomphubho emibini enomlinganiso ohlukileyo, imibhobho ifihliwe kwaye iboniswe kwijelo lezitepsi eziphakathi. Ukufakelwa kwendlu kwenziwa ngokuphakamisa i-pirenticated ye-metallic ukulala kunye ne-subypane. Iifestile kunye neefidi zalungiswa kwaye zapeyinta. Ukusukela kumgama ovela emhlabeni ukuya kwinqanaba lomgangatho omtsha we-ATTACIC lingaphantsi kwe-16m, emva koko ngokokusebenza okukhoyo, ukufakwa kwabakhweli bengafuneki. Abaqeshi khange bashiye izindlu zabo zexesha lokuphindaphinda. Zonke iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokuthatha amanyathelo oku: Iikhredikhi zokwakha zange basetyenziswa, amangenelo agutyungelwe zii-vissies ezikhethekileyo, kuphela amahlathi asetyenzisiweyo kuphela, abekwe ngaphezulu komgangatho wesine wesakhiwo.
Phantsi kunye nengxaki yaqala
Iprojekthi yesibini eyaphunyezwa kwi-St. Petersburg, kwiSitrato saseTorokhanskaya, iSithili se-16 (iPrimersky). Ubunzima bomsebenzi bubandakanya ukwakhiwa komgangatho we-attic kwi-5 yendawo yokuhlala yePaneli yePaneli ye-1-507-3 ye-1962. Ukwakhelwa kwakhona kwaqhutywa ngeenyanga ezili-9. NjengakwiLytkarin, icandelo leprojekthi le projekthi yayikukwakhiwa ngokutsha kwesakhiwo esikhoyo: iindonga zangaphandle zazifakwe kwindawo engaphantsi kwesakhiwo, i-windows kunye neengcango zeMinyango zalungiswa Izinyuko zahlaziywa, kwaye inkqubo yokufudumeza yaphuculwa kwaye izixhobo zaphuculwa ummiselo ozenzekelayo. Iprojekthi iphuhlise i-lengilniaproet ye-ojcc, iKontraktha ngokubanzi yayiyi-LLC Padams, kwaye imisebenzi yomthengi kunye netekhnoloji yenziwa i-OJSC Petersburg. Izixhobo eziyimfuneko, izixhobo zobunjineli, izixhobo zobunjineli, izixhobo zokuthambisa-zinikezele iinkampani ezintandathu zoMxhasi zaseYurophu: IVelux, Rollwool, e-Danfoss, eWavin kunye neTrelleborg.Umahluko kwi-lytkarin yovavanyo kule tyala yayikufakelo lophahla lwenyukliya. Ukwakhiwa kwayo kwendlela yenziwa ngeeprofayili zentsimbi ezixineneyo ezixineneyo ezinxulumene nokuzicinezela kunye nee-bolts, kunye nethambeka kwindawo ephezulu nangaphantsi kophahla nge-15 ne-70, ngokwahlukeneyo.
Yintoni i-mansar engakhange icinge ngayo
Okwangoku kukho iiprojekthi uhlaziyo lwekhadinali ngakumbi kwizindlu ezinesihlanu. Abafundi bethu banokuba namangaliswa xa besifunda iindlela zokufunda ezintlanu "zoluhlu lwe" "" (1-511111 1.-515) IZiko le-Mniitep sele lenze ngaphezulu kwe-10 iminyaka. Ngeli xesha, lonke ungcelele lwe "KHrushchev" lwaluvavanywa kwaye lonke uluhlu lwemisebenzi enxulumene notshintsho lwabo lwabalwa bobabini ngokwahlulahlulo lwabaqashi ngaphandle kwalo. Isiphumo selukhetho ezintathu zokuphuculwa kwezindlu kunye nokwakhiwa kwakhona kwezindlu zolu ngcelele.
Inketho yokuqala, okanye, njengoko ibizwa, inciphise, ibonelela nge-hocoting esokoyikisayo kunye nokukhusela ubushushu be-quiades kunye ne-bift ye-Wilogies kunye neebhloko zefestile kunye nezonyango ezinokwenziwa ngaphandle kokususa abahlali . Oku kungenelwa kukwanda kwendlela yeholo, isixhobo seekhabhathi, i-antisole, i-pantry kunye neengcango ezimbalwa. Ukukhupha iintlobo zamagumbi kufutshane neminyango ekhoyo, entsha kunye nezihluzo zongezwa ukwenza ucwangciso olusisiseko. Izitokhwe ngaphandle kokususa abahlali zibandakanya: Ukulungiswa kwemigangatho, ukulungisa izinto ezinkulu nezikugqitywe ngaphakathi, ukulungisa imibhobho, ukulungiswa kwe-factors, ukulungiswa kwe-pipes, ukulungiswa kwenxalenye yeenkqubo zobunjineli. Nangona kunjalo, imicimbi yokuphucula ngokutsha kwamagumbi ngaphandle kokususa abahlali abakwazi ukuzisa izindlu ukuze zihambelane nezindlu ukuze zihambelane nemfuno ye-MHSN 3.01-96.
Inketho yesibini, ebizwa ngokuba yi-Maxrisetion, ibandakanya wonke umsebenzi wokuntywila, kunye nokwenziwa ngokutsha kwamagumbi ngaphakathi kwemida ekhoyo ngokuzisa i-MHSN 3.01-96. Njengomgaqo, kwangaxeshanye igumbi elincinci legumbi lokulala lijika libe kwigumbi elikhulu le-elinye, kwaye igumbi elincinci elincinci kwigumbi elikhulu elinamagumbi amabini. Umzekelo, utshintsho lwenguqu encinci "eliphindwe kabini" kwigumbi elinye legumbi linika ukonyuka kwe-16% xa kuthelekiswa ne-MHSN 3.01-96 eqhelekileyo. Nge-maxitodricition kukho ukonyuka kweekhitshi ukuya kuthi ga kwi-8-9m2, ukudalwa kwezithuthi ezinamanzi ane-pantry okanye iidrobs ezifanelekileyo. Kumagumbi ama-2-3-igumbi, igumbi lokuhlambela elahlukileyo lilungiselelwe malunga nokubeka umatshini wokuhlamba kunye negumbi lokuhlambela ngobude be-170 cm. Ewe kunjalo, okuvuselelwa okuvulekileyo kunokwenzeka kuphela xa kususa abahlali.
Ewe, owesithathu, olona khetho lukhulu lubizwa ngokuba yintshayelelo. Kukho yonke le misebenzi ikhankanywe apha ngasentla, ukwenza ngokutsha kwamagumbi okugcina uhlobo lwabo (oko kukuthi, inani lamagumbi) kunye nokuzisa iimpawu zenkonzo yolawulo lwe-Ofisi yoMphathiswa 3.01-96. Oku kufezekiswa ngokwandisa iindawo zokuhlala ngenxa yohlaselo lwefayile (njenge-loggias ngokusekwe kwiindonga ze-Pylons, okanye iimpazamo); Indawo yokuphela kwayo iyanda. Ukongeza ekutshintsheni amagumbi akhoyo, indlu yesiseko iveliswa yi-attic okanye izakhiwo ze-monolithic ze-2-3 imigangatho. Ngexesha le-upersertset, amagumbi amafutshane okanye amanqanaba amabini ahlukeneyo anokuhlala kwindawo ye-Attic. Kwaye, eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu, indlu ixhotywe inyusi kunye nokuhambisa inkunkuma eyenza ukuba ikhululeke kakhulu.
Ukongeza, isakhiwo esinezitrato ezintlanu asiqini. Ke ngoko, kwisikali sekota, kufanelekile ukuba senze ulwandiso, oluya kuba ngaphezulu kwendlu eyakhiwe kwakhona.
Kwizakhiwo ezinemigangatho emihlanu yeMoscow, i "Attic Reserve" imalunga ne-6mln2 iyonke. Ukuba ubuncinci inxalenye ye-ATTAC yokuphinda isebenze kwakhona phantsi kwendlu, malunga ne-150 lamawaka avela esixekweni. Amagumbi amatsha angabizi. Ukwakhiwa kwempahla ekwaziyo ukunika "Khrushchev" ubomi besibini, ngama-20%, okanye i-50% yesiqhelo. Akukho sidingo sokubeka unxibelelwano, simba, sakhe isiseko, yonke into sele ilapho.
Omnye imodeli yokwakhiwa kwakhona kwezindlu ezintlanu zoluhlu lwe-511 kunye ne-515 yenzelwe ngokomyalelo weshishini le-STRICE likaRhulumente "Wenza" yinkampani ethi "Resopproet". Ngokwale projekthi, izakhiwo ezinemigangatho emihlanu ziya kuhlawuliswa ukuba ihlawulwe kwi-9-10 imigangatho kunye namagumbi aya kuhlangabezana nayo yonke imigangatho yanamhlanje. Indawo yekhitshi iya kunyuka ibe yi-9m2. Igumbi lokuhlambela lisondela kwigumbi lokulala, abaphakamileyo baya kuvela ezindlwini. Ekuphela kwendawo yokubuyela engayi kuba nakho ukuphelisa ukwakhiwa ngokutsha kukuphantsi.
Isiseko sokwakhiwa ngokutsha kwemi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo. Ngeenxa zonke kwisakhiwo esinezitrato ezintlanu, ii-monolithic phatha izakhiwo zisetwanga, ezithatha umthwalo kuwo wonke umgangatho ofunekayo. Izindlu zesakhiwo esidala ziphakathi kwesi "isakhelo". Iibhalkhoni ziqhotyoshelwe kwiKMD. Imodeli yokwakhiwa kwakhona kwezibalo zokuqala ezicetyiswayo yi "Project REGT" iya kuxabisa i- $ 150 OMN2. Ngokwemvelo, isakhiwo siya kutshintshwa ngumhlobiso wangaphakathi. Ukwakhiwa ngokutsha kuya kuqala ngento yokuba iyunithi ye-monolithic iya kuqhotyoshelwa kude kuse ekupheleni kwesakhiwo esinemigangatho emihlanu, apho abahlali ekungeneni kufutshane baya kushukunyiswa. Umnyango uya kwakhiwa ngokupheleleyo, nabemi belandelayo, njl. Yiza kuyo. I-APACs Inani lamagumbi kwindlu eyakhiwe ngokutsha liya kunyuka, kucwangciselwe ukufudukela kubahlali "KhrushChetta" ukuze kuchithwe. Abantu baya kuhlala kwiintendelezo zabo zehlabathi, ngelixa bephucula iimeko zabo zezindlu. Kulindelwe ukuba ukwakhiwa kwakhona kwezindlu ezintlanu zokugcina iiprojekthi ezintlanu kwiiprojekthi zeMniitep kunye neProjekthi yeRept "iya kwenziwa emazantsi-ntshona yedolophu enkulu, kwi-krashka yesitrato.
Iiprojekthi ezivela kwihlabathi liphela
Ngesikimu esinje, ikhitshi elincinci lokugqibela, igumbi lokuhlambela elihlanganisiweyo kunye namagumbi akufuphi zingena kwixesha elidlulileyo. Ikhefu livela phezulu, igumbi lokuhlambela elahlule, izinyuko ezibanzi, iingqengqelo zenkunkuma, kwaye zonke izinto zonxibelelwano zitshintshwa. Amagumbi awabi mbi ngakumbi kunezakhiwo ezitsha. I-Aesli Indawo yesakhiwo esinemigangatho emihlanu yayimalunga ne-3.5 yamawaka. M2, emva koko emva kokwakhiwa kwakhona, eli nani linyusa amaxesha ali-2,5-3. Ngokuhambelana, ukungcungcutheka kwesakhiwo kuyanda. Uninzi lwevenkile enemigangatho emihlanu kwitekhnoloji iya kuphinda iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde ibekhona kwi-poinninks elungileyo, kwaye ke sebenza eTushino iza kuqala.
Ukongeza kuphuhliso lwayo, eMoscow kwagqitywa kwelokuba basebenzise amava angaphandle, ngakumbi isiJamani. Ewe, i-70% kuphela yeNgxowa-mali yakudala iphinde yakhiwe eBerlin. Ngoku-oda ngosodolophu, ukusetyenziswa kwengqondo yamava e-moscow iSebe lokuThunyelwa kweNgxowa-mali yezindlu 'yadalwa, imibutho eyizixhobo zemali yeJamani "yoqoqosho lwaseJamani Izindlu "(i) kunye" nemanyano yabarhwebi beMpuma naseMbindi Afrika "(OMV). Kucingelwa ukuba ekuqaleni, iingcali zaseJamani ziya kubonisa ukuba zingabeka njani kwi-odolo yezakhiwo ezikhutshelweyo ezisezantsi. Imisebenzi iya kwenziwa ngaphandle kokususa abahlali. Abakhi baseJamani bathembisa ukufihla iinyanga ezintandathu. Imigca yendlu yovavanyo iwele kwindlu ye-N3 kwi-Krasfolnolmments kunye ne-N45 yendlu kwi-mabela ye-malaya kalitnikovskaya. Ukongeza, iSixeko sikulungele ukufumana ubuchwepheshe baseJamani kwizitrato ezikwisitrato saseMarshal Fedorenoko, kwiLizwe eliPhakathi kunye ne-yuryevsky.
Ke yinto encinci: Kuyimfuneko ukuqalisa ukwakha kwakhona, kwaye kungekudala eMoscow Izakhiwo ezinemigangatho emihlanu ayiyi kupheliswa kuphela, kodwa ikwazi ukumamela enye iminyaka engama-50-60. Ewe, emgceni "khrushchev" kwiRussia.
Iofisi yoHlelo enkosi ngokubonisana neNtloko yeSebe leMfundo leNkqubo yoLungelelwaniso yokufumana kwakhona kwiNgxowa-mali yeZindlu ezinamacala amahlanu eMoscow yiktorovich yevseeva.