Yini ibhulokhi yesimanje yewindows eyenziwe ngokhuni? Ungayihlola kanjani ikhwalithi yokwenziwa kwayo? Yibuphi isengezo ongasihlomisa? Sizophendula le mibuzo neminye esihlokweni.
Photo: "Ifektri yeWindows"
Uma sithatha izinkomba ezilinganiselwe, lapho-ke ukumelana nomoya nokuzijabulisa komswakama, amawindi akhazimuli akhanya kabili aphansi kancane kupulasitiki, kepha awalahli ithemba lokushisa nokufakwa okuzwakalayo. Ngasikhathi sinye, amafreyimu okhuni avuselelwa kangcono ngokugoba imithwalo futhi awaphansi kokunwetshwa okushisayo, okwenza kube nokwenzeka ukukhiqiza izakhiwo ezinkulu futhi zibanikeze. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ngokwesibonelo, lapho kuncipha isakhiwo. Okunye ukuhlanganisa ukumelana okuphezulu kokugenca ngokucindezela i-sash.
Ekugcineni, ukusetshenziswa kwezinkuni kunikeza amathuba amahle wokukhetha ukwakheka nokwakheka kwe-block block. Ngeshwa, ngisho nezinkuni ezishibhile ezenziwe ngokhuni lwephayini futhi kudliwe kuzobiza ngokwesilinganiso kabili ngaphezulu kwepulasitiki. Kodwa-ke, umehluko onjalo kwenzeka kuphela endabeni yamamodeli wesabelomali. Lapho u-oda amafasitela ngezici ezithuthukisiwe (ngokwesibonelo, i-anti-vandal noma ukonga amandla) kukhiqizwa.
Umdwebo uphikiswa kahle umswakama owakhiwe ngaphakathi (a). Kepha kusuka ngaphandle, iwindi lidinga ukuvikelwa okwengeziwe ngesimo se-aluminium linings ebhokisini kanye nokwehla kwe-sash. Photo: "Ifektri yeWindows"
Isisekelo sokwakhiwa kwamafasitela okhuni
Emabhizinisini aholayo, amafasitela lokhuni enziwa ikakhulukazi ama-glue izinkuni kusetshenziswa imishini yanamuhla ezenzakalelayo, kanye nomswakama wezinkuni, amandla anamathela namanye amapharamitha amakhulu abhekwe ngokucophelela. Futhi nokho, lapho ukuthenga kungalimazi, hlola ikhwalithi yamaphrofayili wokugaya nokugaya (ingaphezulu lamafreyimu kufanele libushelelezi ngokuphelele), ukungabikho kwemifantu, izinhlakela zokupenda nezinye iziphambeko ezibonakalayo.Futhi manje ake siphendukele endimeni eyinhloko yokukhetha amafasitela enziwe ngokhuni ekhaya nasezindlini.
Ukuzalaniswa kwezinkuni
Imikhiqizo yePine ne-Spruce ihlukaniswa ngentengo etholakalayo (kusuka kuma-ruble angama-9500 nge-1 m2), isisindo esincane kanye nokushisa okuhle okufaka izimfanelo (ngosayizi olwanele ohlelweni olungeyena ngokhuni oluminyene lungemnyama ebusika). Uma, ngokusho komklami noma umakhi, amawindi kufanele abe mnyama, angaba mnyama noma apendwe nge-koqweqwe lwawo. Kuliqiniso, lapho usebenzisa izingoma ze-leseng (translucent), umphumela awuphumeleli njalo, ngoba umehluko ekubuthakathaka kwemicu ephazamisana ne-toning efanayo.
Enye inyumbazane yokuqhathanisa yezinto ezibonakalayo: ngokusebenza okungaqondile, ama-dents kanye nokuhlanza kuvela kuwo, futhi ukhunta uthinte ngokuzithandela amafreyimu kaphayini kunokuba, athi, oki. Izindleko zeWindows ngokubopha izinkuni ze-glue zamadwala aqinile (oki, umlotha, i-beech) ziqala kusuka kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane eziyi-16. Zihlukaniswa ngokuhlobisa, amandla aphezulu nokuqina. Imikhiqizo evela ku-Larch ayisebenzi kangako futhi ngasikhathi sinye izobiza ama-40-60% ashibhile, kepha kungcono ukugcina umbala wawo wemvelo (toning emathoni amnyama ayifanelekile). Amanye amafemu akhiqiza izinhlaka ezivela ku- "Thermalvisin" ngombala omnyama omuhle futhi azihambelani. Kepha ekwenziweni kwamafreyimu, amadwala aphethwe ngamatshe aphethwe ukushisa kuphela (i-spruce kanye nephayini aqala kakhulu), futhi intengo yemikhiqizo iphakeme kakhulu - kusuka kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-32. ngo-1 m2.
Indlela ye-Bruce Gluing yamaphrofayili
Iningi labakhiqizi basebenzisa amaphrofayli kusuka ku-Gener-Laber Glue Timber. Ngaphansi kwesimo sokusoma ngaphambi kokomiswa kwangaphambili, le ndlela yokugcwala ikuvumela ukuthi uzuze i-geometry ezinzile efanelekile. Ukusuka endaweni yokubukwa kokwethenjwa kwesakhiwo, kuyinto efiselekayo ukuhlanganisa iqoqo le-gluing ngokuhlukaniswa kwama-lamellamas ama-lamellamas kuya kuma-microsmas (ngenkathi ubude bezingxenye kungafanele budlule ku-50 cm). Imigoqo enjalo ayivinjelwanga, kepha ukuxhumana kuhlala kubonakala futhi kuningi okuphanga ukubukeka kwefasitela. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi i-lamellae yangaphandle yenziwa emabhodini (ojantshi) be-radial cut (bahlukaniswa kalula yindawo "ezolile" ngendawo ende ye-Fibers), ithambekele kancane. Ama-lamella angaphakathi angaba ukusikwa kweTangentive. Amanye amafemu enza izingodo ezinhlanu nezinhlangothi eziyisithupha - lezombulu izixazululo zandisa amandla amaphrofayli ukumelana nemithwalo yokugoba futhi kunikeze ithuba elingcono lezinhlamvu ze-glue, kepha ngaphezulu kwengxenye ye-Windows Yanda.Uhlobo Lokuxhumana Nge-Angular
Ababili babo bangukubaza kwakudala esikebheni esiqondile nesibambo ngokusetshenziswa kwezimvemvane (hoffman knap). Yikuphi okungcono kusuka endaweni yokubuka izakhiwo zabathengi, ukuphendula akulula. Umbono onomqondo omuhle unjalo: Ameva aqondile ahlinzeka ngamandla kancane, futhi ukuxhumana "kumadevu" kungubuhle obuningi obukhulu.
Ngenxa yezimpawu zokusebenza kanye nenganekwane yezinto ezibonakalayo zamafasitela okhuni, akuzona zonke izimbobo zokupenda ezifanele, kepha kuphela izingoma ezisuselwa emanzini. Bavumela isihlahla ukuba baphefumule futhi banikeze umthethonqubo ojwayelekile weleveli yomswakama yohlaka, ngokuya ngezimo zezulu kanye nangesikhathi sonyaka, kunciphisa ubungozi bomonakalo wokuhlanganiswa nokufudumala kwezinkuni. I-Polyurethane varnish kanye nopende akulungile amawindi wokufaka imibala: ayizinzile kwimisebe ye-UV, kanye nempilo yabo yenkonzo ngaphansi kwethonya lemvelo yangaphandle incishiswe kakhulu. Lapho ukhetha iphalethi yombala kaningi umbuzo kuphakama: Ungayenza kanjani ukwenza izinguquko ekubukekeni kwezakhiwo? Uma iWindows Facade kufanele ibe mhlophe, futhi efulethini lakho ufuna ukubona ukuthungwa kwezinkuni zemvelo, uzodinga ukudweba okuguquguqukayo. Njengomthetho, kukhulisa izindleko zewindi eliqediwe nge-10-30%.
Aleksandr kuznetov
Uchwepheshe wezobuchwepheshe ohlangothini lwe- "Designs Okhuni" yenkampani "Ifektri yeWindows"
Amathiphu angu-5 ekukhetheni nasekufake amafasitela okhuni
- Buza imigomo nemibandela yewaranti. Kufanele kunikezwe okungenani iminyaka emi-3. Uma isimo sikulungiswa konyaka okhokhelwayo - funa enye inkampani.
- Musa ukusayina isivumelwano uma kukhona into ekushintsheni kwentengo ngemuva komenzi (ngaphandle - Design Ongejwayelekile).
- Ungagcini ekufakweni: Ukwenqaba izinsizakalo zamakhosi avela kumenzi, ulahlekelwa yisiqinisekiso.
- Musa ukufaka amafasitela okhuni kuze kube sekupheleni kwemisebenzi yangaphakathi emanzi. Ngokutholwa umswakama ovela egumbini lekamelo, amafreyimu angafunga.
- Njalo ngonyaka, zicubungula izingxenye zamafreyimu nge-polyrorlarval evikelayo - kuzokwengeza impilo yenkonzo yamahlaya amahlandla ama-2.
Ukufakwa kwezinto ze-Fittings nengilazi
Amafasitela okhuni afakwe amasistimu wezesekeli afanayo njengepulasitiki (umehluko mancane futhi aqedwa ikakhulukazi ngendlela yezingxenye ezisheshayo). Kuyisiko ukuhlukanisa phakathi kweWindows Swivel Windows ye-Classic kanye ne-Swivel-folding. I-marion iyimodeli yama-shill, kanye nokuvula. (Ngeke sithinte izinhlelo ezishelelayo.) Inketho ethandwa kakhulu yi-Swaveling. Iwindi elinjalo lingavuvukala kabanzi ehlobo futhi ligeza ingilazi, futhi umsebenzi we-flap unikezwa umoya omncane. Amawindi ajikelezayo ajikelezayo awasho lutho (cishe ama-ruble angama-500. Okwe-sash) ebiza kakhulu, ngakho-ke akusoze sasindisa.
Kepha phansi okungajulile, lapho ama-sash amabili angavuleka khona evulekile, evula ngendlela ephelele (umklamo ojwayelekile uthatha ukuba khona kwe-impelsost eqondile), kuzokhulisa izindleko zewindows ngezikhathi eziyi-1.5-2, ngaphezu kwalokho, iwindi elinjalo Kunzima ukwenza kube nzima. Amafolda aphuma, alungele ngoba isikhala ngaphakathi egumbini asidliwanga. Ukuze babe kubo ukuthi bazigeze, abakhiqizi bahlinzeka ngokungcwazikha okulula noma (kaningi) ukujika okugcwele (180 °) ku-lever bracket ekhethekile. Izesekeli ezinjalo zivela ngesicelo, kubiza kaningi kunokujwayelekile, futhi akunakwenzeka ukuhlomisa amabutho wozimele ngomenzi ngamunye.
Lapho usebenzisa izinkuni, inqwaba yamathuba okuqamba, umhlobiso wokuhlobisa amafreyimu. Photo: "Ifektri yeWindows"
Imininingwane yokufakelwa. Photo: Linea Kali
Izinhlaka ze-arched zibhekisele ekukhipheni okungajwayelekile. Photo: Vladimir Grigoriev / Burda Media
Amafasitela akhethekile okuphuma kanye nama-hatches nawo abhekwa njengengejwayelekile. Photo: Vladimir Grigoriev / Burda Media
I-arched windows. Photo: Vladimir Grigoriev / Burda Media
Izakhiwo zaseFinland
Uhlobo olukhethekile lwamafasitela design lukhona ngokwesiko emakethe yezinkampani zaseFinland, uLimin et al. Lawa mawindows ane-sash ehlukile kabili, ingilazi efakwe ngaphakathi ebhokisini, engaphandle - ingilazi eyodwa. Indlela yokuvala ukuvala izingodo ifakwe kuphela ku-sash yangaphakathi, ejoyinwa ngaphandle ngebakaki elikhethekile elikhethekile. Uhlelo lwenza kube lula ukuvula iwindi, kepha kuqeda ukugoqwa kwe-flap eqhubayo. Inzuzo yeWindows enamawindi acwebezelayo futhi ingilazi iyibhokisi elibanzi (lifinyelela ku-160 mm) eliqinisekisa amandla aphezulu omthungo okhuphukayo nokuvikelwa kokuqanda kwemithambeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amawindi aseFinland akhuphule imisindo enomsindo ebekiwe: ibanga elikhulu phakathi kwama-lam lamines linciphisa umphumela ovuthanayo.
Idolobha lingumhlobiso wewindi othobekile
Abakhiqizi abaholayo bayakwazi ukunikela ngezinketho eziningi zombala kanye namafreyimu wokufaka ama-tinting. Photo: Shutterstock / Fotodom.ru
Idolobha lifanele amathoni akhanyayo, amafomu angajwayelekile, amapulangwe abanzi. Photo: Shutterstock / Fotodom.ru
Photo: Vladimir Grigoriev / Burda Media
Photo: Vladimir Grigoriev / Burda Media
Photo: "Ifektri yeWindows"
Efulethini esakhiweni esiphakeme kakhulu, amawindi enziwe ngokhuni oluthambile, apendwe ngombala omhlophe. Photo: "Ifektri yeWindows"
IWindows yaseFinland ine-sash yangaphandle ingafakwa kwimigoqo engaphakathi. Photo: Vladimir Grigoriev / Burda Media
Emafasiteleni aseFinland, ichopho langaphandle linganamathiselwa ukubopha ku-bracket yangaphakathi namanje. Lokhu okuhlukile kungcono kusuka endaweni yokubuka ukushisa nokuhlukaniswa komsindo. Photo: Lamin.
Ngoku-oda amafasitela aphaneli, kufanele unakekele ukuphepha kwezingane, futhi ucabange futhi futhi uxoxe ngochwepheshe indawo yokuvulwa kwamaphara. Photo: "IWindows Omhlaba"
Qaphela ukuthi noma uthenga amafasitela efulethini endlini ejwayelekile, kufanele ushayele isilinganiso. Photo: "Ifektri yeWindows"
Lesi sihlahla silungele ukwakheka kohlobo "incwadi", i-sash eyedlulele yayo ilengiswa ebhokisini, kanti okwesibili ngokuzumayo ajoyina owokuqala futhi uhlome ngenqubo ekhethekile yomhlahlandlela. Photo: Vladimir Grigoriev / Burda Media
Ungavikela kanjani amawindi kusuka kumswakama
Kusuka kumswakama, i-brus engezansi yamafreyimu ithinteke kakhulu, futhi ngaphandle kokuvikelwa okwengeziwe, isihlahla lapha siqala ukubola kakhulu. Kungakho iningi lama-windows lanamuhla "ajwayelekile" lihlome ngokumbondelana nge-aluminium e-ephansi yebhokisi. Ngokwe-lining efanayo ku-sash, kuyadingeka ukukhokha ngaphezu kwama-20% wenani lewindows. Amamodeli abiza kakhulu avikela amaphrofayli amboza ngokugcwele umgibeli we-sash nebhokisi; Inketho efanayo izokhulisa intengo yewindows ngamahlandla ama-2.
I-Aluminium Living i-anodised futhi yanamabala emashumini amathoni, futhi ama-facade awaveli izinkinga. Enye, indlela entsha yokuvikela i-sash yomswakama - iyunithi yokuthumela ikhwela ingilazi. Izinhlaka ezinjalo zibukeka zigcizelelwa ngokucophelela nangokucophelela nezakhiwo zezakhiwo zanamuhla. Kodwa-ke, ngenkathi amawindi yalolu hlobo enziwa izinkampani ezimbalwa kuphela.
| Iwindi eline-sash eyodwa ("eurowlock") | Iwindows nge-SASH ephindwe kabili (uhlobo lwesiFinnish noma lweScandinavia) | |
|---|---|---|
| okutholuzayo | Ukuvuleka kokuvula nokuvala. Ukunakekelwa okulula. Akuvamile ukuba kubekiwe | Ephakeme kune-sash ngokulinganayo, ukushisa kanye nezinkomba zokufakelwa okuzwakalayo. Amandla okufaka phakathi kwama-shutters e-lamella |
| Amaminiya | Izinkomba zokushisa nokufakwa okuzwakalayo zivame ukwedlula lapho kuhlukaniswa i-sash | Awukho umsebenzi we-waveform wokuphuma. Ukunakekela iwindi elibandla kakhulu (udinga ukugeza hhayi ezimbili, kepha zinendawo ezine). Ubungozi obungaphandle |
