I-facade ehlotshiswe ngetshe lemvelo ishaya umcebo wamafomu nemithunzi yemvelo. Kodwa-ke, iminyaka emibili eyishumi nalesi sikhathi esifakazelwe, impahla iphikisana ngempumelelo itshe lokuhlobisa elenziwe ngumuntu. Yini imfihlo yempumelelo yokufakelwa kokufakelwa?
Photo: Amagquma amhlophe
Imikhiqizo ekhonkolo ibambe kahle lelo fomu bese ikhophisisa noma yikuphi ukuthungwa, noma ngabe kungukunyathelisa noma umhlobiso obekiwe ohlanganisiwe. Futhi umqondo wokukhiqiza kabusha ngale ndaba, eqinisweni, ukuthungwa okuyingqayizivele kwetshe lemvelo kunesizathu ngokuphelele. Isithiyo sakhe sasiyitshe lokuhlobisa elibheke.
Izinto zisuselwa ku-portland cement esetshenziswe njengengxenye ye-binder. Ngenxa yokungezwa kwama-fillers (isihlabathi sobumba, i-perlite, i-perlite, i-pembol kanye nezithasiselo zomoya), itshe ngalinye linenqwaba encane, ebalulekile lapho enza umsebenzi wokufaka. Izakhiwo zabathengi ezidingekayo zinikeza ukuguqula izengezo (amapulasitiki, ukuqina). Imidwebo inesibopho sobubanzi bezimbali obubanzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abakhiqizi bezenembeza ekwenziweni kwamatshe okuhlobisa basebenzisa imikhiqizo ephezulu yemikhiqizo kanye namadayi angenisiwe.
Kuyinto efiselekayo ukusebenzisa amaqoqo angaphezu kwamathathu abheke itshe, ngaphandle kwalokho i-facade ibonakala indiza kakhulu. Ukuqedwa okunjalo kubukeka kahle nangokwehlukanisiwe ukusetshenziswa, kuhlanganiswe nopende, okhonjiwe noma owenziwe ngezingxenye zokhuni. Photo: Kamrock.
Izindleko zemikhiqizo yekhwalithi azikwazi ukuba ngaphansi, okuthinta ngokwemvelo intengo yemikhiqizo: 1 m2 ye-Stone ebheke izindleko kusuka kuma-ruble angama-850. Ngendlela, kwamukeleka impela, ikakhulukazi uma kuqhathaniswa nentengo yemvelo yemvelo. Phakathi kwabakhiqizi abadumile bokuhlobisa itshe elibhekene nobuso - i-Eurokam, i-areland, iKamrock, iTheonon Stone, amagquma amhlophe, "amatshe aphelele", "ubuciko betshe"
Esikhathini esinezinhlobonhlobo zazo zonke izikhathi ezingaphezu kwama-20- 30 zezakhi (Flat and Angular), zihlukile kububanzi bemvelo yemvelo kanye nombala, kanye nezinhlobo eziningana zezitini ezinodonga olubi, imihlobiso, ama-slabs, amatshe womngcele kanye ukugeleza.
Photo: Amagquma amhlophe. Isisekelo sendlu siboshwe ngetshe "Rutland", intengo ingu-1 m²: 1290 ama-ruble., Ubukhulu: 5.5-38 × 7-49 cm, 2-5 cm cm: 2-5 cm, ukucisha: 1.5-2,5 cm
Ukumelana namatshe
Sifaka uhlu lwezimpawu eziphambili zetshe lokuhlobisa: Ubuningi (400-2200 kg / m), amandla okucindezela (15- 40 MPA), ukumuncwa kwamanzi (5- 10-0%) kanye nokumelana nesithwathwa (150-400). By the way, ngaphezu kokumelana nesithwathwa kwezinto ezibhekene nazo, le nkomba ayibalulekile kangako ngohlelo oluqukethe i-glue yetshe nelimende.Lapho ubeka uhlangothi olungemuva lwento ngayinye lubhalwe ngokuphelele nge-Adhesive Companition, Ukufaka isicelo Atwodwa, kanye ne-spatula eyisicaba, ukuze ama-spatula athambile, ukuze ama-voids awenzeki ngemuva kokufakwa ngaphakathi. Ngesikhathi sokuxhumeka nodonga lwensalela yesixazululo, umthungo phakathi kwalezi zinto ugcwele kancane. Ukuskena kwama-saims kuqeda ukubekwa uphawu kwesakhiwo. Imiphumela yemisebenzi eyenziwe kahle kusobala ukuthi: Amanzi angena emthungo futhi aqhubeke nokulahla, futhi ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile amatshe aqala ukuwa. Izinkinga ezinjalo zivame kakhulu ngonyaka wokuqala wokusebenza.
Izingoma ezikhethekile zeglue
Photo: Amagquma amhlophe. I-facade ihlotshiswe ngetshe "cologne brik", intengo ye-1 m²: ama-ruble angama-920, usayizi wento: 6.5 × 21 cm, ubukhulu: 1-1..1 cm, 1-1 cm
I-facade yendlu yezwe, kanye ne-gazebos, uthango kanye nezinye izinto zokwakhiwa komhlaba, ezihlotshiswe ngetshe lokuhlobisa, lingaphansi komthelela onolaka lwezemvelo. Izingoma ezikhethekile ezinamathela usimende zisiza ngokuthembekile ukuvikela izinto zamatshe ebusweni. Amandla abo we-clutch (adhesion) kunqunywa amandla e-tile futhi alinganiswa e-MPA. Le nkomba ephakeme, kunzima kakhulu ukuklebhula lokho okuvela esisekelweni.
Isibonelo, ngezindawo ezifuywayo ezibunjiwe, amakhompiyutha anama-adhesion 0.8-1 MPA afanelekile. Uma kukhona okubhekene nezinto eziyinkimbinkimbi, kusho amakholomu noma amakholomu ayinkimbinkimbi, sebenzisa ngisho nokuqina okunamandla adhesion 1-1.5 MPA. Lapho ukhetha ingxube ye-glue yokufaka itshe elihlobisa, kubalulekile ukubheka inqwaba yezinto ezibonakalayo ezi-1, ngoba amanye amaqoqo anefomethi enkulu kanye nezinto eziyi-volumetric zingadlula i-50 kg / m². Izinto zeCorner zisiza ukudala ukubukeka okuthembekile kokwakhiwa okwenziwe ngetshe lemvelo noma izitini zokwakha.
Photo: Eurokam. Ukukhanya okukhethekile kokuqedwa kwe-facade kunikeza izinto zokuhlobisa: ama-eaves, ama-arched kanye nonxantathu we-bypass ngewindows, ukugqwala, amatshe enqampu, amatshe e-postle, amagwebu we-socle. Zonke zenziwe ngento efanayo njengetshe
I-Professional Stactors iyazisa izixazululo ezifanele zekhono lokuhambisa into ecwengekile isikhathi eside ngokwanele (15-30 min), futhi okuqukethwe akuhlali odongeni. Okungukuthi, i-glue ayisomi ngokushesha, kepha ngasikhathi sinye ibambe itshe. Ngakho-ke, izidingo eziyisisekelo zokwakheka kwe-glue: adhesion ephezulu (amandla we-clutch); Amandla aphezulu okunamahloni okuqala; isikhathi eside "esivulekile"; ukuqina okuphezulu kokukhuphuka; Ukumelana nesithwathwa okuphezulu.
Izizathu eziyi-8 zokukhetha itshe lokufakelwa esikhundleni semvelo
- Isisindo esincane. Itshe lokuhlobisa ngokwesilinganiso linesisindo esingu-1.5-2 izikhathi ngaphansi kwemvelo. Ngokuya ngohlobo lwezinto, isisindo sazo liyahlukahluka kusuka ku-13 kuye ku-50 kg / m². Ukubheka okunjalo kungasebenzi kangako i-facade kanye nesisekelo sesakhiwo, esikuvumela ukuthi sikusebenzise ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa kabusha kwezakhiwo ezindala nezehlisiwe.
- Usayizi olula. Zonke izinto zezindlela ezilungile zejometri zinobubanzi obujwayelekile, ezenza lula ukufakwa kwabo. Uma kunesidingo, ezindaweni zokugcoba, yithi, ingxenye engadingekile yomkhiqizo kulula ukuyinquma nge-grinder ejwayelekile emafasiteleni nasezicabheni.
- Umbala wokuqina. Umbala ngamunye womkhiqizi wamatshe wokuhlobisa ubhekisa kwimininingwane ehambisanayo. Ngakho-ke, nganoma yisiphi isikhathi lapho ungathenga khona okufanayo okubhekene nakho. Kepha ukukhetha amatshe emvelo ethoni etholakala cishe akunakwenzeka.
- Imvelo. Itshe Lokufakelwa - Izinto Ezinobungane Zemvelo. Ngenkathi ezinye izimbotshana zesanti, imabula ne-granite zinesizinda semisebe yemvelo, esikhawulela ubukhulu bawo ngokuya ngesigaba.
- Ukufakwa okulula. Uhlobo lwetshe lokuhlobisa liyi-tile, eyisicaba futhi enolaka ohlangothini lwangemuva, ukufakwa kwawo akunzima kakhulu ukubeka i-cellamic tile.
- Izinto ekhoneni. Iqoqo ngalinye lamatshe abhekene nalo lihambisana nezinto ezingejwayelekile. Benza lula ukufakwa futhi bafake isandla ekwakheni isithombe esiphelele sendlu yamatshe. Ukukhiqizwa kwezinto ezingela kusuka etsheni lemvelo kudla isikhathi futhi kuyabiza.
- Intengo yentando yeningi. Izindleko zetshe lokuhlobisa ziphansi kunezinye izinto eziningi ze-facade clodding (itshe lemvelo, isitini se-clinker, njll.).
- Amandla. Itshe lokuhlobisa linamandla kunezinto ezithile zemvelo, ezinjenge-travertine kanye netshe lesanti ngesakhiwo se-porous. Ngenxa yamandla anganele kanye nokumelana nesithwathwa, asetshenziswa ikakhulukazi emazweni anesimo sezulu esifudumele. Ukubhekana namatshe okufakelwa, ngaphandle kokulingisa i-travertine noma i-sandstone, kungasetshenziswa ngaphandle kwemikhawulo ngisho nasezifundeni ezinesimo sezulu esinzima.
Thermophali.
Isithombe: "Itshe Eliphelele." Lapho uhambisana nemigomo nemithetho yokufaka, itshe lizosebenza amashumishumi eminyaka
Amabutho wezwe izindlu, efanelekile ukuhlobisa, empeleni acabangele izimo ezinzima zobusika baseRussia. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ngaphezu komklamo omuhle futhi oqinile, ama-facade kufanele aphefumulelwe. Ukuze uxazulule lo msebenzi, akudingekile ukulahla itshe elibhekene nalo lonke - kwanele ukunaka ama-thermopanels. Ziyimikhiqizo evela ku-polyurethane foam noma i-polystyrere foam enesendlalelo sangaphandle setshe lokuhlobisa lichofoze kulo. Usayizi wephaneli - 1000-1250 x 600-650 mm, kuyilapho ubukhulu bokufakelwa bungu-40-110 mm, kanye nobukhulu betshe ngu-10-20 mm. Ukuqeda okunjalo ngasikhathi sinye ngenza imisebenzi yokufakelwa kokushisa nokuhlobisa. Njengetshe lokuhlobisa, lisetshenziswa kuma-facade ezintweni ezahlukahlukene: izitini, ukhonkolo, izingodo noma ezenziwe ngezinto ezihlaka lwezinhlaka. Intengo 1 PC. - kusuka kuma-ruble ayi-1200.
Isixazululo se-hydrophobic esibangelwa ukungcola sizovikela ekungcolisweni, ekudambeni nasekubonakaleni kwesikhunta.
Ukunciphisa izindleko zokuhlobisa, kanye nekusasa futhi ngesikhathi sokusebenza (ukugcina amazinga okushisa entofontofo ebusika nasehlobo indlu) kuzosiza ochwepheshe abakhiqizi be-thermoparals, njenge-aveland, i-kamrock, "umhlangano ophelele" . Ngokuhambisana nezindinganiso, bazokhetha izinto zobukhulu obufanele, bebheka ubungako bezinto zodonga lwangaphandle, ezibonisa ukumelana kwalo kokushisa r (m2 x ºу º ºу º
Yisho, ukushelela ubushelelezi, izisekelo zikakhonkolo zama-thermopanels zinamathiselwe nge-dowel-nail. Kepha kaningi izindonga zikude kakhulu neze, futhi ukuqondanisa kwazo kokuqala kungathatha isikhathi esiningi futhi kusebenze kube nzima kakhulu. Inketho enhle yezindonga ezingalingani noma ezisongelwe kubha yokhuni - ukufakwa kusikiwe.
Photo: "Indawo yokusebenzela yezinto zokwakha ze-facade." I-Thermopanels enamathiselwe ngqo ezindongeni ezivela ku-OSB. Imisipha phakathi kwezitini zesendlalelo sokuhlobisa yagcwala isithwathwa kanye nomswakama - ukumelana nokumelana nokuvimbela umthungo obanzi
Imigoqo yokhuni noma amaphrofayili ensimbi ahlelwe kude nge-30-40 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye. Ngemuva kwalokho, ama-thermopanels asetshenziswa kubo, ukuze ibha ngalinye ngalinye lemikhawulo noma amane libalwe ngakunye, futhi livikeleke, lisebenzisa okungenani ama-samo ayisithupha. Yonke imibhalo ye-puzzle yezinto empeleni yavuka i-silicone sealant yomsebenzi wangaphandle ukuze uphinde uvikele umswakama. Inketho yokuqeda ama-facades ngama-thermopanels awabizwa ngokuthi isabelozimali. Kepha isifiso sokusindisa sigcwele ukutholwa kwezinto ezisezingeni eliphansi kanye nomphumela ongalindeleki womsebenzi we-heatittant. Ukukhetha ukucwaswa okuhle nokuqinile, okuzosebenza okungenani isigamu seminyaka, akufanele kunqabe ochwepheshe.
Imvamisa kwalabo abafuna ukuhlobisa ubuciko bekhaya labo ngamatshe okufakelwa umbuzo umbuzo: Kungenzeka yini ukufeza umsebenzi wangaphandle ebusika? Amazinga okushisa amoyeni alungele ukunqunywa kwe-facade enetshe lokuhlobisa lisuka ku-5 liye ku-25 º-apku, lokho, sikhuluma ngesizini elifudumele. Uma izinga lokushisa emgwaqweni lisuka ku-16 liye ku-10 º -10 º -10 nangaphansi, khona-ke umsebenzi wangaphandle ngokuqeda ama-facade, sincoma ukungihlehlisa ngaphambi kokuqala kokushisa. Kodwa-ke, lapho i-thermometer itholakala kumaki we-zero noma ngaphansi (kuze kube kancane (kuze kube -10 º-10 º-10 º-10 º-1 º--10 fº . Le ngxube ye-glue ku-cleme yenzelwe umsebenzi wangaphandle emazingeni okushisa aphansi futhi ilungele ukubhekana namatshe okufakelwa kuphela, kodwa futhi namatshe emvelo, ama-porcelaic terhore, amathayela we-ceramic.
Vitay Pavlluchenko
Inhloko yelebhu yezobuchwepheshe yamagquma amhlophe
Mayelana nokumelana nesithwathwa
Amandla ezinto ezibonakalayo esimweni esishukunyiswayo sokumelana ngaphandle kokubhujiswa, ukuqaqeka okuningi nokuncipha kubizwa ngokuthi ukumelana nesithwathwa. Le mfanelo kumele icatshangwe lapho ikhetha itshe lokuhlobisa le-facade. Ngemuva kwakho konke, amanzi, agcwalisa ama-pores ezinto, ayanda ngesikhathi sokubanda futhi ubabhubhise. Ngokwesilinganiso, le nkomba yokubhekana namatshe ayi-150-200, futhi imikhiqizo yamagquma amhlophe ifinyelela ku-400. Isibalo semijikelezo eduzane neMoscow, isuka ku-15 kuye ku-22. Itshe, ukubaluleka kweqhwa Ukumelana nalokho okungu-200, kuzosebenza okungenani iminyaka engama-20- 30. Kepha ukumelana nesithwathwa kwemikhiqizo kuvame ukuphakama kunalokho okucacisiwe emibhalweni yezobuchwepheshe.Ungayibheka kanjani ikhwalithi yetshe lokuhlobisa?
Ikhwalithi yetshe elihlose ukubhekana lingalinganiswa ngesilayi noma ehlukile. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi okuqukethwe kunesakhiwo esimnandi, kanti usayizi wezinhlayiya ezinkulu awedluli ku-5 mm. Ngaphandle kwalokho, amandla ezinto azobe angalingani, amathuba okuqhekeka ebusweni azokwanda ngokweqiniso futhi, ngenxa yalokho, iphutha letshe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusika kulula ukunquma indlela yokufaka imibala. Uma umbala wengxenye yangaphakathi yomkhiqizo uhlukile kakhulu kwithoni yobutho, kusho ukuthi itshe lipendwe kuphela ohlangothini olungaphambili, futhi noma yimuphi umonakalo uzobonakala ngokushesha.
Umehluko omncane kumathunzi angamanga nawaphezulu aphakanyiswa ukuthi itshe liklwebekile kulo lonke ukujula ngesikhathi sesisindo sesisindo. Ngakho-ke, ama-chips amancane nokuklebhula ezindaweni zayo, ezingavela ngesikhathi sokusebenza, ungabeki okubangele ukubukeka kobumbano. Amandla ezinto ezibonakalayo esimweni esishukunyiswayo sokumelana ngaphandle kokubhujiswa, ukuqaqeka okuningi nokuncipha kubizwa ngokuthi ukumelana nesithwathwa. Le mfanelo kumele icatshangwe lapho ikhetha itshe lokuhlobisa le-facade. Ngemuva kwakho konke, amanzi, agcwalisa ama-pores ezinto, ayanda ngesikhathi sokubanda futhi ubabhubhise. Ngokwesilinganiso, le nkomba yokubhekana namatshe ayi-150-200, futhi imikhiqizo yamagquma amhlophe ifinyelela ku-400. Isibalo semijikelezo eduzane neMoscow, sisuka ku-15 kuye ku-22. Ukumelana nalokho okungu-200, kuzosebenza okungenani iminyaka engama-20- 30. Kepha ukumelana nesithwathwa kwemikhiqizo kuvame ukuphakama kunalokho okucacisiwe emibhalweni yezobuchwepheshe.
Isithombe: "Itshe Eliphelele." Ukuqoqwa "kwe-Plast", Intengo 1 M²: kusuka kuma-ruble ayi-1356., Usayizi: 9.4 × 20.5 / 30 cm
Isithombe: "Itshe Eliphelele." Ukuqoqwa "I-Scala Scarta", Intengo 1 M²: 1356 rub., Ubukhulu: 8-11 × 11.5-35 cm
Photo: "Art Stone". Uchungechunge oluthi "Old Prague", Intengo ye-1 M²: kusuka kuma-ruble angama-500, usayizi we-element: 6.4 × 28.5 cm
Photo: Kamrock. Ukuqoqwa "Ibanga Tuf", Intengo 1 M²: Kusuka kuma-ruble angu-1539, usayizi we-Element: 8-33 × 8-33 cm
Photo: Amagquma amhlophe. Iqoqo likaDunvegan, intengo 1 m²: 1290 rub., Usayizi: 6-15 × 10-58 cm
Photo: I-Leonardo Stone. Iqoqo leBergamo, intengo 1 m²: 1290 ama-ruble, aqukethe izinto ezahlukene
Photo: I-Leonardo Stone. Ukuqoqwa "IVenice", Intengo 1 M²: 1470 rub., Usayizi we-Element: 6-20 × 20-50 cm
Photo: Kamrock. Ukuqoqwa "Ukukhululwa Okuqondile", Intengo 1 M²: 1759 RUBLEKILE., Usayizi we-Element: 8 × 50 cm
Photo: Kamrock. Ngesendlalelo sangaphandle samaphaneli afudumele, asetshenziswa amatshe esisindo esincane, evame kakhulu ngesitini esibhekene nesitini
Photo: Kamrock. I-Thermopanel "Isitini Esidala" (Kamva) Ngokusekelwe ku-PPU, Intengo 1 Piece: Kusuka kuma-ruble angama-1152, usayizi we-element: 656 × 750 cm
Photo: Kamrock. Ukuze kube lula, abakhiqizi abashisekayo banikela ngokujwayelekile, angular nezinselelo. Iphakheji ifaka okuhlangenwe nakho okudingekayo.