Izindlela zokuqeda ophahleni lwezindlu zokugezela kanye nezinto zokwakha umswakama. Imisiwe, umsila kanye nemiklamo ye-sttud. Izinhlelo zophahla lwezobuchwepheshe zokufaka.
Izithombe nguKonstantina Dubovets
Ukumiswa okungaguquki (izinduku, amabakaki, ucingo oluwugqinsi) kukuvumela ukuthi ushintshe ibanga phakathi kophahla olumisiwe nokwenza kungenzeka ukufihla ukungahambi kahle futhi kudale izindawo ezisezingeni eliphakeme
Photo George Shablovsky
Izakhiwo zezinkampani ziqoqwa kusuka ku-Mncane Rail, ezingahluka ngobubanzi, ukucushwa, ukuthungwa (matte noma isibuko) nombala
Photo Zinur Ranidovnova
Uphahla oluhlanganisiwe usebenzisa ukufakwa okuchithekile. Ukukhanyisa kwangaphakathi kuveza umdwebo wabo
Photo Vitaly Nefedova
Isimo esinesibindi sesibuko, amathoni e-tile akhanyayo, okugeza ane-mosaic abheke ... Ukushintshaniswa ngaphakathi kwendlu yokugezela kulinganiswe ngendiza yophahla emhlophe
Izithombe nguPeter Lebedev
Siyindlu "ye-" rustic ", uma kungenzeka, igweme ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zokufakelwa
Photo Mikhail Spanova
Ukukhanyisa Kwemvelo - Ukuvuselelwa kwendlu yokugezela
Photo Vitaly Nefedova
Uphahla lwe-bamboo egumbini lokugezela
Photo George Shablovsky
Faka isibuko kulo lonke udonga, wakhe ophahleni lwe-arched, futhi inkohliso yendawo ephakeme izokwenzeka
I-canvas enophahla olukhulu nge-fantastic computer Graphics: ukundiza okundizayo ngemuva kwesimo se-Ice Alien Vandscape. Ku-perimeter ye-canvas kudlula i-plasterboard e
Isithombe sikaKaren Mankosi
I-Dark Blue Celing Design isekela isitayela sokugezela esabiwe, ukucindezela kanye ne-lacon
Photo Mikhail Spanova
Inhlanganisela yemibumba yemibala ehlukene kanye nokushintsha izinkomba - thola ngempumelelo le ndawo yokugezela edlalayo
Izithombe nguDmitry Minkina
Ukwakheka okumisiwe okumisiwe kwama-plexiglas anemibala
Uphahla olusezingeni eliphakeme lokucushwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kwenziwa nge-plasterboard. Umehluko Wezinga ugcizelelwa yi-Backlight
"Star Sky" usebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-fiber optical futhi usebenzisa i-swarovski lens
Uphahla lwe-tenom tension lwe-PVC lungavinjelwa ukunamanzi kanye nomswakama ophezulu, ngakho-ke kungafakwa emakamelweni amanzi ngaphandle kwemikhawulo
I-Streatch Couilings ingafakwa emakamelweni wokucushwa okuhlukile kakhulu, ukwakha izakhiwo ezisezingeni eliphakeme
Ukufakwa kophahla lwesikhathi
Ngesikhathi sokwakha nokulungisa izakhiwo ngomswakama ophezulu, kuyadingeka ukukhombisa ukunakwa okukhethekile ekukhetheni izinto zokwakha, ngoba bonke kufanele bamelane nemiphumela emanzi. Ngamanye amagama, yiba umswakama-ukumelana nomswakama. Akukho okuhlukile nalezo ezisetshenziselwa ukuqeda uphahla.
Izingcingo ezimanzi zingokwezangaphakathi lapho umswakama womoya udlula inkomba ejwayelekile (60%). Izincwadi zifaka amachibi, ama-saunas kanye nokugeza (umswakama ongaphezulu kwama-90%), amakhishi, izindawo zokuhlanza, izingadi zasebusika (70-80%), futhi, amakamelo okugeza kanye namakamelo asendlini yangasese, ama-shors. Ingaphezulu lophahla, ngaphezu kokuxhumana njalo nomoya omanzi, lungaxhumana ngokuqondile namanzi (ngokwesibonelo, ekushayweni) noma libe yindawo yokwakha (Ake sithi, ngamaconsi abukhali okushisa).
I-Coatings ngokuvinjelwa komswakama okukhethwe ngokungafanele ngemuva kwesikhashana uqale ukunambitheka, bese uthambisa ophahleni, noma uqhubeka nokugqwala, imiphumela yesikhunta namagciwane. Zonke ezinye izidingo zekhono le-nimble-akhombisa futhi elizwakalayo, ukumelana nomlilo, ubumsulwa bemvelo, ubumsulwa bemvelo, ukusala ekuhambeni, kuhambelana ngokuphelele nokwethulwa ophahleni okhawini.
Uphahla lungahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amabili. I-clerva ifaka labo abaqediwe abaqediwe uqobo. Ngokwakheka kwabo, kunenombolo enomkhawulo yezindlela (ngokwesibonelo, ukulungiswa nopende, ukunamathela izimbotshana zokuhlobisa; ngezindawo ezinamapulangwe ziwukucutshungulwa kokutholwa okuhlukahlukene). Iqembu lesibili lifaka phakathi ophahleni, enikeza ukwakhiwa kokwakhiwa okwengeziwe okususelwa endizeni entsha ebalulekile futhi kwamiswa, kumisiwe, i-cortex nokwelula).
Uphahla opende
Umbala - indlela yendabuko nengabizayo yokuqeda uphahla. Imisebenzi yenziwa ngaphambi kwezindonga nasekupheleni egumbini. Izendlalelo ezindala zokuhlanganisa ziyasuswa, bese ziqhubekela ekuhlelweni kwesisekelo. Imininingwane ubuchwepheshe benqubo yangaphambi kokucubungula kuchazwe kulokho okubonakalayo "Ngabe usamhlophe?".Izinto ezikhethekile kuphela ezilungele ukugawula uphahla egumbini lokugezela. Babizwa nangokuthi upende wezakhiwo ezimanzi. Lokhu kungaba izingoma ku-acrylic, i-latex noma i-silicone izisekelo, ukuhlukaniswa kwamanzi okuhlukile, kanye nopende kawoyela.
Emakethe yaseRussia, upende omelana namanzi wethulwa ububanzi obukhulu: uFul Kuche bad (accy, germany), u-aczo-WIiss (meffert, gerany), umqhele (Akzo Nobel, Netherlands), Droterm (DYO, Turkey). Abanye, njenge-DOROTOP (DYO), bangasebenza ngisho nasendaweni eluhlaza. Kusuka emikhiqizweni yasekhaya sibiza izinto ezinjengokuthi "A-25" we-Akron-B, "Raduga M4" kusuka kuRick.
Uphahla uvame ukwenziwa mhlophe, noma ngokungeza ababulali abakhethekile ekwakhiweni, bawapende emthonjeni wethayela lodonga. Uma upende ungaqukethe izingxenye ze-antifungal, ungathenga isixazululo esikhethekile (yithi, i-WeatherHeleleld Fungicidal Genege kusuka ku-ICI Paints, United Kingdom; ukusetshenziswa-30m2 / l, kubiza 1 l- $ 8) bese uwacubungula yonke indawo enombala. Okokuqeda uphahla, olwenziwe yinkosi efanelekayo, kuzofanela akhokhe kusuka ku- $ 10 nge-1m2 (umjikelezo ogcwele womsebenzi, ngaphandle kokunaka inani lezinto zokwakha).
Ngokungeziwe kupende, kunamasethi amaningi ezinhlaka zophahla ezinamakamelo amamanzi, ngokwesibonelo, inkampani yeTikkurila Luja yakhelwe ngqo amakamelo okugeza. Umhlangano ufaka phakathi izingxenye ezi-4: Primer yokufakwa komswakama, ukumelana nokunamathela okunama-adhesive adhesive, i-fiberglass wallpaper kanye nopende we-acrylic uLuja. Imisebenzi yenziwa ngezigaba eziningana: Okokuqala faka ungqimba we-primer, bese kuthi i-glue engamelana nengilazi ihlelwe nge-glassy. Ngemuva kosuku, i-Primer yokufaka umswakama isetshenziswa ngaphezulu kwesithombe sangemuva nge-roller futhi kuphela ngemuva kwalokhu kupenda okungu-2. Uma ufisa ukubuyekeza uphahla ngaphambi kokuphelelwa yisikhathi kwempilo yeshalofu yalesi simbozo, ungamane ubeke ungqimba olusha lokupenda. Ingaphezulu elinqunywe ngale ndlela lilungele ukugeza hhayi ekhaya elijwayelekile kuphela, kodwa futhi ngama-detegents aqinile, kufaka phakathi ama-magciwane. Upende uqobo uyakwazi ukubekezelela ngaphezu kwe-10,000 000 ngebhulashi. Izindleko 1L - kusuka ku- $ 7. Iqoqo lama-Primers angangeni manzi (amelana ne-tackfarg) anikeza futhi abasebenza ngokuqinile baseSweden.
Ububi bophahla oludwetshwe ngesidingo sokwenza umjikelezo omude womsebenzi ekulungiseleleni okungaphezulu kokulungiselela, inzuzo engenakuphikwa yohlobo olufanayo lokuqeda ukutholakala kwezinto zokwakha.
Uphahla olushumekiwe
"Adideni", "kugcotshwa", "iholo" - wonke la magama ahlobene nohlobo olufanayo lophahla olufanayo phakathi kwabakhi nabathengisi bezinto zokwakha. Sikhuluma ngophahla, esisekelweni esibushelelezi sawo ama-comboings ahlukahlukene wokuhlobisa amapuleti e-polystyrene, ingilazi, ukhokho noma amaphaneli we-lamic noma amathayili we-ceramic afakwa.
Amapuleti asuka e-Fomed Polystyrene athandwa kakhulu (noma, njengoba ibizwa nangokuthi, styrofoam). Amamojula akhiqizwa kuphela alungele ukusetshenziswa kumagumbi amamanzi. Indlela yokukhishwa, esetshenziswa ekukhiqizweni kwawo, ivumela ukuqina okuphezulu (cishe ngo-70kg / m3) nokufana kokuqukethwe, ngakho-ke kungavunyelwe. Ekwenzeni amapuleti nezinye izindlela, ukugxila nokujova - Isakhiwo sabo asitholwa yi-homogeneouseous, futhi ukuhlanganiswa kungadonsa umswakama.
Kulula ukuhlukanisa ngokubukeka: Ubuso bobuso bubushelelezi, isakhiwo esimnandi, esimweni, iphaneli lifana nethayela le-chocolate tile. Ukunemba kwezinto ezingezinhle, ezigxiliwe futhi zokujova kanye nokwakheka okusanhlamvu ngokusobala, okubonakalayo ngisho nokuthinta. Imikhiqizo futhi ihluke ngobukhulu: ikhishwe - 2,5-3mm, isitembu- 6-7mm, umjovo ongu-10mm. Ubukhulu obujwayelekile bamamojula kubo bonke abakhiqizi buyefana - 500500mm. Ukubhoboza izinto ezingeziwe zitholakala ngamaphaneli ezingunxantathu 16.5 mm ububanzi kanye ne-1000 mm ubude, kanye nophahla lwama-plinths 1000-1500mm. Umbala ogqamile kakhulu, okunhlobonhlobo lapha kutholakala ngezindleko zokuthungwa komhlaba okuthile (kuma-Glusies amafemu avezwa izinketho eziyishumi nambili). Noma, uma ufisa, ungakhetha futhi ukhethe umbala amasampula, kubandakanya ukulingisa izinkuni, indwangu noma itshe.
Emakethe yaseRussia namuhla kunikezwa ikakhulukazi amapuleti abakhiqizi basekhaya: "Ama-Heaching", "Decomoster", "Plast Gamma umhlobiso", kanye ne-vtm (i-stbefer), i-schaph) . Izindleko zamaphaneli amhlophe - cishe ama-ruble acishe abe ngu-40 / m2, umbala wama-ruble angama-60-70 / m2.
Amapuleti we-polystyrere foam agcotshwa kunoma yisiphi isisekelo - ukhonkolo, izitini, amabhlokhi obumba, izinkuni (mhlawumbe nge-pre-primer). Lapho uqeda indawo endala, kubalulekile ukususa i-strata ye-peint yepende, akudingekile ukubheka lonke upende. Kungcono ukusebenzisa i-glue ye-polystyrene noma ukwakheka okukhethekile komswakama kophahla phansi (decomaster yenkampani yaseRussia "Decomoster", i-Gigant DFA German Meffert, eTitan Pholish Marbet Idr.). Kusendaweni, uqinisekile ukuthi ungaphasisi uthayela, futhi kamuva ungawukhipha kalula. Kulula ukunakekela ophahleni olubekiwe: Kuyadingeka kuphela ngezikhathi ezithile ukwenza ukuhlanzwa okumanzi.
Ngaphandle kokushesha, i-Fomed Polystyrene kulula kakhulu ukuncibilika (emazingeni okushisa angenhla kwe-80c, impahla iqala ukulimala). Ngakho-ke, akufanele kube kutholakala amalambu ophahleni okhule odongeni kanye nophahla olukude eduze kwama-20-30 cm ukusuka endaweni yophahla. Amapayipi okushisa kwamanzi, njengoba ukuzijwayeza kufakazela, ungafudukiseli endaweni yokuncibilika ye-polystyrene, futhi iphaneli lingafakwa eduze namapayipi. I-STULORORS ayihambisani nemiphumela ye-organic solvents (uphethiloli, i-turbidwar, i-acetone idr), kepha umkhondo wamafutha amapuleti amhlophe agezwa ngotshwala. I-depificifial yokufakelwa okungalungile, i-polystyrere foom yokufakelwa, ongayithandi abalandeli bako yonke imvelo. Abathengi nabo bavame ukukhonona ngomehluko omkhulu kosayizi bamapuleti kusuka kubhande elilodwa lezimpahla.
Ukusetshenziswa kwezibuko kungenye yezindlela ezikhululekile kakhulu futhi ezingabizi kakhulu zokuqeda uphahla egumbini elimanzi. Izinzuzo zesicelo sazo ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi izikhala eziningi (izikhathi eziyi-10-15) nempilo ende yenkonzo (kuze kube yiminyaka engama-20-30). Imakethe yaseRussia inikezela ngemishini ye-Glass abakhiqizi baseYurophu njengeBaumax (Germany), iHt Inglas HGT (Austria), Fintex (Finland). Izindleko zombumbulu zingama-50m, ukusuka kuma-ruble angama-800. Ukuthungwa komhlaba kuhluke kakhulu: I-Parquet, i-Rhombus, i-Diagonal, isihlahla sikaKhisimusi, iRhihozhod.
Unganamathela ophahleni egumbini lokugezela kanye nama-cork tile aphathwe ngokufakwa okukhethekile kwamanzi. Amasampula akhethekile ophahla awatholakali ngokuthengiswa, ukuze ahambe emikhiqizweni yangaphandle nangaphezulu kusuka ku-plug. Lokhu okuqukethwe, ngendlela, inezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zokufakelwa okushisayo. Ngendlela efanayo, "akuhlosiwe", ama-waterproof ama-lamoof ama-laming noma i-ceramic tile evamile ayasetshenziswa.
Ukususa izimbobo ezindala
Kunezindlela ezintathu eziphambili zokususa izimbobo ezindala: Mechanic (Scrapeing ngamabhulashi, avela ngesikhumba esinamafuze, ngokuhlanza umshini wokugaya noma ama-nozzles akhethekile ku-drill, i-sandrsopystole noma i-thermopystol Iphinde isuswe yindlela yeDedovo, ifudumele ingaphezulu ngensimbi ejwayelekile nge-aluminium foil) namakhemikhali, lapho izinkampani zaseRussia, kanye nezakwamanye amazwe zikhiqiza khona imali enkulu yokuhlanza okuhlukahlukene. Sisebenzela izibonelo ezimbalwa kuphela: I-Tapeten und Leimfarbenabloser (PUFAS, Germany), DFA ABBEizer (Meffert, Germany).
Uphahla wokhuni
Uphahla wokhuni egumbini lokugezela luyisixazululo esifanele sezindlu zezwe, lapho kungadingekile ukuhlukanisa lezi zinhlaka nganoma yiziphi izinto ezingangenzi manzi. Ukuthembisa okwengeziwe kuyindlela yokusebenzisana nesihlahla uqobo, ngokwesibonelo, ukumiswa kophahla olunamalungiselelo akhethekile okuphilisa amanzi avikela umuthi hhayi kuphela ngemiphumela yomswakama nokubola, kodwa nasekusakazweni kwe-bum- izinambuzane. Lo mgomo ungasetshenziswa, yithi, yi-BB-11 Bioonvonsoshet, Russia; Ama-Rubles angama-60 ama-ruble. / I-Sezheng Bio ", iRussia; i-rub. ezingxenyeni ezi-2-3); Inhlanganisela yamalungiselelo "Sotetks" kanye ne- "Akvateks" ekhiqizwa nguRogneda (ama-ruble angama-65 / l). Ukucubungula okuqukethwe kungcono ngaphambi kokuqala kokwakha, kepha kuzobiza kubiza kakhulu.Ingxoxo ehlukile yophahla e-sauna kanye nokugeza, lapho, kanyekanye nezindonga nobulili, ukuhlaselwa okukhulu "komswakama omkhulu. Lapha, isihlahla (ngaphandle kwe-aspen, okuyinto engcono kakhulu ye-saunas) kufanele iphathwe ngezingoma ezikhethekile ezihambisana nemiphumela yokushisa okuphezulu. Isibonelo, ukumiswa kwe-teflex sauna kusuka enkampanini "Bioprotect" noma ukwakheka okusekelwe ku-acrylate Supi-saunasuaja firm tikkurila (Finland). Yize abanye ochwepheshe betusa ngokuqinile beshiya isihlahla esihlaleni esimsulwa futhi ungasimbozi nanoma yiziphi izidakamizwa. Bakuchaza lokhu ngokungakwazi ukufeza ukungabikho ngokuphelele kokuhwamuka kwe- "Chemistry."
Uphahla olumisiwe
Lolu uhlelo oluqukethe ifreyimu yensimbi lumiswe ukugcwala, namamojula aqediwe (izitimela, amapuleti, amaphaneli, amakhasethi), okwakha indawo entsha yophahla ngaphansi kwesisekelo.
Uhlelo olumisiwe, noma ifreyimu, luyisisekelo sophahla omisiwe. Uhlaka lwezinkomba eziphambili, imihlahlandlela ye-transverse, izinto ze-angular kanye nokumiswa. Ukumiswa okungaguquki (izinduku, kubakaki, ucingo oluwugqinsi) kukuvumela ukuthi ushintshe ibanga phakathi kokumisiwe nophahla oluyisisekelo. Lo mklamo wenza ukuthi kwenzeke ukufihla ukungahambi kahle, ukudala indawo yeleveli ehlukahlukene, sebenzisa isikhala esiphumela ekubekeni ukuxhumana okudingekayo kobunjiniyela nokufakwa kwamalambu. Uhlelo olujwayelekile lokumiswa kombala - mhlophe, kukhona nezinketho ngaphansi kwe-Chrome, ngaphansi kwegolide, umbala. Ububanzi bezinkomba ezijwayelekile buyi-15 no-24mm. I-Kbasy Touiling The Ukumiswa okunamathiselwe ngosizo lwama-dowels nezikulufo.
Imiklamo ye-rack iqoqwa kusuka emifuleni emincane emincane, engahluka ngobubanzi, ukuphakama, ukucushwa, ukwakheka komngcele, ukuthungwa (matte (matte noma isibuko) nombala. Amamojula angomakhelwane ayakwazi ukuhlanganisa ukuhlanganiswa ekuhlanganiseni, ukuze ahlukaniswe ngokufakwa noma atholakala ibanga elithile ukusuka komunye nomunye (endabeni yokugcina umoya ovulekile). Ifomu eligobile leReiki (elenziwe efektri ngaphansi kwe-oda ngosayizi wekhasimende) likuvumela ukuthi udale uphahla lwe-curvilinear. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngesakhiwo esisodwa, amamojula wesimo esiqondile nesigobile, imibala ehlukene, ukufakwa kwamalambu kanye nama-block wokufaka ahlanganisiwe. Ubude obujwayelekile bokuphinda bube ngu-6m, ububanzi - ukusuka ku-30 kuye ku-300 mm, obukhulu - kusuka ku-0.3 kuya ku-0.6mm. Zenziwe nge-aluminium noma ngensimbi ye-galvanized, kumagumbi amamanzi kuyanconywa ukukhetha i-aluminium. Imikhiqizo iyatholakala kwi-assortment yabo bonke abakhiqizi ophahleni lwe-Rush: I-Armstrong (e-USA), i-genter (i-etaly (i-gerany, brand), i-inbor (i-gerany), ama-albes (eRussia) .
Intengo ye-Rush Design of Russian Production ingu- $ 10-20 nge-1M2, amasampula aphesheya - $ 20-40 nge-1M2, izindleko zokufaka Imisebenzi - kusuka ku-1M2. Ukubuka ukuvuza ngaphezulu kwesitimela kufanele kususwe bese kusolwa, bese ubuyela endaweni; Idizayini evulekile izoma ngaphandle kokudiliza. Ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo ekusebenzeni kwayo, ophahleni omisiwe bathandwa kakhulu nabathengi futhi bafakwa ikakhulukazi ezindlini zokugezela.
Izakhiwo ze-Tile modular emakethe yethu zivezwa ngamazinga amabili nezinhlelo. Ngokusho kwe-European, amaseli weselula anezilinganiso ezingama-600600mm, namamojula 595595mm. American - 610610 no-605605m, ngokulandelana. Izinhlelo ziyindawo yonke futhi zivumela ukusetshenziswa kwamapuleti endinganiso eyodwa evela kubakhiqizi abahlukahlukene.
Izinhlobo eziphambili zokumisa amamojula we-ceilings asamisiwe:
b-panel;
Module we-machy;
g-lattice;
I-DBR;
Etzset.
Izinto ze-modular zenziwa ngezinto ezahlukahlukene: insimbi (insimbi noma i-aluminium), izinkuni, izisebenzi, i-MDF, i-fibergrow fiber (kufaka phakathi i-fiberglass), ipulasitiki, i-drywall. Akukho mkhawulo ekusetshenzisweni kwemikhiqizo yensimbi ne-aluminium kumagumbi ama-wet (akhiqizwa ngama-albes, eRussia; i-Italy; I-AMF, i-ALDIA (i-Altudlas, i-Holland; ISlovakia; Plexiglas, Germany; "Orcseklolo", Russia). Amapuleti avela kwezinye izinto kufanele kuleli cala empeleni anokumelana nomswakama okungenani ama-95% (kanye namachibi - 100%). Leyo yimikhiqizo eyenziwe ngeMineral Fiber Newtone ne-CeraMaguard evela ku-Armstrong, ekwazi ukumelana nokuxhumana njalo namanzi; Amapuleti we-fibrous fibrous ama-fibracoustitic namapuleti avela kumaminerali wol thermatex akhiqizwa yi-AMF. Kufanele futhi usho amamojula we-POP fiberglass (eCophon, iSweden) ehlanganiswe nefilimu le-PVC kusuka ohlangothini olungaphambili, kanye namaminerali fiber module radar (USG, USA). Ubukhulu bezinto kuncike kokuqukethwe okwenziwe ngalo: kusuka ku-0.5 mm (metallic) kuya ku-20-30 mm (kusuka ku-mineral fiber). Ingaphezulu labo lingaba nombala ohlukile, ukuze bushelelezi noma bube bushelelezi, i-matte, icwebezelayo noma isibuko. Ukukhipha izinhlaka ezihlukile amapuleti noma izingxenye zazo zithathelwa indawo ngamalambu. Izindleko zemikhiqizo zivela ku- $ 11 nge-1m2.
Uhlobo lwangempela lwe-Ceiling Organisation ukusetshenziswa kwamamojula wengilazi enamabala avela kuPlexiglas. Ama-tile angama-600600mm anamathele ohlelweni olumisiwe olujwayelekile, ukudala umphumela wokuhlobisa wengilazi enamabala, idizayini ihlinzekwa ngokukhanyisa kwangaphakathi. Intengo yemikhiqizo enjalo iphakeme - kusuka ku- $ 100 kuya ku- $ 500 nge-1m2 nge-1m2, ehambelana ngokugcwele ukukhishwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo. Amafasitela engilazi anamabala avela eGlass yaseVenetian azobiza kakhulu.
Uphahla lwama-modular kusuka kumathayili, amakhasethi, ama-lastices, amapuleti amaselula namaphaneli anezinhlobo "zebhizinisi" futhi zifakwe kakhulu emahhovisi nasezakhiweni zomphakathi kunasemakhaya. Azikho izinto zokuhlobisa ezivela kuzinkuni fiber noma i-plexiglass. Ububi obugcwele bezakhiwo ezimisiwe ukuthi badla i-12-15 cm ukuphakama kwegumbi. Inzuzo yabo eyinhloko yokugcina, amathuba okuguqulwa kanye nokufihliwe kwe-montage kwezokuxhumana.
Ingxenye yangaphakathi yokwakhiwa kophahla omisiwe omisiwe. Ukushintshwa kusuka kwelinye izinga kuya kwelinye kuhlotshiswe ngosizo lwepuleti yokuhlanza (okwenziwe ngaphansi kwe-oda):
1. Umhlahlandlela wekhanda
2. Umhlahlandlela Omisiwe
3. Ukumiswa kukaJelly
4. Ukumiswa okulawulwayo
5. Imodyuli eshayayo
Iphaneli eyi-6.inger
7.Shore Iphrofayili yeKesson
Uphahla
Ukubizwa kubizwa ngokuthi izakhiwo lapho izinto ezithwala khona (imigoqo yensimbi, amaphrofayli) zinamathiselwe ngqo ophahleni lwesisekelo, futhi azihlanganisi, njengasezinhlelweni ezimisiwe. Ngakho-ke, ibanga phakathi kophahla oluyisisekelo noluhlanganisiwe lunqunywa kuphela ngobukhulu bezindawo ozimele zohlaka. Ngokuvamile ama-rolls wensimbi (okufana nokujaha okumisiwe) kanye nomsila ophahleni lwe-drywall (umklamo waqoqwa kusuka kumashidi e-plasterboard kanye nohlaka lwensimbi noma ngokhuni). Ngezakhiwo ezimanzi, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa i-machedboard engavikeleki umswakama (ngokumakwa kwe-HCCV). Amashidi akhe, ngokungafani ne-gring grey evamile, apendiwe eluhlaza. Emakethe yaseRussia, i-GLCV inikeza i-GyProc (United Kingdom) kanye ne- "Knauf-gypsum" (Russia). Amashidi ajwayelekile wamashidi - 25001200 kanye ne-30001200mm ngobukhulu obungu-12,5 mm (ngaphansi kuka-9.5 no-6mm). Izindleko - kusuka kuma-ruble angama-70 / m2. Ungabamba futhi izinto ze-gypsumous ezihloselwe izakhiwo ezimanzi (GVLV).I-Wet eyomile kalula futhi ngemuva kokomiswa kuthatha ukwakheka okunikezwe. Le mpahla yezinto ezibonakalayo isetshenziswa ekwakheni izingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi ze-geometric zobuso (ama-arches, domes, ophahleni olusezingeni eliphakeme). Uphala kusuka ku-G Clac namuhla uthandwa kakhulu - akubizi kakhulu, akuvumele ukuba wenze ukwakheka kokuhlelwa okuhlukile kakhulu futhi ubanikeze ukukhanya okwakhelwe ngaphakathi. Ukugqoka izakhiwo Uphahla lwendiza luqoqwa kusuka kumashidi amaningana, umthungo ucwila nge-babbon ebopha uphawu futhi wacutshungulwa nge-putty. Ngemuva kwalokho, ingaphezulu kufanele libekwe kabusha futhi limbozwe nganoma yiluphi upende (zombili izingoma kufanele zenzelwe ukusetshenziswa kumagumbi amamanzi).
"Star Sky"
Endlini yokugezela, uphahla "oluyinkanyezi" luzobukeka lungokoqobo kakhulu. Lokhu ukwakheka okwedlusheke kwefilimu ye-PVC yombala omnyama, okuhlome ngohlelo lwamalambu amancane-izinkanyezi. Kunobuchwepheshe obuningana bokudala "isibhakabhaka":
1. Ukusekela ubuchwepheshe be-fiber optical. I-Fibre ingabekwa okuhlobene nendiza yophahla ngezindlela ezihlukile. Okokuqala, weqa ngendwangu engezansi kweleveli yophahla ngo-10-50cm (ifilimu lifakwe kuqala). Kulokhu, ukuboniswa kwefayibha elikhanyayo endaweni yokunweba kwakha umphumela owengeziwe wokuhlobisa. Okwesibili, ulethe amathiphu we-Optical fiber Thrents kwelinye izinga ngophahla (ifilimu nayo lithathwa). Isiqinisekiso sesithathu yi-fiber kusuka ohlangothini lwangemuva lwe-canvas eliseduze komphezulu walo (ifilimu alisho lutho). Ngosuku lokukhanyisa ngophahla lwendiza luyindiza evamile ebushelelezi.
2. Ukufafaza njengezinto ezikhangayo zeCrustals yenkampani yase-Austrian Swarovski. Ngokukhanyisa kwemvelo, kukhanyiswe kahle ama-crustals, kusihlwa anikeza umdlalo we-rainbow. Ukukhula kwamalensi kuhlinzeka ngaphakathi kwama-cartridges of imishayo yemishayo ye-fiber fiber. Kungenzeka futhi ukuhlanganisa i-lens ngemicu ye-fiber optical.
3. Ukusongela ama-LEDs aboniswa ebusweni bophahla futhi abukeka njengama-amantheni amancane. Zifakiwe ezixhumi ezikhethekile futhi zidinga umthombo okhethekile wamandla. Iphaneli yokuhlela ikuvumela ukuthi usethe izindlela eziyi-10 ze-Flicker zama-diodes.
Yelula ophahleni
Uphahla lwe-Stretch Design luyifilimu elincanyana noma izicubu, welule ohlelweni olukhethekile (baguette). I-Baguette ifakwe ophahleni lwesisekelo noma esizungeze umngcele wezindonga futhi, ngokuya ngendlela yokuqinisa, ingabonakala noma ifihlwe. Indiza ephumayo ibushelelezi kahle futhi ibukeka njengendawo eqinile. Okhohweni onjalo olwenziwe ngamafilimu e-PVC noma indwangu ye-polyester, uhlaka kuzo zombili lezi zigameko lenziwa nge-aluminium noma i-PVC, kodwa kuqinile kakhulu kunefilimu. I-Code and Ukwanda komoya okunomswakama we-tenyoning tenyonity anivikelo ngokuphelele, ngakho-ke, kufakwe kumagumbi amamanzi ngaphandle kwemikhawulo. Ngokuvuza okuvela phezulu, indwangu iyasindisa, yakha i-bubble. Ngokusho kwabakhiqizi, impahla ebekezelela umthwalo we-100l / m2, izivivinyo ezisebenzayo ezenziwa nguMal-C, zikhombise imiphumela ephezulu ku-170l / m2. Ungahudula amanzi ngesimo esiphuthumayo esifanayo ngomgodi wesibani (uma uthango luhlome ngokukhanya okwakhelwe ngaphakathi noma kusuka kwelinye lama-engeli okuhlanganisa, okuzofanela akhishwe okwesikhashana (kulokho ,-ke, kuzodingeka ukuthi ushayele uchwepheshe). Indwangu eyomile iyafuthelwa, futhi uphahla lubuyisela ngokuphelele ukungezwani kwalo.
Ukungathandeki kwefilimu ye-PVC ukuthi ayinawo ukumelana nesithwathwa, emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kwama-0s, izinto ziba ziqinile futhi zibuthaka, kepha, ziqala ukuwela emazingeni okushisa angama-40. Ngakho-ke, uma ufake ophahla lwentambo endlini yezwe ngaphandle kokushisa kobusika obuhlale, qaphela: ungawushayi ukushaya umnyango futhi ungathinti indiza ngezinto ezibukhali kuze kube yilapho izakhiwo zingasebenzi.
Imakethe yaseRussia iveza inani elikhulu lezinkampani ezinikezela ukwelula ophahleni oluvela ku-PVC: I-Barrisol, i-Novermat, i-Frestige design, i-Skol (i-France), i-Deckomat (Germany). I-Polyester Fabric Couilings ikhiqiza inkampani eyodwa kuphela, iSwitzerland Clipso.
Umehluko oyisisekelo ekwakhiweni kophahla oluvela kwifilimu ye-PVC evela kubakhiqizi abahlukahlukene awekho. Lapho kufuthelwa ngenhla kwama-65с, ukuqina kwezinto ezibonakalayo kuyanda, futhi kukhubazekile kahle, le mpahla isetshenziswa lapho ufaka ophahla lweluliwe.
Izinhlaka zingahluka kuma-fasteners nangendlela yokudonsa i-canvas (ikhathuni kanye ne-flawless, cord and cam). Ngendlela ye-harpoon (i-barrisol, i-care noir, i-extenzer, i-extenze, entsha), ukuhlanganiswa kwenziwa ngokuqinile ngokuya ngosayizi wegumbi elingu-10-15%. Ezimweni zokubuya, i-harpoon ifakwa emaphethelweni e-canvase elungiselelwe. Ngendlela yemali, izilinganiso ezicophelela azidingeki, umkhiqizo umane uhanjiswe endaweni, ukushisa kuze kufike kuma-70s bese uhlwitha ku-baguette.
UCeplings we-Stretch angafakwa emakamelweni okucushwa okuhlukile kakhulu, ukwakha izakhiwo ezisezingeni eliphakeme, ama-arches kanye nama-vaults.
AmaCeilengs enziwe ngeziqeshana ze-polyester clipso afakwa emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni. Faka umbala, ngokungafani nezezimbozo zefilimu, zenziwa ngemuva kokufakwa. Indwangu iyinto engamelana neqhwa futhi awesabi amazinga okushisa amabi, kepha akunakwenzeka ukudala uphahla lwesimo esiyinkimbinkimbi nalo.
Ibanga elincanyana lapho lingafakwa khona ophahleni lwentambo kusuka kusisekelo, lungu-0.5-3cm (kuya ngohlelo lwe-fastener).
Lapho ifakwe umklamo wokunwebeka ekukhanyiseni okwakhelwe ngaphakathi, isibani ngasinye (imvamisa ikhomba) ibekwe kusetshenziswa ukumiswa okuhlukile ophahleni oluphambili, futhi izimbobo zisikwa kwi-canvas embozwe ngokufudumala okukhethekile okushisayo ring. Ungasebenzisa amaLambu anamandla afinyelela ku-60W (amalambu e-Incandescent) kuze kufike ku-35W (Halogen). Ukusetha imithombo yamandla amakhulu, ukufakwa okwengeziwe okushisayo kuyadingeka phakathi kwesibani nendiza yophahla, uma kungenjalo ifilimu limane lincibilike.
Izindleko zophahla lwentambo zivela ku- $ 30 ze-1m2, kufaka phakathi ukufakwa, futhi ukuba khona kwezindawo eziyinkimbinkimbi ezakhayo kwandisa inani elifinyelela ku- $ 80s1m2.
Abahleli babonga inkampani ethi "Dipris", "Demotek", "Karee Nouire", "Mal-C", "iplanethi ceilkov", "iplanethi yesikwele",