Ukwakhiwa kwendlu enendawo ephelele ka-155 m2 ngokusho kobuchwepheshe obukuvumela ukuthi unciphise imali eningi.
A- ekufakweni okubekwe kahle;
A- yelule intambo;
Ukuvuleka kwahlukaniswa ngumsebenzi wezitini;
Estise-2M yehlukile nge-jumper;
Izindleko zokwakha indlu zidliwa kusuka ezindlekweni zezinto zokwakha, zabasebenzi kanye nemishini. Ubuchwepheshe be-Tise obusho ukwakhiwa ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izimoto ezinzima ukuphakamisa, ngokusekelwe ezintweni ezishibhile, kunganciphisa kakhulu izindleko eziphelele.
Iphrojekthi "Ithemba"
Ukulandelana kwezenzo ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa kwendlu enezitezi ezimbili ngokuya ngobuchwepheshe be-tease emboza ukwakhiwa kwesisekelo kanye nezindonga zesakhiwo, sizocubungula esibonelweni sephrojekthi ye-Nadezhda evamile. Le ndlu yenzelwe indawo yokuhlala yomndeni ezungeze unyaka nomuntu. Indawo yokwakha - 81m2, indawo ephelele - 155m2, indawo yokuhlala - 75.7 m2. Indlushi yakhiwa yiBrigade yabantu abane, isikhathi sezinyanga- 2,5.Ithebhu eyisisekelo
Ngaphambi kokuqala komsebenzi, inhlabathi yahlaziywa futhi uhlobo lunqunywe, ngoba luya ngokukhethwa kohlobo lwesisekelo. Inhlabathi esizeni ibiyi-bubble, ngakho-ke isisekelo saqala ukwakha ibhande lekholomu. Idizayini yakhelwa kusuka ekusekelweni okufakwe ngaphansi kwezinga lokuqandisa, kanye nengxenye ye-Overhead yokhuni.
Lapho kwakhiwa isisekelo se-columnar-ribbon, isisekelo sencwadi "I-Tise-F" (intengo yama-ruble ayi-1500) ukwenza imithombo esekela nge-cavity enwetshiwe ngezansi. Izenzo zenziwa ngabasebenzi ababili, abakwenza kwaba nokwenzeka ukunciphisa kakhulu izindleko zalesi sigaba sokwakha.
Ukwakhiwa kwesisekelo kwaqala ngemithombo yokumba ngaphansi kokusekelwa. Ngemuva kwalokho, (ngaso sonke isikhathi lapho kwathatha cishe ihora) kulo lwaphenduka ukufakwa kwangaphambi kokulungiswa, okwenziwe ngesimo sabakaki ababili abamise okwenziwe ngensimbi eqinisiwe enobubanzi obungu-12mm, ngokuhamba ngezinyawo. I-bracket ngayinye yenziwa ngenduku ye-armature ngobude obungu-3m ekubalweni ukuze isidumbu esiqediwe sikhulume kahle ku-15-20 cm.
Imicamelo kusuka esihlabathini noma amatshe amatshe lapho kwakhiwa isisekelo sekholomu yalolu hlobo ayidalwanga!
Ngemuva kwalokho baqala ukugcwalisa ukhonkolo olandelayo wokwakheka okulandelayo ezingxenyeni eziningi (usimende-sand-crusp, 1: 3: 2: 0.7. Ngasikhathi sinye, kwasetshenziswa i-Conment Brand M400, i-stone-granite yamatshe echotshoziwe, ngoba izinto ze-porous (isitini, itshe eliqhekekile, i-slag, is slag) linciphisa kakhulu ukwamelana nensika yeSisekelo, okungaholela ekutholeni ukwakhiwa kwe-CROSTION isimo esiphuthumayo.
Ngaphambi kokugcwalisa ukhonkolo, umthombo ngamunye wawufakiwe ama-Pegs-amaphoyinti wezinga lomphetho ophansi wohlaka lweRibbon. Ngaphezu kwalokho, igebe elincane eliphakathi kwenhlabathi nomdwebi kufanele kube ngu-15cm (kuyadingeka ekutheni i-shrinkage eyalandela yendlu). Ukhonkolo wabekwa izingqimba ze-15-20 cm futhi ucindezelwe ngokucophelela. Ingxube kakhonkolo ngokwayo yalungiswa isikhathi esingaphezu kwehora lomsebenzi futhi yasebenza kuze kube yilapho kulungiswa.
Isekela isisekelo
Ukunquma inani nosayizi wezinsika zeSisekelo, izinyathelo zokufakwa kwazo zenze ukubalwa, lapho umthwalo wenhlabathi, isisindo sendlu enomthwalo osebenzayo kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwesisindo ngaphansi kwezindonga zomthwali kwathathwa akhawunti. Ukunquma ukujula kwesisekelo sezinsika zeSisekelo, kuyadingeka ukwazi ukujula kwenhlabathi okubandayo kule ndawo (yeMoscow- 140cm), uhlobo lomhlabathi kanye nezinguquko zalo zesikhukhula kanye nezinguquko zazo zesifo.
Iqondiswa yimiphumela yokubalwa, izici zokusekela ezilandelayo zamukelwa: ububanzi besengezo bengxenye engezansi 0.6m, ukujula okuphelele kokumba - 1.6 m, isinyathelo sokufaka yi-1.5m. Ukuxhaswa kufanele kube khona emakhoneni wendlu, ezungeze i-perimeter nangaphansi kwezindonga zokuthwala ezingaphakathi zesitezi sokuqala ngesinyathelo esibekiwe (1.5 m). Kulokhu, izikhala ezingama-24 zabekwa emngceleni wendlu, ngaphansi kwezindonga zangaphakathi - izinsika ezingama-20, okungukuthi, kwathatha amakholomu angama-44 kuphela ukudala ingxenye engaphansi kwesisekelo.
Ngemuva kokugcwalisa phansi phansi komthombo (5-10 cm ngaphezu kokwanda), kwalethwa kuwo kugingqiwe ku-tube ihembe le-pergamine elakha ingxenye ebushelelezi yomthombo. Ubude be-workpiece yehembe (1.8m) bathathwe ngesilinganiso esizokwenza kahle kusuka emthonjeni we-15-20 cm ngaphansi konqenqema olungaphezulu lwesikhombisi esisezingeni eliphakeme. Bese uqedela ukugcwaliswa kokhonkolo kahle ngaphansi kwesilimo esiphezulu sehembe.
Ngosuku olulandelayo, iziphetho ezivelelayo zezixhaso zazimbozwe ngoButumen (ukuze amanzi avela ezisekelweni awaphumelelanga eWoodini nasezindongeni). Inqubo yokwakha okukodwa, kucatshangelwa isikhathi sokumba, kwahlala kahle cishe ngehora elilodwa nesigamu; Kuzo zonke izesekeli ezingama-44 kwesokunxele ngesonto. Lapho ukusekelwa kokugcina sekuqediwe, baqala ukuhlela ukugqoka okuvundlile kokhuni-lwe-woudscript.
Ifomu le-Scarlet elinokuphakama kobubanzi be-40cm kanye ne-35cm kwenziwa emabhodini. (Ngokuvamile, ububanzi beteyipu yokuhlola bunqunywa ububanzi bezindonga zodonga nohlobo lwesisekelo.) Ukwenza lula ukudalwa kwefomu engxenyeni yendlu, benza ilahla ubuchwepheshe esihlabathini ngaphansi kwe Unqenqema lwamakholomu weSisekelo, sethabe uphawu futhi lumbozwe nge-Pergamine. Ngokubambisana, amalungiselelo okuphela kwezixhaso ePergamine asike izimbobo ezingaphansi kwazo. I-Renta-Scarset yaqiniswa yinduku enobubanzi obungu-12mm- amane ukusuka ngezansi nangaphezulu kuya esigabeni setheyipu, kepha kungasondela ku-3 cm ukusuka emaphethelweni. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungqimba lukakhonkolo wathululelwa kwifomu elinobukhulu obucishe abe ngu-4 cm wabeka izinduku eziphansi kulo. Ngokulandelayo, amafomu agcwaliswa ngokhonkolo, angafinyeleli ku-4cm kuya phezulu, futhi ngokushesha abeka izinduku eziphezulu, ngemuva kwalokho ukhonkolo wagcwaliseka kuze kube sekupheleni. Ubudlelwano obuphakathi kwekhanda nokuxhasa buvela kuphela ngemuva kokugcwaliswa kokhonkolo okuphelele ku-formwork: ngaphansi kwesisindo sokhonkolo, ukulahla udoti kufinyelela cishe ku-1 cm, ukuze izisekelo zingena kwi-teppep eyisisekelo. Ingaphezulu letheyipu (ngemuva kokuqala kokuqina) lakhiwe ngokucophelela futhi lalawulwa izinga lohlaka olungalingani ukwenza ama-masonry awemukeleki.
Ukuqasha kuthathwe isonto lonke. Ipulatifomu yenziwa ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-7, ngemuva kwalokho basusa imfucumfucu yezobuchwepheshe. Ngakho-ke, badala igebe phakathi kwekhanda nenhlabathi, kunxephezela izehlakalo ezibunjiwe. Umbono wokuthi lapho wakhe isisekelo esinjalo se-columnar-ribbon, igebe kufanele ligcwaliswe, yiphutha eliphelele. Ukwephulwa kwalomthetho kuzoholela enhlabathini, ukucisha, ukumane ukhiphe iribhoni kusuka ekusekelweni.
Sinikeza umthamo wezinto zokwakha ezisetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwesisekelo. Ivolumu kakhonkolo edingekayo ukuze izesekeli netheyipu zingu-13m3. Ukusetshenziswa okuphelele kwezinto ezisetshenziselwa idivaysi yokusekelwa: usimende - amathani ama-3.5, i-sand-6m3, itshe elichotshoziwe - 6m3, ukuqiniswa kwe-12mmm- 480kg, i-Pergamine-100m2.
Ngamanani aphakathi kuka-2005. (I-Moscow) Izindleko zezinto zokwakha zazingama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-25. Isikhathi esiphelele sokwakhiwa kwesisekelo yizinsuku eziyi-10.
Amandla kakhonkolo asevele avumele usuku ngemuva kohlaka lokukhala kokuqala ukwakhiwa kwezindonga ngokusho kobuchwepheshe be-tise.
Amamojula we-Tise
Zonke izingxenye zemodyuli zenziwa ngensimbi. Uma kusebenza kahle, kungenzeka ukuthi uchaze amabhulokhi aphezulu ayizinkulungwane eziyi-10, ubukhulu bawo buningi ngama-masonry ajwayelekile amabili "esitini" (nge-tees-2m) noma "eyodwa nengxenye ye Izitini "(zeTees-3m). Lokhu kuvumela ukuhlanganisa izindonga ezinjalo ngezinto zokwakha zendabuko.
Imodyuli iyatholakala ngokuguqulwa okubili okuyinhloko okukuvumela ukuthi udale amabhlogo wobukhulu obulandelayo (DHS):
Tees-2m- 510150250mm (Mass-14kg);
Tees-3m- 510150150380mm (Mass-18kg).
Imodyuli ye-TSE-2M esimweni sethu sasetshenziselwa izindonga zangaphakathi zendlu, ama-Tees-3m ezindongeni ezivunayo zangaphandle ezinomfaki owayo. Amabhulokhi odongeni abunjiwe ngokulandelana okulandelayo: ukwakheka kwafakwa ngendlela, bahlelwe, khona-ke ingxube yahlungwa ngo-1-2 ihlehlise futhi yakushaya. Ipulatifomu (ukususwa kwefomu kusuka ebhlokini elibunjiwe) kwenziwa ngokushesha ngemuva kophawu lokuhlangana. Ibhlokhi elilodwa lakhiwa ngemizuzu engu-4-7. Ngokuqaliswa kwesikhulumi, zonke izikhonkwane zokukhiya zisusiwe futhi zisuswe ngokucophelela lelo fomu. Izindiza zamabhulokhi angelwar zibonakala ngokucophelela zibheke ngokuqondile zisebenzisa i-plumb kanye neleveli. Ngokwenziwa kwamabhulokhi angenakukwazi ukungena kwifomu, ifomu elinamaholo kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwe-scraper.
Izintambo
Ukubumba kwe-Wall Block kwenziwa odongeni ngaphandle kwesixazululo esingaphansi, futhi kungenzeka ukuqala ukuvinjwa kwamabhulokhi ngosuku olulandelayo. Sifuna ukugcizelela ukuthi alukho ungqimba olungenamanzi aludingekile ukubekezelela phakathi kwenombolo yokuqala yamabhulokhi nemishini yokudweba, ngoba ukuhlukaniswa komswakama kuvimbela ungqimba lwesikhumba phakathi kwamakhanda kanye nemikhawulo yezesekeli. Ngokusekelwe kubude bamamojula (510 mm) futhi, kucatshangelwa izikhala ze-inter-block (cishe 10 mm), ubude bodonga bunconywa ukwenza okuningi kwe-260mm (510: 2 + 10).Kufanele futhi kuqashelwe ukuthi izindonga ezibushelelezi zemodyuli yefomu lokumisa amakhethini livumela izindonga ngendawo ebushelelezi engadingi ukusetshenziswa okulandelayo kwesendlalelo esisheshayo. Lokhu kudala ukonga okwengeziwe kwezinto zokwakha, kunciphisa izindleko zabasebenzi nezimali. Ungakha izindonga ezinjalo kunoma yiziphi izisekelo.
Ngaphambi kokuqala kokukhiqizwa kwamabhulokhi okuqala, intambo yadonswa. Ukugxila kukho, kufakwe ifomu. Izindonga zangaphandle zakhiwa zisebenzisa imodyuli ye-TSE-3M. Ukwakhiwa kwaqala ngophawu lwezingcezwana ze-angular zodonga (ngokugqoka okujwayelekile) kwezitini ezintathu zobumba ezintathu zobumba, enye yaphukile ngesigamu. Ukugqoka oku-angular kungenziwa futhi kusetshenziswe ibhlokhi yodonga olufushanisa nobude obungu-12 cm, kodwa kithi bakhethe inketho "yezitini" njengokuhlobisa okungaphezulu.
Ukwakha i-Wall Block elandelayo, ifomu lemodyuli elisethwe eduze kwebhulokhi esanda kuqedwa. Ngasikhathi sinye, abakwa-Holloul-amafomu bahlelwe ngendlela yokuthi udonga olubanzi (11cm) lutholwe ngaphakathi kwendlu, futhi ngaphansi komncane (9cm). Lapho wenza amabhlogo wezindonga zangaphandle zokuqiniswa okuguqukayo, kusetshenziswe izinduku ze-basalt (okubizwa ngokuthi "okubizwa nge-" okuvumelana nokuxhumana ", izindleko ze-1 purt-7rub.
Ngemuva kokuchitha ingxube yesikhwama esisodwa sikasimende (amabhulokhi angama-8-12), ngaphambi kokuthi uyibekele, sekuqalile ukuvumelanisa nokubhema indawo yodonga, obekusetshenziswa khona. Izikhala ezimile phakathi kwamabhulokhi, izimbobo ezivela ezihlotsheni eziguqukayo, ukungahambi kahle ezindaweni ezivundlile ze-masonry zagcwala i-celment inhlanganisela yokwakheka kwesimende-sandy. I-Apack ayiyona igrout ephelele futhi ukugcwaliswa okuphelele kwezimbobo akudingeki, bembozwe kuphela (ekujuleni kokungadluli ku-1 cm).
Ukubeka phansi amabhulokhi lokhuni emabhulokini, i-niche yenziwa ngaphansi kokubekwa kwemikhawulo yemishayo yokhuni enesigaba se-15050mm esifakwe emaphethelweni. Imishayo yokweqiwa komhlaba yayisekwe ngqo eRuralsk. Ukuxhaswa kwemishayo kufakwe ekubhangqeni kwamabhulokhi asondelene nesinyathelo se-520mm (Multiple 260mm). Ukwakha i-niche lapho wenza ibhlokhi, kuyadingeka ukuhlinzeka ngefomethi eyengeziwe engenalutho. Ngenxa yalokhu, i-liner ekhishwe ngokhuni enokuphakama kwamakhulu angama-200 no-50mm, futhi ubude bawo bathathwa, ngokusekelwe kusayizi webhulokhi (110mm ngangaphandle kanye ne-45mm ezindongeni zangaphakathi). Lapho kufakwa udaka, i-liner yabuyiselwa emuva. Ngosuku olulandelayo, ngemuva kokubeka inombolo evuleke ngaphansi kokugcwala, imishayo yafakwa, bese kusungulwa inani elisha lamabhulokhi. Futhi kwafika lapho kudlula khona idivaysi phakathi kwezitezi. Ukugqoka ngezindonga zangaphakathi akenziwanga, izindonga zangaphakathi nangaphandle zakhiwa ngokuzimela komunye nomunye. Uma isikhala sebhulokhi yokugcina besingaphansi kosayizi waso ojwayelekile, into enjalo yabunjwa kusetshenziswa ifomu elikhethekile lefomu. Uma kudingekile ukubeka ibhulokhi phakathi kolunye, kudalwe ngaphambili, i-PIN ende ende ayifakanga emigodini (ngaphandle kwalokho ibingasuswa kwifomu ngesikhathi seplatifomu).
Ukuqonda kodonga kwanikezwa ukwenziwa kwamabhulokhi ngentambo. Isakhiwo esithe mpo sihlolwe njalo ngomugqa we-4 wama-masonry. Uma udonga "luhambile" luye ohlangothini, ingaphezulu lama-masonry lahlanjululwa yi-halflubs ukuze ifomu lisekele lamukele isikhundla esidingekayo. Ukuvundlile kwendiza ephezulu yohlobo ngalunye olubunjiwe lwamabhulokhi kwahlolwa kusetshenziswa izinga. Uma kunesidingo, nayo yagcwala. Ubude be-Sixter Okokuloba eceleni akubi ngaphansi kwama-50 cm, ngoba indiza ephezulu ayikho ngaphansi kwama-120 cm, ububanzi ngu-10-15 cm. (Esikhathini esizayo, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi izimbobo ze-bracket azikwazi ukudonswa kumalunga amabhlokhi.)
Izindonga zangaphandle kumele zibe nezimpawu eziphakeme zokushisa ezifaka izici. Lokhu kungavikelelwa ukufakwa okuthembekile. Umjikelezo onomfaki ogelezayo wasetshenziswa kuleli cala ngalinye, ngaphakathi kwebhlokhi ngalinye, ungqimba olufudumele lwe-foamizol lwakhiwa ngobukhulu be-18cm. Umklamo onjalo eziciniso ezisindisa ukushisa ulingana nombuso wezitini ngosayizi we-3m. Ukugcwaliswa kwe-foamizol ngophawu ngasikhathi sinye nakho kwenziwa njalo ngomugqa we-4 wama-masonry, ngemuva kokubheka i-verticatity nodonga oluvundlile.
Ukusebenza Ingxube
Wonke umuntu owajwayelana nobuchwepheshe be-Tees unesifiso sokuhlanganiswa kokhonkolo. Abaningi balahlile ukungabaza: Kungenzeka yini ngempela ukuchaza ibhulokhi ngokuvimbela ngemuva kokuqinisa umthwalo wamathani angaphezu kwe-100 ngemuva kokuqina? Imfihlo yonke ilele ekuqasheni ngobuningi bengxube ehlanganisa usimende m400, isihlabathi namanzi. Isilinganiso sezinto zezakhi zesimende-sand-manzi: 1: 3: 0.5.
Isihlabathi Akumele kube mncane (uthuli), ngaphandle kokungcola kobumba. Uma kuzoba nezingxenyana eziningi ezahlukahlukene ku-3mm ngosayizi ekwakhiweni kwazo, ingxubevange ekhonkolo egcwele ingahle iphume ngokulinganiselwa kwevolumu ye-1: 4: 0.5. Lapho ubhala le ngxube, uhlobo lomlomo kufanele lubhekwe. Ngakho-ke, ngophawu lwe-500, inombolo yalo ingancishiswa ngo-20%, kepha phakathi nomkhiqizo ongu-300 kuzofanela ukukhuphuka ngo-20%.
Inani lamanzi . Njengoba ingxube kufanele ivele ibe nzima, inani lamanzi angeziwe kulo kufanele lithathwe ngokucophelela kakhulu. Ngomswakama owedlulele, ibhlokhi ebunjiwe "intanta" izothola ifomu elimise okwenziwe imigqomo, futhi ngokushoda lizosikhubeka ngemuva kwesiteji. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi kuyadingeka ukubheka umswakama wemvelo wesihlabathi, obekusemoyeni ovulekile isikhathi eside: ngemuva kwemvula, umthamo emanzini ungakhula kakhulu. Noma kunjalo, isipiliyoni sikhombisa ukuthi azikho izinkinga ngokunquma inani lamanzi - konke kucace emabhulokini amabili noma amathathu. Ngokusobala, akunakwenzeka ukwakha amabhlogo ngaphansi kwemvula enkulu.
Ingxube yayimi ngalendlela elandelayo. Ekuqaleni, cishe ingxenye yevolumu yesihlabathi edingekayo yathululelwa futhi yahlakazeka, khona-ke isikhwama sokwenza usimende sathululelwa kuwo, futhi ingxenye yesihlabathi esedlule yathululelwa. Lo mxube wonke washukunyiswa ifosholo ngaphambi kokuthola impunga egqokile (ngaphandle kwendlela yesihlabathi). Emva kwalokho, kusukela ekubunjweni kokwehla okwenziwe kwenze isilayidi ngokujula phakathi, lapho kwathululwa khona yonke indawo yamanzi. Ngemuva kwemizuzu engu-1-2, lapho amanzi emunwa, le ngxube yaphinde yakhanya, ivelele ukuhlakanipha. Isikhathi sokulungiselela sengxube yesikhwama esisodwa sosememende (50kg) sasinemizuzu engu-8-10. Isikhwama sosimende sibalwe ngamabhakede ayi-12 (10l) namanzi angama-25l. Ingxube kufanele ilungiselelwe njengoba kudingeka, inikezwe ijubane lamabhulokhi okubumba. Akudingekile ukugcina umkhiqizo wekusasa, kuyadingeka ukuthi kusetshenziswe kuze kube yilapho isilungiselelo esenzeka ngemizuzu engama-30-50. Isikhwama esisodwa sikasimende sichithwe ngokulinganayo lapho sisebenza ngemodyuli eyodwa ngesigamu sehora. Ivolumu yengxube ephekiwe kusuka esikhwameni esisodwa sosimende yanele emabhulokini ayi-12 ama-Tis-2m noma amabhlokhi angama-8 we-TIS-3M.
Ukuze izindonga zangaphandle zitholwe ziqine ngokwanele, zikhona njalo ngomugqa we-4 kaMasonry, ngokushesha ngemuva kokukhungatheka futhi zibambe ukufakwa, ziqiniswe ngegridi ekhethekile ye-fiberglass. Akadali amabhuloho abandayo, aqede ukudonswa kokufakwa kwenqwaba futhi kubuyelwa kalula ngesikhafu esijwayelekile. Kubhekwe ikakhulukazi ukuze amalunga amalunga odongeni atholakala ngokuqondile emgqeni ofanayo futhi akwenzekanga emakhoneni, efasiteleni naseminyango.
Ukubumba ungqimba wamabhulokhi akha umnyango noma ngewindows ngokushesha ngemuva kokuphothula izinto ze-angular zalolu ungqimba. Amabhulokhi eduze kokuzivuselela ngokwawo enza ukubalwa okunjalo ukuze kucishe kube njalo okungenakugwenywa izinto ezingenakuqhathaniswa zitholakala endaweni ethile phakathi nodonga. Umugqa ophansi ukuvulwa kwewindows wabekwa kugridi yokuqinisa (ukuqinisa ukwakheka endaweni yokuvula futhi ukhiphe isiteshi esivundlile sodonga). I-cavity ephumela yayilala ngokufakwa, bese inamathela ngePegamin, futhi ngaphezulu imbozwe ngesendlalelo esincanyana sesisombululo. Igebe phakathi kwezindonga zangaphakathi nezangaphandle ohlangothini lwewindi lambozwa ngeBhodi. Okokuqapha ama-engeli okuvuleka, ukubekwa akuzange kuguqulwe kube yingxenye yebhlokhi, kushiye phambili ukuqhubeka kokusekelwa kwe-jumper. I-block cavity lapho kuzokwenzeka khona i-jumper, egcwele ukhonkolo. Ama-jumpers ngenhla kwewindows neminyango yenziwa yindlela yendabuko yokuqinisa izinto zikakhonkolo ezihlokweni eziqondile odongeni (ukhonkolo, okufanayo nalapho uthele ihlolwe). Ubukhulu bomnyango kanye nokuvulwa kwefasitela kwenziwa ngabaningi abangama-26cm (ukuphakama kwewindows- 1350mm, ububanzi - 1290, 2060, 2000, 770, 1500 mm, ububanzi - 890, 790 mm). Lapho ufaka umnyango ojwayelekile namabhokisi ewindi, amabhodi anxephezelayo afakiwe ekuvulekeni okunjalo. Ukuqinisa amabhokisi okuqinisa amabhlokhi okuthe xaxa kwenziwa ngendlela ejwayelekile.
Izindonga zangaphakathi zibunjiwe kusetshenziswa imodyuli ye-TSE-2M. Ngasikhathi sinye, umugqa wokuqala waqala ngamabhulokhi eduze kwezindonga zangaphandle. Ama-ejenti angenayo e-Inner Wall Block ahlelwe ngendlela yokuthi athole amabili alingana ngenani le-cavity elihlukaniswe ukuhlukaniswa okuthe mpo. Ukuze kusetshenziswe ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo, ukuvuleka kwewindows kwahlukaniswa nezinto ze-Brickwork. Izindonga zangaphakathi zendlu eqinisiwe yendlu - emugqeni ngamunye, kusetshenziswe izinduku ezimbili nge-6mm, zitholakala ngokuvundlile. Kwenze ukuthi kwenzeke ukusebenzisa iziteshi zodonga ezimile ukuze zilethe kuzo ukuxhumana kwezobunjiniyela. Njengoba amabhlogo afakwa ngezendlalelo (ungqimba olulodwa ngosuku), ukwakhiwa kwezindonga zendlu kwahlala iziphetho ezimbili.
Amapulazi kanye namapulazi ophahleni ahlanganiswe nezindonga ngokulandelana kuka-150150mm, eduze komngcele wezindonga zangaphandle (Mauerlat). IMaururlalat ilungiswe odongeni isebenzisa izinto ezenzelwe imalimboleko eyenziwe ngesimo sezigaxa ezakhiwe ngocingo ezinobubanzi obungu-6mm. Babesendaweni ezungeze umngcele wodonga onqenqemeni lwe-1.5 m futhi abhalwe emgodini wokuvimba. Ngemuva komsebenzi wokwakha, ukufakwa kwezokuxhumana kwezobunjiniyela sekuqalile.
Ngenhla
Phakathi kwemishayo yokuqothuka okuphansi kwafaka i-rotor yenduku 5mm ngethanga le-40cm. Ku-toped acterfloor impahla, beka ukufakwa (Minvat 10 cm obukhulu) kanye nezinto ezibonakalayo ezifanayo. Ama-lags (izingodo 55cm) abethelwa phezu kwemishayo enesinyathelo ngo-50 cm, futhi emabhodini awo aqinile (32mm), i-dlelapha (6mm) ne-linoleum.
Izitezi ezisendlini yokugezela zishaywe ngendlela efanayo, esikhundleni se-lag, amabhodi aphindwayo ayehamba kahle (28mm). Phezu - elinye ungqimba lwamabhodi angaphansi kweminyaka engama-45 kuya emishameni yokugcwala, edonswe nge-polyethylene futhi wathululelwa ngokhonkolo (30mm) ngokuqinisa igridi. Ngemuva kokuthulula ukhonkolo ku-glue lalela i-cellamic tile.
Ama-KBalks phakathi kwesitezi sokuqala nesesibili afakwa ezinhlangothini zemigoqo 44cm futhi lapha kwabizwa ngokuthi yiphansi elimnyama (20mm). Wonke umuntu wayembozwe nge-polyethylene, lapho kwakusele khona isihlabathi (7cm). Ngaphezulu kwama-lags alele ngo-50 cm. Izincwadi zabethelwa ngeBhodi Ethambekele (32mm), Phaneur neLinoleum. I-slockerboard yokuqala yokuqala enamathiselwe (12mm).
Ukuqunjelwa okuphezulu kwahlelwa ngendlela efanayo kuya phansi, kepha ngemuva kokubeka ukufakwa, amabhodi (28mmm) akhishwe ngaphandle.
Ukuxhumana kobunjiniyela
Ngokuhambisana nohlelo lokutholwa ezindaweni zokufakwa kokuqiniswa (ukushintshwa, izitolo, iT.P.P.), ngesikhathi sokubumba kwamabhulokhi kufaka phakathi izimbobo zalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwenziwa izibuko zokhuni, osayizi bawo abebehambelana nesitimela sikagesi esikhethiwe. Lapho kucatshangelwa ibhlokhi lapho umgodi wacatshangelwa, ikhambi elincane lavinjelwa, khona-ke ingilazi ibekwe kwifomu futhi ukubumba kwaqedwa. Ingilazi isuswe ngokushesha ngemuva kwesikhulumi. Ibhokisi elijwayelekile laligxilile kuphela ngemuva kokukhululwa kusukela ekuvuleni kwazo zonke izintambo ezihilelekile kule node.
Umjovo wamapayipi wamanzi wenziwa ekujuleni kwedlula ukujula kwama-drainage alinganiselwa ku-0.5 m. Kuleli zinga, ipayipi lalisekhaya futhi livuke ngaphansi komhlaba. Ngaphansi kwesakhiwo, endaweni yokuxhumana yezokuxhumana, kwakukhona amaveyili avela ku-concrete ring eqinisiwe enobubanzi obungu-1m. Amapayipi esikhala ngokweqile afakwa nge-minvata.
I-caliation kanye namanzi ama-risers atholakala ngemuva kokuhlukaniswa okukhanyayo egumbini lokugezela. Ukuhlukaniswa kwahlotshiswe nge-sash yokukhuphuka nokusebenza.
I-Riser yohlelo lokuhambisa indle isuswe ngaphezu kwesitezi sesibili ngepayipi lokungena komoya omncane onobubanzi obungu-50mm. Ukuphefumula kuyadingeka ekusebenzeni kahle kwe-septic kanye nokusebenza okujwayelekile kwama-shutter amanzi kumadivayisi we-Plumbing.
Uhlelo lokunikezwa kwegesi lwendlu lwenziwa ngokuya ngohlelo oluvulekile, hhayi emikhakheni ye-Intra-Industrial.
Iziteshi zomoya wokuphefumula nazo zenziwa ezindongeni ezisemqondweni eziqonde mpo. Ekamelweni ngalinye ladala umzila lwazo, ama-air ducts alethwe ophahleni emgwaqweni. Igumbi lihlinzekwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi emgodini odongeni olungaphakathi lwebhulokhi, etholakala emugqeni ongenhla, ngokubeka igridi yokuphuma komoya omncane.
I-Ventilation Ventiled ihlelwe ngeziteshi ezikhethekile ngaphansi kohlaka lwefasitela. Ngaphambi kokufaka iwindi endizeni ephezulu yodonga olungezansi, amashubhu wokufaka umoya wokungena oxhunyiwe ngesigaba sesiphambano esingu-52cm (2 cm2 esigabeni samapayipi amakamelo angu-1M2).
Ukufingqa, siphawula ukuthi, ngokulandelayo kusuka kokuhlangenwe nakho okusebenzayo, ubuchwepheshe bezinyosi buhlinzeka:
ukuncishiswa kwezindleko eziphelele kaningi ngokuqhathaniswa nobunye ubuchwepheshe bokwakha;
amathuba okuba kwakhiwa ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izimoto ezisindayo;
Amathuba okuba ukwakhiwa ezindaweni zokulwa ezingalungiselelwe (ngaphandle kukagesi).
Ukubalwa okukhulisiwe kwezindleko zomsebenzi kanye nezinto zokwakha ekwakhiweni kwendlu ngendawo ephelele ye-155m2, efana nale.
| Igama lemisebenzi | Iyunithi. | Inombolo ye | Intengo, $ | Izindleko, $ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Umsebenzi weSisekelo | ||||
| Kuthatha izembe, ukwakheka, ukuthuthukiswa kanye nokuphumula | M3. | 17. | ishumi nesishayagalombili | 306. |
| Idivaysi yokuvuma amanzi okuvundlile futhi okulandelayo | M2. | 39. | isishiyagalombili | 312. |
| Ukwakheka kwezisekelo ze-columnar, i-monolithic ehlabezelwe ngokhonkolo | M3. | Okuqophele imali | 60. | 720. |
| -Nke | 1340. | |||
| Izinto ezisetshenzisiwe esigabeni | ||||
| Ukhonkolo | T. | I-3.5 | 70. | 245. |
| I-granite yamatshe echotshoziwe, isihlabathi | M3. | Okuqophele imali | 28. | 336. |
| I-Bituminous Polymer Mastic, Hydrohotellol | M2. | 100 | 3. | 300. |
| I-armature, i-knitting wire, amapulangwe sawn, njll. | ukubeka esikhathini esithile | okukodwa | 170. | 170. |
| -Nke | I-1050. | |||
| Izindonga, ukwahlukaniswa, ukunqamula | ||||
| Ukulungiselela udaka lukakhonkolo ezimweni zokwakha | M3. | 78. | ishumi nanhlanu | 1170. |
| Ukubekwa kwezindonga nokuhlukaniswa (ubuchwepheshe be-tecise) | M3. | 76. | 75. | 5700. |
| Udonga lokuphamba odongeni | M2. | 100 | 2.8. | I-280. |
| Kuthulula ama-jumpers okuvuleka | RM. M. | 23. | ishumi nesithupha | 368. |
| Ukuhambisana kwezindawo zodonga nokuhlukaniswa | M2. | 290. | 1,8. | 522. |
| Ukufakwa kanye nokudiliza kwe-scaffolding | M2. | 78. | 3,4. | 265. |
| Ukugqagqana kwamadivayisi ezindongeni zamatshe | M2. | 155. | Okuqophele imali | Ngo-1860. |
| Ukufakwa kwezimbozo kanye nokufakwa ngokweqile | M2. | 260. | 2. | 520. |
| Ukugcwalisa ukuvuleka ngamabhulokhi ewindows | M2. | 23. | 35. | 805. |
| -Nke | 11490. | |||
| Izinto ezisetshenzisiwe esigabeni | ||||
| Ukhonkolo | T. | amashumi amabili | 70. | 1400. |
| Isihlabathi | M3. | 44. | ishumi nanhlanu | Ngo-660. |
| Mesh plaster fiberglass | M2. | 100 | 0.5. | amashumi amahlanu |
| Izinduku ze-Basalt (ukuxhumana okuguquguqukayo) | PC. | 2300. | 0.26. | 598. |
| Ukwahlukanisa | M3. | 32. | 40. | 1280. |
| I-Armature 6mm | uhlobo | 70. | 0.4. | 28. |
| Izinkuni zeSawn | M3. | isishiyagalolunye | 120. | I-1080. |
| Amabhulokhi e-Plastice Window (amafasitela amabili acwebezelayo acwebezelayo) | M2. | 23. | 240. | 5520. |
| -Nke | 10620. | |||
| Idivayisi yophahla | ||||
| Ukufakwa kwe-Rafter Design | M2. | 105. | Okuthenyalwayo | I-1050. |
| Idivayisi ye-vaporizolation yekhambi | M2. | 105. | 3. | 315. |
| I-Metal Coating insiza | M2. | 105. | Okuqophele imali | 1260. |
| -Nke | 2625. | |||
| Izinto ezisetshenzisiwe esigabeni | ||||
| Ishidi lensimbi elihlanganisiwe | M2. | 105. | Okuqophele imali | 1260. |
| Izinkuni zeSawn | M3. | okune | 120. | 480. |
| I-Steam, umoya namafilimu angenamanzi | M2. | 105. | 2. | 210. |
| -Nke | Ngo-1950. | |||
| Izindleko eziphelele zomsebenzi | 15460. | |||
| Izindleko eziphelele zezinto zokwakha | 13620. | |||
| -Nke | 29080. |