Umthengi wekona

Mayelana nendlela abathengi ukuvikela amalungelo abo okusingatha isimangalo, esidinga umthengisi noma umenzi. Amazwana emthethweni

Uma usonkontileka engahambisani nomsebenzi womsebenzi, umthengi unelungelo lokufuna inhlawulo. Bala inani layo kalula: Udinga ukwandisa iphesenti lenhlawulo (ihlelwe kwinkontileka) ngentengo yomsebenzi nangesikhathi sokubambezeleka. Kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukubheka ukuthi ubukhulu benhlawulo (noma ngabe ayicaciswanga kwinkontileka) yi-3%. Ngakho-ke, usonkontileka akakwazi ukunciphisa inani lenhlawulo.

I-Photoxpress.Ruthe Info ngemuva kokuthenga izinto iyavela ukuthi ayisifaneli ngesizathu esithile. Isimo esimweni (okungelona iqiniso) sibuyisa umkhiqizo wekhwalithi engasetshenziswanga, noma ngaphandle kokupakishwa (yisho, i-Electric Kettle), uma nje unesheke neminye imibhalo (ngokweqiniso. Kuyadingeka izinsuku eziyi-14 ukuxhumana nomthengisi futhi ushintshaniswe akukufaneleki ngesimo, imibala, ubukhulu, ukucushwa komkhiqizo, into esemqoka ukuthi ihlala isengokona. Noma ngabe isheke lalahleka, ungathembela ekubuyiselweni kwemali noma ukushintshanisa izimpahla ngokufana, kepha ngolunye usayizi noma umbala, phambi kobufakazi mayelana nokuthi imikhiqizo oyithengile lo mthengisi othile.

Kepha kwesinye isikhathi izimpahla ezithengiwe ziphenduke zibe nephutha noma zibangele ukulimala kumthengi. Kulokhu, ukufeza isinxephezelo somonakalo, ukuguqula noma ukulungisa into eyonakele kunzima. Ngakho-ke, kunomthetho "ekuvikelweni kwamalungelo abathengi", ahlanganisa imithetho yokuthola imvume yezimo ezingenzeka kwezingqungquthela.

Okwenzelwe umthetho obhalwe ngaye

Ake siphendule umbuzo olula kakhulu, kepha obalulekile: Ngabe nina bathengi nokuthi ngabe imithetho ilotshwe kuwe eqoshwe emthethweni "ekuvikeleni amalungelo abathengi"? Ngakho-ke, umthengi uyisakhamuzi, "ethola noma esebenzisa izimpahla (umsebenzi, izinsizakalo) kuphela izidingo zomuntu siqu, zomndeni, ezifuywayo nezinye ezinye izidingo ezingahlobene nokuqaliswa kwemisebenzi yebhizinisi."

Phambilini, umthetho "ekuvikelweni kwamalungelo abathengi" uma nje imiqondo "yabathengi" ne "isitholi" iyafana. Umphumela wawususelwa amalungelo alabo bantu abangazange bathenge izimpahla ngokwabo noma bale insizakalo, kodwa bathola, ngokwesibonelo, njengesipho. Eqinisweni, umthetho awuzange ubabone abasebenzisi nabathengi. Izinguquko zichitshiyelwe futhi zibekwe lapho abathengi zingaba khona futhi umthengi akusho ukuthi umthengi kuphela wezimpahla ezitholwe nguye, umsebenzi wayala. Manje usungumthengi ophelele ekunika izimpahla. Noma into ethile, umsebenzi noma insizakalo ingakwazi uku-oda futhi ikhokhele ngesicelo sakho, okungukuthi, kumadokhumenti aqinisekisa ukuthengiselana kokuthenga nokuthengisa, ngeke kube negama lakho. Uma usebenzisa umkhiqizo (umsebenzi, insizakalo) ongazange uthenge (awuzange u-oda) mathupha, usenomthengi, njengomuntu owuthole ngqo lo mkhiqizo.

UMthetho uhlala uphakama ngakolunye uhlangothi okuvikelwe ngokusemthethweni, okungukuthi, ohlangothini lomthengi. Kufanele kwaziwe ukuthi umthetho "ekuvikelweni kwamalungelo abathengi" usebenza kuphela kulabo abathengela izimpahla ngezidingo zabo. Uma kuphakama izinkinga ngokuthengwa kwanoma yimiphi imikhiqizo, ukuhleleka komsebenzi noma izinsizakalo zemisebenzi yebhizinisi, ukuzinqumela ngosizo lomthetho wezombumba.

Ukusetshenziswa kuhlotshaniswa nokutholwa kwanoma yini, i-oda lomsebenzi noma wezinsizakalo. Ngamafuphi, le miqondo iyahlanganiswa. Othandweni, uba ngumnikazi womkhiqizo (ngokwesibonelo, esiqandisini noma i-microwave), okusetshenziselwa okuzayo ngezidingo zakho noma okudluliselwe komunye umuntu. Ngakho-ke, ukusebenzisa igama elithi "izimpahla", sizoqhubeka sikhumbula izinto zezwe lezinto ezibonakalayo (lithi, iphepha lokunamathisela odongeni elithengwe esitolo sezinto zokwakha), futhi umsebenzi owenziwe ngesicelo sakho (ngokwesibonelo, ukuqina kwesithombe sangemuva) Futhi izinsizakalo ezinikezwe wena (njengokusesha abakhi beBrigades ukuze balungiswe efulethini lakho noma ezinsizakalweni zeRealtor).

I-PhotoxPress namuhla yiphuzu elilodwa elibalulekile: izimpahla azigcini nje ngale ndaba, umsebenzi noma insizakalo, kodwa futhi imininingwane ngalo mkhiqizo. Umthetho uhlinzeka ngezinyathelo zokuzibophezela zokuhlinzeka ngemininingwane engaphelele noma engathembekile yomkhiqizo. Kuliqiniso, imithetho yaseRussia iyinto evumelana nalutho kule ndawo. Isibonelo, i-AB Great Britain, yayala bonke ababizwa ngokuthi "abathengisi bamahhala" ukwazisa amakhasimende angaba khona ukuthi, bathola izimpahla ezihlongozwayo, basebenza ngengozi yabo nasengozini. Ngakho-ke, umbuso ugcizelela ukuthi akunankinga uma i-wand wand ethengiwe ngumthengisi we-deft izokwenqaba ukuholela ku-Gold.

Ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi

Manje kufanele sithole impendulo komunye umbuzo: Ngabe izimpahla zithengiwe yithi (noma zi-oda umsebenzi noma insizakalo) ziwe ngaphansi kwezinkomba zomthetho "ekuvikelweni kwamalungelo abathengi"?

Okokuqala, izimpahla ozitholile kumele zenzelwe izidingo zasendlini. Kwezimpahla ezikhiqizwa ukusetshenziswa kobungcweti, imithetho efakwe ngumthetho "ekuvikelweni kwamalungelo abathengi" awasebenzi.

Okwesibili, uma ufuna ukushintshana ngomkhiqizo osezingeni ongakuphakamisi ngokubukeka, umbala noma usayizi, qiniseka ukuthi ukushintshaniswa noma ukulungisa okuthenge kukho konke kuvumelana nawe. Kunohlu lwezimpahla ezisezingeni elifanele ezingenakuthathelwa indawo efanayo. Izincwadi zifaka, ngokwesibonelo, umkhiqizo olinganisiwe (i-linoleum noma ukhaphethi, amakhethini kagesi, akhishwe ngamamitha asendlini), ifenisha eyinkimbinkimbi ngosuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi (ake lithi, i-TV noma imishini ye-TV noma imishini yasendlini ).

Okwesithathu, kuyadingeka ukucacisa ukuthi yisiphi isikhathi somsebenzi womthengisi (umenzi, owenzayo) phambi komthengi esebenza kulo mkhiqizo (umsebenzi, izinsizakalo). Ngasikhathi sinye, kuyadingeka ukwazi ukuthi isikhathi somthwalo wemfanelo esivela kumthengisi, umenzi, umculi kanye nongemthetho behlukile. Isikhathi esikhulu, vele, sisungula umenzi (noma owenzayo), ngakho-ke uma umthengisi noma ongenisanga ukukuphika ukwanelisa izidingo zakho zezimpahla ezisezingeni eliphakeme, ungaxhumana nomenzi (umenzi).

Njengamanje kunamathemu amabili athi "Impilo Yenkonzo" kanye "nesikhathi sewaranti". Kufanele bahlukaniswe.

Impilo yenkonzo yesikhathi lapho umenzi (umphathi) enza khona ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukusebenzisa izimpahla (umsebenzi) ngenhloso ehlosiwe futhi enesibopho sokubukelwa phansi okuvela kwiphutha layo.

Umenzi unesibopho sokusungula impilo yenkonzo kuphela uma izimpahla (noma imiphumela yomsebenzi, izinsizakalo) zingaba yingozi empilweni, impilo yabathengi noma ukulimala. Ngakho-ke, kweminye imikhiqizo, impilo yensizakalo iyimpoqo (ngokwesibonelo, kumadivayisi kagesi, ifenisha, izinsimbi zomculo kanye nemishini yezemidlalo). Kuzo zonke ezinye izimo, ukuzimisela kwempilo yenkonzo ngokuzithandela. Uma ungatholanga uphawu ngempilo yenkonzo emibhalweni ehambisana nalesi simpahla oyithengile, kungenzeka ukwenza isimangalo sekhwalithi yomkhiqizo iminyaka eyi-10 kusukela ngosuku lokudluliselwa kuwe Le nto (umthetho ofanayo usebenza emsebenzini noma emisebenzini). Impilo yenkonzo ilinganiswa ngamahora, izinsuku ze-Ormy, futhi kwesinye isikhathi emahoreni okusebenza noma amakhilomitha e-mileage (kuya ngomkhiqizo).

Isikhathi sewaranti yisikhathi lapho umenzi (umphathi wefa), umthengisi, inhlangano egunyaziwe noma osomabhizinisi abagunyaziwe, ongenisa impahla ogunyaziwe, ongenisa impahla ezweni kufanele anelise izidingo zomthengi ukuqeda ukushiyeka kwezimpahla (umsebenzi). Ukusungulwa kwesikhathi sewaranti kulungile, hhayi isibopho somenzi (umdwebi). Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi kubuye kube nesikhathi sewaranti esichazwe ngumthengisi (isikhathi esinjalo sewaranti sinqunyelwe uma umenzi engazange aqambe umthwalo wakhe wemfanelo). Umthengisi angasungula isikhathi sokukhokhiswa okuphezulu, ngaleyo ndlela akhuphule isikhathi sesikhathi sewaranti, ebethenjelwe esemthethweni empahleni eyenziwe ngumenzi.

Isikhathi sewaranti ye-Aesli sempahla asifakiwe? Lapho-ke umthengi unelungelo lokuveza umthengisi (umenzi, inhlangano egunyaziwe noma osomabhizinisi abagunyaziwe, ongenisakele) izidingo eziphathelene nokushiyeka kwezimpahla, uma kushiwo eMthethweni "ekuvikeleni amalungelo abathengi", "ngaphakathi Isikhathi esifanelekile, kepha kungakapheli iminyaka emi-2 "kusukela osukwini lokudluliselwa kwemikhiqizo kumthengi (noma kunjalo, ngokwesivumelwano sokuthengisa, le nkathi ingakhuphuka, ngakho-ke kuyanda ukucubungula ngokucophelela umbhalo wenkontileka ngaphambi kokuxhumana nomthengisi ). Isikhathi sewaranti somsebenzi (izinsizakalo) silingana neminyaka emi-5, uma umsebenzi uhlotshaniswe nezezakhiwo, noma ama-2godas kuwo wonke amanye amacala. Uyacelwa uqaphele ukuthi isikhathi sewaranti sento evakashele ukulungiswa kwewaranti sinwetshwa ngaleso sikhathi lapho kungasetshenziswanga khona (isikhathi salesi sikhathi sibalwa kusukela ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kwakho ngesidingo kuze kube usuku yokukhipha umkhiqizo ovela ku-workshop yokulungisa).

Kukhona elinye eliseduze nencazelo ethi- "Impilo Yeshelufu." Le nkathi, ngemuva kwalokho izimpahla (umsebenzi) zithathwa njengezingafanele ukusetshenziswa. Eqinisweni, impilo yeshelufu ihlanganiswe futhi nempilo yenkonzo kanye nesikhathi sewaranti. Impilo yeshelufu isethwe ezimpahleni ezisetshenziswe ngokuphelele lapho zisetshenziswa (izibonelo ezilula zokudla), kanye nakwimikhiqizo yayo izimfanelo zabathengi zingawohloka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi (ngokwesibonelo, amakhemikhali asendlini). Kuyadingeka ukwethula usuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi ngokumelene nezimpahla ezikwazi isikhathi esithile ukumela ingozi kumuntu.

Cacisa ukuthi yimiphi imithwalo yemfanelo yemfanelo, kwipasipoti (Imiyalo yokusebenzisa noma eminye imibhalo ehambisana nayo ezimpahleni ezikhishwe ngumenzi noma usonkontileka). Isikhathi se-Ihardian sezimpahla, kanye nempilo yayo yenkonzo kubalwa kusukela ngosuku lokuthengisa izinto kumthengi (ngaphandle kokuthi kuhlinzekelwe ngenye indlela inkontileka). Kweminye imikhiqizo, okuhlukile kwenziwa, ngoba ungathenga i-Lawn Mower ebusika, kulandela isaga esihlakaniphile, kepha kusazoqala ukuyisebenzisa ehlobo kuphela. Ngakho-ke, izinsuku zokugcina zomthwalo wemfanelo wezonyaka okuthiwa zonyaka zibalwa kusukela ekuqaleni kwenkathi ehambisanayo (izinsuku zokuqala nokuphela kwezikhathi zonyaka zihlukile, zincike ezimweni zezulu izinkathi ezivela kumthengisi).

Umkhiqizo ngamunye yimithetho yabo

NgoNovemba 2006 Esigabeni 2 sesihloko 1 soMthetho "Ekuvikelweni Kwabathengi", kwenziwa izinguquko, ngokuya ngokuthi eyabo "imithetho yenhlangano yempahla yokuthengiswa kwezimpahla (umsebenzi, ukuhlinzekwa kwezinsizakalo) kubathengi kungenzeka wethulwa izigaba ezithile zezimpahla.

Okwabafundi bethu, ifaka ikhaya labo, sazisa ukuthi ukunakwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe ncamashi lapho uthenga ifenisha:

Imininingwane ngefenisha kufanele iqukathe imininingwane mayelana nenhloso yayo esebenzayo; mayelana nezinto zokwakha ezisetshenziselwa ukwenziwa kwefenisha kanye nokuphela kwayo; Mayelana nezindlela, isikhathi, izimo zokulethwa nokudluliselwa kwezimpahla kumthengi;
Umthengisi uphoqelekile ukusebenzisa ukulungiswa kwangaphambi kokuthengisa kwefenisha, okubandakanya ukubhekelwa kokuphelele, ukuba khona kwezingxenye ezidingekayo zoMkhandlu, umhlangano womhlangano wefenisha (uma uwela) nazo zonke izinto ezifakiwe kwisethi yefenisha. Kodwa-ke, phawula ukuthi ukuqeqeshwa kwefenisha yangaphambi kokuthengiswa akuhlinzeki ngomhlangano wayo
Lesi sakamuva sikhiqizwa imali (ngaphandle kwalapho, kunjalo, uma kungenjalo akucaciswanga kwinkontileka);

I-PhotoxPress.ruseller kufanele ihlele ifenisha ukuze umthengi akwazi ukuya endabeni ayithandayo, cabanga ngaleyo nto futhi aqiniseke ukuthi ikhwalithi yabathengi yefenisha inelisekile.

Kunezinto ezicashile nezinto ezithengiswayo zokwakha. Okokuqala, ukulungiswa kwangaphambi kokuthengisa (ukuhlolwa, ukuphazamiseka kanye nokuhlunga kwezimpahla, ukubheka ukuphelela, ukutholakala kwemininingwane edingekayo ngomkhiqizo nangomenzi wayo) kumele kudlule zonke izimpahla - amapulangwe kanye nezinto zokhuni (ngokwesibonelo, Iminyango namabhulokhi wewindows), izinto zokwakha (izitini, izinto zophahla), imikhiqizo yensimbi (ama-fasteners noma i-mesh mesh), amathuluzi (kanye nokusebenza, ukucubungula okwenziwa), imikhiqizo yokwakha (Izehlakalo ezivumelekile noma iminyango yokungena).

Izindaba zomthetho

Ngo-Okthoba 2007 Umthetho "ekuvikelweni kwamalungelo wabathengi" wachitshiyelwa. Bahlobana namaphuzu alandelayo:

Umthetho awusewona umqondo wokuthi "izimpahla ezibizayo", ezivumela ukuxazulula impikiswano esiteji sangaphambi kwecala (ngangivame ukulinda isinqumo senkantolo ukuthi ngabe izimpahla zingafakwa nini esigabeni sokubiza);
Ikhwalithi yezimpahla (umsebenzi, izinsizakalo) kumele ihambisane nenkontileka noma izidingo eziphoqelekile ezinikezwe ngumthetho, kodwa futhi "okuvame ukubekelwa izidingo zemibhalo yamanje (ngokwesibonelo, izikhundla noma tu);
Uma izimpahla zivela ukuthi zilungiswe ngesikhathi sewaranti, umthengi unesibopho sokubika ngqo ukuthi yikuphi ukusilela komkhiqizo okukhonjwe nokuthi kuqedwe kanjani, ngenkathi inkonzo yenkonzo kumele inikeze umbiko obhaliwe;
Isikhathi esiphezulu esixazululwe ukulungiswa kwewaranti izinsuku ezingama-45; Uma ukulungiswa kubambezelekile, umthengi unelungelo lokwethula enye imfuneko enikezwe ngumthetho - ngokwesibonelo, esikhundleni sezimpahla zekhwalithi engafanele ngomunye umkhiqizo;
Uma izinto ezahlukene zezimpahla zitholakala ngesikhathi sewaranti nesikhathi esiphelele sokuqedwa kwazo ngonyaka owodwa wewaranti zidlula izinsuku ezingama-30, umthengi kufanelekile ukwethula ezinye izidingo ezinikezwe ngumthetho;
Uma ngesikhathi sokulungiswa kufanele unikeze omunye umkhiqizo ngokusetshenziswa kwesikhashana, kufanele ube nezakhiwo ezifanayo zabathengi ezifanayo njengento oyithengile, ifakwe kakhulu emthethweni;
Manje izinkathi zokuhlolwa zilawulwa kahle ngumthetho, futhi umthengi unelungelo lokuba khona ekusebenziseni komkhiqizo (lokhu kuzogwema amacala lapho umthengisi ongenakuzithoba akhiqiza ukulungiswa okuncane komkhiqizo ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, ngaphandle kokwazisa Umthengi, ngenxa yokuthi isikhathi sewaranti sezimpahla singakhulisi);
Izichibiyelo ezihlukile emthethweni zikhulisa kakhulu umthwalo wemfanelo wabathengisi, ezingeke zidlulisele izimpahla ezikhokhelwa ngaphambili kubathengi. Manje usayizi wenhlawulo ngu-0,5% wezindleko zomkhiqizo (wosuku lokukhokha) ngosuku lokubambezeleka.

Okwesibili, lapho uthengisa imikhiqizo engakhangelwanga (ikakhulukazi, ama-fasteners asetshenziswa yisisindo) kumele asetshenziswe yizinsimbi zokulinganisa isisindo. Ngokuvumelana nalokho, umthengisi kufanele ahlinzeke umthengi ngekhono lokubheka ukunemba kwesisindo, izindlela nezinhlobo zezimpahla ezithengiwe. Isidingo se-APO somthengi onelukuluku futhi othobela umthengisi othobela umthetho unesibopho sokujwayela ngenqubo yokulinganisa izinto zokwakha nemikhiqizo esungulwe ngamazinga.

Njengokuthengwa kwefenisha, kanye nezimpahla, umthengi udlulisa isheke lempahla, elibonisa igama lezimpahla nomthengisi, izinkomba eziphambili ezibonisa lo mkhiqizo nenombolo yomekhiqizi, kanye nemibhalo yomenzi ehlobene nayo ( Iphasiphothi, imiyalo yokusebenzisa, izitifiketi, eminye imibhalo ehambisana nayo). Uma izinto zokwakha zithengiswa ziphelele, umthengisi kufanele ahlole yonke imikhiqizo (kufaka phakathi izinto ezichazayo ezakha le kit).

Sibhala isimangalo

Ngakho-ke, uma uthola ukuthi izimpahla azikufaneli ngombala noma ngosayizi, noma zithole noma yikuphi ukungahambi kahle kwalo mkhiqizo, udinga ukuxhumana nomthengisi obucela ukushintshwa kwezinto, ukulungisa noma ngokubuyisa izindleko. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukwenza idokhumenti lapho kuchazwa khona umongo wakho ngalo mkhiqizo, umsebenzi noma insizakalo. Umthengi ukhetha yena, ozokhononda ngqo ngekhwalithi yezimpahla (umsebenzi, izinsizakalo) - umthengisi (inhlangano noma usomabhizinisi ngamunye ofaka izimpahla), umenzi (inhlangano noma insizakalo yomuntu ngamunye ekhiqiza izimpahla, umsebenzi noma insizakalo) noma Usonkontileka (inhlangano noma usomabhizinisi ngamunye enza umsebenzi noma ukuhlinzeka ngezinsizakalo kubathengi ukuthola isivumelwano esinxephezelwe).

Lapho umthengi ebuyela izimpahla ezisezingeni eliphansi, umthengisi noma umkhiqizi unelungelo lokwenza ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi yezimpahla, ethatha izinsuku eziyi-10 - 20. Izindleko zokusebenzisa ukuhlolwa okunjalo zithwalwa ngumthengisi. Uma umphumela wokuhlolwa, owenziwe ngumthengisi noma umenzi, awuzange uvumelane nawe, ungaphendukela ochwepheshe ozimele, kepha uzokhokhela umsebenzi wabo kulokhu.

Ubunzima bungenzeka uma uthenge izimpahla ezingekho ngaphansi kwenkontileka yokuthengisa (futhi ngokwesibonelo, ngaphansi kwesivumelwano seMena) noma uthenge into engekho enhlanganweni esomabhizinisi ngamunye, kodwa umuntu ngamunye. Umthetho "ekuvikelweni kwamalungelo abathengi" akasebenzi ebudlelwaneni obunjalo, ngakho-ke zonke izimo eziphikisanayo kuzodingeka zixazululwe ngosizo lomthetho wezombumba. Isibonelo, uma uvumile ukulungisa inkampani yokwakha, kodwa nabakhi abajwayelekile futhi ikhwalithi yomsebenzi wabo ayikufanelanga, kuzodingeka uvikele amalungelo akho emithethweni ejwayelekile.

Ayikho indlela eqinile yesicelo, ngakho-ke sikunikeza uhlelo lokubhala oluyisibonelo ngalo mbhalo:

Isengezo, esiqondiswe yisimangalo (ngokwesibonelo, "uMqondisi-Jikelele we-LLC" Light "i.iivanov");
Umuntu onesikhalazo, okungukuthi, wena ("waseV.D. Sergeyev, ohlala ekhelini: U-Ivanovo, ul. Ukuthi Amanzi, D.9, KV.1; Ucingo: 22-3-33-22"); Ucingo: 22-3-33-22 "); Ucingo: 22-3-33-22"); Ucingo: 22-3-33-22 "); Ucingo: 22-3-33-22");
Ukukhonjiswa okugunyaziwe kwegama ledokhumenti: Kulayini ohlukile, "isitatimende" kufanele sibhalwe (uma izimpahla zisebenza kahle, kepha azilungele isizathu esithile) noma "isimangalo" (uma udinga ukubuyiselwa kwemali yenani elithengiwe umkhiqizo ongemuhle);
Ukwethulwa komsuka wecala (okubonisa isikhathi sokuthenga umkhiqizo noma umsebenzi woku-oda), kufaka phakathi izicelo zomkhiqizo, umsebenzi noma insizakalo. Kungcono ukuthi ucacise izindatshana zomthetho, ngesisekelo lapho udinga isinxephezelo (ngokwesibonelo, "25 Yiyuna 2008. Ngaphetha ngeLal LLC kumuntu ongumbhali oyisisekelo Indlu yezwe. 30 Iyuna. Ngemuva kokulinganiswa kokuqala kwaqalwa imisebenzi. 1AVGUST 2008 Works waqedwa, kodwa uma ukwamukela kwavela ukuthi ukubhema isithando somlilo. 20 womthetho "ekuvikelweni kwamalungelo abathengi", nginelungelo lokuqeda isivumelwano sokuhlinzekwa kwezinsizakalo, ngoba ububi obukhulu benkonzo obuvunyelwe ");
Ukwakhiwa kwezidingo zakho ukuthi ngabe ulimaza isinxephezelo, noma uzohlela ukulungiswa kwamaphutha, noma ufuna ukukunikeza umkhiqizo omusha (ngokwesibonelo, "ngicela ukuqeda lezi zinto ezimbi");
Ekupheleni kwesimangalo, kuyadingeka ukwazisa umthengisi (Umkhiqizi, usonkontileka) ngezinhloso zawo uma izimangalo zingagculisekile. Uyacelwa ukuthi ukhumbule ukuthi isimangalo akuyona incwadi enezinsongo, kanye nokuqala kwengxoxo eyakhayo, futhi umphumela wayo kufanele uthole izimpahla obekufuna ukuzithenga. Ngakho-ke, ungabhala: "Ngaphandle kwalokho, ngizophoqeleka ukuthi ngifake isicelo enkantolo ngesimangalo sokuqeda ukushiyeka nokunxephezelwa ngomonakalo wokuziphatha okuhle";
Usuku lokuhlanganisa isimangalo noma isicelo;
Isiginesha yakho;
Uhlu lwamakhophi amadokhumenti owafanisa isimangalo (ngokwesibonelo, amasheke wezimpahla, izinkontileka, izenzo zokwamukelwa nokudluliselwa, izitifiketi zokulungiswa kwewaranti).

Amadokhumenti ahambisana nesikhalazo angahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amathathu:

1) eqinisekisa iqiniso lokuthenga (amasheke, izinkontileka, ama-invoice ezimpahla);

2) Imibhalo yewaranti (amakhuphoni, amaphasiphothi wezimpahla);

3) Imibhalo ehlotshaniswa nezicelo zakho (izenzo zokwamukelwa nokudluliselwa, isiphetho sochwepheshe).

Okwangempela kwemibhalo kufanele bahlale nawe, ikakhulukazi uma sikhuluma nganoma yimuphi umkhiqizo omkhulu obizayo, umsebenzi noma insizakalo. Ukulalela ikhophi kungaqinisekiswa ngaso sonke isikhathi nge-oda le-notarial, kepha uma ulahlekelwe okwangempela, ngeke kwenzeke ukususa ikhophi.

Isimangalo silotshwe ngamakhophi amabili (noma sidubule isithombe esivela entweni eyodwa): Ikhophi elilodwa lidluliselwa ngumenzi, umenzi noma umthengisi, nakwesibili umenzi, umdwebi noma umthengisi enza inothi lokuthi Isimangalo samukelwa sabuyiselwa kuwe. Ukhetha ukuthi ngubani okufanele athumele isimangalo, kepha ukuqala kangcono nomthengisi (noma owenzayo owenza umsebenzi noma ukuhlinzeka ngensizakalo). Uma umthengisi enqaba ukwamukela isimangalo ekuphatheni kwakho komuntu siqu, kungathunyelwa ngeposi ngencwadi ebhalisiwe enesaziso sokulethwa. Unelungelo lokubhekisa kumenzi wezimpahla, kepha kuyadingeka ukuthi ukwenqaba ukufeza izidingo ezibekwe esinguelweni sakho kubhalwe phansi (ngesinqumo sesicelo osifake isicelo).

Abafundi Abathandekayo, Siyethemba ukuthi manje uzokwazi ngokwengeziwe ukuvikelwa kwamalungelo ethu abathengi. Kepha sikukhumbuza ukuthi uma umthengisi (umdlali) awanelise enkantolo futhi usenkantolo, kufanele unganaki usizo lommeli, ngemuva kwakho konke, isimangalo sihlala singcono ngaphansi kokugadwa kochwepheshe.

Umthengi wekona

Okwenzelwe umthetho obhalwe ngaye

Ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi

Umkhiqizo ngamunye yimithetho yabo

Sibhala isimangalo

Funda kabanzi