Sithi ukuthi singakwenza kanjani ukubala kokuklama, khetha okuqukethwe yimpande bese kuyikhulisa ophahleni olubandayo nolwafakiwe.
Idizayini ye-crate ngaphansi kwaphansi kochwepheshe incike endaweni nokutsheka indawo, kanye nesisindo nezinye izici zezinto ezibonakalayo uqobo. I-Professional Flooring ingamashidi akhanyayo ensimbi ye-galvanized nge-polymer noma upende kanye ne-varnish coatish. Amashidi ane-wave-like, trapezoid, isikwele noma impumuzo eyisikwele noma ngaphezulu eyinkimbinkimbi, ukukhulisa ukuqina nokugoba amandla. Ngokungafani nesilayidi kanye namathayili, imikhiqizo yensimbi iyakwazi ukufafaza ngesikhathi sokuzikhandla. Lokhu kwandisa ukumelana kwabo namathonya angaphandle. Njengesisekelo, ifreyimu efuywayo yokhuni yamabhodi aguqukayo nemigoqo noma ukuhlanganiswa kwensimbi kuyasetshenziswa. Ungayiqoqa ngezandla zakho, kepha umuntu munye kuzoba nzima ukukwenza. Umsebenzi ungcono ndawonye noma ama-threenes.
Ungayenza kanjani ikhreyithi ngaphansi kotshani ophahleni
Ukusongoza icebo- Ukubalwa kwezinto zemvelo
- Izinyathelo zezinyathelo
Ukukhetha izinto
Imiyalo yokufaka yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo
- Nge-attic ebandayo
- Nge-attic efakiwe
Ukubalwa Kwemiklamo
Idizayini iyisistimu yezinto eziqonde mpo nasezivundlile ezihlanganisiwe phakathi kwazo futhi zibekwe kuma-rafters. Kumele ibekezelele ubuningi bayo, kanye nomthelela womoya, isisindo sokuhlamba kanye nesembozo seqhwa. Uma indlu imi eduze kwezihlahla eziphakeme, kuyadingeka ukuhlinzeka ngomumo wokuphepha - igatsha elisindayo lingawela ngaphezulu. Ukwethenjwa kohlaka kuncike kokuqukethwe okwenziwe ngalo, kanye nokuthi izisekelweni ziseduze kangakanani.
Cabanga ngengcindezi yesembozo seqhwa namandla omoya
Lapho kuklanywa, izici zezulu kufanele zibhekwe. Ubukhulu besembozo seqhwa bunesisindo esikhulu futhi bunengcindezi enkulu ophahleni nasezindongeni. Ukubala kahle lo mthwalo, ungasebenzisa amatafula akhethekile lapho ubukhulu besembozo seqhwa lubonisa khona isifunda esithile.
Lapho likhulu i-angle yesiketi, imvula encane iyabambezeleka kukho, futhi ikhuphuka ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zokwakha.
Kubalulekile ukubheka amandla omoya. Umthwalo okhiqizwe ukuhamba komoya ungafinyelela ama-400 kg / m2. Ezifundeni ezinomoya, akunconywa ukwenza ithambeke yophahla nethambeka elingaphezu kwama-30 degrees.
Idatha edingekayo ingatholakala kumamephu wezulu namatafula noma kumaphrojekthi aqediwe. Uma isakhiwo siyinto yokwakhiwa kwezindlu ngazinye, lapho ukuklama kuzofanela kubhekwe izidingo zezivakashi kanye nezihlangelo. Babheka izici zesifunda.
Bala igxathu lekhreyithi ngaphansi kochwepheshe
Kukhethwa kuye ngokuthi kuzosetshenziswa kanjani ukuhlanganiswa okuzosetshenziswa.
- Uhlaka lokuqhekeka - lusetshenziselwa amashidi akhanyayo akhanyayo. Ilungele izinduku ezipholile. Ibanga phakathi kwalezi zinto ngu-50-75 cm. Ukwengeza amandla alo, ezansi kojantshi we-diagonal phansi.
- Ngesinyathelo esijwayelekile - 20-40 cm.
- Ngomkhawulo oqinile - kuqukethe imigoqo yokuthwala, enamathiselwe kuma-rafters, namabhodi okuhlanza ama-perpendicular abekwe ngezikhala ezincane. Ophahla olufulethi nolumnene olubhekene nengcindezi enkulu yesisindo sabo kanye nesembozo seqhwa, sebenzisa amapuleti amelana nomswakama noma ama-OSB. Banamandla kunezinkuni zemvelo futhi abanakho ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa ezinomswakama wokushisa. Lezi zinto zokwakha zizodingeka ezingxenyeni ezizungeze ama-chimneys nama-engeli angaphakathi.
Ibanga phakathi kwezinto ezenzelwe ukuncika kuncike emandleni okuvuselela wensimbi. Kukhonjiswe emiyalweni noma kwiphakheji. Uma iphrofayili ikwazi ukubekezelela isisindo esibalulekile, imvamisa yokusekelwa ayincane. Uma ihlala kalula, ukuqina okuqinile kubekwa ngaphansi kwawo. Lapho kubalwa, kubalulekile ukuvikela amaphutha, kusukela uma kwenzeka kulimala, ngeke kwenzeke ukuqondisa imikhiqizo ngokuphelele - ama-dents azohlala ebusweni. Amashidi anjalo angathathelwa indawo.
I-crate yophahla ngaphansi komkhiqizo we-C-8 Brand kanye ne-skate, etholakala e-angle yama-10- 20 degrees, izolingana nohlaka olunomugqa weplywood oqinile. Uma ubukhulu bensimbi bungaphansi kuka-0.55 mm, ungenza phansi ebhodini.
Ukuze izibalo, ungasebenzisa umshini wokubala online kanye namatafula kuwebhusayithi yomenzi.
Izinto zokwakha zekhreyithi
Ihlashana
Ekwakhiweni okuphansi, izinto zokhuni zisetshenziswa kaningi. Ngemuva kokucubungula nge-antipirens, bayakwazi ukubekezelela ilangabi elivulekile. Bazokhonza iminyaka eminingi, uma beboshwe ngama-antiseptics avimbela ukubukeka kwesikhunta nejazi nge-varnish evikela umswakama. I-Beech, i-Alder, i-Coniferous zisetshenziswa. Umthwalo omkhulu uthathwa ngebhokisi lamagiya ngengxenye yesiphambano se-5x5 noma i-2.3x5 cm. Zisikwa ngamapulangwe 10 cm ububanzi nobukhulu kusuka ku-2.2 kuye ku-5 cm.
Usayizi wezingxenye ukhethiwe ubheka imithwalo yangaphandle kanye nezici zophahla. Isibonelo, ngesinyathelo se-rafted 0.9 m ngamashidi asindayo, izingodo 50x50 kanye namabhodi we-3.2x10 cm asetshenziswa.
Insimbi yanama ini
I-Metal ilula futhi ithembeke kakhudlwana. Abashisi futhi bathathe isikhala esincane. Ububi bensimbi bungabikwa ukuthi lokho okuphikisayo ngokudlula amaza azwakalayo ezakhiweni. Kunzima kakhulu ukusebenza nakho - kuzodinga ukuxhumana kwe-welding noma isikulufa esiqinile. Icala lensimbi elingaphansi kophahla lihlangene ophahleni kusuka kuphrofayili yensimbi egayiselelwe noma ye-gallvanized. Ihlelwe zombili esisekelweni sokhuni neyensimbi. Ukunquma amapharamitha wephrofayili, ukubalwa kwezobuchwepheshe kuzodingeka.
Ukuvuna uhlaka lwamapulangwe ngezandla zalo
Izinto zokuthenga zilandela ukubhujiswa kwe-10% uma kwenzeka umshado noma umonakalo ngesikhathi sokugcina nokuhamba. Ukubala ngokunembile inombolo yayo, udinga ukwazi usayizi wophahla nokugeleza nge-M2.
Ama-rafter kumele afakwe ngokuphelele futhi ahlelwe ezindongeni. Ziboshwe nge-antipirens kanye nezingoma ze-antibacterial. Ukuvimbela umswakama ekungeneni ngaphakathi, ingaphezulu limbozwe ngesendlalelo se-varnish.
I-attic ebandayo
Uma igumbi eliphezulu alihlelwanga ukuthi liphuthelwe, isendlalelo sokufakelwa esishisayo sibekwe ophahleni, futhi ingxenye engenhla yenze kubanda.
Into engangeni manzi ilungisiwe kuma-rafters. Njengomthetho, ifilimu elincanyana elisuselwa ku-polyethylene noma i-rubberoid.
Ukuze i-coating idonswe, kungcono ukusungula ulwelwesi olungafani ngokulwa okuphezulu kwe-vapor. Ikuvumela ukuthi ususe umswakama owengeziwe kusuka ngaphakathi, okuqukethwe emoyeni, ngenkathi ungavumeli amanzi. I-coating yenziwa kuma-rolls. Amapulangwe amabili awondla ama-eaves, anawo omunye komunye, futhi ulwelwesi lubekwe ngaphezulu. Qala nge-gutter ye-drainage, yenza ingqikithi ye-10 cm
Ngaphambi kokwenza i-crate to the ophahleni ngaphansi kokulungiswa, umaki ubeka phansi.
Imiqulu yezondla imigoqo ngesinyathelo esisethiwe. Ukuphakama kwabo kuvumela umoya ukuba azungeze phakathi kokuhlanganiswa kanye nongqimba olungangeni ngamanzi. Ngakho-ke, umswakama owengeziwe ususiwe ngaphakathi. Ukuze uthole ulwelwesi lwe-diffese, imvume enjalo ayidingeki. Imigoqo ibekelwe ngaphansi kwesigaxa, khona-ke ivaliwe yi-runway strip, kanye nezingxenye zezimali zempahla yokudonsa amanzi zilungisiwe.
Amabhodi anamathele emigoqweni emaka. Ukuhambisa udinga kusuka phansi kuya phezulu. Ukuze ugcine isikhathi futhi ungayenzi wonke umhlaba, babeka amamaki eceleni kwemiphetho bese belula amawele phezu kwabo. Ubude bezipikili noma izikulufo zokuzishaya kufanele zedlule ubukhulu bawo amahlandla amathathu. Ngaphandle kwalokho, phansi kungaphazamisa umoya ngesimo sezulu esibi. Imigqa yokwehla ixhunyiwe kubha. Amashejuli emiphetho awavunyelwe. Ngakolunye uhlangothi lweBhodi udinga ukushayela ubuncane bezinzipho ezimbili ukuze ukuhlanganiswa kungaphenduki.
Phezu kwehhashi elibethelwe umugqa owodwa, noma eziningana ngokuya ngomklamo wazo. Imikhawulo yesembozo se-skate enamabhodi omoya, uyifaka odongeni lodonga kanye nama-rafter. Lezi zinto zivikela i-attic emfuleni.
Lapho yonke imininingwane ifakiwe, ungaqala ukugcwala kwezinsini zochwepheshe kuya ekhreyithi yokhuni.
Isonto elifakiwe
Ukuze uthole ukwahlukaniswa okusebenzayo, kuyadingeka ukuvikela uhlangothi lwangaphandle lophahla. Izinto zokwakha kumele zingavutha futhi zingezinobuthi. Okuhle kunawo wonke umsebenzi ukubhekana noboya bezimbiwa kanye ne-polyurethane Foam. Uboya obunamaminerali buyatholakala ngamapuleti. Zibekwe kumaseli wamathambo. Uma amapuleti engafanele ngefomethi, ayasikwa. Eminye imikhiqizo inegobolondo, futhi lisike lingathandeki. Kuyinto elula kakhulu ukusebenzisa impahla engafundile, ukugcwalisa amaseli ngokufanayo. I-Fibeerty Cover kumele ivikelwe kumswakama hhayi kuphela ngaphakathi, kepha nangaphandle. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa ifilimu le-polyethylene noma ulwelwesi oluphefumulayo oludlulisela ngababili kusuka ngaphakathi. Bathungelwe endaweni eyenziwe ngokhuni ene-stapler yokwakha. Amashidi wensimbi ahlanganisiwe afakwa engqikelweni elincanyana elivikelayo.
Ukufakwa kwe-thermal kusebenza kahle ngaphandle, ngoba iphuzu lamazolo kulokhu lisuka ku-lifled in ukushuka kwalo. Ukwenza ungqimba lwangaphakathi, kuyadingeka ukwenza ukubalwa ukuthola ukuthi iphuzu elingaphakathi kokufakelwa ngeke lisuke. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, isikhunta singavela ezindongeni nophahla, futhi iphunga le-damp lizovela emoyeni.
Khweza i-crate yokufakwa okushisayo kusuka ngaphakathi kuyakhethwa. Amapuleti anegobolondo angafakwa kwi-glue - izakhi zohlaka kanye ne-fasteners yazo zichitha kubanda. I-Doom isadinga uma kuhlelwa ukuqeda ngodaka. Isinyathelo sakhe kuleli cala sibalwa ngosayizi wephaneli yokwakha amaminerali - kufanele ifakwe esitokisini, ingashiyi iziphetho emaphethelweni, zigcwalise ngokuphelele isikhala. Njengama-Prepabical Accement, imigoqo eminingi enokuphakama okulingana nokuphakama kwephaneli asetshenzisiwe.