Ukushisa nokushisa kwamanzi usebenzisa amandla elanga kungenzeka ngezwe lethu eliphansi lasentwasahlobo. Sitshela ukuthi iziphi izinhlungu ze-heliosystems nokuthi ungazikhetha kanjani i-cottage.
Umqondo we-solar Collector ulula kakhulu - imisebe yelanga eshisa uketshezi olugeleza ngokusebenzisa amashubhu enziwe ngokushisa kahle. Ngale ndlela, kungenzeka ukuthi uthole ngempumelelo amanzi ashisayo okudinga usizo lwasekhaya. I-heliosystems ephumelelayo ikakhulukazi isebenza ehlobo. Ngalesi sikhathi, ithangi elijwayelekile lepulasitiki elinemibala emnyama likwazi ukubhekana nendima yamanzi ashisayo kunamakhanda amaningi futhi ujabulele ukwakha, ngokwesibonelo, emathangini ashubile eshawa. Kepha amandla elanga angasetshenziswa futhi ngempumelelo.
Ngabe ihlelwe kanjani i-heliosystem?
IHeliosystem yanamuhla Heliosystem yahlelwa kanjena. Imisebe yelanga ifudunyezwa kumqoqi owuketshezi opholile. Lolu ketshezi lujikeleza kusuka kumqoqi ku-Exchanger yokushisa kudivayisi yokushisa - i-boiler enamanzi. Ukujikeleza kwenziwa kukhiqizwa kusetshenziswa iphampu. Futhi, uhlelo lwe-helose lubandakanya iyunithi lokulawula (isilawuli), okulawula ukusebenza kwephampu, okubandakanya ukuvikelwa ngokweqile nokusebenzisa eminye imisebenzi.
Abaqoqi be-solar basetshenziswa ngempumelelo emazweni anezimo zezulu ezishisayo.
Izinhlobo zabaqoqi beHeliopanel
I-node ebaluleke kakhulu ingumqoqi-heliopanels. Baphendula iningi lezindleko zohlelo. Kunezindlela eziningi zokukhethwa kwe-heliopanels ezingancishiswa zibe izinhlobo ezimbili. Ngayinye yalezi zinhlobo inezinzuzo zayo kanye nobunzima obunquma ubukhulu bawo.Caba
Kubo, amashubhu anoketshezi lwenkampani yokushisa afakwa ngaphansi kwepuleti le-absorber futhi aqedwa ecaleni elijwayelekile. Ukusuka phezulu, ipuleti le-absorber livaliwe ngengilazi evikelayo, ungqimba lokufakelwa okushisayo lutholakala ngaphansi kwamashubhu.
Abaqoqi abaphansi bangama-20-30% ashibhile futhi basebenza kahle, ngoba amapayipi anomthwali wokushisa ababi kakhulu kunokufakwa okushisayo (ingxenye yokushisa ingena emkhathini). Ngokumangazayo, lobu bunzima baphenduka isithunzi, ngokwesibonelo, eqhweni leqhwa.
Abaqoqi be-Flat Solar abane-vitosol esebenza kahle kakhulu ye-titanium eyi-100-F.
Ukuhlanganisa ophahleni ochungechungeni lweVitosol 200-F Abaqoqi, kusungulwe imodeli ekhethekile (i-SV2E / SH2E), enikeza uguquko olubushelelezi phakathi kwalezi zindawo ezimbili.
-Tubur
Kubo, ishubhu ngalinye elinama-coolant lifakwe ecaleni elihlukile le-cylindrical glass ngenhlanganisela ebonakalayo. Umoya ovela ezindlini ugcwele, yingakho igama - "abaqoqi be-vacuum".
Abaqoqi be-tubular ngezindleko ze-vacuum abashintshiwe, futhi iqhwa alincibiliki. Kubi kakhulu ishubhu elidluliselwe edumo, bantekenteke kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, abaqoqi be-tubular balungile ezimeni zesimo sezulu esiphelele, lapho kuvame ukuba khona isichotho kanye namaqhwa eqhwa akwenzekani. Abaqoqi be-tubular bahlinzeka ngokugeleza okuphelele kokushisa phakathi nosuku, lokhu kungenxa yokuthi imisebe yelanga ikhanyisela ngokulinganayo ingaphezulu kwesilinda sengilazi, kungakhathalekile indawo yelanga esibhakabhakeni.
I-Heliosystem Pippelines ivezwe ngendlela ephelele yokususwa komoya inikezwa.
Ukuqhathaniswa kwezindawo zabaqoqi abasefulethini nabayi-tubular
| Impahla | Caba | -Tubur |
|---|---|---|
| Sebenza phakathi nosuku | Ukusebenza kahle kuguquka ngamandla phakathi nosuku kuya nge-angle yokukhanya kwelanga | Ukusebenza kahle cishe unomphela phakathi nosuku |
| Umthelela wokuwa kweqhwa | Iqhwa epaneli liyancibilika ngokwakhe ngenxa yokuvuza ukushisa okuyingxenye | Iqhwa alincibiliki, lidinga ukuhlanzwa |
| Ukumelana Nesisekelo | -Phezulu | -Vamile |
| Ukuhambahamba ngomkhumbi | Phezulu (okudingayo isisekelo esihlala isikhathi eside) | -Vamile |
Indlela yokukhetha umqoqi
Lapho ukhetha umqoqi, naka ikhwalithi ye-heliopanels, amasistimu engxenye kanye nempilo ye-absorber (ingaphezulu ngaphansi kwethonya lemisebe yelanga).
Izindleko zeHeliosystem zincike ekusebenzeni kwazo, ezinqunywe yindawo yomqokeleli, indawo yaphezulu, unyaka wonyaka kanye nezinye izici. Okubi kakhulu - amaShayina, amaphaneli amaJalimane abiza kakhulu, kepha futhi nempilo yenkonzo yawo imvamisa ephakeme, futhi anganconywa ngemisebenzi efanelekile, njengokuhlinzekwa kwamanzi okushisayo unyaka wonke.
Ukubalwa okunembile kohlelo kufanele kwenze uchwepheshe onolwazi. Kungacatshangelwa kalula, ngokwesibonelo, ukuthi uhlelo olunomqokeleli olunendawo ewusizo ye-3 m² ezimweni eziphakathi strip kanti emahoreni ama-2-3 asebusika anganikeza amalitha angaba ngu-150 wamanzi ashisayo (anokushisa cishe ngo-50 ° C). Prakthiza umndeni omncane (abantu ababili noma abathathu) kukhona ama-heliosystem anele anomqokeleli anendawo engu-2-4 m² kanye ne-boiler enomthamo wamalitha angama-200- 300. Uhlelo olunjalo luzobiza cishe ama-ruble ayizinkulungwane eziyi-100. Izindleko zemodyuli eyodwa (cishe i-2 M²) yomqoqi zisuka kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-20-25. (Abakhiqizi baseChina) bafinyelela kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-50-60. (Ariston, Budrus, iViessmann nabanye abakhiqizi baseYurophu); Elinye ama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-40-60. Kuzofanele sinikeze ama-boiler kanye nama-ruble ayizinkulungwane eziyishumi nanye. Ngemuva kwesilawuli, iphampu nezinto zokwakha ezidingekayo ukufakwa.
Endlini encane, amandla elanga kwenza ukuthi kube nokwazi ukuhlinzeka ngamaphesenti angama-60 wamandla adingekayo ukuthola amanzi ashisayo.
I-Thermosi-and-applehition HelIOSystem Vitosol 111-F (Vitoessmann) Ukuqinisekisa amanzi ashisayo ehlobo. Umgomo we-thermosymphon unikeza amandla okudlulisa ukushisa usebenzisa i-coolant yemvelo. Uhlelo olunjalo aludingi ukusetshenziswa kwephampu kanye noma yiluphi uhlelo lokuphatha oluyinkimbinkimbi.
Ungayifaka kanjani umqoqi
I-Heliopole kufanele itholakale ohlangothini oluvelele: ukuphuma eningizimu noma ngendawo ye-West East. Esimweni lapho le ndawo ingenzeki, ukulungiswa kwe-coeffection kwenziwa ukubala. Kufiseleka futhi ukuthi azikho izihlahla eziphakeme eziseduze kwakhe. I-angle yokuthambekela kwabaqoqi okuhlobene nendawo evundlile kukhethwe ngokuya nge-latitude yendawo kanye nezimo zezulu, kuya ngesizini ephezulu. Uma, ngokwesibonelo, qamba i-helium yokulungiswa kwamanzi ashisayo endlini esogwini oLwandle Olumnyama noSepthemba ngo-Septhemba, le engela izoba ngu-20-25 °. Kepha uma kunesidingo sokusekela ukufudumala ngaleli heliosystem, i-angle kufanele ibe ngu-40-45 °.
IHelioSystems ibekwa ophahleni ngendlela yokuthi kwandise amandla elanga ngokushisa umthwali wenethiwekhi owuketshezi. Nge-hemisphere esenyakatho, kuzoba uhlangothi oluseningizimu wethambeka lophahla.
Iphaneli yabaqoqi beSolar ibekwa endizeni ethambekele ukuze phakathi nosuku bahlinzeka nge-angle yokuwa imisebe yelanga, eduze ngangokunokwenzeka. Ukuthambekela okuphezulu kwendiza ye-reservoir kufana ne-latitude yendawo futhi, ngokwesibonelo, eMoscow 57 °. Ukuqondisa lapho iphaneli libukele, enyakatho ye-hemisphere kufanele ibe neningizimu. Futhi-ke, umqoqi welanga akufanele abe yilanga elangeni ngezinye izinto. Akukona njalo ukwazi ukubekezelela yonke imibandela, lapho kuhlolisisa abaqoqi, izinhlaka zensimbi ezenziwe ngezandla noma ze-weldered zisetshenziswa kabanzi, ezingafakwa ophahleni nasezimisweni ezihlukile.
Izingwegwe ze-stropile zingaba ukuthembela kuphela kuma-rafters kungaba kumbuso ophakathi nendawo futhi akufanele asuselwe ophahleni.
Ukuxhumeka kwamapayipi kwenziwa kusetshenziswa ukufakwa kwezindaba noma ukuthengisa okuqinile okuqinile.
Ukukhetha kwe-boiler ye-helium
Ku-Heliosystems, ama-boilers akhethekile asetshenziswa kakhulu ekushiseni kokushisa, awabadidani nabashisi bamanzi obujwayelekile. Njengoba ukukhiqizwa kwamanzi ashisayo ohlelo lwe-helium akwenzile ngokuya ngesikhathi sosuku, la mabhulukwe akhethwe nge-reservance ukuze aqongelele ukushisa nabo. Ngakho-ke, kuvame ukusetshenziswa ngamandla ka-300 amalitha nokuningi. Amathangi afanayo we-bivalent-amanzi ama-heater ase-aristonment, uBuderus, iViessmann nabanye abakhiqizi. Ngaphezu kokulungiswa kwe-heliethermic kwamanzi ashisayo, la ma-boilers ajwayele ukuhlinzeka ngokushisa okwengeziwe kusuka ku-boiler efudumele.
Ungakhohlwa ukuthi uma ukushisa kungabiwa ukushisa amanzi ku-boiler, khona-ke kuyadingeka ukunikeza indlela yokusetha kabusha ukushisa ngokweqile.
I-Bivalent Buck Water heater logalux sm200 (Buderus), 200 l
I-Bivalent Water Amanzi heater vitocell 100-b / -w (viesmann), 250 l
I-Flat Collector Logasol CKN 2.0 (Buderus) ngohlaka lwe-aluminium kanye ne-coating eqinile
Umqoqi we-tuetrir
Ungakugwema Kanjani Ukweqisa
Ukushisa ngokweqile kwe-Collector kuba yinkinga enkulu ngokusetshenziswa okungajwayelekile kweHeliosystems. Ungalwa ngokweqile ngezindlela eziningi. Inketho elula ukusebenzisa amanzi njenge-coolant. Lapho uSteam wamanzi abilayo usethwe kabusha nge-valve ekhethekile, bese ukuntuleka kwamanzi kutholakala ohlelweni lokuhlinzekwa kwamanzi. Le ndlela imbi ngoba amanzi ayabanda, ngakho-ke kungasetshenziswa kuphela lapho amaqhwa akuvamile (lolu hlelo kuleli cala luhambisana nokuvikelwa kwamahhala ngokushisa okuphoqelekile kwe-coolant).
Enye inketho ukudonsa okupholile futhi ugcwalise i-reservoir ngendiza lapho iphampu inqanyulwa (uhlelo lwasemuva olunqanyuliwe) - Idinga ukubalwa okuhle kohlelo, ukufakwa kwamapayipi. Kukhona nekhono lokuguqula izinga lokushisa le-coolant ngokushintsha isilawuli sezindlela zohlelo lokusebenza. Isibonelo, isilawuli siqala iphampu ebusuku, epompa okupholile okufudumele ngokusebenzisa umqoqi wefulethi; Uhlelo lusebenza njengoba lwalu-oda lwe-reverse. Le ndlela ilungile phambi komqokeleli wasefulethini (tubular ayifanelekile) kanye no-boiler omnandi. Enye intuthuko ethokozisayo yanikezwa iViessmann. Abaqoqi bawo basebenzisa impahla enekhono elibonakalayo elihlukile. Ngokwenyuka kwamazinga okushisa (ake sithi, ngenhla kwama-90 ° C), ukungezwani kwezinto kuncipha kaningana, futhi okupholile kuyayeka ukufudumala.
Mayelana nokungasebenzi kahle kwe-heliosystems kwezinye izimo kungaqagela ngokubonakala komqoqi. Ngakho-ke, ukubukeka kwe-INaya ku-Tubular Collectror kukhombisa ukwephulwa kokuqina kwesilinda sengilazi. Akunawo ukufakwa okushisayo, futhi lo mkhakha wabaqoqi ukhiqiza ukushisa okuncane kakhulu.
Ukwakheka komhlaba kanye ne-Inia kungakhombisa ukungasebenzi kahle kweHeliosystem.
Ngokunqwabelana okukhulu kwezinyoni, kungadingeka ukuthi uvikele uhlelo lwe-helium ekuhambeleni kwawo kaningi; Kulokhu, kufanelekile, ngokwesibonelo, izikhala ezilwa nokudlalwa zibekwe emaphethelweni aphezulu.
U-Alexander shkurkin, onjiniyela wenkampani yokuthengisa yokusekelwa kwensiza "Boschin"
Ngokusho kwedatha enesizotha kunazo zonke, isilinganiso sonyaka esisezingeni eliphansi eRussia singama-6-3 kw g ngabusuku ngaku-1 m², futhi lokhu kungu-120-60 amalitha amanzi anokushisa kwe-55-60 ° C! Isizathu esiyinhloko sokuthi sinqande indawo enkulu ye-Helixing inani elithile eliphakeme, ngenxa yokuthi isikhathi sabo sokukhokha sifinyelela eminyakeni eyi-15. Lapho ukhetha umqoqi, kufanelekile ukunaka ikhwalithi ye-heliopanels, amasistimu engxenye kanye nempilo ye-absorber. Ungakhohlwa ngokukhetha okulungile kwenhlangano yomhlangano. Akubona bonke abafaki abaziyo ukufakwa kokufakwa nokuthunyelwa kweHeliosystems.