When the owner of the country area is a question about individual water supply, the choice is made in favor of a well made of concrete rings. Let's talk about how to equip a dug well, how to serve it, because of which it fails and can it be repaired.
Photo: shutterstock / fotodom.ru
The well of the well, as a rule, is collected from concrete rings with a diameter and a height of about 1 m. When mounting, the seams between the rings are filled with a hydrophobized solution. In addition, to reduce the likelihood of penetration into the well of surface wastewater, the hydraulicum from the rammed clay is built around the mouth of the mine with a width of at least 0.7 m and a depth (thickness) - 0.5 m.
A sand-gravel pillow pillows with a thickness of about 15 cm with top of the hydraulic cruise, and then satisfied with the sideways from the monolithic concrete or paving slabs. To eliminate the possibility of simultaneous lifting of the breakfast and the upper ring with frosty powder forces, there is a deformation seam with a width of at least 20 mm, which is filled with sand. But on this, the arrangement of the well does not end - there are several more works.
Photo: shutterstock / fotodom.ru
Donate filter device
The pebble bottom filter interferes with small particles to rise from the bottom with an intense water fence. In addition, it slows down a bit slows down the process of blurring the bottom, which can lead to the separation of one or more rings. On the other hand, the pebbles falling into the bottom makes it difficult to clean the well and can block the spring jets, reducing the debit of the water source. In practice, the filter is acute only if the aquifer consists of sand and small pebbles with a small admixture of clay and yals. When filing the filtering layer, as a rule, first lowered a large river pebby (layer thickness - about 15 cm), and then smaller (10-15 cm) or shungite crushed stone, which has the ability to absorb finely dispersed contaminants.
Registration of the aboveground
The upper ring is required to close with a decorative box (cutter) with a roof and hatch. This design performs aesthetic function and at the same time it is absolutely necessary from a practical point of view: it prevents the well contamination with fallen leaves and other garbage, tolerable wind; protects against rodents that may fall into the well if the ring is slightly towers over the earth (less than 0.5 m); Helps insulate a well for the winter.
Photo: shutterstock / fotodom.ru
Insulation
In the middle strip of Russia, the well, especially with a closely located mirror of water, is extremely desirable to insist, otherwise it will be difficult for them in winter. To do this, it is enough to close the mine with a lid of polystyrene foam 50 mm thick. If the above-ground protective-decorative part is made of plywood or other thin material, the mouth of the mines are required to bite the polyethylene foam layer with a thickness of 10 mm. Another option is to insulate the soil around the well sheets of extruded expanded polystyrene foam before the facilities of the scene.
For sealing of the mine, prefabricated and solid casing pipes from low pressure polyethylene (PND) and non-controlled polyvinyl chloride (NFCH) are used. These products weigh little, possess sufficient strength and are suitable for economic and drinking water supply. Photo: "Aqua Optim"
Cleaning
Once every 2-3 years, the well needs to be cleaned. If the bottom ring was filled with zl, the drainage pump is lowered to the bottom and pumped up the precipitate, shaking it with the sixth. Then the filtering pebble is removed and the water pressure is washed (with severe stones of iron oxide or lime, it is best to completely replace the bottom filter. In conclusion, it is desirable to process the mine with a chlorine or oxygen disinfector.
If the debit of the well decreased and according to the results of the tests, the number of chemical and biological pollution is much higher than the norm, it means that the water source requires cleaning. This operation is more convenient to carry out dry summer when the water side is weakening. PHOTO: "Top Service Center"
Repair when cutting / shift rings
With intense water intake, the bottom of the well is gradually blurred, and the column from concrete rings is placed in the ground. Meanwhile, the upper rings, clamped with dense layers of the soil, often "hang", as a result of which the gaps of a magnitude of several centimeters are formed between the elements. The separation and shift of the rings may also be a consequence of frosty powder of the soil or exposure to floating.In disruption of the integrity of the shaft trunk in the well, surface estones containing organic impurities containing health, and well water becomes unsuitable for drinking and even when used for household needs requires chlorination. Repair in the traditional way in the shift of the rings of labor times and roads (even if the depth of the well does not exceed 5 m, the cost of work will be at least 20 thousand rubles). The well is swollen in a circle until the rings will fall into place, then they are tightened with steel brackets and fill the residual gaps with a filling solution ("hydroplomb", "hydroplast", etc.).
An alternative option is to install a smaller diameter corrugated plastic tube in the mine and fill the space between the concrete and plastic walls with sand or solution. When dried down, the sand is required to eliminate the likelihood of the tube, covering it above the water mirror with anchors with a concrete mine. The debit of the well as a result of this repair will slightly decrease, and cleaning will become more complicated, but the cost of the rehabilitation will be 4-8 thousand rubles.
Device of the well to the first aquifer
1 - a waterproof layer (dense clay); 2 - Plumby clay and loam; 3 - hydraulication from the ramble clay; 4 - aquifer; 5 - pebble filter; 6 - Mine Well; 7 - scene; 8 - Pescograbvy; 9 - humus layer
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