Studies have shown that urban noises cause stress in humans and are even able to reduce life for 8-12 years. Do not try to get used to annoying sounds - get rid of their home from them.
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We will tell you how to do it right and pass the apartment of heat.
Noises and sounds
Determine the terms that apply in this article.In physics, the sound is understood as the spread of elastic mechanical oscillations in a solid, liquid or gaseous medium.
Sound height is determined by the frequency of oscillations. Human ear perceives sounds with a frequency of 16 Hz (low) to 20 kHz (high). Sounds with a frequency below 16 Hz are called an infrasound, with a frequency above 20 kHz - ultrasound. Our ear does not hear them.
The volume of the sound depends on the amplitude of the oscillations and the magnitude of the sound pressure.
Distinguish sounds and noises. In noise, unlike sound, there are several oscillations with different frequencies that apply simultaneously.
The level (volume) of noise is measured in decibels (dB). The allowable limit for residential premises is 55 dB during the day and 45 dB at night.
For comparison: while on a lively highway, a person is experiencing a load of 70-80 dB, a jet plane on the takeoff makes noise in 120 dB. The noise volume in 190 dB leads to a fatal outcome.
In this article, we are not talking about musical works, so all annoying oscillations call noise. But all that puts the barrier on the way of their distribution - noise protection.
How noises affect human health
Noise affects man at mental and physical levels. Impact on the psyche, they lead to nervous disorders, insomnia and stress. Permanent stress destroy health and reduce life. According to doctors, they are able to take 8-12 years old in this world.
Noises, not even very loud, but long-term, change the frequency of abbreviations of the heart muscle, decrease and increase blood pressure, reduce blood flow to the brain.
Scientists found out that after 10 years of living in a noisy city, people become more susceptible to various diseases. They have an increase in diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (gastritis and ulcers), hypertension, ischemic heart disease.
Types of noise
In the premises "walk" three types of noise:- air;
- shock;
- structural.
Air noise
It occurs when the oscillations are radiation into space. Sources are moving cars, working loud TV or radio, sound musical instruments, loud conversation.
Shock noise
This is the result of the oscillations of overlaps arising from falling on the floor of various items, bogor of children, moving furniture, blows on pipes and walls during repair.Structural noise
It is published pumping pumps, elevators, exhaust fans installed without noise protection. The vibrations of the mechanisms applies through the construction of the building, interconnected, therefore, they are felt even in apartments located far from the sources of these noise.
Some objects make noises of different types at the same time. For example, roasting cement trucks, falling alternately by all the left wheels in a throwing on the road, will become a source and air, and shock noise.
How to eliminate noise
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Get shock
Air noise mostly penetrates the room through the gaps. He, of course, gets there and through the walls, passing them part of the energy and forcing them to vibrate, which then hears our ear. But to force the carrier wall to vibrate to irritation in the ears, it is necessary to make noise behind it like a reactive aircraft during takeoff.Therefore, the fight against air noise, first of all, is to eliminate the cracks.
Get looseness in window bindings or install sealed plastic windows.
From the noisy neighbors from the side will protect dense doors, sealing the slots between the walls and the floor under the plinths, eliminate the voids in the niches for sockets and switches.
If these measures are not enough, use noise protection materials by covering walls, ceiling and floor.
However, it is possible that after sealing the slots protective coatings and will not need, since the noise will decrease to a completely acceptable level. Usually it happens.
Soundproofing is relevant for almost every resident of a multi-storey building - noise from the street and sounds from neighboring apartments interfere with rest. And if the car will protect the glass with two or three cameras, then extinguish from the neighbors with the piano and the dog's call much more difficult. If you plan to overhaul in the apartment, we advise you not to save space and isolate at least a bedroom - you will see the sleep quality improves. An additional bonus - soundproofing material will warm the apartment, and the heating bills will become more modest. The heat insulation more often ordered apartment owners with a loggia or balcony. 80-85% of our customers plan to use a balcony as an office or a place to relax or combine it with a room. We warm the polystyrene walls, the floor and the ceiling - create a "greenhouse effect". Mineral wool and polyurethane are also popular. But remember that one insulation is not enough - in winter it will be needed an additional source of heat. Infrared heater or electric warm floor.
Alexander Ambartsumian
The lead chief of the section "Repair Express"
Protect the ceiling
Regular shock noise comes from the ceiling, because there is half a neighboring apartment above it. And on him every day go, and even on heels, something dropped on it, they move something on it.
The level of shock noise reduces noise absorbing coatings. The simplest example is a long-pile carpet. Rock on him the second volume of "Furious Sagie" John Golsuorsi and repeat the experiment on the naked parquet. If at this time in the chair peacefully sleeping mother-in-law, she, no doubt, will agree that the difference in noise absorption is essential.
The methods of solving the problem of ceiling noise are two: or isolate your ceiling, or the floor in the neighbors from above.
The second option is more effective. But he is unrealized without the consent of the "upper". In an effort to interest them, tell me that the shock noise is spread not only horizontally, but also vertically (this is the truth). Therefore, putting insulation, they will get rid of noise from the noise, but also themselves: they will not have to walk on the tiptoe through the living room when children worship in the bedroom.
As a decisive argument, suggest paying expenses. And then, in order not to stay in Vnaklad, go out with the same proposal to the lower neighbors. But already for your sex and for their money.
If negotiations with the upper neighbors fail, enhance the ceiling sound insulation.
As a typical version, the design of a frame-cutting ceiling of drywall is used (it is desirable to use vibrarosis). The framework of the frame is filled with noise absorbing materials. Find out the details of the arrangement of such a ceiling in specialized companies. The work is complicated, so we do not recommend it yourself.
How to get rid of structural noise
Structural noise, we recall, extends through the supporting structures of the building. To get rid of it, severe connections between these structures and the apartment are destroyed.In practice, this means the isolation of the entire apartment, and not separate surfaces. This is the most complex type of sound insulation. Without the help of masters, you can not do. The protection should get the ceiling, gender and walls. It is necessary to separate the tie of the floor from the bearing walls, having pushing the groove in it and filling it with its noise protection composition (it extinguishes the vibration going to the apartment through overlaps).
For floors, ceiling and walls, use materials that have the same or close coefficients of noise absorption (about the characteristics of noise protection materials, we will describe below).
Effective protection against structural noise is "floating floor". For its installation on the slabs, the floors are placed elastic layer of sound insulation, and the screed is poured on it. As a result, the floor is deprived of a tight connection with a slab overlap, it seems to float on the insulation layer, which absorbs third-party noise.
Noise-proof materials
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Classification and characteristics
Materials protecting rooms from noise are divided into noise-insulating and noise absorbing. The first reflect noise, not allowing you to penetrate inside, the second quenches them, not allowing to be reflected from the surfaces.Insulators - any solid surfaces: metal, concrete, brick, wooden. The harder surface, the more efficient it reflects noises.
The main characteristic of insulating materials is the sound insulation index RW. It is measured in decibels. The brick wall thickness of 45 cm with a layer of plaster has RW = 55 dB, soundproofing panels "Economicalizol" with a thickness of 13 mm - 38 dB.
Noise absorbers, on the contrary, soft. The softer the material, the more noise he extends. Carpets, curtains, mineral wool have absorption properties.
The effectiveness of the nochigasteers is characterized by a sound absorption coefficient A (sometimes denote a lowercase "A" or Greek ά (alpha). The coefficient is the ratio of absorbed sound energy to the energy falling on the surface. Outside the unit takes the sound absorption of 1 m2 of the open window when the sound is 1000 Hz .
The sound absorption coefficient varies in the range from 0 to 1. With a zero value, the sound is fully reflected, with full sound-absorption, the coefficient is 1. To sound-absorbing materials include those that have absorption coefficient of at least 0.4.
For comparison: the sound absorption coefficient of the carpet is 0.70, glass gambles - 0.80. But the brick wall is only 0.05, glasses - 0.02.
Indoors are mounted materials with nicious properties. The role of insulating is performed by walls, gender and ceiling. However, in everyday life, the dampers are also called soundproofers. There is no brute error in such a replacement. The layer of Minvati, laid on the inner side of the room wall, isolates it from external noises, quickening them in its thicker.
Protect the apartment from noise and save heat
Any soundproofing material keeps heat, and all heat insulating weakens sound. But these properties are not expressed equally in the same way. For example, foam and polypropylene are well kept warm, but are a weak obstacle for sound.
Nevertheless, there are coatings that can not miss any sound or heat to approximately equally.
Getting started to sound insulation of the apartment, decide for yourself, there is no need for its insulation. If there is, carry out work on sound and thermal insulation together using the appropriate materials.
This approach saves money and intra-quarter space. Because the effective soundproofing layer thickens the walls of approximately 5 cm. As a result, the volume of the room with an area of 18 m2 with a ceiling height of 2.5 m decreases by 2 m3. If you add the heat insulator, the layer will become thicker.
Trust professionals
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So, you learned what sound insulation. You also know what noises penetrate the apartments and how to deal with them. However, professionals argue: noise-proof materials do not exist, there are only protective structures.
In this statement there is a large proportion of truth. Even the most modern and expensive coating will give a weak result if it is laid incorrectly, not where it is necessary, without taking into account the specifics of noise and their sources.
Therefore, the choice of optimally appropriate noise protection materials for your apartment and their installation trust the masters specializing in the performance of such works. And then your dwelling with a guarantee will be protected from foreign irritating sounds.
