Heat engineering parameters of the components of a wooden hollow block (DPB)
| Compound | The heat-conductivity coefficient, W / (M C) | Thickness, mm. | Heat transfer resistance, m2c / w |
|---|---|---|---|
| Wood 10% Wet moisture fir tree, pine(for the inner wall) | 0.12. | fifty | 0.42. |
| Block air cavity with static moisture air 30% | 0.07 | 70. | 1.07 |
| Wood 14% moisture fir tree, pine (for the outer wall) | 0.16. | 80. | 0.50 |
| Note: DPB thickness 200mm has resistance to 1,99m2c / W. |
Heat engineering characteristics of external walls from DPB
| Wall thickness, mm | 165. | 210. | 255. | 340. |
| Air cavity thickness *, mm | 85. | 85. | 85. | 170. |
| R0 walls, in the cavity of which is static air, M2C / W | 2,674. | 3,15 | 3,442. | 5,211 |
| * Air humidity - 18%. For reference: Wall of wood array provides the required R0Tr value required for Moscow, equal to 3,2m2C / W, with a thickness of 365mm. |
Enlarged calculation of the cost of work and materials for the construction of the house with a total area of 245.8m2
| Name of works | Units. change | Number of | Price, $ | Cost, $ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Foundation work | ||||
| Handling axes and ground removal | m3. | 38. | eighteen | 684. |
| Device of the foundations of ribbon reinforced concrete | m3. | thirty | 60. | 1800. |
| Device monolithic reinforced concretePlates (under fireplace) | m2. | 2. | twenty | 40. |
| The device of retaining walls of bricks (base) | m3. | 6. | 32. | 192. |
| Waterproofing horizontal and lateral | m2. | 150. | four | 600. |
| TOTAL: | 3320. | |||
| Applied materials on the section | ||||
| Concrete heavy | m3. | 31. | 70. | 2170. |
| Ceramic Ceramic Building Brick | thousand pieces. | 2,3. | 165. | 380. |
| Masonry solution (delivery) | m3. | 1,4. | 76. | 107. |
| Crushed stone granite, sand | m3. | fifteen | 28. | 420. |
| Hydrosteclozol, Bituminous Mastic | m2. | 150. | 1,3. | 195. |
| Armature, Formwork Shields, Wire Knitting and Other Materials | set | 400. | ||
| TOTAL: | 3670. | |||
| Walls, partitions, overlap, roofing | ||||
| Installation of wedding salary | set | 10 500. | ||
| Floor overlapping blocks | ||||
| Cabinet of walls and partitions | ||||
| Installation of the rafter design | m2. | 200. | sixteen | 3200. |
| The device of the calane vaporizolation | m2. | 200. | 3. | 600. |
| Bitumen Tiles Coating Device | m2. | 200. | 10 | 2000. |
| Thermal insulation of overlaps | m2. | 450. | 2. | 900. |
| Installing windows and doors | set | 1000. | ||
| Facing wall decorative stone (base) | m2. | fifteen | twenty | 300. |
| TOTAL: | 18 500. | |||
| Applied materials on the section | ||||
| Table salary | set | - | - | 28,000 |
| Walls and corner assemblies made of wooden hollow blocks | ||||
| Beams overlaps | set | - | - | 20 200. |
| Kit "Block-roof" | ||||
| Kit "block-floor" | set | - | - | 18 200. |
| Window and door salaries | set | - | - | 12 600. |
| Paro-, wind-, hydraulic films | m2. | 200. | 2. | 400. |
| Insulation | m2. | 450. | 4.5 | 2025. |
| Tegola soft tile (Italy) | m2. | 200. | nine | 1800. |
| Artificial stone Kamrock (Russia) | m2. | fifteen | 23. | 345. |
| TOTAL: | 83 570. | |||
| Engineering systems | ||||
| Fireplace device, chimney laying | - | - | - | 1800. |
| Electrical and plumbing work | - | - | - | 3400. |
| TOTAL: | 5200. | |||
| Applied materials on the section | ||||
| Boiler equipment, radiators, thermo-regulators, reverse liner valve, white tube (Germany), fittings, PVC pipe, taps | set | - | - | 2900. |
| Electrocabel, Telephone, Antenna and Accessories, Electrical Electrical, Uzo, Automatic Machines, Wiring | set | - | - | 1470. |
| TOTAL: | 4370. | |||
| Total cost of work: | 27,000 | |||
| Total cost of materials: | 91 600. | |||
| TOTAL: | 11 8600. |
The editorial board thanks the company "PSK DEL" and "Keeping club" Otradnaya "for help in the preparation of material.
Is it possible to build an energy-efficient wooden house without the use of traditional insulation? Russian engineers offer tested technology for building buildings from wooden hollow blocks, which allows you to maximize wood, improve the heat-saving properties of building structures and ensure high quality of work
Phenomenon of closed space
The principle of prisoner into a closed air space, devoid of the possibility of moving, is applied in the design of the thermos. It would seem that nothing prevented to develop this idea and use it in the construction of walls and overlaps. Nevertheless, until recently, for the construction of houses with air insulation in a massive manner, no one was taken. The obstacle was the lack of engineering developments that guarantee the tightness of the structures in the places of adjoins and joints. Otrid such developments were to lie down effective technological techniques that ensure the tightness of the walls and overlaps in the nodes of the conjugations through the use of sealing and sealing materials.
The air as the insulation of the enclosing structures is used in sealed glass windows of modern windows placed in a frame from a special profile with insulating gaskets. The cost of the facade glazing of this type is high, and the house turns into the similarity of the thermos and requires constant ventilation and organizing forced ventilation. Meanwhile, in nature there is a material that allows you to solve the problem of air insulation relatively inexpensively and in compliance with environmental norms. This is a well-known tree.
Engineer-inventor V. N. Parfenov developed and patented building structures from wood, as well as the effective technology of their production and the construction of houses, in which there are no natural disadvantages of a wooden array. The heat-shield characteristics of these structures, where the base element is a wooden hollow unit (DPB), one and a half times higher than the resistance of the heat transfer of walls from the logs and the timber than the most sought-after in the construction of sizes. According to tests conducted by technology developers, the heat-insulating properties of the wall of the PCB thickness of 165mm are similar to the properties of the 280-millimeter wall from the massive timber.
All sorts of designs are collected from DPB:
Fencing and bearing walls;
transformable walls and partitions;
Overlapping beams;
Pre-stressed beams for overlapping spans with a length of 15m and more without intermediate supports;
decorative supports;
Columns, arches and other curvilinear elements.
What is DPB?
Basic materials used in wooden house-building - chopped and calibrated (rounded) log; planed flaws; sawn, glued and profiled timber from the array; Brux and boards frame structures. It would seem that nothing new in the field of construction engineering from the tree can not be. The strength and thermophysical properties of wooden walls, features of wood behavior in conditions of changing temperature and humidity are known. Nevertheless, experts have found a way to improve the characteristics of wooden building structures, optimize raw material consumption for their manufacture, reduce the cost of a square meter of housing. Forward, they have eliminated the natural disadvantages of massive wood in the finished product, such as shrinkage, warping, cracks. They also managed to reduce energy costs on the drying of a wooden array. This was the effective profile technology in which the main element of building structures is a wooden hollow block. Houses from DPB are practically not subject to shrinkage.
Explication
Ground floor
1.Mube 2. Having 3.The room 4.Gerdoor 5. Plot 6.Tolo-living room 7.Kuhnya 8.Technical room 9.Terass
Second floor
1. Split 2. Wailed room
Technical data
Total area of the house ........... 245.8m2
Floor area ...... 179,5m2
Square of the second floor ...... 66,3m2
Air cavities of the PCB of walls and overlaps are communicated to each other, forming closed volumes. The high-speed DPB technology is high heat-saving indicators of dry (10-12% humidity) of antiseptic wood are provided by heat insulation by dry static air, filling the cavities of the walls. This air is microcirculation through the cell structure of wood binds together two environments: outside and inside the house. The result of the air indoor is cleaned and conditioned naturally. The condensate appearing in the condensate cavity partially evaporates, and partially flows down, where the absorbent is absorbed. Artificial vapor insulation of walls and overlaps is not required. Vurades with extremely low temperature of the blocks of blocks are additionally insulated with special heat-reflecting elements that do not change the environmental characteristics of the DPB.
What is the difference between DPB from other basic elements of wood construction structures? The new profile technology does not use special equipment (splicing lines), traditionally used in the production of glued enclosing and bearing structures. The DPB is made from the bars of the original section of 100100, 45100mm glued from three lamellas using polyurethane glue "Kleiberit-510" (Germany). Foreign execution of DPB has the form of a log, a bar, a D-shaped bar. If necessary, DPB are made with another surface profile (at least 24 options). The outer and inner side of the block can be made of different wood species. For example, the one forms the outer part of the wall - from larch or oak, internal - from cedar, birch, ash, IT.P. House agencies are possible their various combinations, as well as any surface profile.
The special design of the pre-stressed beams of overlapping from DPB longer than 6m allows them to be assembled at the construction site. So, on the spot can be collected by the beams of the original design with a cross section of 425425mm and 12m long. For the transport of oversized beams of such a design, special expensive transportation with escort and approval of the route is not required. This feature of the technology is important when delivering containers with "designer" by road or by a mixed transport scheme (trailer, train, ship) for long distances. Branded container packaging allows the transportation of construction components on any type of transport and provides complete safety of products.
The rigidity and mechanical strength of the DPB design provide inserts planted on glue connecting from the inside the facial elements, and the end stubs of the tree. The thickness of the walls from the DPB in the standard version is 85, 120, 165, 210, 265, 340 mm, to the order is not limited. The height of blocks is 210mm, the length of any. The VDDB is missing vertical glue seams and fastening metal fittings. On the front surfaces of the walls there are no chips, cracks and cracks. The external sides of the blocks have the quality of furniture facades and after assembling the house are not subjected to finishing operations. Engineering communications are paved in air cavities, providing for access to them in order to prevent and repair during operation.
The use of DPB allows you to build a house in any architectural style. The design and decoration of the outer and internal surfaces of the walls are determined not by technology, but by the customer. Outside and inside the building may have a view of a log or liner, as well as being lined siding, stone or brick.
Breating log;
marked log;
G-profiled timber;
D, E-glued bar
Vtypov projects are used as starting blanks with a sequence of 100100mm and a board with a cross section of 45100mm. Of all the existing ways of building wooden buildings, the technology of construction of houses from DPB sets demonstrates the lowest rates of labor and material costs. Hence the relatively low cost of a square meter of housing from DPB in comparison with buildings from a massive profiled bar and logs of comparable sizes. Price 1M2 Square in the house of DPB standard equipment - from $ 250.
What and how to build from DPB
In production conditions, a set of building structures is made, the so-called marble complex. This is a set of DPB sets and other profile details, laid and packed in branded containers in order determined by the assembly. DPB are already processed by protective compositions and, as a rule, finally finished. At the request of the customer, additional finishes are performed (grinding, tinting, lacquer coating) after building a building.
According to the regulations, the "designer" of the model house with an area of 150m2 is collected in 54 hours, 300m2- in 90 hours. A closer and construction process, low-performance finishes and finalization of structural elements are practically absent. With a standard height of the wedge 210mm and the width of the wall 340mm, the builder assembly at the construction site is carried out without the involvement of heavy machinery and lifting mechanisms.
Under houses from DPB make the foundations of a lightweight type: a small blowout, cast in the form of plates, burbilling, as a rule, without basement. Even if for any miscalculations of builders, the foundation is deformed and the associated sediment of the wall, the wedding salary allows you to raise the wall in the right places by jacks and restore the linear dimensions of the design. The technologies of the structure of this kind of foundations are almost the same for frame houses, buildings from logs and timber, and therefore we recommend reader to familiarize yourself with the previous publications in the "Build House" heading, where the problem of building foundations is considered in detail. Simultaneously with the foundation casting, the base of the brick furnace base (fireplace) is starting. Later along the perimeter of the building make a concrete breakdown with a width of 1.2m.
Before the start of assembly of the house in space under the floor, the sewage and water pipes enclosed in steel pipes of cables perform. Communications are removed on the second floor simultaneously with the construction of walls. They are placed in the cavity of the DPB, from which interior partitions are also collected.
The construction of the house begins with the installation of a wedding salary, which is a durable monolithic bar of horizontal gluing. After laying on the level aligned with the cement screed in terms of level and the waterproofing surface of the foundation, it is fixed on the spot with mortgage screws. Then they start assembling the floor overlap blocks, in the grooves of which the ribbon insulation is placed. Sliced at the factory and labeled DPB laid one to one according to the assembly drawing. The workers remain only to push them between themselves with saming screws "muffuhary" with a length of 220 mm using an electrical screwdriver with an end nozzle. Following the floor overlapping on the same technique, walls are built. The places of angular compounds and the furnaces are tightened with "coarse" and are carefully marked with mounting foam. The avity of the first crowns is placed absorbent.
A somewhat different looks like the installation process of the attic part of the building. This uses dpb of other sections, allowing to collect the roof of the tent type. From the inside of the attic building partitions from plasterboard height 120 cm, subsequently, they are putty and painted. The wooden Ceiling of the attic additionally grind and cover the protective and decorative compositions of Tikkurila (Finland). Outside, the roof is trimmed with waterproof plywood, on which the technologies of the company TEGOLA (Italy) laid a soft roof. Kkarnisami fasten the gutter of the water-feling system, to the wall-drain pipes.
Plumbing is mounted taking into account the peculiarities of wooden house-building: using auxiliary metal structures and waterproofing materials. Ventilation in the house is provided by natural, subtle-exhaust. However, the bathrooms and the kitchen are installed fans that remove the air beyond the premises. Sources of heat are a gas boiler with a capacity of 30 kW and steel panel radiators Kermi (Germany) - this is enough to heat the residential space with a total area of 246m2. Additional heating devices can be considered fireplaces on the first and second floors, they are used as in severe frosts, so in spring and autumn, when the permanent operation of the heating system is not an idea.
As soon as engineering communications earned in the house, impatient customers moved to it. They independently took up the decoration of the premises and very soon gave the interiors a residential, a cozy view. Rooms were issued in an uncharacteristic manner for wooden houses. Restrained and concise design, in the spirit of 60-hgg. The last century is based on a combination of saturated, intense colors: the golden-honey tree of walls and burgundy-brown millet. The thing is a lot of free space. Little furniture items are distinguished by direct functional forms. Gostny-soft sofa and armchairs, upholstered with light blue velor, in the kitchen - massive cabinet furniture in the same color scheme. On the windows, tissue blinds and curtains. The bathrooms are equipped with high-quality plumbing manufactured by Ideal Standard (USA).
The introduction of the profile technology of the construction of buildings from the DPB indicates that the wooden house-building keeps up with the times. This area of innovative solutions are in demand in the same way as in construction using bricks and concrete. Certificate is the construction of a group of cottages from DPB in the territory of the Moscow Region Club "Otradnaya". Werewood in Russia, the new technology will certainly take place among those that have already arrived in construction business.