Overview of the dishwasher market: embedded and detached, processing modes, structural features of pallets and baskets for dishes.
Thanks to the mounted decorative panels, fully embedded appliances externally indistinguishable from kitchen furniture
Display and control buttons are located on the end door. This design seems unusual, but it is convenient enough.
Options for the placement of partially embedded dishwasher on low legs. Downstairs remains a place to install an additional furniture drawer.
Separately standing "dishwashers" are usually produced with the hull of traditional "kitchen shades" - white or stainless steel. Auto Case with Dark Coloring Less
The Vario Flex functional box is equipped with stops and clamps providing a stable position of the dishes during washing.
Description to the scheme:
1 basket on guide clamps;
2-placed box;
3- average rotating rocker;
4- lower rotating rocker;
5-pallet with a drain hole and the filter system;
6 - water supply pump;
7- Hermetic case;
8- Turbosushki fan
With the help of the fan-built fan in the dishwashers, an accelerated drying of the dishes is carried out (turbosushka)
Additional compartment for long items. With its absence, cutlery often fall through the bars of the lattice and block the rotating rocker sprinkler
Box for knives, forks and other cutlery
The bottom basket "leaves" from the chamber on roller supports. This design is able to withstand significant loads.
In the machines for washing dishes use only special dishes, rinsing agents, flavors for them
The control panel located on the door of the door is better protected from children's pranks.
Most housewives are unanimous in their "dislike" to wash the dishes. This service is monotonous, tedious, harmful to hand. However, today, in order to avoid all these troubles, it is not necessary to hire a servant, dishwasher easily cope with dirty dishes.
Washing is ahead of consciousness
Despite the fact that dishwashers and today are perceived as a kind of miracle of technology, the first attempts to construct a similar device are still to the middle of the XXV., And a completely effective model of the dishwashing device appeared already in 1886.Surfaced item: made her woman, American Inventor Josephine Cochran. . MEVROPE The first electric "dishwasher" was issued by Miele in 1929. Vissed life, such a technique begins to be actively used only from the mid-fifties of the last century. Pillow, even many "lovers of progress" dishwasher saw some unnecessary luxury. Turns in developed countries The situation has radically changed: such devices are not less in demand in the kitchen than, for example, a refrigerator. The attitude towards dishwasher cars are not so definitely. Many believe that wash the dishes by their hands faster and better. Yes, and not always in the kitchen there is a place to install another type of equipment.Accordingly, the range of dishwashers presented on the market is very wide and has hundreds of models. Companies such as Bosch Und Siemens Hausgeraete (Bosch, Siemens, Gaggenau trademarks), Bauknecht, Blomberg, Imperial, Aeg, Kaiser, Kppersbusch, Miele (all Germany) are engaged in the production of these devices; Indesit Company (shopping stamps Ariston, Indesit), Ardo, Bompani, Candy, Zanussi Smeg (Italy), Asko, Electrolux (Sweden), Gorenje (Slovenia), LG (South Korea), Whirlpool (USA), Beko (Turkey) Idre . Choose from this abundance The most suitable model is quite difficult, especially since many Russians have the experience of "communication" with such a technique almost equal to zero, and the devices themselves are also in appearance, and according to the stated technical characteristics differ little from each other. What you need to know, going to the store for the dishwasher?
According to the research conducted for the company BOSCH, the Romir Monitoring Center, each third family takes on washing dishes until 20 minutes a day, and 11% of families take more than 45 minutes. Wasting a person for his life spends on this occupation for about a year!
The lady handed over to the luggage ...
Question number one: What should be the performance of the dishwasher? In the ideal version, it is necessary that the whole accumulated dirty dishes for the day are processed by "in one occasion". The number of objects to a greater extent depends on the love of the hosts to home cooking than from the total number of consumers. Place in the "dishwasher" an excess "guest" plate or fork is much easier than to shove into it a few saucepan, soup, opposed to IT.D.
Of course, the number of dishes will turn to once again. But note that the car is still, whether it is completely loaded or only one plate is located in it. In love, the consumption of detergent, electricity, water and time will be the same. However, in devices designed for 8 and more sets of dishes, the "Half-load" option is encountered. When it is activated, water and detergents come into one section, while the second remains unused. This option saves water, electricity and consumables, but the cost of such an "economical" increases by about 10%. The more advanced solution is the automatic determination of the amount of utensils, also reduces the cost of water, electricity and consumables, but it makes it possible to use both baskets for downloading dishes, which is much more convenient (used in "dishwashers" Electrolux, Zanussi).
The productivity of the device depends on its capacity and time that is spent on a complete washing cycle. The standard time washing the dishes is approximately 2 hours for most models (if you do not take into account special accelerated modes of operation, which will be discussed below). Therefore, most often the performance of dishwashers is estimated by their capacity in "sets of dishes." This is an international unit of measure that corresponds to the number of dishes (plates, cups, spoons, forks IT.P.), the necessary one person.
You can also find models with a capacity from 4 (ME5661 from Ardo, SKT3002 from Bosch) to 14 (all models from Asko, G898-3SPLUSXXL from Miele) and even 15 (models 60cm wide from Candy) sets. Moreover, 90% of the devices occurred in the market are designed for 8, 9 or 12 sets, these "quantities" were most convenient in practical terms.
Principle of dishwasher
In the design of "dishwasher" there is no mechanical brushes or any rags - the entire cleaning procedure is made using water jets. First, items are downloaded to the basket. Purchase compartments are placed with detergent, rinse, salt. Then the machine is gaining water, heats up to the desired temperature and adds detergent to it. A pressure solution is supplied to rotating sprinkle nozzles (externally resemble sprayers that can be seen on lawns or in the garden). From their holes, the jet of water falls on the dishes. The amount and shape of the sprinklers, the location of the holes in them are designed so that a single corner does not remain in the washing chamber, where there would be no detergent solution. The solution used is automatically merged into the sewer. Invitation the car will slip and dry the dishes.
"Cool" washing . The quality of the dishwashers causes the "public" a variety of emotions - from enthusiastic approval to a restrained skepticism. But here is a paradox: different models are in different ways, but the most absolute most of them has a "a" wash class (say, the class "C" is quite difficult to find). What is the case? And the case, it turns out that the "dishwashers", in contrast to washing machines, there is no reference program based on the class of the device. Therefore, each manufacturer is forced to develop its own washing program, as well as the layout scheme of dishes. The type and nature of the contamination, the composition of the detergent and other factors strictly stipulate in testing conditions (in more detail about the method of determining the classes of washing provided by dishwashers, it was said in the article "And who will wash the dishes?"). Ot, what kind of program gives the required quality "A", the instructions for each instrument says (there is also a layout of the dishes in which the desired high result is achieved).
Choice difficulties . How to determine the quality of the machine "on the eyes" without resorting to difficult experiments? Look inside the working chamber, evaluate the quality of its manufacture. Inside there should not be roughly spilled or welds. Pay attention to the lattice of the basket - its bars should not be too rare, so that small items that are not failed to block rotating sprinklers are not failed. Specify the number of "splashing zones" (so called the direction of water supply, the greater the larger the basket options are possible. The number of water supply directions depends on the number of sprinklers (rotating rockers having a remote similarity with installations for irrigation of the lawn). Empty models occurs From one to three rockers installed from below, from above and in the middle of the working chamber. Some models (for example, D3530 from Asko) can be created up to eight splashing zones, while three such zones are considered the norm. The less nozzles, risk and splashing zones Equally, the dishes are washed, located in baskets at different levels.
In search of "Places under the Sun"
The size of dishwashers largely depend on their overall dimensions. The models presented in the market can be divided in size to three groups: table-capacity of 4-6 kits (45-55 cm wide, approximately 45 cm wide), floor-nerds for 8-9 sets and outdoor wide 12 or 14 sets. The height and depth of floor cars approximately correspond to the standard dimensions of the kitchen furniture module (82-90cm and a depth of 60 cm). In this case, the width of wide models is 60cm, and the narrow-45cm. To establish on the already "mastered" kitchen, another item of household appliances is not easy task, especially if the area of the room is small. But if the living space allows you to purchase an outdoor device, since such models are better coping with strong pollution. Desktop models are designed mainly for washing glasses, tea cups, saucers and the like "accessories" and are suitable mainly for small offices.Dishwashers are available as detached and intended for embedding. At the same time, some models are quite universal and can also be used in that in another embodiment. Many outdoor devices (for example, Bosch, Miele, Asko machinery) are equipped with a removable top panel, thanks to which they are able to embed under the kitchen countertop. Such versatility, of course, is convenient if any permutations can occur in the kitchen in the future.
Estuary-ka . The technique of interest is divided into the built-in completely and partially. Completes of the embedded machine facade decorated with a special panel in the tone of kitchen furniture. It looks like this, according to many owners, is much more attractive, since it harmoniously fits into the design of the room, externally differing from the ordinary kitchen cabinet. In addition, fully embedded models are better protected from children - the tempting displays and handles are not striking. However, there is an opinion that it is not particularly convenient to use such a machine, since the control buttons are located on the door of the door and make any manipulations with them (and just throw a fleeting look at the display) can only with the door open. For example, blocking the sprinkler rummy randomly fallen a knife or for a fork, it is easier to reveal from a partially built-in model with a "seemingly" display.
However, it would be an exaggeration to say that during the work of the dishwasher, the owners often have to refer to the display. Some, on the contrary, the display only prevents people are unwittingly distracted and spend time to familiarize themselves with his testimony. For host host, instruments are supplied with special sensors. For example, Miele's fully embedded models are equipped with a light sensor, which will signal whether the operation or the program is completed. The original "alert system" is used in machines F864701-M (AEG) and ZDT-5195 (Zanussi). The option "Bump on the floor" is used: to indicate the operation of the device on the floor, the light spot is projected by a red color, which does not disappear during the whole washing cycle, up to the end of the program. The way of light indication, unlike sound signals, is absolutely silent and therefore especially convenient for night use.
Decorative panels are mounted on the embedded "dishwashers" after installation. In order to simplify the process of their fit and fixation, manufacturers offer their small tricks. For example, in the ELIXIA model (Ariston) there is a new Mount Velcro. The panel is first attached to the facade of the machine on velcro, which allow you to adjust the location of the decorative element if necessary.
Long live mode!
Automation of the dishwashing process turned out to be a difficult task due to a wide variety of kitchen appliances, which may require a variety of processing modes. Therefore, in most dishwashers, 3-6 programs (modes) are provided for dishes from different materials and with varying degrees of contamination. Modes differ in the duration of the cycle of dishes, water temperature and jet pressure, as well as by the amount of added detergents. Among the most common programs can be allocated:
Pre-rinse mode (as a separate function): For about 15 minutes, the dishes is rinsed with cold water. This option is intended for a "pending start" and moisturizing dirty dishes, the processing of which will be carried out later to eliminate the drying of the dirt.
Accelerated washing mode at low (35-40C) temperature. This program may be called differently: for example, FAST (Blomberg), Eat-Load-Run (Electrolux), Time4you (Ariston, Indesit), "Fast Sink" (Asko), but is also present in all manufacturers. Its duration is less than 30 minutes. The program is recommended mainly for weakly polluted dishes.
Standard mode. Designed for the daily washing of dishes of the average degree of contamination at a water temperature of 55-65С. Most often, this program is considered by manufacturers as a reference for a particular model (more about the washing class it will be going below).
Reinforced mode (at a water temperature of about 70s). Designed for highly polluted dishes (for example, frying pan after frying).
Among other, less common programs can be allocated:
"Delicate" washing fragile glass and crystal (implemented in many models). This mode in its physical parameters is similar to the accelerated washing mode.
Additionally activated intensive drying mode (Crystal Dry has Blomberg, Turbo-Termic at Miele, Turbo Drying at Asko).
Bio-program for use of detergents with active biodevices (in ESI4121 x models from Electrolux, F86470IM from AEG, AEG, ADG6556IX from Whirlpool, ZDI 6896 SX from Zanussi). There are no such means for dispensing machines for dishwasher distribution machines.
Simultaneous treatment of dishes of any types (Mix Wash option in Blomberg models, Duo Wash in Ariston models), which makes it possible to wash the table dishes from porcelain at the same time and heavy frying pan. The problem of using this program is to dial two baskets of dishes of different types, - it is not meant that the dishes can be placed as it fell.
Preliminary rinsing hot water (LD-2060SH models from LG, D63 from indesit).
Programs that provide high dishwashing hygiene: "Eco Bio" (Candy), Hygiene + 70C (Blomberg), "Intensive washing" (Asko) at a water temperature of 75С. Zanussi mmosers The disinfection function of the dishes can be implemented by the Intensive 70 program.
The program for efficient processing of a saucepan and a pan (edged with rinse in hot water) - in Asko, Miele, Gi256-161 models from Gaggenau, LS9212A from Ardo. This program in its physical parameters is quite reminiscent of the enhanced washing mode.
Automation . In the early time in dishwashers, another program is increasingly found, called fully automatic washing. Its essence is that, on the basis of data coming from water pollution sensors, the machine independently adjusts the temperature, duration and number of working cycles, ensuring the maximum quality of processing of dishes and the minimum cost of water, energy and time (as, for example, the D3530 models from Asko, SGI09T05EU from Bosch, DE6955 and ZDI6896 from Zanussi, as well as all Miele models). Hospital, the function of automatic washing is not cheap and so far is implemented only in products worth not less than $ 600-800.
Drying . Another important "duty" dishwasher is the drying of the dishes. This can be done in two ways. For the next case (the so-called "condensation drying"), the heated dishes dries "naturally" over time. This method is cheaper, but does not always give quality results, the utensils dry is insufficiently quickly, it takes time for drying. The process of condensation drying can be accelerated using a heat exchanger to which SRS4672EU, SGS09A02 (BOSCH) models are supplied. In this case, the hot humid air of the working chamber contacts the cold walls of the heat exchanger, as a result of which moisture condensation occurs on them. Another method is a convection drying (or "turbosushka") - implies the use of a fan blowing the dishes with warm air. It shortens the drying time, but the machines equipped with such a fan cost more than 50 dollars. And it should be noted that the turbosushka cannot be considered the indicator of "steepness", since the condensing option is also found in very expensive models "dishwasher", for example GM240-130 (Gaggenau), G663-3 SCVI Plus (Miele) cost more than $ 1500. If the "dishwasher" is used at night, the more you can do the model with the condensation drying.
Constructive details
The design of the pallets and boxes (baskets) for dishes is the subject of special attention of all without exception developers of dishwashers. They are equipped with multifunctional boxes for downloading dishes of any shapes and sizes.For example, "Transformers" baskets (Multisystem) are used in Li420, Li480A models (Ariston). Their sections can be combined by different ways, depending on the number and size of dirty dishes. ELECTROLUX MACHINE, D3250, D3530 from Asko are equipped with folding cookware holders. Also in most modern models it is possible to adjust the location of the upper basket in height, but this adjustment is carried out in different ways. For example, in the models of the SMART series (Candy), the height of the top basket can be varied from 21 to 27 cm, which allows you to place large-sized dishes in it. Users from Miele The upper box moves in a smaller range (by 15-19 or 20-24cm), but is able to be installed under the tilt. A similar location "under the degree" is provided in the F88070IM models, F88060i (AEG). AB models Zanussi using the Quick Lift device The height of the top basket can be changed, even if it is already loaded. This system allows you to process in "dishwashers" zanussi plates with a diameter up to 32 cm.
Accessories . Among the extra accessories you want to call nozzles for washing antics (provided for "dishwasher" Bosch, Gaggenau, Siemens), installed instead of the top box. They allow processing such large-sized objects like glass refrigerators, exhaust filters. There are nozzles-pins for washing high vases, cans or jugs (which are unstable without such devices and fade), special boxes for high fuels (Imperial, Miele, Siemens, Bosch, Gaggenau). At the same time, consider: large items are effectively laundered only if there is an upper sprayer, which is far from all models of dishwashers. Additional nozzles and boxes for fuys are not always included in the machine's equipment, and more often sold separately.
Among the design features that facilitate the manipulation with dishes can be noted the internal lighting of the washing chamber (models D3530 from ASKO, F88060I from AEG).
| Mark. | Manufacturer | Wash, drying, power consumption | Location, type of building | Capacity, sets | Type of drying | Noise level, dBA | Price, $ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| D 41. | Indesit. | BBB | Detached, width 45cm | eight | Condensation | 55. | 390. |
| LS 9212-2 | Ardo. | B-S. | Partially embedded, width 60cm | 12 | Condensation | There is no data | 450. |
| LI 670 DUO ELIXIA | ARISTON. | AAV. | Fully embedded, width 60cm | 12 | Turbosushka | 51. | 530. |
| LD-2060Wh. | LG | AAA | Detached, width 60cm | 12 | Turbosushka | There is no data | 590. |
| GSI 582 Al. | Gorenje. | CBB. | Partially embedded, width 45cm | nine | Condensation | 51. | 550. |
| GSN 1580. | Blomberg | AAA | Detached, width 60cm | 12 | There is no data | There is no data | 650. |
| ESF 6121. | Electrolux | Asa. | Fully embedded, width 60cm | 12 | Condensation | 47. | 700. |
| Favorit 64850. | AEG | AAA | Detached, width 45cm | nine | There is no data | 45. | 800. |
| ZDI 6896 QA. | Zanussi. | There is no data | Fully embedded, width 60cm | 12 | Turbosushka | 45. | 850. |
| D3530. | Asko. | AAA | Fully embedded, width 60cm | fourteen | Turbosushka | 47. | 900. |
| SE 55 M 671 EU | Siemens. | AAA | Partially embedded, width 60cm | 12 | Condensation | 44. | 900. |
| SGS 09T05 EU. | Bosch. | AAA | Detached, width 60cm | 12 | Condensation | 44. | 1050. |
| GM 240-130. | Gaggenau. | AAA | Fully embedded, width 60cm | 12 | Condensation | 47. | 1750. |
| G 663-3 SCVI Plus | Miele. | AAA | Fully embedded, width 60cm | 12 | Condensation | 46. | 1800. |
| CFD 715. | Candy | AAA | Detached, width 60cm | fifteen | There is no data | 49. | There is no data |
Waters afraid - do not wash the dishes
Most of the "dishwashers" are equipped with a reliable leakage protection system. If you compare it with a similar system provided for in washing machines, in this regard, dishwashers will be more protected because they are working mainly at night, without any control by the owners. Therefore, manufacturers are trying to maximize the leaks from leakage, all potentially weak nodes.
For example, in the AQUA-STOP system (Bosch, Siemens, Ariston) uses a flexible two-layer hose with high-strength outer shell (withstands water pressure to 70 bar) and a double locking magnetic valve, which automatically blocks the water supply to the leakage hose. In addition, in the lower part of the machine there is a pallet and a float switch, it automatically blocks the flow into the water machine, if it is present in the pallet in the amount of more than 250g. The effectiveness of the AQUA-STOP system indirectly indicates a guarantee for the entire service life of the dishwasher - the manufacturer takes on Once obligation to compensate all damage if due to the system malfunction there will be a leak. Similarly, the security system and in the devices of other brands. For example, the waterblock water supply lock device (CANDY) is a sensor that is in the pallet and fixes the leakage. The result is triggered by the valve on the water tap, stopping the water supply.
Installation . The dishwasher connection resembles a similar procedure with washing machines. Most often, the owners of the apartment are addressed to the services of professional builders who have a license for this type of activity. Only the connection made by them in all the rules will allow you to get a guarantee not only to the car itself, but also on the work, and on the materials used by the builders during the installation process.
Dishwashers can be connected to a cold or hot water pipeline. As a rule, a flexible supply from a riser to machine-flexible hoses is quite reliable and easy to operate. Cold water is most often used, although it seems to many unprofitable parts of the electricity consumed by the machine on its heating. Nevertheless, most manufacturers do not recommend connecting dishwasher to the main hot water systems, since there are limitations on the temperature of the incoming water. The optimal temperature is about 45 ° C. Too high (and hot water can be heated to 60-70c) does not allow the use of a significant part of the washing programs, in which, for example, a preliminary rinse with water temperature 35s, worsens the operation of the condensation drying and may be more harmful than useful.
But in modern business class houses, where there are temperature limit devices, and in country cottages with individual boiler, the use of hot water is fully justified and appropriate. Alpoint cases are better not to risk. Moreover, modern dishwasher models have a low level of electricity consumption, and the cost of one session of dishes is 8-10 rubles (along with consumables).
As for the power supply, the "dishwashers" are connected to the home network with a voltage of AC 230V through a rosette with a ground (specially grounding these devices is not required). To drain the waste fluid, the drains of kitchen sinks are equipped with siphons, in which there is an additional fitting to attach a washing or dishwasher.
Quiet hour . When choosing a suitable model, pay attention to the level of noise produced by it. After all, dishwashers, of course, cannot be called completely silent technician. Meanwhile, since many owners prefer to use these devices at night, the level of their noise when working should be extremely low. The most "quiet" models sound at the level of 45-46DB, and the leader in noise comfort are the models of the Diva series from Electrolux - only 41DB. Hospital, different manufacturers use different methods of measuring noise (and in some cases the manufacturers are delicately "forget" to specify its level). But "within the framework of one manufacturer" the characteristics cited allow you to compare the models are sufficiently objectively.
Pending start . A trigger delay timer will be very useful, which will turn on the dishwasher at a given time. It is convenient when operating the devices at night, especially if necessary, use dishwasher and washing machines. Such a technique consumes a significant amount of electricity, and with simultaneously turning on both devices, network overload can occur. Therefore, it is better to include washing and dishwasher cars at the same time. For this, at least one of them must be equipped with automatic delayed launch. The apack washing machines such an option usually do not equip them, all hope for "dishwasher".
Display . It is desirable that the car "communicates" with its owners in Russian. But while Russified displays can only boast of "dishwashers" of the Logixx series (Bosch) and Hisense (Siemens). AV families where there are small children, you need to have a car with protection from the opening of the door and turn on the program. This kind of protection is available in devices from Asko, Bosch, Miele, Siemens, Zanussi and other manufacturers.
What is impossible to wash . With all its indisputable advantages, dishwashers are by no means alone - they can be soaked far from everything in the world. So, they are not recommended to handle dishes from aluminum and soft plastic. Due to the high temperature of water and a sufficiently aggressive detergent, such items may be unusable. Professionals are not advised to put in the car and especially fragile "family" glass or crystal dishes (due to its value and smallness) is better to wash manually. APRRY Purchase new dishes, especially kitchen equipment with plastic details (for example, kitchen combines), it is necessary to make sure that the manufacturer allows you to wash it in the "dishwasher". If we take into account these simple rules, the dishwashers will delight their owners. Not one decade, the service life of many models exceeds 15-20 years.
The editors thanks the company "M. Video", representation of the BSH household appliances companies, AEG, Asko, Candy, Electrolux, Indesit Company, LG, Miele, Zanussi for help in preparing the material.