Half-timber

The technology of the construction of a two-story typical house of 197 m2 with a terrace: architectural techniques and description of phased work. Estimation.

The combination of lining of walls from dark wood and light tiles looks very successful, especially on the background of a pine forest and aquatic stroke at home

The roofing rates form above the terrace of a large canopy, protecting it from the rain. In this case, the roof design allows you to make this canopy partially or completely glass. This creates a feeling of open, "street" space, the terrace does not seem closed

Gloria House house can be perfect in any natural landscape. The number of glass surfaces, the trim of the facade is selected taking into account the locality

This section of the terrace is closed from prying eyes not by chance, a door from the sauna comes out. Great place to relax in the air after steam room

Thanks to the abundance of glass surfaces, both in the outer walls and in the inner partitions, the house is filled with natural light all year round. Here you, as anywhere, feel living together with nature, feel the change of seasons

Thanks to modern building technologies and materials, the cost of heating the house is much lower than you can expect with such an abundance of windows, glass partitions.

Glass walls expand the space of the living room and allow all the nature surrounding the house, to become an integral part of the life of its inhabitants

Moraine tree and smooth white walls are a simple and elegant combination that will always be in fashion. Although if desired, the style of this cottage can be radically changed

Please note: the upper part of all internal partitions is made of glass. Therefore, the house and looks like this spacious, filled with fresh air and sunlight

The utility room next to the kitchen, thanks to which it is released from household "small things", such as a washing machine and refrigerator

High Tech-style kitchen in combination with a romantic view outside the window creates a unique image, where every corner demonstrates the skillful "lusion" of the architectural object to the surrounding area

The bedroom looks very restrained. Enrich her appearance fence of the antlesole and the staircase

It seems that the sink is on a solid decorative shelf, and in fact three functional drawers are located in it

Built-in wardrobes are located in protrusions of end walls, which allows you to save place in the bedroom

The guest bedroom, like the master, has panoramic glazing and a small erker. Therefore, no "jewelry", except for the view outside the window, is not here

The master's bathroom is connected to the sauna, in addition, it has its own exit to the terrace. The one is the only plot that is closed by the crate

The house is built so that from here, with the mezzanine, not only spectacular views of all internal space, but also magnificent scenery outside the windows. Therefore, households love to relax exactly here, under the roof itself

On the mezzanine not so much space. But since the walls do not reach the ceiling and the space is unlocked, here you can arrange an additional comfortable bedroom

Floor plan

Many are wary of typical projects. Inappropriate. After all, a successful standard design does not interfere with the use of a variety of architectural ideas and planning solutions, but it guarantees the proven quality of execution. Visual confirmation of the house that will be discussed.

Cottages Gloria House can be considered the embodiment of the European idea of ​​the modern comfort of a country house. They are built from environmentally friendly materials, high-tech, have a standard design and multiple modifications, thanks to which fit into any landscape. The contribution is provided for a large number of additional options, ranging from glass heating and ending with the Smart Home system. However, the basic equipment provides very comfortable accommodation. The house we will tell, one of the most expensive built by the manufacturer. But its design, the main technological nodes, most of the finishing materials are still for the cottages of this company typical.

The house stands on a concrete belt foundation, his reinforced concrete insulated floor lying on a sandbreaker with a thickness of 50cm (in the case when the quality of the base is unsatisfactory, it must be additionally prepared, but this is no longer included in the circle of standard construction tasks). Filter in the process of work is laid water heating pipes, water supply wiring, ventilation pipes and air conditioning. The ashist of groundwater and hidden drainage is located around the perimeter of the foundation pillow. In addition, storms are connected to this network with the roof of the building. The basis of the design of the walls of the house forms a hard frame of massive glued racks and beams, called the half-timbered design. The feature of the step is that any premises or parts of the building can be glazed or deaf. The design allows you to implement almost any planning option, because the inner walls are not bearing here, which allows you to create large open spaces, change the layout. Here the hosts used all the advantages of the Facrow: There are large glazing surfaces, erkers, open internal spaces. But we will talk about the planning solutions later, and now, about the construction of the building.

All elements of the frame joints are made on the automatic line with high accuracy, so the process of construction of the cottage is short-lived. One of the differences of the house is the absence of metal screeds, spoiling interior. Wooden wooden skeleton connections, such as traditional spike. Metal ties are used, but rarely and only where the traditional fastening is impossible or needed an additional safety guarantee. But in any case, in the finished building, fastening elements are not visible.

Staining the details of the house is made in the factory. In place of the assembly, all parts are applied with applied and impregnated Valtti Aquacolor lesing antiseptics (Tikkurila, Finland). This allows you to protect wood for a long time and uniform painting that emphasizes its texture.

After installing the frame, the space of cells glass is glass or closed with insulated wooden sandwich panels in accordance with the architectural plan. What is a typical sandwich panel? The outer cover is made of waterproof, and the inner-from dense plywood (Northern Pine). Between them, under pressure, a layer of insulation from natural cellulose fiber is blown. The sides, as vapor barrier (so that the walls are better to "breathe"), construction paper is laid. Wind insulation provides outer waterproof plywood. All shelving elements are interconnected and screwed to the frame. The thickness of such a panel is at least 200mm. Already the finished wall can be finished in various ways: lined with natural stone, she is covered with "clapboard" or, as in our case, narrow wooden panels.

Double-glazed windows in half-timbered structures are mounted directly into the frame. As a rule, they occupy floors from the floor to the ceiling, there are options with solid glazing of the facade. Therefore, high attention is paid to the heat and sound insulation properties of double-glazed windows.

Building technology. Frame

The main advantages of house- comfort and environmental friendliness are predetermined, first of all, the design of its walls. They are frame, half-timbered (Fig. 1), it means that a cellular structure, rigid and lungs, and therefore allow the use of an inexpensive finely breed foundation. Filling their cells is easy to diversify and give outdoor finish elegant or strict look. Week house more than 70% of the surface of the walls are glazed and fill the house with light and wonderful paintings of the surrounding forest and lake.

The framework of the walls, as well as the bearing elements of the roof and the terraces are built of glued uncomfortable bars (pine), impregnated with protective compositions in the factory. All frame elements were combined with each other on spikes and only in particularly responsible or inaccessible knees, metal corners, brackets or plates were put.

The lower support timer of 145mm width is resting on the body of a belt, exactly tailored foundation. Although from concrete, the ram is separated by a waterproofing ribbon, it is securely fixed with the help of anchor bolts and from the floor side is insulated with polystyrene foam. Insid the location of the deaf simpleness, the frame has increased additional frames to increase the depth of the cavities (up to 190mm) to bookmark the insulation. All non-seen

The cells of the flash design outside were cut by waterproof antiseptized plywood 9mm thick (Fig. 2). Along the long walls, the frame was reinforced from above the Mauerlat bar (27090mm). Apol spatial rigidity of the walls of the walls acquired after a connection with a rafting roof system.

The inner partitions are also made according to the framework of the bars with a cross section of 4050 and 5060mm (Fig. 3). They were attached to the floor, columns and walls using frame dowels. Later, the partitions were filled with pellavilla soundproof linen mats, and in Vital Cellulosic Fiber Sounds (Vital Finland). Finally, the partition was finished with lacquered white panels of Schauman Wood.

Building technology. Facing

The walls were facing after installing windows and outdoor doors. The deaf areas of the outer walls occupying about a quarter of their area were decorated with panels with a cross section of 14030mm from a dense antiseptic northern pine (Fig. 4). They were turned horizontally along the vertical clamp of 5022mm, leaving for ventilating clearances (3cm) in the base and the sink of the roof.

Building technology. Roof

The roof is duplex (angle of inclination - 20), the urgent, is perfectly insulated. The legs of the rafter, made of two coheshal in the width of the boards by cross section of 17045mm, are based on the skiing bar and the Bar Mauerlat on the outer walls (Fig. 2). The ski run rests on five columns (Fig. 7), each of which has its own foundation column. With each other and with leg supports are associated with

using metal squares and plates. From above, the rafter is protected by a diffusion waterproof film Tyvek Supro, which is fixed by the crate under the tiled benders (Sweden). The bottom of the rafter is closed with a polyethylene film and are trimmed with tinted and lacquered by two-band "clapboard" and the rash balks with a cross section of 9070mm (Fig. 7, 8, 16). The space between the tiles and the "lining" is filled with insulation. Overactions of the roof are made wide (3050mm) - they form shelter for the terrace.

Building technology. Warming at home

In the house, almost every corner was insulated: concrete floor, corners and deaf cells of the frame, Mauerlat, roof. Vaults are electrically heated double-glazed windows. In addition to the "sandwiches" of the walls and roofs is invested with a thickness of 190 and 400 mm, respectively. Technology insulation - know-how producer of material Ekovilla (Ekovilla, Finland). It consists of chips of cellulose fibers with the addition of powder from foamed borats. Performing work

The subcontractor after the construction of the shell of the house: the walls and the roof are trimmed outside, the wiring is laid in the frame. So that the insulation is tightly laid in the cavity, it is slightly moistened. Filling are carried out by sections, starting from the roof. The planned platform is closed with a polyethylene film (Fig. 5, 6) and the insulation is blown through the hose. Then give him

It is seamless that the fibers "clapped" and dry the warm air. After that, the plot is facing, keeping the film as a vapor barrier. On the walls (Fig. 8, 9, 10), the film can be replaced by craft paper to improve the insertion. Inaccessible areas are insulated with a mineral wool Paroc.

Building technology. Layout

The main "dispatcher" in the house was a concrete floor with a thickness of 80mm. Inside it is hidden the wiring of cold and hot water (Fig.21); Power supply cables (Fig. 12) to the instruments in the kitchen, in the sauna, in economic and technical rooms, to transformers of wind heating and outdoor lighting; Water warm contours

floors (Fig. 11); Pipes of the central vacuum cleaner system Puzer (Finland). Cables and pipelines are hidden in corrugations. For water supply networks used pipes made of stitched polyethylene. The wiring was performed with copper according to a scheme with zero protective grounding. The wiring to the switches and sockets was carried out inside the framework of the walls and partitions of the NYM cable (Spain). For warm floors, a system of materials from Wirsbo (Sweden) was used.

Building technology. Window

Translucent house designs occupy almost three quarters of its outer walls (Fig. 13, 8). Most of these structures are the deaf windows of the showcase type 2850mm. Two-chamber double-glazed windows with electrical heated glass SGG Eglas are inserted. Packages thick 31mm mounted directly in the frame cells with a quarter of 27mm selected in them. Sealished silicone sealant. Kcarkasa pressed with plates through a soft felt

Gasket. In order not to destroy the package with an excessive force, when tightening the screws to the platbands, the calibrated thickness of the short gaskets (Fig.14) was put. Above large windows, the openings are filled with double-glazed windows, but already "normal" sizes. Extracting carcass for ventilation are built in windows with a folding framuga (Fig. 15).

Roof home-typical element: rafter duplex design without an attic space, but with wide skes. The roof is a "cake" from the tiles of Exclusive Antique (Benders) and a layer of insulation covering the Tyvek Supro waterproofing film (DuPont, France). The roof structure of the roof is recessed by secret drainage gutter (Rannila, Finland). Wide skes are needed to protect the terrace from the sun and rain. But if they are not enough natural light, the transparent inserts from the triplex are mounted in the sinks. The terraces are driven by a cottage almost around the perimeter. The level of flooring coincides with the overall floor level, which makes them a natural continuation of the interior. It increases the useful area of ​​the construction and allows you to organize the external space around it.

Of course, the design of the interiors is chosen by the owners and cannot be fully typical. Nevertheless, some finish elements are offered by the developer as optimal. All inner walls of the building are first covered with cladding plywood panels Schauman Wood. They are processed by white translucent lacquer Paneeli DSSD Assa (Tikkurila). Alternatively, you can use high-quality wooden trim from Euromagle. Napanese-ceramic tile (on top of the drywall or brick wall) and glass blocks. Well house everywhere, except for the bathroom, there is no additional facing. The end planes of the frontones under the sinks of the roof and the upper sections of the internal partitions are glazed. Such a solution creates a feeling of lightness and expanse needed in a country house. In addition, in the afternoon, a darker ceiling, decorated with wooden panels, is freely flooded with natural light along the entire length of the building. A car is dark with lamps that are hidden in the beam laid around the perimeter of the house.

Punching flooring uses a massive board and ceramic tiles. Apacks Heated Gloria House houses are carried out due to warm floors, wooden coatings suitable for constant contact with a heated base are used here. In the case, the case of heat-treated birch Real Floor (Finland), covered with the composition of Osmo Color based on natural oils and waxes.

A few words about planning solutions. The house is designed for permanent family accommodation from two adults, so all the necessary premises managed to place on the same floor and small open mezzanine height in the floor.

The central place in the interior is occupied by the combined space of the living-dining-kitchen with a fireplace. This is a double room with panoramic glazing and a large erker, the ceilings at the highest point reach four meters. From here there are two exits to the open terraces, located on the opposite sides of the building. A master bedroom, a bathroom and a sauna, and a guest bedroom and a bathroom, and a guest bedroom and a bathroom are adjacent to the right room. Both bedrooms have panoramic glazing and niche. From both can be climbed by the mezzanine, which in the house two, one in each wing.

This is such an equipped and decorated to the latest European building fashion house. Of course, the project can be significantly reduced, refusing many expensive elements, but the customers immediately went on another way. Well, everybody to choose the lifestyle that suits him.

Building technology. Heating and ventilation

The supply of houses with warm and fresh air is as economical and effectively as unusual for Russian reality. First of all, heat is not obtained from burning fuel, but with the help of the thermal pump of the Finnish company IVT (Fig.17). That is, it is going on crumbs in the surrounding space. Most comes from the bowels of the Earth through two pipes closed in the well with antifreeze. Another number is selected from the waste room air emitted to the street. The heat pump warms water for a warm floor system (Fig. 17) and hot water supply. A fireplace (Fig. 16) with a capacity of 5 kW comes to the rescue.

Ventilation in the house is forced. The network of vent ripped is partially under the rands (Fig. 19), partially (to remote zones) under the floor with flexible insulated hoses (Fig.21). Non-salary air is closed from the middle zone of the house through the grille (Fig. 16) and the fan is sent to the recuperator (Fig. 18) of the MEPTEK system. There it is warmly "assigned" the heat pump and sends water to heated. The transferer comes in fresh air, which in winter is heated, and in the summer is cooled with the same heat pump. Next, air conditioned air is distributed through the air ducts (ceiling and underground) and enters the rooms at home. Systems are managed by smart electronics SCHNEIDER ELECTRIC (Germany).

Building technology. Water supply

Cold water in the house is served from an autonomous well. It is equipped with a warmed caisson, where there is a pumping station and a hydrometer tank with a volume of 50l, maintaining constant pressure in the water supply network. Water passes only mechanical cleaning from suspension. All hot water consumers are connected by individual pipelines (Fig. 21) to the collapsible collector. Any hot water (with a temperature of 50c) is supplied with a circulating pump from the buffer drive of the heat pump. Xantekh Pribirsmarkers are carried out according to the "Wall" diagram using HGFORS fittings

(Finland) (Fig.20). The drains are divided into sewage pipes from PVC laid under the floor. The entry and distribution points of most communications are concentrated in the technical room where the geothermal installation is placed, the central block of ventilation systems and the power unit of the central vacuum cleaner.

Building technology. Terrace

By area and constructive-architectural solution, the terrace is perceived as an integral part of the house. Its roof is covered with a common roofing carpet with a main building, and the floors are made on the same level with its floors (Fig.22). The cores of the terrace was raised immediately after installing the rafting roof system. He rests on several (from 10 to 16 pieces in two rows, depending on the terrace configuration)

Finely breeded foundation columns (250250mm) on each side of the house. Through waterproofing gaskets, longitudinal dual bars are laid, and surface lags based on the end on the ribbon of the building foundation. Institutions of the internal row

(5pcs) When the pouring was inserted in two mortgage rods with a threaded part (M20), serving 100mm over concrete. When installing the terrace on these rods, the support sleeves were screwed down and the wooden columns were lowered from above (Fig.23), which support the terrace roof ramp (previously in the end the columns drilled holes). So that with a large width of the roof over the terrace, the stiffness of the structure was provided,

The lines of the roof legs lengthened on both sides by boards (12045mm) and led the running timber under them. The adjustable position of the column makes it possible to ensure their reliable contact with the run and, if necessary, lower it as the house is sediments. Depending on the architectural solution of a specific building, some sections of the sink

Roofs can be reduced to the "clap" or close with a translucent material. After the plating of walls, the electrical wiring (in metal hoses) was laid outside the terrace (in metal hoses) to the places of installation of outdoor lighting devices (Fig. 4, 13). After that, the flooring mounted, made fences and put fixtures (Fig.24, 26). All wooden parts were coated with protective compositions in several layers (Fig.22).

Building technology. Storm system

The house is equipped with a reliable storm water removal system. It consists of two main parts: underground and overhead. The first began to build along with the foundation. Initially, around the perimeter of the house from the outside, the layer of Earth was removed with a depth of about 0.7m and about 2m width. In exchange, they laid a layer of rubble, on it (with a small bias) drainage pipes (Wavin, Denmark) with braid from a copra, again a layer of rubble, and then two layers of polyurethane foam with a total thickness of 100mm.

The heat insulator was covered with geeking, heading it up on the foundation. Thus, it was protected from erosion and from the freezing. Then everyone was covered with sand, rubble and non-rigid strip of concrete slaughter. At the corners of the house in drainage plastic wells, dringed. The neck of the wells with observation hatches brought from the ground by 10-20 cm (Fig.25). From the deepest drain, Samothacoms are distinguished by the PVC pipe into the accumulative reservoir, and from it to the relief or used for economic needs, for example, by watering.

Unusually made system of drainage from the roof. At the ends of the sinks of the roof of the house and the garage canopy are mounted by a secret drainage gutter. They are hidden in V-shaped wooden troughs, which are nailed to the beveled ends of the BRUSEV Sveza (Fig.27). On the other wall of the trough are naked on the pieces of bars so that they looked like as a continuation of the Bruusyev Sves and created the impression that the trough is embedded in them. Rannila metallic drainage at the ends is connected to the drain pipe laid along the nearest column (Fig.22, 25, 27) and the removal water to the ground.

Building technology. Septic

While two people live in the house, a scheme is involved with wastewater treatment in septica (Fig.28) of large volume (Sako Labko, Finland). Stocks in it come with a gravity of a trunk, laid at a depth of about 1m. The reservoir is swapped to a depth of about 2.5 m, it stands on a sandy pillow and outside the sand and cement mixture was covered. From groundwater, this mixture turned into a solid shell, reliably holding the container in the ground and creating additional heat-stash. Septic from PVC with a working volume of about 6m3 is filled with approximately alternating. During this time, the sediments have time to move and decompose. Once in 3-4 weeks the car arrives. If such a mode of operation turns out to be economically unprofitable, an option with a biological subspeted appearance will take effect. Playground reserved. In this case, the machine will take the sediment sediment only once a year.

The enlarged calculation of the cost of work and materials on the construction of a two-storey house similar to the presented

Name of works	Units. change	Number of	Price, $	Cost, $
Foundation work
Takes up axes, layout, development and recess	m3.	38.	eighteen	684.
Reverse fusion, soil seal	m3.	12	7.	84.
Device of a chicken base	m2.	140.	eight	1120.
Device of the foundations of ribbon reinforced concrete	m3.	32.	60.	1920.
Device monolithic w / b plates	m3.	33.	60.	1980.
Caution lateral isolation	m2.	90.	3.	270.
TOTAL	6060.
Applied materials on the section
Concrete heavy	m3.	65.	62.	4030.
Crushed stone granite, sand	m3.	70.	28.	1960.
Bituminous polymer mastic, hydrohotelloisol	m2.	90.	2.8.	252.
Armature, knitting wire, sawn timber, etc.	set	one	510.	510.
TOTAL	6750.
WALLS
Device of frame outdoor walls and internal partitions	m2.	199.	twenty	3980.
Overlapping device	m2.	140.	12	1680.
TOTAL	5660.
Applied materials on the section
Framework, panels, sawn timber for mounting facade walls, overlap and inland partitions, fasteners, consumables	set	-	-	28300.
TOTAL	28300.
Roofing device
Installation of the rafter design	m2.	190.	eight	1520.
Installation of trim and skate shields	m2.	190.	6.	1140.
Tile Coating Device	m2.	190.	12	2280.
TOTAL	4940.
Applied materials on the section
Tile benders	m2.	190.	28.	5320.
Paro-, wind and waterproof films DuPont	m2.	190.	2.	380.
Built-in Rannila drainage system	set	one	560.	560.
TOTAL	6260.
Warm outline
Insulation of coatings and overlaps insulation	m2.	190.	2.	380.
Filling opening windows and door blocks	m2.	46.	35.	1610.
TOTAL	1990.
Applied materials on the section
Insulation (Finland)	m2.	190.	3.	570.
Window blocks - two-chamber glass windows with electrical heating SGG EGLAS	m2.	34.	720.	24480.
Doors profin	PC.	6.	-	2300.
TOTAL	27350.
Engineering systems
Autonomous Water Supply Device (Well)	set	-	-	2460.
Installation of the sewer system (septic)	set	-	-	3100.
Device fireplace	set	-	-	1980.
Installation of ventilation system	set	-	-	1350.
Plumbing and electrical work	set	-	-	9800.
TOTAL	18690.
Applied materials on the section
Septic Sako Labko.	set	one	-	5700.
Fireplace Takkataiturit.	set	one	-	2400.
Geothermal pump IVT.	set	one	-	11400.
System "Smart Home" Schneider Electric	set	one	-	10280.
Water treatment system	set	one	-	690.
Sauna lapinlaude.	set	one	-	2300.
Central vacuum cleaner Puzer	set	one	-	1260.
Forced ventilation system MEPTEK	set	one	-	4850.
Plumbing and electrical equipment	set	one	-	5300.
TOTAL	44180.
FINISHING WORK
Device board coatings	m2.	197.	10	1970.
Facing surfaces with ceramic tiles	m2.	eighteen	sixteen	288.
TOTAL	2260.
Applied materials on the section
Ceramic tile	m2.	eighteen	27.	486.
Sex floorboard Real Floor	m2.	197.	94.	18518.
Jideart staircase	set	one	-	1200.
Lucky Tikkurila.	set	-	-	980.
TOTAL	21190.
Total cost of work	39600.
Total cost of materials	134000.
TOTAL	173600.