Frame house in stone appearance

Carcass

Panel buildings can be separated by siding, half-breed, artificial stone. The brick finish applied in this case gave house an impressive view.

The foundation of the building is a low-boiled concrete slab with a thickness of 45cm, on which the base of bricks subsequently elevated

The so-called Mauerlat board served as the basis for installing wall panels. It was attached to the base with the help of mortgage elements. From moisture emanating from a brick base, a wooden structure protects the rubberoid rolled waterproofing layer

Lags, cohesy of two boards by means of metal gear plates, laid in 40 cm. The result is a rigid flat farm. It is mounted wall panels made in accordance with the project of the house, where their equipment, dimensions and detailed installation scheme are indicated. On top of the panel bonded by Mauerlat board

Inside the T-shaped joint, the lags converge at right angles without support. They are fastened using special connecting elements.

A balcony was arranged above the protrusion of the parade frontonon. Its structures were made of coheshed at the factory beam.

Roof and overlap designs are made in factory conditions, so the volume of high-rise works is minimal

Erkers are based on a brick masonry of the basement, or on metal beams. Over the Erkers installed ready visors, serving decorative elements of the facade, as well as moisture protection

Heating pipes and wiring laid hidden method - in plastic corrugates in the floor and walls

Factory URSA P35 50mm thick was laid directly on OSB-slabs in three layers without fasteners and without seams. From the inside of the house covered with a vaporizing film

Shield power supply

Water collector

The walls of the premises were trimmed with plasterboard for metal frame and sailed by wallpaper

For the functioning of the gas boiler it took out an outdoor chimney

The head of the house heating system is built on the collector diagram of the instrument connection. The coolant in it circulates thanks to Grundfos pumps (Germany)

The relative cheapness, the speed of construction, various finishing options, the factory quality of the manufacture, are the few parameters that make people choose frame-shield structures. We offer you a description of the technology of building a building with an area of ​​267.8m2, which was built in just a trime. This time was enough to fully prepare a house for finishing

Frame houses appeared relatively long ago. This, probably, the cheapest and fast housing technology is widely distributed in Western countries. The construction of brushed or log structures requires much more time, which is associated with painstaking manual work, as well as following the assembly of a long period of wood shrinkage as a result of drying. Practice shows: even dry-drying glued bar loses 3% in weight, which affects the geometric sizes of the walls.

Second technology - shield (panel). In accordance with it, the framework is partially or fully assembled from the panels (with or without or without insulation) size from 1 to 3m both in height and in width. They make them in the factory conditions, and not on the construction site.

In this case, the panels forming the frame with a height of 2.8m and width from 0.7 to 2m with door and window openings according to the project were made. The discharge side of the shields are covered with 16-millimeter OSB-plates that attached the design additional rigidity. The fabric facilitation sketches are insulation and the inner trim at the factory did not perform, in addition, these operations are best carried out after laying communications.

Sandwich. A damp, after insulation, vapor and waterproofing, floor, walls and ceilings are a multi-layered "sandwich". Its main filling can be any insulation: polystyrene foam ("PESEROPLEX 35", "PSB-C25F" IDR), glass (URSA, ISOVER IDR) or basalt (Paroc) cotton wool, reeds, which provide minimal heat loss. With the thickness of thermal insulation at least 150 mm in the conditions of a disconnected heating, the temperature in the house in severe frosts per day is down on average per 2C. It is comparable to the effectiveness of a brick wall with a thickness of 1.5 m.

Among other things, the frame-panel structure requires a small amount of materials: 0.06-0.07m3 Woods on 1m2 residential area for walls and 0.04-0.05m3- on 1m2 horizontal roof projection. The cost of such a design (box) is 30-35% of the cost of the entire house, ready-made turnkey, - in contrast to brick structures, where this value reaches 60-70%.

Monumental frame

The decision on the construction of a frame-shield house was made by the owners after a detailed analysis of publications in specialists and consultation with specialists. The latter advised to strengthen the framework structure with a brick facing, which, in their opinion, will give a solid type of building, will serve as an additional hydro and windproof walls and, most importantly, will not allow the attackers to penetrate the dwelling, using the usual chain saw. Geodesic works on the place of the future house confirmed the concerns of customers and builders: the ground turned out to be low. Therefore, it was decided to arrange a solid undeveloped foundation in the form of a reinforced concrete plate across the entire area of ​​the structure and abandon the basement. This circumstance, as well as the location of the construction site on a canopy, imposed several restrictions on the project as a whole. So, a garage for two cars and home laundry, where the boiler and boiler are also installed, equipped on the basement.

At the first stage, earthworks were held. The slope was cut off, and remote land was used to align the landscape. Before the "knit" the metal frame of the foundation plate and pour it with a concrete solution, the bottom of the septicization pipe to septic and water supply is to the well. Since the level of sewasonal layout in the house is above the level of septic, the drains will be deleted by gravity. Their doocarbage is carried out in the bio filter installed behind the septic.

Plan of the ground floor	Floor plan	Explication Ground floor 1. Garage 1. 2. Garage 2. 3. Machine Ground floor 1. Kitchen 2. Dining room 3. Corridor 4. Delivery room 5. Cabinet Second floor 1-4. Bedrooms 5. Bathroom 6. Toilet Mansard Floor 1. Bedroom 2. Corridor 3. Storeroom 4. Hall 5. Bathroom
Plan of the second floor	Mansard floor plan
Technical data Total area of ​​the house ................. 267.8m2 Square ground floor ....... 54,2m2 Ground floor area ............. 80,8m2 Square of the second floor ............. 74,0m2 Square of the attic floor ..... 58.8m2

PRESENT

The proportionate places where the partition will be on which the roof farm will be engaged in self-drawing. So it turns out the beam of a large cross section over the concrete slab along the contour of the building laid out the base from the thickness of the walls into four bricks and about 3.5 m high. The flaunt side of the building, where the level of land reached a half-meter height, it was necessary to produce thorough hydro and thermal insulation of the walls. For this, the brick surface was covered with one layer of the coating and two layers of rolled waterproofing. Then installed foam sheets, which pressed asbestos panels. Only after the operation of these operations it was possible to count on the fact that dampness and cold will not penetrate into the lower level. Over one of the garages, the project assumed Erker. However, it was not possible to make a complex configuration on the configuration, since it would complicate the design of the garage gate. From the situation came out, mounted at the site of the wall of the first floor of the carrying metal structure welded from foreign beams. Subsequently, she was hidden behind a wooden visor covering entry from rain and snow.

Walling

On the side of the lags nourish the cranial bar, on which the black floor boards laid the base for the assembly of wall panels served as a Mauerlat board. Anchor bolts with a step 50 cm were attached to the base through the layer of horizontal waterproofing throughout the perimeter of the structure. On this blackboard, with the help of metal corners mounted first-floor lags in 40 cm. Such a frequent arrangement of the power elements provided the increased rigidity of the floor. The wall panels were installed on the lags using a galvanized metal fastener with a size of 906060mm and self-tapping screws.

The mass of each shield was 200-300kg, so 4-6 people were engaged in assembly. The speed of work impressed the customers: from the moment of delivery of the panels until the end of the assembly of a whole floor passed no more than one daylight day. Another day was required to straighten the top of the Mauerlat board and the installation of lag overlapping the second floor. Thus, the construction time completely depended on the termination of the supplier. Visual conditions, with favorable weather and the availability of everything necessary, the installation of the structure of the house with an area of ​​300m2 takes about one and a half weeks. It should be noted that all boards going to work are covered with antiseptic and flame retardant means in the factory conditions (in accordance with the requirements of SNIPs 2.03.11-85 and 2.01.02-85), therefore these operations at the construction site were not performed.

The frame structure is crowned with a two-tie roof with a dysproye dunns of an auditory type. Metal gear plates significantly simplify the creation of rafter structures. After mounting rafters, steam, thermal insulation and crates, the roof is covered with waterproofing film "Izosan-A" In addition, it is reduced to a minimum that the time of hazardous high-rise works is reduced when the second floor is erected and the installation of rafter systems, which also come in finished form. The pitching of all perpendicular elements was carried out by means of a variety of galvanized steel brackets and duralumin of Polish production. Find for builders steel metal gear plates (MZP). Thanks to them, they managed to use lags of overlaps with a size of 46296mm, cohesive (assembled) from two boards with a cross section of 46148mm at the factory with the use of a special press. Thus, the rigidity of the floors on the first and second floors is higher compared to the one that the Canadian technology is provided, which is as a rule, is 48196mm known to many. Inconale, MZP turned out to be absolutely indispensable for rafter systems and canopies over the first floor erkers, where the geometric accuracy and strength of the connection are extremely important. This simple connecting agent is able to create various structural forms: beams, frames and farms of small and medium spans, superior to the strength of similar structures bonded on nails. Standard MZPs are made of double-sided galvanized sheet steel with a thickness of 1 to 2.5mm by spanking and emptying the teeth of different lengths and shapes. The plates are cut in accordance with the required size specified by the customer (usually the length is from 50 to 400mm in a step of 25mm, width - from 100 to 250mm with the same step). The disadvantage of the toothed plate is that it is pressed into wood on the machine on both sides only in the factory. For this reason, the design is collected at the factory and then transport to the place of installation, which ultimately increases the use of MZP. However, there is an alternative. Lord there are fastening plates, corners and complex shaped products with screw holes and screws. This installation can be created by any designs, slicing manually or on a circular elements and connecting them with fasteners at different angles. Moreover, the services of a highly qualified carpenter in this case will not be required.

Roofing device

The house panels are made with great accuracy (the tolerance is 5-10mm), so that the windows and doors can be ordered in advance the attic double roof with a frontal protrusion above the balcony and auditory windows required devices of the ventilated roof. This circumstance gave a lot of trouble to roofers, who had to lay the metal tile to build a warm "roofing pie", characteristic of houses erected by Canadian technology. This composition includes several layers (bottom-up): steam insulation - JutaFol N (Juta, Czech Republic); Thermal insulation - 150 mm layer of glass gamblers of the URSA P35 brand ("Flyderer-Chudovo", Russia); ventilated gap (50mm); Anti-condensate film Jutakon (Juta, Czech Republic), protecting metal sheets from condensate; second ventilated clearance; Doom and finally metal tile. To organize air flows, it took air intake holes under the sink of the roof. They were covered with perforated siding.

Warming and decoration of external walls

The framework of the structure decided to bore brick, so all the insulation "pie" had to be organized in a special way. Outside, put the OSB-slab, which simultaneously performs two functions: elements of rigidity and windproof barrier. The plate was covered with vapor-permeable, but non-letters inside the wall of the film "Izosan-A". It does not interfere with the removal of vapors from the wall outward, but he opposes the penetration of moisture from the outside. Thus, the pairs, condensate, formed on the inner surface of the brick facing, or moisture, leaning on top through the roof structures, will not lead to the winding of the OSB plate and frame. In addition, in the ground and under the cornice in the facing, the products are left to improve ventilation.

Outside the walls littered with bricks. Each third row was tied to the wall with galvanized metal brackets.

The seams between the panels were embedded in advance by mounting foam. Only after that, the finishing of the outer surface of the walls of the walls began, every three vertical series of which was tied with brackets to OSB-plates (with a pitch of 4-5 bricks). In parallel, insulation was laid insulation, a 150-millimeter layer of glass gamars URSA P35. It was placed in a niche between the vertical racks of frame panels (the distance between them is 40cm, which is multiple of the roll width of thermal insulation - 120 cm). Watts were not fastened to OSB-plates, counting on the fact that a vapor insulation film will be held by the entire surface of the walls. This vapor protection material of the brand "Izospan-in" slows down the output of the vapor from the room, and therefore the formation of condensate inside the insulation. The film is neatly so as not to tear, weathered a mustache (2-3cm), without cracks, and glued to the wooden frame racks double-sided scotch. Before mounting the metal frame and tinkering it with plasterboard, all the steam barcling seams also closed with a special scotch.

After mounting a layer of vaporizolation along the entire area of ​​the walls and the ceilings, the metal frame was built with a step 60cm from the Knauf profile. Subsequently, the walls were trimmed with plasterboard, spanked, were predicted and wondered by the Russian vinyl wallpaper "Palette".

Laying Communications

In the house from the very beginning, at the stage of creating a project, a hidden lodging of communications (electricity, water supply and heating) was assumed in the walls and floors. Therefore, during the laying of thermal insulation between its layers, plastic hormones were passed (diameter 20, 32 and 50mm), inside which the feed wires are stretched in a folded metal shell (Mark Prf, Russia) and UNIPIPE metal-plastic pipes (Germany). To do this, in vertical racks, horizontal bonds of walls and lags drilled technological holes slightly larger diameter than corrugation. Only after laying the entire wiring were completed on heat insulation. Then, the floor was sewn with twisted OSB-plates with a thickness of 20mm, capable of serve a sufficiently rigid substrate at the flooring of a finger coating. The cost of mounting the electrical and cable network was $ 5350, and the materials and equipment cost $ 5,500.

Heating

Until gas was supplied, the house heating provided a temporary boiler room on the basis of a 15 kW of a Russian electric boiler with a capacity of 15 kW ($ 300). This solution is interesting to the fact that you can immediately mount all the equipment, and after connecting to the gas network, remove the electric boiler and "cross" the strapping on the gas. Punching of the main unit for economic considerations and the results of the thermal calculation was chosen by the gas boiler of the domestic production of AOGV-29-1 with a capacity of 29 kW with the Honeywell automatic unit. The heating system is divided into four contours: base level, first and second floor, attic. Connecting the heating instrument-steel panel radiators of the Demrad (Turkey) - to the heating system and water separation points to the water supply system were performed by collector diagrams. Hot water supply provides electric accumulator ARISTON water heater. The cost of heating and hot water supply systems was approximately $ 11,000.

Enlarged calculation of the cost of works and materials for the construction of the house with a total area of ​​267.8m2

Name of works	Units. change	Number of	Price, $	Cost, $
Foundation work
Removal of the axes, layout and development of the floor under the foundation, ground removal	m3.	67.	eighteen	1206.
Founding device, waterproofing	m2.	109.	eight	872.
Device of reinforced concrete base plates	m3.	32.	60.	1920.
Performing coating side isolation	m2.	26.	3.	78.
TOTAL:				4080.
Applied materials on the section
Concrete heavy	m3.	32.	62.	1984.
Crushed stone granite, sand	m3.	44.	28.	1232.
Mastics bituminous polymer, hydrokhotloizol	m2.	135.	3.	405.
Armature, knitting wire, sawn timber, etc.	-	-	-	740.
TOTAL:				4360.
Walls, partitions
Masonry of exterior walls of bricks (base)	m3.	91.	35.	3185.
Laying chimney	m3.	eleven	95.	1045.
Construction of frame walls and partitions	m2.	360.	twenty	7200.
Device of wooden floors	m2.	214.	12	2568.
Facing walls facial bricks	m2.	230.	22.	5060.
TOTAL:				19 060.
Applied materials on the section
Ceramic M-150 Brick	thousand pieces.	43.	210.	9030.
Brick facial	thousand pieces.	23.5	390.	9165.
Frame, panels, insulation, fasteners, etc.	-	-	-	29,700
TOTAL:				47 900.
Roofing device
Installation of the rafter design	m2.	160.	fourteen	2240.
Metal coating flooring	m2.	160.	12	1920.
TOTAL:				4160.
Applied materials on the section
Metal sheet profiled sheet	m2.	160.	12	1920.
Sawn timber	m3.	nine	120.	1080.
Paro-, wind-wind protection films, hydraulic protection	m2.	160.	2.	320.
TOTAL:				3320.
Total cost of work:				27 300.
Total cost of materials:				55 600.
TOTAL:				82 900.

The editors thanks "RSU 1 XXI century" and CJSC StroyKomplekt for help in the preparation of material.