Glazing and insulation of balcony or loggia. The advantage of PVC profiles, the cost of materials and works, practical recommendations.
They say, about seven years old, you must certainly change something in your life. Why, say, do not increase the lapidary rectangle of the room? Successfully glazed, balcony or loggia can be part of residential space. The main thing is to provide the same degree of isolation as in the apartment. With this task, plastic frames with double-glazed windows will perfectly cope.
To eliminate thermal losses from air convection, removing the gaps and gaps. That is why each manufacturer combines all types of profiles produced by them, such as window profiles. Its elements are agreed upon with each other, which ensures the tightness of all parts of the design and simplicity of their installation.
Why PVC?
Of all plastics for window frames, PVC is chosen (polyvinyl chloride), since it has sufficient mechanical strength and hardness, wear-resistant, it is difficult to flammify, does not rot in the humid environment, does not conduct an electric current.Its thermoplasticity and solubility allow you to firmly weld or glue separate structural elements.
PVC is durable, i.e. Keeps its properties at temperatures from -60CO + 60C for several decades. Compared to close by the properties of polyethylene and polypropylene PVC, there is a better comprehensive indicator of "durability-durability cost".
The disadvantages of PVC: the content of a small amount of lead, which is necessary to increase the heat resistance, isolation of toxic substances during burning, as well as accelerated aging when the temperature change is too frequent. For now, instead of lead, environmentally friendly zinc-calcium stabilizing additives begin to use environmentally friendly zinc-calcium stabilizing additives.
A wide variety of PVC profiles supply many firms to the Russian market, among which are German Veka, Rehau, Aluplast, Kbe, XT TROPLAST, Elnova, Brugmann, Gealan, Austrian Chemson, Turkish Pimapen and others. We will show a photo report. We will show an example of glazing loggia with a plated element using VEKA window profiles. The order was performed by Patekstroyarsenal.
Glass Wall
In the frame made of hollow profile, you can install both one glass and a single-chamber or two-chamber glass. The glass windows increases noise insulation, reduces heat transfer, and when applying a special coating, for example, K-coating or I-coatings, reduces thermal losses and due to radiation. For loggias overlooking lively streets and automotive tracks, a fairly effective means is provided: the outer glass is thicker than the inner (8 and 4 mm, respectively).For more security, it is recommended to divide the frame on the parts by vertical racks (imposses). I will enter such a part can be inserted either "deaf" glass or glass, or a glazed movable sash. In addition to ordinary loops, the "scissors" device can be installed at the top of the sash for folding it.
Under the windows in the sash or in the deaf portion of the frame, the support lining of a thickness of at least 3mm and a length of at least 50mm from low pressure polyethylene to eliminate the appearance of cracks in the glass due to possible vibrations.
VEKA system
The system of window and door profiles from the PVC company VEKA has over 1400Profiles of four types:Main (frames, sash, racks, crossbars, strokes);
connecting (expansion, for "deaf" frames, angular and facade connectors);
decorative (crossbars on glass, planks, capitals, ostels);
Additional elements (for attaching low ties, guides, curving strips, protective thresholds, external amplifiers).
Such a variety allows you to assemble any of the design specified in the catalog and even come up with your own. You can choose the width of the frame, the number of sash and the method of opening each of them, the number of "deaf" parts, the type of glass package (single-chamber or two-chamber), shape of the handles, color profiles and a lot more. You can, for example, provide for embedded rolling shutters or built-in ventilation profiles. In all embodiments, the fence designs necessarily provide for sealing gaskets, the maximum distance during installation between the places of anchor mounting (not more than 700 mm in a straight line and 100mm from the angular compounds), as well as the presence of holes for removing atmospheric moisture.
VEKA products will soon be delivered not only from Germany, but also from the Moscow region. Not far from the city of Troitsk, this company ends the construction of a plant for the production of window-door-door profiles from PVC performance of the 3000t profile per year. According to an annex to the certificate of conformity of Ross de Sat 24.N00416 of 201.08.99, issued by the FCSMINSTROYARF, the durability of the VEKA system profiles is for the temperate climate of Russia of the 40s and for cold climates, over 15-core years.
Rounding corners
You can install two frames at an angle using an angular connector, which includes an aluminum tube, a closed pipe from PVC. The frames can be arranged at any angle (from90 to180) and fix. At angles 90, 120, 135 or 150, for the same purpose, an angular hard connector with a constant angle can be used. With semicircular fencing of loggia, several corner connectors are used, located with a certain step.
Rama installation
To increase the rigidity and stability of the design, the existing metal fencing of the loggia is strengthened. For example, attach an additional brick or wooden fence that can be insulated. From above on it put an aligning support, a wide board, which facilitates the installation and adjustment of the position of the frame. It is to this support that the lower profile of the frame is fixed, seeking her vertical position. If the subsequent interior decoration of the loggia is supposed, then between the upper flooding of the floor and the upper profile of the frame is useful to install a special profile (it is called expansion) for fastening the ceiling.How much is it worth glazing the loggia?
Glazing balconies and loggias. Many firms. Itsen on their services may differ by 30-50% both for the same work and for different glazing options. The execution date of the order usually does not exceed two weeks when guaranteed on the finished work of at least a year. For any time, money should be made only for the already executed order.The price of glazing includes the price of the frame structure (patient and sealing gaskets), other profiles and auxiliary materials, and the delivery and installation are paid.
The price of the frame can be approximately calculated as follows: "deaf" frame with a single-chamber double-glazed window- $ 68 omn2, with a two-chamber double-glazed glass - $ 73 omn2. Over the frames with opening flaps will have to be paid $ 150 and 155 in 1.2, and beyond the frames with swivel-folding flaps- $ 162 and 167 ° C. The expansion profile above the frame, like the corner connector, will increase the cost of 5%. The profile laminated with a color film on the one hand will cost 38% more expensive, and from two sides to 78%.
Making the design of the design of two frames (front and side) cost $ 515. The cost of expansion profiles, for an angular connection, to attach a low tide, naschelnik, tumps and fasteners, roll rolls, cylinders of a mounting foam, a butt cord was $ 203, delivery and loading and unloading operations- $ 17, installation- $ 113 (22% of Rama costs) . The total cost of the order was $ 848, which in terms of calculating the specific costs equal to $ 160 omn2.
The frame is fixed to the building with anchor dowels, leaving the gap of at least 10mm, which is filled with sealant. From the inside the gap decor either by a specially provided by the profile, or the material of the internal finishing of the loggia, for example, clapboard.
From the outside, on top and bottom, the frame is protected from the penetration of moisture with two metal places. On both sides of the top low tide sealant. The lower sampling must be connected under the frame to eliminate the penetration of capillary moisture. This purpose of the chip is brought by screws to the profile, which is attached from below to the frame through the sealing gasket.
Sealing gaps
The sealant used must be reliably "react" to the change in the gaps between the frame and walls of the building caused by the different ability to temperature the temperature expansion of these structures. When using a mounting foam, it should be noted that it does not compensate for the temperature increase of gaps, does not exclude moisture penetration and under the influence of ultraviolet gradually loses its sealing properties. That is why the outbreak is filled with either by a butt cord that needs to be labeled with silicone, or a pre-compressed sealing tape (psul). This three-layer polyurethane tape has a property to increase relative to its original thickness to 200-250% and maintain sealing properties under the action of ultraviolet rays. It is often closed with a decorative plank called usually asset.After sealing the gaps, the insulation of additional living space can be considered completed and begin to finish it.
Practical recommendations
The maximum width and height of the flaps can be 1200mm and 2250mm, but 800 mm and 1800mm should be considered optimal sizes. This restriction will exclude the danger of harsh sash with time.The gap between the PVC profile and the wall should be 8-10 mm for PSUs, 10-12 mm for a butt cord and 10-25 mm for mounting foam (for color PVC, maximum values should be taken).
To eliminate the appearance of condensate in gaps and on double-glazed windows, using a profile with simple devices of the dosed air intake (gaps or ventilation channels with regulating straps for natural or forced ventilation).
Installation of a two-chamber glass package (stirrup glass) instead of a single-chamber (glowing glasses) will increase the cost of glazing only $ 5 per 1m2, but heat and noise insulation will significantly improve.
The editors thanks the director of the Krylatskoe branch of LLC Patekstroyarsenal Mikhail Yurevich Stukalov for help in preparing the material.
The article uses the terms from GOST 24866-89 "glued glass windows" and GOST 23166-78 (Red.1987) "Windows and Balcony Doors Wooden".