We tell how to calculate the required amount of firewood, get permission, choose tools and folding firewood.
Cold in Russia last six months and more. Without heating in such conditions, it is not necessary to do. Modern gas and electrical systems are good, but wood-burning furnaces and fireplaces are also preserved. The workpiece of firewood is a time-consuming and difficult process. We'll figure it out how to comply with all legal subtleties when preparing and correctly perform all the necessary work.
How to prepare firewood
How much wood needWhen cutting down
How to get permission
Required tools
Technology of procurement work
How many firewood need for winter
Start procurement work with the definition of the required amount of material. At first glance, it is simply, but you need to take into account several very important factors.
What to take into account when calculating
- Humidity of raw materials. It significantly affects the heat transfer. Raw material burns badly, gives less heat. Fresh-cuts are stored in protected from moisture, well ventilated location. They need to fly so year so that the extra humidity is gone. Only then will they become a good fuel.
- Wood grade. The highest heat transfer coefficient in dense solid rocks. This is beech, oak, birch. They are burning longer. Less dense rocks, such as pine or aspen, burn faster. They are good for extras. You can choose a combination of different breeds to get good heat transfer and clogged the chimney smaller.
- Room volume. The exact calculation in the area will not work, because the height of the room is very important. The higher it is, the more the fuel will be needed. On average, for calculations take a height of 2.8 m.
- The efficiency of the heating device. So, for the oven and boiler it will be different. The most effective pyrolysis boiler, the smaller effect gives the oven. Considate the heat loss. It is best that the building is insulated in accordance with the construction standards.
- Duration of heating period. For southern regions, it is 3-4 months, for the northern 6-7. Since it is not yet necessary to order the weather, people have not learned, it is worth it to take a protracted spring and cold autumn. Let it be better to remain a small reserve than fuel will not be enough.
In order not to carry out complex mathematical calculations, the easiest way to find out how many cubes on average goes to heating at home. Well, if it can be done in the past winters or ask former owners.
You can calculate the flow rate on the averaged formula: for every 10 kV. m stock 1 cubic material. Add here a number in stock and for a bath, if it is.
When it is better to carry out workpieces
Theoretically, wood harvesting for your own needs can be carried out at any time of the year. It should be understood that the process includes several stages. Wood saws, destroy on the haul, after which they are placed on storage and drying. It is very important to provide wood optimal storage conditions. Otherwise, it will not work out good fuel.The best time for the procurement work is the beginning of the beginning of the winter of autumn. The weather does not have to be rainy so that the excess moisture does not impregnate the material. There are several reasons explaining when it is better to harvest firewood.
Signs that it's time to proceed to the workpiece
- Trees prepared for the cold season, dropped the leaves. Now it's easier to conduct cutting down and subsequent processing.
- The movement of juices inside the trunk is first slowed down, then it stops at all. Due to this, the moisture of wood is reduced.
- The easiest thing is split up climbing climbs.
Freshly edged forest should be dried. On average, the drying of the Hield is a year. Therefore, the fuel prepared in the fall is used only in the next winter. The wedding owner always makes the stock with the calculation of it. You can, of course, take advantage of the technology of accelerated drying, but this will reduce the fuel characteristics of the material.
How to get permission to harvesting
The forestry regulation considers only the deforestation, which is carried out under the forest rental agreement. It becomes the basis for the spill and export of trees. A solid cutting is most often prohibited. It is allowed only if the natural sustainability of the forest massif is lost. In other cases, selective cutting of trees dry and damaged by pests.
For obtaining permission, refer to forestry. In the case of a positive response, the divyan is highlighted on which the workpiece is carried out. Each of them is assigned a number. The same put on the trees to be cut down. On the crust is made, where the digit is applied to the paint. Marked trunks are divided into pairs. Delian bought completely or partly, while choosing a forest harpper is not right. The section is carried out by forestry workers.
The borders of the divy are placed by foresters. After that, the owner can proceed to work at any time convenient for him.
Preparation without permission, you can only twit. Such are the branches and trunks whose diameter does not exceed 40 mm.
Thus, there are only two ways to legally prepare for the winter firewood. A self-removal export or billet of dry, brush and winding trunks are considered illegal.
When trying to make such actions, the culprit gets a fine, it confiscates tools. Usually it saw either ax. It is necessary to know that the cash punishment is considerable. It reimburses the amount of damage caused, while the price of the burver is equal to the price of business wood. This is a penalty for the illegal workpiece of firewood and the price of the instrument. The result is impressive. He is exactly more than the amount that would be enough to buy frozen flights and bring them to the house.
Tools for work
Predated for rolls of trees and their subsequent processing used saws and axes. Enjoy them today, only adaptations have changed. Dedovsky hand saws are suitable for small volumes, but they are difficult to work with them, the performance is low. We list the options for modern tools.
Chainsaw
Chain saw, powered by a gasoline engine. With it, they cut large logs, rounding. There are shortened models designed to remove branches. There are semi-professional, household and professional modifications. What kind of sawing to buy firewood depends on how intense it is planned to operate. Most often choose a semi-professional tool.
Chain Gasoline Saw Carver
Electropilated
A chain type saw equipped with an electric motor. It can be located transversely or longitudinally. The last option is good, it has a stable balance, which facilitates the process of sawing. For the power supply, the network is required to connect to the network, so it is not suitable for the forest. Rechargeable models will quickly spend the charge and are also not suitable. They are good for treating trunks in the yard.
Chain Electric Pilate Stas
Ax Colong
Used to split the chumbs on the lamps. It is distinguished by a long handle and a thick blade in the form of the letter V. It does not get stuck in the material, it is easy to destroy the fibers. The blade is hosted at an angle of 40-60 °. Koluna with direct blade are designed to split fragments of large diameter logs. Rounded blade is used for wet and resinous lanes.
Colong Fiskars.
Drovokol.
Automatic device for rolling firewood. There are modifications with vertical and horizontal feed of chumbach. The first take up more space. The principle of operation in both the same is the same: it is filled with an effort to the nozzle, which is split into two or four parts.
Handwood KOLUNDROV
Technology of the procurement process
To independently prepare fuel subject to the presence of legally obtained permission, you will have to consistently pass three stages.1. Cutting trees
It is conducted on the forest divine, where all the marked trees are sequentially lying. It is necessary to take into account that it is difficult and dangerous. Two deep babes are applied to the trunk. The first one takes a third of its diameter and is performed from the other side where it is planned to sow the conceded whip. In shape it resembles a wedge. The second scour is performed from the opposite side, its length is slightly larger than that of the first. When it is done, it is necessary to lie in the barrel with his hands and push it with the right side. As soon as he starts to lean and fall, people quickly depart aside.
2. Sawing Brene
For the convenience of subsequent transportation from each barrel spill branches. The resulting logs are cut into parts. Their sizes can be different. Someone prefers to get large whips that fit in the vehicle. Someone immediately divides on the chumbage, intended for the ring. The middle length of chocks for the furnace is 45-50 cm. Soft breeds are sawing for longer woodbags, solid try to make shorter. Otherwise, they will be difficult to prick. After loading logs and branches, remove the Delan.
3. Chalk and storage
It is advisable to suck in front of the sink of two or three days. Fresh wood. This is possible with dry and sunny weather. Each chock splits into four parts with an ax-kolun or woodcolor. Thugs in good weather are folded in a hill in the courtyard in order to still dry. The slides are set so that the air is well circulating between the wooden elements, which will take an extra moisture. If it rains, it is desirable to cover dry wood
After that, the lamps are cleaned into a special construction of the wood bar, where they are stored until the next winter. In the villages sometimes be stored fuel in the lunite under the canopy, without using the wood level. In such conditions, it is also well kept. If the halves of different breeds, it is advisable to store them separately. Then it will be easier to take, for example, a few pine forests on extroduction or birch for efficient maintenance of heat. We offer to watch a video where the entire process is shown in detail.
The billet of fuel for their own needs does not imply payment for additional taxes. All that is needed is paid upon receipt of permission. Those who plan to do this for sale will need to register as an entrepreneur and register OKVED, which corresponds to this type of activity.