We tell about the peculiarities of the Finnish foundation and tell how to carry it out.
What is a Finnish foundation
Not too expensive universal foundation, which would suit for any soils, hard and not very heavy walls - the dream of the builder. One of these foundations is Finnish (the conditional name adopted among our builders). If short, then this is a fine-gulled tape with floors on the soil and insulated gentle. Let's talk more about how such a basis is erected, and why it is considered one of the best solutions for low-rise construction.
1 - layer of sandbogramia for geotextile; 2 - Wailed drainage; 3 - Epps plates; 4 - reinforced concrete tape; 5 - scene with a bias-forming layer; 6 - reinforced concrete plate (screed).
Advantages of Finnish Fundament
The usual fine-gulled ribbon is experiencing a frosty powder forces. Theoretically, it should evenly rise in the winter, and after thawing the soil, it is also evenly descended. Here are just small differences in the load (for example, if one part of the building is lower and, accordingly, is easier than another), as well as floating often lead to the fact that the tape is seen in the soil with distortion or deforming (if the Armokarkas does not withstand). As a result, the building rolls either cracks in masonry over the processes. In the Finnish version, the insulated germ does not allow the soil to freeze and the foundation does not "float", so the dies are excluded.With a conventional tape foundation, as a rule, beam overlap of the first floor is erected. Even with good ventilation underground it is quite fast. The construction service life usually does not exceed 30 years. In the Finnish version, concrete floors are arranged on the ground - they are almost eternal.
The concrete base of the floor simplifies the installation of a water warm floor. This system in combination with a massive plate with significant thermal inertia provides maximum comfort of living in winter, and in summer, such floors store coolness and allow you to save on air conditioning.
Device technology
At first (of course, after removing the rear and equalization of the construction site), the trench of a depth of no more than 40 cm and be squeezed at its bottom of 15-20 cm. Next poured the reinforced concrete tape with a total height of about 600 mm and a width of 300-400 mm (depending on the project thickness). On very "prosperous" soils (dry sand), the tape is laying out of the foundation blocks.
After that, on space, limited ribbon, is suitable for a thick sandy or sandbreaker pillow. It is placed by layers, each of which is thoroughly trambed. Then poured the plate (in this case it is often referred to as a screed) thickness is usually 120 mm, reinforced with a single-level frame of a rod with a diameter of 12-14 mm. Usually in this stove, which is displayed on the zero building of the building, is deposited by water warm floor pipes.
The final stage is a device of a breakdown with a width of more than about 1.5 m, insulated with plates of extruded polystyrene foam and reinforced road grid.
When pouring the tape it is convenient to use the national team
Sand pillow trambet machine
With a large area and complex configuration of the house, the slab reinforce the two-level framework
A stove of concrete with winter additives is gaining 70% strength in about a month