Turawan ƙididdiga sun nuna cewa ɗayan abubuwan da ke haifar da abubuwan da ke haifar da matsalar wuta ba daidai ba ne aikin kayan aikin gidan lantarki. Gaskiyar cewa wajibi ne a ɗauka don rage yiwuwar wuta da wuta za a tattauna a labarinmu.
Photo: Nighman1965 / fotolia.com
A cikin gidan zamani, har yanzu akwai yawancin na'urori masu haɗari na wuta. Waɗannan sun haɗa da kusan dukkanin dabaru na lantarki, da kuma hanyar sadarwa ta lantarki da kanta ma. Kusan duk masu amfani suna tunanin menene ɗan gajeren da'ira, kuma ku fahimci cewa irin wannan ƙulli na iya haifar da wuta. Kar a sani, amma ba ƙasa da aika rubuce rubuce ba, wanda zai iya faruwa ga dalilai daban-daban.
Kar a manta cewa, bisa ga ƙididdigar mafi girma, mafi yawan adadin gobara ya zama saboda kuskure mara kyau
Dalilai na huxu don overheating
Kuskuren zane. An zaɓi diamita na wiring ɗin da aka zaɓa ba daidai ba. A sashe da aka ba da shawarar na tagulla na taguwar tagwa na haske ya zama aƙalla 1.5 mm²; Don da'awar kwasfa, dole ne akalla 2.5 mm², kuma don haɗa babban na'urorin wuta mai ƙarfi (alal misali, murabba'ai na lantarki), ana buƙatar waya ta ƙarfe ta ɓangare na akalla 6 mm².Yi obalodi
Mafi yawan kaya da aka haɗa da wayoyi, alal misali, injin welding ko heeme na ruwa yana da alaƙa ta hanyar tsawaita gida, tsara don halin gida 16 na yanzu 16 A.
Kada ku haɗa na'urori masu ƙarfi da yawa zuwa tsawa lokaci guda. Hoto: Showcake / fotolia.com
Rushewar zuciyar
Lambar inji na cibiya sau da yawa yana haifar da gaskiyar cewa juriya tana ƙaruwa sosai a wannan fannin, kuma waya a wannan wurin ya fara shawa.
Zaɓi sashen giciye na waya daidai. Hoto: Billionphotos.com/Fotolia.com.
Yanayin da bai dace ba na shigarwa
The rauni na crazms dunƙule ya kuma haifar da karuwa a cikin tsayayyen wutar lantarki da dumama lambar. Rashin daidaitawa na lambobin sadarwa na swites yana haifar da hanyarsu lokacin aiki.
Haɗa wayoyi ta hanyar bidiyo. Hoto: Dima_pics / Fotolia.com
Resi9 2 poent 25 a (schneider na lantarki). Hoto: schneider na lantarki
Kuna iya guje wa matsaloli tare da wiring da ya dace aiki. Da farko dai, ya zama dole a ɗauke da kayan maye da kuma lantarki shigarwa don tsari.
Dukkan hanyoyin sadarwa dole ne a yi amfani da Siyayya, walda, hannayen riga ko birgima na musamman. Haɗin zane daga lokaci zuwa lokaci (sau ɗaya kowane shekaru 2-3) dole ne a bincika, kuma lokacin da aka raunana clamps sosai juya su. Lokacin da maye gurbin samfuran wiring, yana da ma'ana zaɓi samfuran sabon ƙira tare da bazara, ba dunƙule clamps. Irin wannan soket da sauya suna cikin girman manyan masana'antun masana'antun shigarwa na lantarki. Hakanan kyawawa ne cewa rosettes tare da dunƙule claps suna cikin wani wuri mai sauƙi. Kodayake jaraba tana da girma sosai don ɓoye irin wannan soket ɗin a ƙarƙashin mai matasai ko a bayan majalisar, amma ba a ba da shawarar yin hakan ba. In ba haka ba, ba za ku iya lura da yadda soket ɗin zai fara dumin sannu-sannu ba ga raunin claps. Kuma ba shakka, abu ne mai wuya a haɗa zuwa ga abubuwan, ƙididdigewa yawanci a sama sama da 16 a, na'urorin da ƙarfin sama da 3.5-5 kw.
Photo: Auremar / Fotolia.com
Kimanin kayan layout na ƙararrawa na cikin gida dangane da wasan bidiyo na C2000 na COMPE
1 - Controlungiyar kulawa da ikon C2000 m; 2 - Ma'aikatan Wuta Wuta; 3, 6 - Braze da Braze tubalan rushewa da infulating; 4 - Adireshin toshe C2000-KDL; 5 - wadatar wutar lantarki; 7 - Jagorar mai gano kashe gobara; 8 - Alamar sauti; 9 - tafiya da fara toshe; 10 - haske mai siyar da haske. Abun kallo: IGor Smirhaunt / Burton Mai jarida
Layin farko na tsaro
Idan mai gudanar da gudanarwa yana gudana da yawa, yana da matukar mai tsanani. Zai iya lalata kayan lantarki kuma yana haifar da wuta. A matsayin wakili mai kariya, an haɗa wani canjin canjin canjin ciki a cikin wayoyi kafin ya kai dabi'un masu haɗari. Dole ne a sami wani yanki mai lilo na zamani dole ne a sanye shi da kan thermal da lantarki. Lokacin da yawa da yawa aiki kayan aikin lantarki ana haɗa su da cibiyar sadarwa, Lantarki yana faruwa, kuma an kashe injin a ƙungiyar sakin wuta (farantin Bimetallic). Kuma idan saboda saboda rashin amfani da kayan aikin lantarki ko wiring tsakanin bangarorin sarkar, wanda ke ƙarƙashin daban-daban vrtical ya faru faruwa, wani ɗan gajeren da'ira yana faruwa. A wannan yanayin, injin sakin na lantarki yana nakasassu da umarnin sakin lantarki.
Ana kuma amfani da bambance-bambance (VDT), ana amfani da su, wanda, ban da kare mutane daga wutar lantarki da kuma kayan aikin lantarki, idan ƙarami, lokaci mai tsawo, lokaci mai tsawo ana lura da lalacewar yanzu.
Dalili na m sakamako ne da manufa na taƙaitawa (saboda da m kashewa) na halin yanzu da kwarara ta cikin jikin mutum da wani laifi sabõda yãsasshiya m shi to abubuwa a karkashin irin ƙarfin lantarki. Wuta kariya na VDT ne saboda gaskiyar cewa sun, da bambanci ga kewaye wato Ubangiji Yesu Kristi, amsa ga kananan halin yanzu leaks ta lalace rufi da kuma dace, a gaban wuta, cire haɗin gaggawa sashe na lantarki kewaye.
Hayaki firikwensin Rubetek Evo, 120 × 40 mm, 9 V. Photo: Leroy Merlin
Akwai irin wannan sashen da ke cikin sigogin Abb, magudanya, schneider na lantarki da sauran manyan masana'antun. An sanya su a kan jirgin ruwan din.
Kudin daban-daban swites shine kusan dubu 3-6 dubu. Kuma ya dogara da ƙimar lalacewa na yanzu (yawanci 10 ne, 30, 100 ko 300 Ma) da kuma darajar a halin yanzu wanda aka ƙididdige su (yawanci 25 ga a).
Tashi cikin lokaci!
Gudanar da tsarin kashe gobara a cikin gidan masu hankali gidan ana iya yin amfani da kwamfutar hannu. Hoto: Photo.
Idan wutar ta fara, to abu mafi mahimmanci shine gano shi da wuri-wuri kuma ya amsa. Wannan yana amfani da tsarin tsaro da tsarin kashe gobara. Dalili na da irin wannan tsarin ne kula da panel (a karža-kula da na'urar), wanda tafiyar matakai da shigowa bayanai daga na'urorin da alaka zuwa na USB ko ta hanyar wata alama haši mara waya, na nazarin shi kuma, dangane da irin taron, yana aiki daga cikin m algorithms da aka wajabta yayin shirye-shirye.
Matakan shigowar rufaffiyar shigarwa na mai gano mara waya na mara waya tare da canja wurin bayanai ta Wi-Fi
Hoto: Andrey Popov / fotolia.com (3)
Baya ga kwamitin sarrafawa, na'urori masu zuwa na iya haɗa da na'urori masu zuwa a cikin tsarin ƙararrawa na wuta:
- masu binciken hayaki;
- masu ganowa;
- Jami'an jami'ai;
- Maballin shigarwar / abubuwan fitarwa (a cikin tsarin dabbobi, Intanet, sanarwar sms);
- Mazauniyar Ikon Wuta (UPS);
- USB tracks (yi amfani da kebul na Musamman na Musamman.
Canja wurin bayanai. Hoto: Photo.
Har ila yau, wani iri-iri actuators za a iya haɗa da iko na'urar, kamar wani electromechanical kulle, mai saki mashiga kofa ko mai disconnecting-shaye iska gudun ba da sanda. Idan kana da wata wuta, da haska aika wata sigina da iko na'urar, inda jijjiga siginar da aka riga aiko - wannan yana iya zama wata alama don kula da panel, sunã mãsu jũyãwa a kan m alamar ban tsoro ko SMS zuwa ga masu na gida.
Koyar da shigarwa Tsarin kashe gobara yakamata ya zama na musamman da lasisi mai dacewa don shigar da kudade don lafiyar wuta
Zazzabi na zazzabi. Hoto: Photo.
Ana shigar da masu mahimmanci a cikin dukkan ɗakuna a gida, kuma ana iya raba wasu ɗakuna zuwa sassan (bangarorin), an sanya su daban a kowane yanki. Hada su na iya zama rufi ko bango-hawa (kusan 20 cm a ƙasa rufi). Ya kamata a sanya shi a wasu nesa daga farantin ko murhu (babu kusa da 3-4 m) don ban da masoyan karya, don haka akwai menserors na karya, don haka akwai mendoral na musamman waɗanda ke amsawa ga zafi, ba a kan hayaki ba.
Bayan hayaki ya bayyana, firikwensin zai ba da sigina ta atomatik ga kwamitin sarrafawa. Hoto: Fotovito / Fotkytook / Fotolia.com
Ana iya rarraba tsarin cikin adireshin da ba ilimi da adireshi da kuma adireshin. Nau'in farko shine mafi sauki, ƙararrawa zai yi amfani ba tare da nuni wanda musamman firikwensin ya kore shi ba. Irin waɗannan yankuna sun haɗa da karamin adadin na'urori masu auna na'urori (hudu zuwa biyar) kuma an sanya su cikin ƙananan gidaje ko gidajen ƙasa, waɗanda ba za su yi wuya a sami tushen wutan lantarki ba. Amfanin irin wannan tsarin shine low cost: Za'a iya siyan duka saitin kayan aikin don 3-4,000 zaɓi wanda aka shirya a kan siyarwa don 500- 1000 rubles. More hadaddun tsari da kuma yawan tsada mai tsada wanda na'urar sarrafawa ba wai kawai yana ba da ƙararrawa ba, amma kuma yana nuna wanda takamaiman firikwensin ya yi aiki. Wannan ƙirar tana ba ku damar nemo hankalin ku da kyau da kuma karantawa a kan lokacin kirki. Kudin irin wannan tsarin yana farawa daga dunƙulen 5-6.
Tsarin amincin wuta ya cika da kyamarorin bidiyo. Hoto: Kange Studio / Fotolia.com
Irin wannan tsarin za a iya amfani da duka a cikin hanyar hadaddun kowane mutum kuma a matsayin bangaren tsarin tsarin wayo. A cikin sigar ta ƙarshe, kuma ƙararrawa na kashe gobara kuma tana ƙara zama "mai hankali." Misali, lokacin da siginar haɗari ke faruwa, tsarin gida mai wayewa yana da ikon yin ƙararrawa, amma kuma kashe gas da wutar lantarki a cikin hadarin. Kuma sa ido na bidiyo na iya yin hoto na mai da hankali na wuta kuma ka aika zuwa wayar mai shi.
Ana sanya masu binciken hayaki don haka don kawar da martaninsu na karya, galibi ana shigar dasu a rufin. Hoto: AA + w / fotolia.com
Raka'a guda sarkar
DUK WUTA KYAUTA KYAUTA YANA SAMU ZUCIYA TAFIYA TAFIYA. A rayuwar yau da kullun, ana amfani da wuraren da aka yi amfani da hayaki. Hayaƙi, fadowa cikin tsarin firikwensin na gani, sake shigar da katako na LED a cikin irin wannan hanyar da ta shiga hoto - kuma an sa hannu. Wata nau'in na'urori da aka yi amfani da su a rayuwar yau da kullun shine masu aikin zane-zane. Mafi sauki yana haifar lokacin da ƙimar zafin jiki ya isa, da kuma amfani da mafi cikakken amsa kuma a cikin haɓaka darajar yawan zafin jiki; Irin waɗannan firikwensin sun fi abin dogara, amma kuma suna da tsada. Nau'in firikwensin na uku - masu binciken Carbon Monoxide. A matsakaici, farashin kayan siyarwar gidan hayaki shine daga 200 rubles. har zuwa dubu 5-6 na dunƙulewa; Wired da ke da na'urori masu amfani da su suna da arha fiye da ƙira tare da watsa bayanai mara waya. Akwai cikakkun bayanai masu tsada da cikakkun bayanai, kamar su buɗe masu gano wuta ko masu binciken rediyo waɗanda suka cancanci rayuwar dunƙu, amma ba sa amfani da rayuwar yau da kullun.
Photo: Constantin / Fotolia.com
Hukumar kashe wutar ta haɗe
Ana amfani da ayyukan kashe gobarar wuta a matsayin na farko wuta mai kashe. Tabbas, don fitar da gidan ƙonewa tare da taimakonsu ba zai yi aiki ba, amma a farkon matakin wuta suna iya yin tasiri.
Yi aiki tare da wutar lantarki carbon dioxide. Photo: Peefay / fotolia.com
Don haka, wutar lantarki ta killace wakili mai fada da wuta, ta zama dole a zabi samfurin da ya dace daidai gwargwadon nauyin stewing abu don kowane yanki 25 m2
Kafin jujjuya wutar wuta, kuna buƙatar jan lafiyar aminci daga soket. Photo: Jayzynis / Fotolia.com
Akwai nau'ikan cocin wuta da yawa, mafi yawan iska-emulsion, carbon dioxide, jirgin ruwa-kumfa. Dukkansu suna da nasu iyawa da kuma ikon yin amfani da aikace-aikace.
Hoto: Andrey Popov / fotolia.com
Air-kumfa wuta na kashe kashe kashe kashe daskararru mai kauri, mai zafi mai zafi, mai. Wadannan samfuran ba za a iya amfani dasu don kashe kayan lantarki ba a karkashin ƙarfin lantarki. Air-emulsion kashe kashe kashe iska sunada cikakke kuma, kamar yadda ake kashe wutar kashe wuta, sun dace da ciyar da kowane nau'in kafafun gida. Carbon dioxide wutar murhun wuta ta hade da sauran nau'ikan a cikin gaskiyar cewa carbon dioxide baya barin burbushi a kan kayan aiki da masana'anta, don haka ba lallai ba ne don mayar da tsari bayan amfani da wutar dioxide. Abin takaici, wannan nau'in ba shi da kyau tare da ciyar da daskararrun wurare, saboda haka amfani da duniya yana da mafi kyawun amfani da kayan iska-emulsion.
Hoto: Andrey Popov / fotolia.com
A cikin tsarin tsaro na wuta mai wayo na gida, hayaki, firikwensin zazzabi, ana shigar da na'urori masu aikin motsa jiki. Misali, tsarin insyte a cikin yanayin da kullun yana gaban hayaki, matakin zazzabi, da siginar zazzabi daga na'urori masu motsa jiki. A cikin batun lokacin da tsarin ya gano hayaki, yawan zafin jiki ya wuce 60 ° C, da kuma ci gaba da nuna alamar wakilai ta atomatik, uwar garken wuta da dukkanin bangarorin wuta da dukkanin bangarorin wuta da dukkanin bangarorin wuta Bugu da kari, aikin atomatik yana ba da sanarwar masu kayatarwa ta hanyar duk masu magana da ke da ke cikin, yana kashe iska kuma yana kiyaye matakin gabatarwa, rage matakin lalacewa. Theararrawa wuta azaman wani ɓangaren gidan mai wayo yana biyan abokin ciniki mai rahusa, saboda ba a buƙatar siyan wani tsarin sarrafa na'urorin, amma ana amfani da kayan gida mai wayo. A lokaci guda, daidaito da daidaito na gano gobara da hayaki ne mai mahimmanci saboda amfani da kowane nau'in masu son kai tsaye, kuma ba hayaki ba, kamar yadda cikin tsarin kashe gobara.
Alexey Kychkin
Daraktan Kwastancin Kimiyya
