Njira zomalizira denga la bafa ndi zida zosagonjetseka. Kuyimitsidwa, mchira ndikutulutsa. Kukhazikitsa Tesite Katswiri Wamalonda.
Chithunzi chojambulidwa ndi Konstantina Duborots
Kuyimitsa kosasinthika (ndodo, mabatani, waya wandiweyani) amakupatsani mwayi kuti musinthe mtunda pakati pa denga, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zitheke kusokonekera ndikupanga mawonekedwe a mitundu yambiri
Chithunzi George Shablovsky
Zolinga zakale zimasonkhanitsidwa kuchokera ku njanji zazitali, zomwe zimasiyana mlifupi, kusintha, kapangidwe kake (matte kapena galasi)
Chithunzi zinur ranidovnova
Kuphatikiza denga pogwiritsa ntchito zingwe zowoneka bwino. Kuwala kwamkati kumawululira zojambula zawo
Chithunzi Vittaly Nefdova
Mawonekedwe olimba agalasi, matani owoneka bwino, osamba ndi nkhope ya Mose ... kusinthana mkati mwa bafa kumafanana ndi ndege yoyera
Chithunzi chojambulidwa ndi Peter Lebedev
Ndife nyumba ya "rustic", ngati kuli kotheka, kupewedwa kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zojambula
Chithunzi mikhail stejinova
Kuwala kwachilengedwe - kulibe bafa
Chithunzi Vittaly Nefdova
Bamboo Ovekedwa mu bafa pamapeto
Chithunzi George Shablovsky
Ikani kalilole pakhoma lonse, khazikitsani denga la denga, ndipo chinyengo cha malo okwezeka chidzachitike
Zithunzi zokongola za denga ndi zojambula zamakompyuta: malo opukusa akuuluka kumbuyo kwa malo okhala ayezi. Panjira ya chinsalu imadutsa malo okwera, okongoletsedwa ndi zokongoletsedwa ndi antique antiquer ndi magetsi omangidwa ndi nyali
Chithunzi cha Karen Manko
Makina amdima amdima a buluu amathandizira kusamba kwachi bafa, kusokonezeka ndi lacon
Chithunzi mikhail stejinova
Kuphatikiza mitsinje ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndikusintha mayendedwe - kupeza bwino pa bafa ili
Chithunzi chojambulidwa ndi Dmitry Minkina
Makina oyimitsidwa oyimitsidwa a centuglas
Kukhazikika kwamitundu yambiri kwa kasinthidwe kumapangidwa ndi pulasitala. Kusiyana kwa mulingo kumayendetsedwa ndi kuwala
"Star Sky" pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wamimba ndikugwiritsa ntchito mandala a Swarnovski
PVC Filimu Matenda a PVC imasokonekera ku madzi ndi chinyezi chachikulu, kotero imatha kukhazikitsidwa kuchipinda chonyowa popanda zoletsa
Kutambalala kwamitengo kumatha kukhazikitsidwa mchipinda chamiyala osiyanasiyana, kupanga magulu ambiri
Kukhazikitsa kwa denga la denga
Panthawi yomanga ndi kukonza malo okhala ndi chinyezi chachikulu, ndikofunikira kusamalira mwapadera kusankha kwa zida, chifukwa onse ayenera kukana zowononga madzi. Mwanjira ina, khalani onyozeka. Kupatula ndipo iwo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kumaliza ma celes.
Mafoni onyowa ali m'nyumba momwe chinyezi cha mpweya chimaposa chizindikiritso chokhazikika (60%). Mabukuwa amaphatikiza mapesi, saunas ndi kusamba (chinyezi (chinyezi cha oposa 90%), makhitchini, minda yozizira (70-80%), zimbudzi. Pamwamba pa denga, kuwonjezera pa kulumikizana kwa mpweya, kumatha kulumikizana ndi madzi (mwachitsanzo, kusamba) kapena kunena, ndi madontho akuthwa kwa kutentha).
Zokutira ndi kukana molakwika kwakanthawi kanthawi kuyamba kukoma, kenako denga limasunga, kapena kuwonongeratu, zotsatira za bowa ndi mabakiteriya. Zofunikira zina zowoneka bwino komanso zolimbitsa thupi, kukana moto, chilengedwe chokwanira, kuphweka kosiyirana mogwirizana ndi akulu omwe amaperekedwa chifukwa cha denga lachikhalidwe.
Madero amatha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri. A Clerva akuphatikizapo iwo omwe omwe amaliza ndi odzaza palokha. Chifukwa cha kapangidwe kawo, pali njira zochepa chabe (mwachitsanzo, kupatuka popata ndi utoto, kumamatira kwa zokongoletsera zokongoletsera; chifukwa malo opangira matabwa ndikukonzanso mapangidwe osiyanasiyana). Gulu lachiwiri likuphatikizanso malo omanga, pomanga zomanga zowonjezera malinga ndi mapulaneti atsopano (kuyimitsidwa, cortex ndikutambalala).
Wopaka utoto
Utoto - njira yachikhalidwe komanso yotsika mtengo yotsiriza padenga. Ntchito zimachitika makhoma pamaso pa khomalo. Zigawo zakale zokutidwa zimachotsedwa, kenako pitani pakukonzanso maziko. Tsatanetsatane ukadaulo wa njira yokonzekera ikufotokozedwera m'nkhaniyo "mudakali oyera?".Zipangizo zapadera zokha ndizoyenera kuzimitsa denga m'bafa. Amadziwikanso utoto wa malo onyowa. Izi zitha kukhala zophatikizika pa acrylic, latex kapena silika, madzi osiyana, komanso utoto wamafuta.
Mu msika waku Russia, zotupa zamadzi zomwe zimaperekedwa kwambiri: ubweya Kuche (AcMator), Germany), Netherlands), akhatherland (Dyo, Turkey). Ena, monga a dystop (dro), akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngakhale paiwisi. Kuchokera pazinthu zapakhomo timayitanitsa zinthu zoterezi kukhala "A-25" a Akron-B, "Raduga M4" kuchokera ku Rick.
Madelu nthawi zambiri amapangidwa oyera, kapena powonjezera odzipha apadera kuti apangidwe, utokha mu kamvekedwe ka khoma. Ngati utoto ulibe zigawo za Antifungal, mutha kugula yankho lapadera (kunena, chishango champhamvu champhamvu kuchokera ku ICI chopatuluka, United Kingdom; kugwiritsa ntchito 1 l-) ndikuwakonzanso malo onse. Kuti mukwaniritse ndi denga loyenerera, lidzayenera kulipira kuchokera ku $ 10 ya 1m2 (poganizira za ntchito, osaganizira kufunika kwa zida).
Kuphatikiza pa utoto, pali magawo onse a madelungs mu zipinda zonyowa, mwachitsanzo, tikkur lujarila chovuta chomwe chimapangidwira ku bafa. Msonkhanowu umaphatikizapo zinthu zinayi: chinyezi chofukiza chomata, chinyezi chofukiza chofukiza, fiberglass Wallpaper, acrylili Luja Luja. Ntchito zimachitika m'magawo angapo: choyamba ikani osanjikiza, ndiye kuti guluu logonjetsedwa ndi galasi limakhazikika ndi galasi. Pakatha tsiku, chinyontho chouluka chimayikidwa pamwamba pa pepalalo ndi wodzigudubuza ndipo pambuyo pake pambuyo pa utoto wa utoto. Ngati mukufuna kusinthitsa denga m'mbuyomu kuposa kutha kwa alumali moyo wa alumali, mutha kungoika utoto watsopano. Pamwamba pamtunduwu munjira iyi ndi yoyenera kusamba osati bata wamba, komanso zofooka zamphamvu, kuphatikiza mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Utoto womwe umatha kupirira oposa 10,000 amadutsa ndi burashi. Mtengo 1l - kuyambira $ 7. Makina oyambira osakhazikika (osasinthika a Tackfarg) amaperekanso chiwongola dzanja cha Sweden.
Zovuta za denga la utoto ndikufunika kugwira ntchito yayitali kwambiri pokonzekera bwino kwambiri, mwayi wowoneka bwino wa kumaliza kwake ndikupezeka kwa zida.
Wophatikizidwa padenga
"Zomatira", "Malipiro", "Malipiro" - Mayina onsewa ogwirizana ndi mtundu womwewo wa zomaliza za denga ndiogulitsa zomangira. Tikulankhula za denga, pamalo osalala omwe mabatani osiyanasiyana okongoletsa a polystyrene ambale, galasi, cork kapena masamba owoneka bwino kapena matayala a ceramic.
Malonda ochokera kunja kwa polystyrene ndiwotchuka kwambiri (kapena, monga amatchulidwira, Strofoamu). Ma module otalika okha ndi oyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zipinda zonyowa. Njira yopitilira, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga awo, imalola kuti pakhale kuchuluka kwakukulu (pafupifupi 70kg / m3) ndi kufanana ndi zinthuzo, motero chifukwa chake mbalameyo. Popanga ma mbale okhala ndi njira zina, kusunthira ndi jekeseni - kapangidwe kawo sikupezeka ndi modabwitsa kotero, ndipo zokutira zimatha kuyamwa chinyezi.
Mbale zokhala ndi zotayika ndizosavuta kusiyanitsa mawonekedwe: nkhopeyo ndi yosalala, kapangidwe kanyumba, munthawi yonseyi, gululi ndilofanana ndi matayala a chokoleti champhamvu. Kulondola kwa zida zotakata zam'matambo ndi jakisoni ali ndi mawonekedwe a kambane omwe ali ndi kamba ka kakulidwe kakuti, wowoneka bwino ngakhale pakukhudza. Zogulitsa zimasiyananso m'matumba: Kutalika - 2,5-3mm, stampeck- 6-7mm, jakisoni - 10mm. Kukula kwa ma module mu opanga zonse ndizofanana - 500500mm. Kulunjika zinthu zina kumapezekanso makona akona 16.5 mm mulifupi ndi 1000 mm kutalika, komanso zigawo za denga 1000-1500mm. Mtundu wotchuka kwambiri, mitundu yosiyanasiyana pano imakwaniritsidwa chifukwa chazomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha mafakitale ena (m'makampani a catalogs amaperekedwa kwa zosankha zingapo). Ngakhale, ngati angafune, mutha kusankha ndi mitundu, kuphatikizapo kutsanzira nkhuni, nsalu kapena miyala.
Msika waku Russia lero umaperekedwa makamaka ndi mbale zapakhomo: "Zidutswa", "Gwero Lake-Derthalttenten (Germany) . Mtengo wa mapanelo oyera - pafupifupi 40 rubles / m2, utoto- pafupifupi 60-70 rubles / m2.
Mapulogalamu a polystyrene amabowola pamunsi chilichonse - konkriti, njerwa, zotchinga, matabwa (makamaka ndi prider). Mukamaliza malo akale, ndizofunikira kuchotsa malo operekera utoto, sikofunikira kulingalira utoto wonse. Ndikwabwino kugwiritsa ntchito guluu la polystyrene kapena kuwonongeka kwapadera kwa nyumba ya ku Russia (kumenyedwa kwa kampani yaku Russia "ya Biguant DAFTER Marbet Idr.). M'malo mwake, simudatsimikizika kuti simudzawononga tiilo, ndipo pambuyo pake mutha kuzimitsa. Ndikosavuta kusamalira denga la odetsedwa: kumangofunika nthawi ndi nthawi kuti mukwaniritse zonyowa.
Ngakhale kuthamanga, kusewera polystyrene ndikosavuta kusungunuka (pamatenthedwe apamwamba 80c, zomwe zayamba kusokonekera). Chifukwa chake, siziyenera kupezeka khoma la khoma komanso padenga patali kwambiri kuposa 20-30 cm kuchokera pansi. Mapazi otenthetsera madzi, monga machitidwe amachitira umboni, musayankhe mokwanira polystyrene, ndipo gululo litha kukhazikitsidwa ngakhale pafupi ndi mapaipi. Oyambitsa samalimbana ndi zovuta za okhazikika (mafuta, turbidar, acetone idr), koma zonenepa zochokera ku mbale zoyera zimatsutsidwa ndi mowa. Zolondola, polsstyrene chimphona chochita zojambula, zomwe zimaswa mafani a zachilengedwe. Ogula nthawi zambiri amadandaula za kusiyana kwakukulu mu kukula kwa mbale kuchokera ku gulu limodzi.
Kugwiritsa ntchito magalasi ndi amodzi mwa njira zabwino kwambiri komanso zotsika mtengo zomaliza kukhazikitsa padenga m'chipinda chonyowa. Ubwino wogwiritsa ntchito ndi kuthekera kwa madontho angapo (nthawi 10-15) ndi moyo wautumiki wautali (mpaka zaka 20-30). Msika waku Russia wapereka zida zagalasi opanga zotere za ku Europe ngati Baumax (Germany), iht rgglas hgt (Austria), Fintex (Freland). Mtengo wa mpukutuwu ndi 50m, kuchokera 800 rubles. Zolemba zapamwamba ndi zosiyanasiyana: parquet, rhombbus, diquoonal, mtengo wa Khrisimasi, Rhozhod.
Mutha kumamatira padenga m'bafa ndipo matayala a nkhumba amathandizidwa ndi zosankha zapadera. Zitsanzo zapadera za padenga sizikupezeka pogulitsa, kuti apite onse akunja ndi akhoma kuchokera pa pulagi. Izi, mwa njirayi ili ndi katundu wabwino kwambiri. Momwemonso, "Sitimalingana ndi" zofunda zosayamira madzi kapena matayala wamba amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Kuchotsa Zovala Zakale
Pali njira zitatu zazikulu zochotsera zokutira zakale: Makina (kukangana ndi mabulashi, kupezeka ndi khungu lopukutira), kutentha kwapadera), thermopystole; utoto wa mafuta Amachotsedwanso njira ya Derovo, atawola pansi ndi chitsulo chachizolowezi kudzera mu aluminium zojambulazo) ndi mankhwala, omwe makampani aku Russia, ndi anthu akunja amatulutsa zitsulo zambiri. Timatumikiranso zitsanzo zochepa chabe: Tikiya ndi mapingusi a leimfarbenar (pufas, Germany), DFA Abbezer (Mefcart, Germany).
Matabwa
Madambo a matabwa m'bafa ndi njira yoyenera yothetsera nyumba zakunyumba, komwe sikofunikira kupatukana ndi zida zilizonse zosamera. Cholinga chake ndi njira yogwirira ntchito ndi mtengowo, mwachitsanzo, kukonzekera kwa maderocal ndi kukonzekera kwa madzi komwe kumateteza kuti mtengowo usakhale ndi chinyezi komanso kuvunda, komanso kuchokera kufalikira kwa bum- tizirombo. Cholinga ichi chingagwiritsidwe ntchito, nenani, ndi BB-11 Biognevoshet, Russia; Russia-60 rubles. / Kg, 16kg- 166 Puble. Mu 2-3 zigawo); Kuphatikiza kwa kukonzekera "sottts" ndi "mafinya" opangidwa ndi rogneda (65 Rubles / l). Kukonza zinthuzo kuli bwino isanayambe, koma kumawononga ndalama zambiri.Kukambirana kwakanthawi kochepa kwa sing'anga ndi kusamba, komwe, komwe kumakhala kumakoma ndi jenda, mawonekedwe awo amawombera ndi chinyontho. Apa, mtengo (kupatula zinthu zabwino kwambiri za saunas) ziyenera kuthandizidwa ndi nyimbo zapadera zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, kuphatikizidwa kwa teflex sauna kuchokera ku kampani "bioprrotect" kapena kapangidwe kake potengera supu-sunasuojea firtila (Finland). Ngakhale akatswiri ena amalimbikitsa mwamphamvu kuchoka pamtengo mumphepete mwa madzi oyera ndipo osachiphimba ndi mankhwala aliwonse. Amafotokoza izi posalephera kukwaniritsa kusakhalapo kwathunthu kwa "chemistry."
Kuyimitsidwa
Ili ndi kachitidwe kokhala ndi chimanga chachitsulo kuyimitsidwa kuti lizithamangitsidwa, ndipo ma module omaliza (njanji, ma mbale, ma canels, ma casette), omwe amapanga pamwamba pa maziko.
Dongosolo loyimitsidwa, kapena chimango, ndiye maziko a denga limayimitsidwa. Dongosolo la magetsi akulu, zowongolera, zinthu zamphamvu ndi kuyimilira. Kusintha kosasinthika (ndodo, mabatani, waya wandiweyani) amakupatsani mwayi kuti musinthe mtunda pakati pa denga. Kapangidwe kameneka kamapangitsa kuti zitheke kusanja, pangani mawonekedwe a mitundu yambiri, gwiritsani ntchito malo omwe amapangitsa kuti muyankhe zolumikizira ndi kukhazikitsa nyali. Utoto wokhazikika woyimilira - zoyera, palinso zosankha zotsogoleredwa ndi Chrome, pansi pa golide, mtundu. M'lifupi mwa malangizo wamba ndi 15 ndi 24mm. KBBASSS SURD OGINGERS imalumikizidwa mothandizidwa ndi ma doko ndi zomangira.
Zojambula zamtchire zimasonkhanitsidwa kuchokera kumitsinje yayitali, yomwe imatha kukhala yopingasa, kutalika, masinthidwe, mawonekedwe (matte kapena galasi. Ma module oyandikana nawo amatha kusonkhanitsa cholumikizira, kuti agawidwe mu kulowetsa kapena ali kutali kwambiri kuchokera wina ndi mnzake (motsatira, mawonekedwe otseguka, mawonekedwe otseguka otseguka amapezeka). Fomu yokhotakhota (yopangidwa pafakitale yomwe ili pansi pa dongosolo la kasitomala) limakupatsani mwayi wopanga denga. Kuphatikiza apo, mu kapangidwe kake, ma module a mawonekedwe owongoka komanso opindika, mitundu yosiyanasiyana, nyali zimayika ndikuyika mabatani ophatikizika. Kutalika kwa mabedi ndi 6m, m'lifupi - kuyambira 30 mpaka 300 mm, wandiweyani - kuyambira 0,3mm. Amapangidwa ndi zilonda za aluminiyamu kapena chitsulo choloza, zipinda zonyowa ndikulimbikitsidwa kusankha aluminium. Zogulitsa zimapezeka mu mawonekedwe onse opanga madontho othamanga: Armststrong (USA), Germany), Sermey), Albalis (Rusland) .
Mtengo wa kuthamanga kwa kupanga kwa Russia ndi $ 10-20 pa 1m2, zitsanzo zakunja - $ 20-40 pa 1m2, mtengo wa ma 3m2. Kuwona kutaya kwa njanji kuyenera kuchotsedwa ndi kuwuma, kenako kubwerera kumalo; Kutseguka kotseguka kudzauma popanda kufooka. Chifukwa cha zothandiza zake pakugwira ntchito, madelu oyimitsidwa ndi otchuka kwambiri ndi ogula ndipo amakhazikitsidwa makamaka m'bafa.
Makina osinthana mumsika wathu amayimiriridwa ndi miyezo iwiri. Malinga ndi ku European, maselo am'malo amakhala ndi miyeso ya 600600mm, ndi ma module 595595mm. American - 610610 ndi 605605m, motero. Makina ali paliponse ndipo amalola kugwiritsa ntchito mbale za muyezo umodzi kuchokera kwa opanga osiyanasiyana.
Mitundu ikuluikulu ya madontho oyimitsidwa:
B -NALN;
Machy Module;
g-malata;
DBR;
Etzset.
Zosiyanasiyana zimapangidwa ndi zida zosiyanasiyana: zitsulo (chitsulo kapena aluminiyamu), nkhuni, zakudya, micherglass), pulasitiki, Driewall. Palibe zoletsa pakugwiritsa ntchito zitsulo zachitsulo zonyowa (zopangidwa ndi Albes, Russia; mafilimu), mafilimu), Hollo Plasy; Slovakia; retxiglas, Germany; "Orcseklo", Russia). Mapulogalamu ochokera ku zinthu zina ayenera kutero kwenikweni ndi kukana kwa osachepera 95% (komanso maolo - 100%). Izi ndi zotere zomwe zimapangidwa ndi micher yatsopano ya Newtone ndi Ceroraguard kuchokera ku Armststrong, yomwe imatha kukhala yolimba kwambiri ndi madzi; Mimba ya fibrous yotupa ya fibractic ndi mbale kuchokera ku mchere wa thermatex yopangidwa ndi Amf. Muyeneranso kutchulanso ma module a pop-g -glass (ecophoni, Sweden) yokutidwa ndi kanema wa PVC kuchokera kutsogolo, ndi ma module a cheneral anrac rade (USG, USA). Makulidwe a zinthuzo amatengera nkhani yomwe amapangidwira: Kuchokera pa 0,5 mm (menillic) mpaka 20-30 mm (kuchokera ku micher ya mchere). Pamwamba pake pamatha kukhala ndi mtundu wina, kukhala wosalala kapena wosalala, matte, glossy kapena kalilore. Kutulutsa zida kapena magawo awo omwe amasinthidwa ndi nyali. Mtengo wa zinthu zachokera $ 11 ya 1M2.
Mtundu woyambirira wa bungwe la denga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ma module owoneka bwino kuchokera ku recexaglas. 600600mm matailosi ophatikizidwa ndi dongosolo loyimitsidwa, kuti apange zokongoletsera zagalasi yopanda matayala, kapangidwe kaziyaka ndi kuwunikira kwamkati. Mtengo wazinthu zotere ndi wokwera - kuchokera $ 100 mpaka $ 500 pa 1m2, zomwe zimagwirizana kwathunthu ndi zomwe zili. Mawopi owoneka bwino agalasi a Venetian amawononga ndalama zambiri.
Zomera za matayala kuchokera kumata, ma cassette, ma cell, ma mbale ndi mapasi nawo amakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso nthawi zambiri kumanda ndi nyumba zawo. Palibe zinthu zokongoletsera zokongoletsera zokongoletsera zamitengo kapena zolaula. Zovuta zonse zamitundu yoyimitsidwa ndikuti amadya masentimita 15-15 kutalika kwa chipindacho. Ubwino wawo wa kusuntha, kuthekera kwa kusinthaku ndikubisikirana zokhudzana ndi kulumikizana.
Gawo lamkati la kapangidwe ka kayendedwe katatu. Kusintha kuchokera ku gawo limodzi kupitako kumakongoletsedwa ndi thandizo la mbale yogulira (yopangidwa motsogozedwa ndi lamulo):
1. Mutu Wotsogolera
2. Kuwongolera Kokhazikika
3. Kuyimitsidwa
4. Kuyimitsidwa
5. Kubowola Module
6.Ninger gulu
7.shore mbiri ya Kesson
Steer Dede
Zovala zimatchedwa magulu omwe onyamula (zitsulo, mbiri) amaphatikizidwa mwachindunji mpaka pansi pa denga la denga, osapachikika, monga mu mapulogalamu oyimitsidwa. Chifukwa chake, mtunda pakati pa denga la nyumba ndi wokhazikika umangotsimikiza pokhapokha ndi makulidwe a chonyamulira cha chimango. Nthawi zambiri ma piellogic roll (ofanana ndi oyimilira a Runwall Cellings (kapangidwe kake) kuchokera ku plasterboard ma sheet ndi chitsulo kapena matabwa). Pa malo onyowa, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito chinyezi chonyowa (ndikulemba chizindikiro cha HCCV). Mapepala ake, mosiyana ndi imvi wamba, amapaka utoto wobiriwira. Mu msika waku Russia, Glcv imapereka gyproc (United Kingdom) ndi "Knif-Gypsum" (Russia). Ma sheet apamwamba a ma sheet - 25001200 ndi 30001200mm ndi makulidwe a 12.5 mm (nthawi zambiri 90.5 ndi 6mm). Mtengo - kuchokera 70 rubles / m2. Mutha kunyamulanso zinthu zamankhwala zomwe zimapangidwira malo onyowa (Gvlv).Kuwala konyowa kumayatsidwa mosavuta ndipo pambuyo pouma kumatenga mawonekedwe. Katunduyu wa zinthuzo umagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zigawo zovuta za geometric pamwamba (zipilala, matayala, madenga angapo). Mangani kuchokera ku Clac lero ndi otchuka - ndi otsika mtengo, amakulolani kuti mupange kapangidwe kake ndikuwakonzekeretsa. Kuvala ndege ya mudenga imasonkhanitsidwa kuchokera pamasamba angapo, seaams ikumira ndi nthiti ya chisindikizo ndi kukonzedwa. Pambuyo pake, malowo ayenera kukhala okonzeka ndikuphimbidwa ndi utoto uliwonse (zojambula zonse ziyenera kupangidwira kuti zizigwiritsidwa ntchito zipinda zonyowa).
"Nyenyezi zakumwamba"
M'bafa, thambo la nyenyezi "liziwoneka choyambirira. Ichi ndi mawonekedwe otambalala a kanema wa PVC yamtundu wakuda, wokhala ndi makina a nyali zazing'onoting'ono. Pali matekinoloje angapo popanga "thambo":
1. Kuthandizira ukadaulo wamatumbo wam'matumbo. Fiberni ikhoza kuyikidwanso ndi ndege yoluka m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Choyamba, pitani kudzera pachinsalu pansipa ndi 10-50cm (filimuyi imasungidwa isanayambike). Poterepa, chiwonetsero cha kuwunika fiber pamalopo chimayambitsa zokongoletsera zowonjezera. Kachiwiri, bweretsani nsonga za ulusi wa mapiketi mpaka pamlingo umodzi wokhala ndi denga (filimuyo imaboola). Chingwe chachitatu ndi chiberekero kuchokera kumbali yakumbuyo ya canvas pafupi ndi pamwamba pake (filimuyo siyikupezeka). Masana amayatsa denga lotere ndi gawo lachilendo.
2. Kukonkha ngati zinthu zowala za kampani ya ku Austriay ku Austriavski. Ndi kuyatsa kwachilengedwe, kumawala bwino, madzulo amapereka kuwala kwa utawaleza. Kukula kwa mandala kumapereka mkati mwa ma cartrididges a matabwa a fiber. Ndikothekanso kuphatikiza mandala ndi zingwe zamimba.
3. akukayikira madabwa omwe akuwonetsedwa pamtunda wa dengalo ndikuwoneka ngati mababu tating'onoting'ono. Amayikidwa mu zolumikizira zapadera ndipo amafunikira gwero lapadera lamphamvu. Pulogalamu ya mapulogalamu imakupatsani mwayi wokhazikitsa mitundu 10 ya madoodes.
Tambasulani padenga
Kumata kwa mapangidwe ndi filimu yopyapyala kapena minofu, yotambalala pa chimango chapadera (Coguette). Baguette imayikidwa pamtunda wa denga kapena mozungulira makoma ndipo, kutengera njira yokhazikika, imatha kuwoneka kapena yobisika. Ndege yotsatirayi ndiyosalala ndipo imawoneka ngati malo olimba. Mapulogalamu oterewa omwe amapangidwa ndi mafilimu a PVC kapena nsalu za polyester zimapangidwa, chimango nthawi zonse chimapangidwa ndi aluminiyamu kapena pvc, koma okhazikika kuposa filimu. Code ndi kuchuluka kwa chinyezi chowoneka ngati chinyezi chambiri ndizopanda chitetezo, zomwe zimakhazikitsidwa mchipinda chonyowa popanda zoletsa. Ndi kutaya kuchokera kumwamba, nsaluyo imasunga, ndikupanga kuwira. Malinga ndi opanga, zinthuzo zimathamangira katundu wa 100l / M2, mayeso othandiza omwe a Mac-C, adawonetsa zotsatira zapamwamba mpaka 170L / m2. Mutha kukoka madziwo kudzera mu dzenje lofananira kudzera dzenje la nyale (ngati denga limakhala ndi kuwala komangidwa) kapena kuchokera ku ngodya imodzi yolumikizidwa, yomwe mudalipo Inde, zoona, ndizofunikira kuyitanira katswiri). Nsalu youma imatenthedwa, ndipo denga limabwezeretsa mavuto ake.
Choyipa cha filimu ya PVC ndikuti sizikhala ndi chisanu, pamatenthedwe pansi 0s, zinthuzi zimakhala zolimba komanso zosalimba, zimayamba kugwetsa kutentha kokha pansipa -4 Chifukwa chake, ngati muyika nyumba yotambalala m'nyumba ya dzikolo popanda kutentha kwanyengo, khalani atcheru: Yesetsani kuwomba moto ndi zinthu zakuthwa mpaka malo osathamangira.
Msika waku Russia ukupereka mafayilo ambiri omwe amapereka masamba otambalala a PVC: Barre, Carre Noir, Grupha, Newsland, Stuther), Scremat (GRAMAMA). Kudula kwa nsalu polyester kumangopanga kampani imodzi yokha, Swiss Clipso.
Kusiyana kwakukulu pakupanga mapangidwe a madeloni a PVC kuchokera kwa opanga sichoncho. Atatenthedwa pamwamba 65с, kuchuluka kwa zinthuzo kumawonjezeka, ndipo kumakhala kolakwika bwino, malowa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhazikitsa denga.
Nyumbazi zitha kusiyanasiyana ndi njira yofulumira komanso njira yokoka chinsalu (katuni ndi zojambula ndi zopanda cholakwika, chingwe komanso cam). Ndi ntuponi njira (Barre 13 Carre Noir, Mlingo, Extenzo, Newmat), zokutidwa), zokutira zimapangidwa mogwirizana ndi chipinda chokwanira 10-15%. M'malo obwerera, Hardet imamezedwa m'mphepete mwa kuwonongeka kokonzedwa. Ndi njira yonyamula ndalama, miyeso yosamala siyofunikira, chinthucho chimangoperekedwa kumalowo, kutentha mpaka 70s ndikukhota kulowa mu Baguette.
Kutambalala kwamitengo kumatha kukhazikitsidwa m'zipinda za masinthidwe osiyanasiyana, kupanga magulu ambiri, zipilala ndi mipiringidzo.
Mangani zopangidwa ndi ma clips a polyester aikidwa kutentha kwa firiji. Mtundu, mosiyana ndi zokutira filimu, zimapangidwa mutakhazikitsa. Chovalacho ndi zinthu zosalimba chisanu ndipo sizimawopa kutentha, koma ndizosatheka kupanga zotsekemera za mawonekedwe ovuta nawo.
Mtunda wocheperako womwe ungaphatikizidwe ndi denga la denga kuchokera pansi, ndi 0,5-3cm (kutengera dongosolo lachangu).
Mukakhala ndi mawonekedwe otambasula mu magetsi omangidwa, nyale iliyonse (nthawi zambiri imayikidwa pogwiritsa ntchito kuyimitsidwa kwina, ndipo mabowo amadulidwa mozungulira ndi matenthedwe apadera mphete. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito nyali ndikutha kwa 60w (nyali za incandescent) ndi mpaka 35 (Halogen). Kukhazikitsa magwero okwera kwambiri, zowonjezera zowonjezera zimafunikira pakati pa nkhani ya nyali ndi ndege ya dengalo yokhazikika, mwanjira ina filimuyo imangosungunuka.
Mtengo wa denga la nyumba ndi kuchokera pa $ 30 kwa 1T2, kuphatikiza kukhazikitsa, ndipo kukhalapo kwa masamba opanga kumawonjezera kuchuluka kwa $ 80s1m2.
Otsatsa zikomo pakampani "divite", "karee", "a Karee Souire", "nyengo ya", "nyengo ya" Ekl ndi Orde ","