Kutentha ndi kutentha kwa madzi pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu za dzuwa ndizotheka m'dziko lathu la masika. Timanena kuti chizungu ndi chiyani komanso momwe mungasankhire pa kanyumba.
Lingaliro la osonkhanirana ndi losavuta - rays ya dzuwa limatentha madzi oyenda machubu omwe amapangidwa ndi zinthu zosangalatsa. Mwanjira imeneyi, ndizotheka kupeza bwino madzi otentha a Dacha amafunika. Makamaka a Heliousystems amagwira ntchito chilimwe. Pakadali pano, thanki ya pulasitiki yokongola ya pulasitiki yomwe imatha kuthana ndi gawo la madzi otentha kuposa ma achesi ambiri ndikusangalala ndi nyumba yosambira. Koma mphamvu ya dzuwa imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito komanso moyenera.
Kodi osonkhanitsa a Heliousystem akonzedwa bwanji?
Heliousystem amakono amakonzedwa motere. Dzuwa ladzuwa limatenthedwa ndi osonkhanira madzi ozizira. Madzi awa amazungulira kwa osonkhanitsa ndi kutentha kwa kutentha mu chipangizo chotenthetsera - wobowola ndi madzi. Kufalitsidwa kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito pampu. Komanso, dongosolo la chivomerezo limaphatikizapo gawo lolamulira (wowongolera), lomwe limayang'anira ntchito ya pampu, yomwe imaphatikizapo kutetezedwa modzidzimutsa ndikuchita ntchito zina.
Osonkheza dzuwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino m'maiko omwe amakhala motenthetsa.
Mitundu ya Osonkhetsa A Hiyopopenel
Malo ofunikira kwambiri ndi osonkhetsa-heibopeonels. Amatengera mtengo wambiri wa dongosolo. Pali zosankha zingapo za chipangizo cha heirooopanel omwe amatha kuchepetsedwa pamitundu iwiri. Iliyonse yamitundu iyi ili ndi zabwino zake komanso zovuta zomwe zimatsimikizira kukula kwawo.Nyumba
Mwa iwo, machubu okhala ndi madzi onyamula kutentha amayikidwa pansi pa mbale ndipo amathetsedwa munjira yodziwika bwino. Kuchokera pamwambapa, cholembera chimatsekedwa ndigalasi yoteteza, wosanjikiza wamafuta amapezeka pansi pa machubu.
Osonkhetsa otola ndi 20-30% wotsika mtengo komanso wothandiza, chifukwa mapaipi okhala ndi onyamula kutentha ndi oyipa kuposa momwe marrucy amakulirapo mlengalenga (gawo la kutentha kumalowa m'mlengalenga). Modabwitsa, vutoli limakhala ulemu, mwachitsanzo, kugwa kwa chipale chofewa.
Osonkhetsetsa dzuwa osalala okhala ndi titanium kwambiri yolumikizira matifool 100-f.
Kuti muphatikize padenga mu matifool 200-Festies a osonkhetsa, mtundu wapadera wapangidwa (SV2E / Sh2E), zomwe zimapangitsa kusintha kosasangalatsa pakati pa mawonekedwe awiriwa.
Chipatso
Mwa iwo, chubu chilichonse ndi coolant chimayikidwa mu kalasi yapakati pa intaneti yokhala ndi mawonekedwe osonyeza. Mpweya wochokera ku nyumbayo umaphulika, chifukwa chake dzinali - "osonkhanitsa".
Okhometsa okhometsa tubulala pamtundu wa vacuum samatenthedwa, ndipo chisanu sichisungunuka. Chubu chachikulu chosinthidwa ku matalala, ndi osalimba. Mwambiri, okhometsa malo a tubula ndi abwino m'mikhalidwe ya nyengo yabwino, komwe kulibe matope ochulukirapo komanso matalala sakuchitika. Otsatsa a tubular amapereka kutentha kwakanthawi masana, izi zimachitika kuti zowala za dzuwa zimawunikiranso pamwamba pa silonga wagalasi, mosasamala kanthu za dzuwa kumwamba.
Heliosystem Mapaipirines amapakidwa mwanjira yoti kuchotsedwa kwa mpweya kumaperekedwa.
Kufanizira kwa katundu wa okhometsa ndi okhotakhota
| Nyumba | Nyumba | Chipatso |
|---|---|---|
| Ntchito masana | Kuchita bwino kumasintha mwamphamvu masana kutengera ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa | Kuchita bwino kumatsala pang'ono masana |
| Kukhudzana kwa chipale chofewa | Chipale chofewa chimasungunuka chifukwa cha kutaya kwapadera | Matalala sasungunuka, ayenera kutsukidwa |
| Kukana Kwambiri | M'mwamba | Wapakati |
| Kuyenda | Okwera (amafunikira maziko olimba) | Wapakati |
Njira zosankha osonkhetsa
Posankha wotonza, samalani ndi mtundu wa heliopaona, makina ophatikizira ndi moyo wa kuyika (mothandizidwa ndi dzuwa).
Mtengo wa heliousystem umatengera momwe amagwirira ntchito, zomwe zimatsimikiziridwa ndi malo osonkhanira, malo okhala, chaka cha chaka komanso mikhalidwe ina. Chotsika mtengo kwambiri - Chinese, mapanelo a Chijeremani ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri, komanso moyo wautumiki wa iwo nthawi zambiri amakhala wokwera, ndipo amatha kulimbikitsidwa kuti azigwira ntchito zodalirika, monga chaka chotentha cha madzi otentha.
Kuwerengera kolondola kwa dongosololi kuyenera kupanga katswiri wodziwa ntchito. Itha kuwonedwa mosavuta, mwachitsanzo, kuti dongosolo lomwe lili ndi malo osonkhanira ndi malo othandiza a 3 mdukira maola 2-3 amatha kupereka kukonzekera malita 150 a madzi otentha (ndi kutentha pafupifupi 50 ° C). Kuchita kumawonetsa kuti kwa banja laling'ono (anthu awiri kapena atatu) pali mapiri osonkhanirana ndi malo osonkhanira ndi gawo la 2-4 m². Dongosolo lotere limawononga pafupifupi ma ruble 100 3 3 3800,000. Mtengo wa gawo limodzi (pafupifupi 2 m ²) wa otolayo ndi wochokera kwa ma ruble 20 mpaka 5. (Opanga aku China) mpaka ma ruble 50-60 zikwi. (Ariston, Bukurusi, viessomann ndi opanga ena aku Europe); Ruble ina pafupifupi 40-60. Tiyenera kupereka kwa boiler ndi ma ruble 10-20. Kuseri kwa wowongolera, pampu ndi zida zofunika kukhazikitsa.
Mnyumba yaying'ono, mphamvu ya dzuwa imapangitsa kuti zitheke kupereka kwa 60% ya mphamvu zomwe zimafunikira kuti mupeze madzi otentha.
Thermosi-ndi-horsendeation Hisiosysthem Vitisol 111-F (viessmann) kuti awonetsetse madzi otentha nthawi yotentha. Mfundo ya thermosymymymymy imapereka kuthekera kufalitsa kutentha pogwiritsa ntchito chilengedwe cha ozizira. Dongosolo lotere silikufuna kugwiritsa ntchito pampu ndi dongosolo lililonse lowongolera.
Momwe Mungakhazikitsire Wosanja
Heliopole iyenera kupezeka kumbali yapamwamba: kupita kumwera kapena komwe kuli West West. Pakachitika kuti malowa sangatheke, zolimba zowongolera zimapangidwa kuti ziwerengere. Ndikofunikira kuti kulibe mitengo yayikulu pafupi naye. Kutalika kwa osemedwa kwa ogwirizana ndi ogwirizana kumasankhidwa malinga ndi mawonekedwe adziko lapansi komanso nyengo yabwino - kutengera nthawi ya Peak - kutengera nthawi ya Peak. Mwachitsanzo, ngati lingapangidwe helium pokonza madzi otentha mu kanyumba pagombe la nyanja yakuda ndi ma Meptember, ngodya iyi idzakhala 20-25 °. Koma ngati pakufunika kuchirikiza kutentha ndi heliousystem uyu, ngodya iyenera kukhala 40-45 °.
Ma Heliousystems amaikidwa padenga mwanjira yoti achulukitse mphamvu ya dzuwa kuti itenthe kutentha kwa madzimadzi. Kwa dziko la Northern Hemisphere, kudzakhala mbali yakumwera ya padenga.
Gulu la solar limayikidwa ndege yokhazikika kotero kuti masana adapereka mpango wa dzuwa, pafupi ndiowongoka. Plane yotsetsereka yokhazikika ya malo osungirako imafanana ndi gawo la malo okhala mtunda ndipo, mwachitsanzo, ku Moscow 57 °. Kuwongolera komwe gululi likuyang'ana, kumpoto kwa Hemisphere kuyenera kukhala kumwera. Ndipo zowonadi, wotolera wa dzuwa sayenera kukhala nayo kuchokera ku dzuwa kuchokera kwa zinthu zina. Sizimatha kupirira nthawi zonse momwe zimakhalira, chifukwa chake, mukamayesa onyamula katundu, zopangidwa ndi zitsulo kapena zojambulidwa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, zomwe zitha kuphatikizidwa padenga ndipo limapatukana.
Ma Hoks oyenda amatha kungodalira zingwe mpaka pachimake kwakanthawi ndipo sayenera kutengera padenga.
Kulumikizana kwa ma pipilines kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito zolimbitsa thupi kapena msirikali wolimba.
Kusankha kwa Boiler ku Helium
Kwa aldiowysystems, omwe amangokhala ndi kutentha kwa kutentha kwa kutentha komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito, osawasokoneza ndi omwe amawapeza. Popeza kupanga madzi otentha a hermium dongosolo sikugwirizana kutengera nthawi, boolers awa osankhidwa ndi malo osungirako kutentha ndi iwo. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kuchuluka kwa malita 300 ndi zina. Makina ogwirira ntchito omwe ali m'madzi omwe ali pachimake pazinthu zamulombo, Bukurus, viessomann ndi ena opanga. Kuphatikiza pa kukonzekera kwa heliotherthamic kwa madzi otentha, omwe amangokhalira kugwiritsa ntchito mowonjezereka kuchokera kumoto.
Musaiwale kuti ngati kutentha sikugawana madzi mu boiler, ndiye kuti ndikofunikira kupereka njira yobwezeretsa kutentha kwambiri.
Bivance Buck Madzi Chochizira cha Natulux SM200 (Bukurus), 200 l
Mankhwala owongola matenda a Vitocell 100-B /w (viessmann), 250 l
Wotola wathyathyathya wa pnk 2.0 (Bukurus) ndi ma aluminium chimango ndi cholimba
Deetric Tubal Wottor
Momwe mungapewere kutentha
Wokondedwa kwambiri akukhala vuto lalikulu mosasamala za heliousystems. Mutha kumenyera nkhondo m'njira zingapo. Cholinga chosavuta ndikugwiritsa ntchito madzi ngati ozizira. Madzi owiritsa amasinthidwa kudzera mu valavu yapadera, kenako kusowa kwa madzi kumachokera ku dongosolo lamadzi. Mwanjira imeneyi ndiyabwino chifukwa madzi amazizira, kotero iyo ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha ngati chisanu simangophatikizidwa (kachitidwe kameneka kamaphatikizidwa ndi kutetezedwa kozizira kwa ozizira).
Njira ina ndikuthira ozizira ndikudzaza osungirako mpweya pomwe pampuyo amapukutidwa (kukhetsa dongosolo lam'mbuyo) - chimafunikira kuwerengera koyenera kwa kachitidweko, kukondera ndi mavolinas a mapaipi. Palinso kuthekera kosintha kutentha kwa ozizira posintha woyang'anira dongosolo la makina. Mwachitsanzo, wowongolera amatulutsa mphezi usiku, womwe umapopera Healant wozizira kudzera patotole; Dongosolo limagwira ntchito monga momwe limasinthira. Njirayi ndiyabwino pamaso pa ototola (tubulalamu sioyenera) komanso yowonera yobowola. Kukula kwina kosangalatsa kunaperekedwa ndi Viessmann. Otsatsa ake amagwiritsa ntchito zinthu mosiyanasiyana. Ndi kutentha kwambiri (tinene, 10 ° C), kuyamwanitsa ndi zinthuzo kumachepa kangapo, ndipo ozizira amasiya kutentha.
Zokhudza kuperewera kwa mapiritsi amtundu nthawi zina kumangolingalira powonekera. Chifukwa chake, mawonekedwe a otonza tubular amawonetsa kuphwanya mphamvu ya simbale yagalasi. Ilibe kutchinga kwamafuta, ndipo gawo ili la osonkhetsa limatulutsa kutentha pang'ono.
Kupanga kwa nthaka ndi lingaliro kungasonyeze kusangalatsa kwa heliousystem.
Ndi kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa mbalame, mungafunike kuteteza dongosolo la helium kwa iwo omwe amacheza kwambiri; Pachifukwa ichi, ndizoyenera, mwachitsanzo, makonda ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi omwe adayikidwa m'mphepete mwa kumtunda.
Alexander Shkurkin, mainjiniya wa kampani yogulitsa "Boschin"
Malinga ndi deta yochepetsetsa kwambiri, yodziwika bwino kwambiri pachaka ku Russia ndi 6-3 kW g pa tsiku lililonse pa 1 m, ndipo uku ndi malita 120-60 ° C! Chifukwa chachikulu chomwe chimalepheretsa malo a miliri ndi mtengo wapamwamba kwambiri, chifukwa nthawi yawo yobweza ili mpaka zaka 15. Posankha wotonza, ndikofunikira kulabadira mtundu wa heliopaonal, machitidwe ndi moyo wa kukonzera. Musaiwale za kusankha koyenera kwa gulu la Msonkhano. Sikuti onse oimira amadziwa za kuyikapo ndi kutumiza kwa heliousystems.