Momwe Mungapangire Chipinda Chovala: Malangizo a Kuyika, Kukonzekera ndi Msonkhano

Tikuuza zomwe zovala zipinda zili, momwe mungadzimangirire ndikuwasonkhana.

Bungwe la kona lina losungira zinthu ndilobwino. Ndipo akatswiri opanga akatswiri amayesa kugwiritsa ntchito ma lalikulupo kuti atheke. Tidzakambirana momwe mungapangire chipinda chovala ndi manja anu ndi mafunso onse okhudzana ndi izo.

Zonse za makonzedwe a chipinda cha zovala

Onse ndi motsutsana

Njira Zosakanikirana

Zosankha zogona

- Parishion

- Chipinda chogona

- pansi pa masitepe

- kuchokera pachipinda

- kuchokera niche

- m'chipinda chosungira

Mitundu ya Zipinda Zovala

- ngodya

- mbali imodzi

-Kulera

- opangidwa

Zida ndi zida

Magawo a bungwe

- kukonzekera

- kuyatsa

- Mpweya

- kukhazikitsa kugawa ndi kumaliza

- kukhazikitsa kudzaza

Malingaliro ovala majekitala

Chipinda cha zovala: zabwino ndi zowawa

Zitha kuwoneka kuti uku ndi kuwononga kosawoneka bwino kwa masentimita amlengalenga. Tinatola zifundo komanso kuti tisankhe zochita.

Pa

• Padzakhala malo ena omasuka mu zipinda zina. Anapatsidwa makabati achulukidwe kake ndi ndalama zambiri, chipindacho "chimasweka", mwanjira yowoneka komanso mpweya.
• Ndi bungwe losungira laluso, makona onse aulere amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi phindu. Ngakhale m'chipinda chaching'ono, ndizotheka kuyika zinthu zambiri.
• Samalani chitsogozo cha dongosolo. Njira zimabisidwa kwathunthu m'maso. Nsapato ndi zovala zimasonkhanitsidwa m'malo amodzi, ndizosavuta kuzisunga.
• Sungasunge nthawi ya ndalama, chifukwa chovala chonsecho chimasonkhana pamalo amodzi. Izi zimakuthandizani kuti mukonzekere zinthu mwachangu, kunyamula chithunzi chatsopano. Mutha kusintha chimodzimodzi pano, kusunga kwathunthu chinsinsi.
• Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito chipindacho komanso mini-hosbler. Zinthu zazikulu zomwe zimasokoneza zipinda zogona zimasungidwa pano. Ngodya yoyeretsa, jenereta, bolodi yokhazikika imasungidwa.
• Zida zonse ndi zotsika mtengo kuposa kugula kapena mipando. Komanso, kuperewera kwa ndalama zambiri, zitha kukhala ndi zida pang'onopang'ono, kugula kapena kudzipatula kukhoti.

Vs

• Kufunika kotsikira kuderalo. Nthawi zina kukonzanso ndikufunika, zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kufunika kopeza chilolezo.
• Kufuna mpweya wabwino. M'chipinda chotsekedwa mwamphamvu, zinthu zonse zikhala zosangalatsa fungo lakuthwa.
• M'zipinda zazing'ono pali vuto lina. Ngati chipinda chikakhala ndi khomo, zinthu zidzakhala fumbi.

Zosankha zodzaza Cardidersa

Dongosolo la zovala limapanga chisankho cha njira yosungirako yabwino kwambiri kwa eni ake. Mitundu itatu imasiyanitsidwa.

Mipando ya nduna

Kabatizo, mashelufu ndi zojambula zopangidwa ndi mitengo kapena nkhuni zosewerera mosiyanasiyana, kukula ndi kudzaza. Ndikofunikira kuti mwayi wosintha kutalika ndi kusinthika kwa "kudzoza" kwa opezeka. Pankhani ya kudziyimira pawokha, imakhala yotsika mtengo kwambiri, yomwe imawerengedwa kuti ndiyabwino. Pali zabwino zina.

chipatso

• Zipinda zotsekedwa komwe imalowa fumbi laling'ono kwambiri.
• Ndi mawonekedwe aluso, yayalimenti iliyonse ".
• Kusankha kwakukulu kapangidwe ka kapangidwe kake.
• Kutha kusankha zinthuzo ndi kudzipeza nokha.

Milungu

• Msonkhano wachinyengo komanso wotsatira mu malo atsopano momwe kungathekere. Koma nthawi yomweyo, kapangidwe kazipangidwe: kumayang'ana mbali.
• Sungani pokhapokha ngati pali maluso odzikongoletsa pakhomo la mipando ndi msonkhano wake. Kupanda kutero, lamuloli lidzawononga ndalama zambiri.

Mapangidwe a Mesh

Ichi ndi chimamba chachitsulo, chomwe chimayikidwa mokwanira: mabasiketi, mashelufu, etc. Zonsezi zimawoneka ngati makabati amitundu yazitsulo. Zopangidwa pakusintha kosiyanasiyana.

Mau abwino

• Kuchulukitsa kosavuta. Zinthu zambiri ndizosavuta kusintha malo kapena kukonzanso. Ngati ndi kotheka, mutha kugula ma module atsopano.
• Mpweya wabwino. Palibe chomwe chimalepheretsa kufalikira kwaulere.
• SANGAWERI ndizotheka ndi kukhazikitsa pambuyo potsatira. Sikuwuka zovuta zilizonse.
• Dongosololi ndilokhazikika komanso lolimba.

Zowopsa

• Kumangirira maziko pakhoma, komwe kumafuna kubowola mabowo ambiri.
• Ma module ochokera kwa opanga saphatikizidwa wina ndi mnzake. Kusintha kwa zinthu zamunthu payekha ndikosatheka.
• Mtengo wokwera.

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Tubrular, ndi njira yolumikizana

Base yake ndi malo okhala mipando, pomwe mapangidwe osiyanasiyana amatengedwa pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zina zowonjezera. Machubu amalumikizidwa mbali zosiyanasiyana, amaphatikizidwa ndi othamanga mashelufu ndi magalasi.

chipatso

• Chiwerengero chopanda malire cha zosankha za Misonkhano. Ngati ndi kotheka, mutha kugula zambiri kapena zosavuta kuzikwaniritsa kukula.
• Zinthu zimakonzedwa mosavuta kuchokera kumalo m'malo mwake, kuphatikiza ndi machitidwe ena.
• Kusamutsa bwino diassembly komanso kukayikiranso kwamisonkhano. Ndikotheka kumanga ndi kumasinthidwe.
• Kuthekera kokonzekera popanda makoma.
• Kulimba kwambiri komanso kulimba.
• Kuthekera kokhazikitsa m'nyumba ndi makoma osasinthika.

Milungu

• Palibe kusankha mitundu. Mapaipi a chrome okha omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
• Zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuti munthu akapangidwe.

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zosungira zimaphatikizidwa. Kuphatikiza kwa nduna ndi nthabwala kapena ma mesh ndi mipando ya nduna ikufunikira.

Tiyeni tiwone. Amasankhidwa pansi pa zosowa za mwiniwake ndipo amatha kukhala ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimaphatikizidwa mosavuta. Talemba.

Njira zosungirako zotheka

• Ndodo kapena zodzikongoletsera. Kwa zinthu zazifupi ngati jekete, bulateni kapena jekete Ichi ndiye "Zovala Zokwezeka", zomwe zimatsikira ndikutuluka kutalika komwe mukufuna. Ndodo sizangokhala zowongoka, komanso zopindika. Mwachitsanzo, chowongolera chimakhala choyenera m'chipinda chonguluka.
• Hangirs pali masiketi ndi mathalauza. Pali mitundu iwiri ndi imodzi, yokhala ndi zovala zapadera kapena popanda iwo. Imayikidwa pamtunda wopanda 60 cm. Mphamvu zosinthika ndizosavuta, zimasunga malo aulere.
• Mashelufu. Zosankha, momwe mungapangire mashelufu m'chipinda chovala, kwambiri. Kukula kwawo kumatsimikiziridwa kutengera malo komanso komwe akupita. Chifukwa chake, kuti kumtunda kwapamwamba kumakhala koyenera kwambiri. Zithunzi zapamwamba za zinthu zomwe zidayikidwa: Zovala zowoneka bwino zowoneka bwino, zikwama zapamwamba, ndi zina. Pakatikati pake, ndibwino kukhazikitsa mashelufu osakwera kuposa 30 mpaka 40 cm. Pa bafuta, zojambula zawo zanyumba. Mashelufu opepuka kwambiri. Ngati kuya kwa ma cm oposa 100 cm, fikirani mbali inayo ikhale yovuta.
• Mabokosi. Osachepera ena a iwo ayenera kutsekedwa kuti zomwe zalembedwazo sizimalota. Kutengera ndi kukula, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kusunga zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Chabwino, ngati muyika kutsogolo kwathunthu kapena osachepera 3/4. Pofuna kugwiritsa ntchito, ali ndi otsekedwa ndi khoma lakutsogolo. Chifukwa chake onani zamkati.
• Mabasiketi kapena mabokosi. Kusunthira kuchokera ku zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Mitundu yokhazikika imayikidwa pamashenyedwe omwe ali ndi makina osinthika kapena mawilo omwe amakulunga kapena kuyika kutsogolo. Ndizosavuta kwambiri. Pali kapena popanda zingwe. Nthawi zambiri, chomata chimapangidwa ndi gulu lakutsogolo, lomwe limalongosola zomwe zili m'basiketi.
• Onyamula zinthu. Zopangidwira zomangira, malamba, zikho. Imatha kuyimitsidwa kapena mabokosi omangika, mabokosi athyathyathya okhala ndi zigawo, mapanelo a hook.
• Ma module a nsapato. Sitolo nsapato pamashesa osathandiza. Chifukwa chake, zida zina zakonzedwa. Itha kukhala yambiri - mizere yokhazikika kapena yowongoka, mapiritsi kapena kupachika, ndodo zokhala ndi zovala za nsapato ndi zina zotero. Chabwino, ngati atatsekedwa ndi mapanelo owonekera. Kenako nsapato sizidzafumbi, koma zimawoneka bwino.

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Momwe Mungapangire Chipinda Chovala: Zinthu 6 Zogona

Mnyumbamo, chipinda chosungiramo chosungiracho chimaperekedwa pagawo kapena pambuyo pake pogawa malo. M'mabanja wamba, samaperekedwa. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kupeza yankho labwino. Tidzakambirana zosankha zingapo zomwe zingachitike, kuchokera komwe mungapange chipinda chovala ndi manja anu.

Muholo

Chabwino, ngati mwiniwakeyo ali pa holo yogona, gawo lomwe lingatengedwe pansi pa dongosolo la malo osungira. Pankhaniyi, kugawa kumayikidwa, kugawa makopewo m'ma zipinda ziwiri. Kukula kwake ndi mawonekedwe a zovala omwe amasankhidwa, kutsogozedwa ndi zomwe amakonda.

M'nyumba yaying'ono pali zosankha ziwiri, momwe mungapangire chipinda chovala cham'munda. Choyamba ndi kwa maholo okwanira. Kalata yosungirayo imayikidwa pakhoma. Kusankha molondola mipando yotsekedwa, mwina ndi zitseko zamagalasi. Chifukwa chake zidzatheka kuti muwoneke pang'ono. Njira yachiwiri ndi yayikulu kapena yokonzekera. Pankhaniyi, ngodya imodzi imadandaula ndi gawo, kachitidwe kosungirako kuli ndi ilo.

Mchipinda chogona

Ndi chizolowezi kuvala zovala pachipinda, motero lingaliro ili limawonedwa kukhala loyenera. Malo omwe ali pansi pa makina osungirako amatsimikizika ndi chipinda chogona. Ngati kuli kotalikirana kwambiri, ndibwino kuthetseratu malowo kudutsa chipindacho. Chipinda chogona chimalandira magawo olondola, amakhala omasuka komanso owoneka bwino. M'zipinda zokwanira mu lalikulu komanso pafupi ndi mawonekedwe ake makamaka malo a chipinda chovala. Amalekanitsidwa ndi magawo oyambira kapena nsalu yotchinga.

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Pansi pa masitepe

Malo aulere pansi pa masitepe ndi chakuya kwambiri kuti mupeze malo osungirako. Makonzedwe ambiri. Mutha kupanga chovala chotseguka kapena zitseko: kutsika kapena kusuntha. Kapangidwe kake koyenera kuli koyenera, komwe kumasonkhanitsidwa kuchokera ku zinthu zosinthika kapena zokutira. Mkati mwazomera zoterezi zigawidwa ma ntchentche-mizukwa, mashelufu, mabokosi.

Kuchokera ku nduna

Chovala chophunzitsidwa chophunzitsidwa, ngati mungafune, chimapangidwa mosavuta m'chipinda cha zovala. Kukonzekera kumadalira malo aulere. Kuchokera ku nduna wakale wakale, chotsani kudzaza, ndikungosiya chimango chokha, chomwe chidzakhala maziko a kapangidwe katsopano. Amakhazikitsidwa m'malo mwake akudzaza. Mutha kuchita zina. Gwiritsani ntchito mipando yakale ngati njira yosungirako. China chake kuchokera ku zinthu zomwe zimatenga nthawi zonse, china choti chisinthe ndikukhalanso.

Kuyambira Niche

Ngati kukula kwa niche kulola, mkati mwa masracks, mashelufu. Idzatsala kuti isamutsetsetse zitseko: Swing, ikutsikira. Mutha kusiya zovala zotseguka, koma kenako zimawoneka wokongola ndikusungidwa, kapena kutseka ndi nsalu yotchinga. Chuma chaching'ono chimakwaniritsa kapangidwe ka pulasitala, kukulitsa kukula kofunikira.

Mu malo osungira

M'nyumba zakale, nthawi zambiri pamakhala chipinda chaching'ono popanda mawindo, omwe amatchedwa malo osungira. Nthawi zambiri malo ake amakupatsani mwayi woti muyike mkati mwa chipinda chovalira kwathunthu. Kudzaza kumatha kukhala chilichonse, kuyika khomalo kapena chilembo. Khomo la khomo limatsekedwa ndi nsalu yotchinga kapena khomo lililonse lokhazikitsidwa.

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Mawonedwe a chipinda cha chipinda cha chipinda

Kukonzekera chipindacho ndikosiyana. Tizisanthula mitundu yake yoyambira.

Kuthota

Magawo a mawonekedwe atatu amawagulitsa. Makoma awiri oyandikana nawo amakhala maziko, mawonekedwe amayikidwa pakati pawo. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zitseko zilizonse kapena kuthamanga. Nthawi zina, zovala zotseguka zomwe zasankhidwa. Zimawonekanso bwino pakona. M'makomawo amaikidwa ma racks, mashelufu ndi kudzazidwa kwina. Malo patsogolo pawo amagwiritsidwa ntchito povala.

Mlingo wa makona uja sunayendetsedwe. Itha kukhala mawonekedwe oyenera kapena oyenera. Zonse zimatengera kupezeka kwa malo aulere. Chipinda chokhala ndi zitseko sichimakhala cholunjika nthawi zonse. Ngati mawonekedwe ake ndi ofanana ndi semicircle, malo omwe ali mkati mwa mpanda azikhala okulirapo. Nthawi yomweyo, malo akulu sangataye chilichonse. Uwu ndi lingaliro labwino chipinda chovala chovala. Gawo silingavale nthawi zonse pa arc, chifukwa chake ndizofala kugwiritsa ntchito mzere wosweka.

Mzere kapena mbali imodzi

Komwe kuli m'mphepete mwa mpanda. Pakhoza kukhala zosankha ziwiri. Mu chitseko choyamba chapezeka moyang'anizana ndi nduna. Pankhaniyi, mtunda pakati pa kutseguka ndi mabokosi ayenera kukhala osachepera 0,8 m. Kupanda kutero, zidzakhala zosasangalatsa kugwiritsa ntchito mipando. Khomo lomwe lili pamapeto opapatiza ndiosavuta, ndizosavuta kupeza zinthu ndikusintha zovala. Mbali yocheperako m'chipindachi muyenera kukhala 1.2 m, poganizira zakuya kwa ma rack a 0,55-0.6 m.

Kufanana kapena kumbali ziwiri

Ma racks amayikidwa m'mizere iwiri, imodzi moyang'anizana ndi ina. Njira yothandiza komanso yothandiza, malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa chipindacho chimaloledwa. Kutalika kwake kungakhale chilichonse, koma mulifupi wocheperako ndi 1.5 m. Pankhaniyi, zimapezeka kuti ziikidwa pa dzanja limodzi, mipando yakuya kwa 0,55-0.6 m, makabati omwe ali ndi ndalama. Ngati ikuganiziridwa kuti ikhazikike chimodzimodzi ndi ma racks, m'lifupi mwa 1.8 m.

P-yopangidwa

Kwa makina osungirako, makhoma atatu amayambitsidwa pomwe masheya kapena mashelufu amaikidwa. Malo opapatiza ndibwino osagwiritsa ntchito. Ndioyenera iwo omwe mawonekedwe awo ndi ofanana ndi lalikulu. Mtundu wowoneka bwino umawonedwa ngati chinthu chothandiza kwambiri chifukwa chimapangitsa kuyika zinthu zambiri. Nthawi yomweyo gwiritsani ntchito zovala zotere.

Zida zofunika ndi zida

Magawo a zovala amatha kupangidwa ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito chipboard mtundu chipboard, plywood, etc. Ngati njirayi yakhazikitsidwa, ndikofunikira kusonkhanitsa chimango kapena matabwa. Zomangira zodzigulira zimatengedwa ngati othamanga. Gawo lomalizidwa limakhala ndi matenya, oyambitsa ma tracks kuchokera kwa othamanga, ndiye mtundu kapena pepala.

Kudzaza mutha kugula. Chifukwa chake bwerani ndi mauna ndi ma tubular. Mipando ya nduna ikhoza kusungidwa ndi manja anu. Kuti achite izi, amalamula kuti asotse chipboard a muyeso wawo kapena kubweretserani zambiri kuchokera kwa makabati kapena matebulo akale. Potsirizira pake, pambuyo pa msonkhano womaliza, makhosi atsopano ndi mashelufu amapaka utoto kotero kuti kapangidwe kake kamene kamawoneka.

Ngati dongosolo lotsekedwa litayikidwa, zitseko zidzafunikanso. Atha kukhala kulikonse: Swing, Harterica kapena Coupe. Njira yomaliza imasankhidwa nthawi zambiri. Musanapangetsetse zitseko - chipinda chovala, muyenera kumvetsera mwapadera mtundu wa zoyenerera. Odzigudubuza ndi owongolera ndikofunikira kusankha kulemera kwa canvas ndipo amatha kuyikidwa molondola. Kupanda kutero sagwira ntchito bwino.

Magawo a bungwe lodziyimira pawokha la chipinda chovala

Tidzasanthula magawo, momwe mungadzikonzere nokha ndikupanga chipinda chovala.

1. kukonzekera

Ili ndi gawo lodalirika kwambiri, lomwe limapanga mwatsatanetsatane dongosolo losungiramo mtsogolo. Ndikofunikira kutanthauzira mtundu ndi malo omwe kudzazidwa. Pofuna kuti asalakwitse, tikuganiza kuti tichite njira zingapo zosavuta.

1. Dziwani kuti ndi anthu angati omwe adzasangalale ndi zovala. Kwa wogwiritsa ntchito aliyense, makamaka, ndikofunikira kukulitsa gawo lanu.
2. Timalongosola kuti ziyenera kusungidwa mchipindacho. Kuphatikiza pa nsapato ndi zovala, zitha kukhala zofunda komanso zovala zamkati, zojambula zapakhomo, matumba oyenda, masewera kapena zida zachuma.
3. Timasintha zinthu. Timazindikira zomwe zidzasungidwe pamashelefu, zomwe zimayimitsidwa. Kutengera izi, timazindikira kuchuluka kwa ndodo ndi masheji kapena mabasiketi. Onetsetsani kuti mukuwonjezeka "zokhudzana ndi kupezeka", chifukwa ndi nthawi kuchuluka kwa zinthu kusintha.
4. Timalongosola kutalika kwa malo a ndodo yonyamula katundu. Pazitsanzo izi.
5. Timapanga zojambula za zovala. Nthawi yomweyo, timawerengera nthawi yayitali. Tizilombo tambiri zimaperekedwa pansi pa zovala, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsa ntchito. Pamtunda wapamwamba timakwirira zinthu, matumba oyenda, kufufuza, makalata apanyumba. Nsapato zimasungidwa nthawi zambiri pamunsi. Kudziwa kuchuluka kwa mashelufu ndi ndodo, timapanga mapulani achitsanzo chabwino.
6. Timalizira zingwe zofananira. Chifukwa chomveka, chodulidwa pepala ndendende pamlingo wa makabati ndi mashelufu, timawayika pa pulani. Kusuntha posankha kuyika koyenera. Timalemba zida za zida zofunika, timadziwitsa mu dongosolo.

Zochita izi zidakonzedwa. Ngati ndi kotheka, muyenera kupanga magawo onse a ogwiritsa ntchito zovala zapamwamba. Chabwino, ngati pali malo odyera ambiri, thumba kapena mabenchi.

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2. kuyatsa

Chipindacho chiyenera kukhala ndi gwero loyera, ndibwino osati imodzi. Pa magetsi apamwamba, mfundo yomangidwa kapena nyanza zathyathyathya zimasankhidwa. Sizingasokoneze kusintha. Nyali zosankha bwino ndi zofunda, pafupi kwambiri ndi kuwala kwachilengedwe. Amakhala ngati mitundu yopotoza, yomwe ndiyofunikira kwambiri posankha kavalidwe. Mutha kuwunikira gawo lagalasi, mashelufu ndi ziwalo zamkati za makabati.

Nayinso ma riboni a LED kapena nyali zathyathyathya. Njira yabwino ndiyo kukhazikitsa kwa sensor, yomwe imaphatikizapo kuyatsa potsegula chitseko. Ndikofunikira kuganizira kufunika kokhazikitsa malowo. Mwina sizingafunike osati zokha. Makamaka ngati chipinda chachikulu chambiri ndipo chimapereka ngodya.

3. Mpweya wabwino

Chipinda chotseka cholimba chizikhala chopumira. Kupanda kutero, zovalazo zimanyowa ndi fungo lakuthwa. Zabwino kwambiri, koma njira yovuta kwambiri ndikukhazikitsa mpweya wabwino. Kuti muchite izi, kumtunda kwa khoma, mpweya wabwino utakhala ndi zida, zomwe zimalumikizidwa ndi mpweya wabwino kwambiri. Chiboda chimakhazikika chotupa. Ntchito yake imapangidwa ndi nthawi kapena chida chimayamba pomwe kuyatsa kumayatsidwa.

Pakuyenda kwa mpweya wabwino m'khomo la ku Valvase, muthanso kuyikanso mpweya wabwino. Ngati palibe kuthekera kukhazikitsa mpweya wabwino, amaika zitseko zanyengo, monga kulumbira kapena khungu. Venreshtka adzakuthandizani pakhomo lotseguka. Chifukwa chake padzakhala kusinthana kwachilengedwe. Ngati nkosatheka, muyenera kusiya nthawi ndi nthawi nkhunda yotseguka.

4. Kukhazikitsa Kugawana ndi Kutsiriza

Kukhazikitsa kwa khoma la khoma kumayambira ndi kuyika kwa chimango. Imasonkhanitsidwa kuchokera ku zitsulo zolipirira kapena bala. Makina omalizidwa amakonzedwa ndi ma sheet kapena zinthu zina zabwino zilizonse. Malumikizidwe ndi ma dents ochokera m'magulu osindikizidwa amasindikizidwa ndi putty, seams ndi mamangidwe amalimbitsidwa ndi chikwakwa. Makina owuma amatsukidwa. Tsopano maziko ali okonzekera kumaliza kumaliza. Itha kukhala penti, pankhaniyi ndi bwino kukakamiza owonjezerapo owonjezera, kapena kutengera ndi pepala.

Gawo lamkati la zovala limafunikiranso kumaliza. Gawani denga, ikani zokuza. Kenako ikani zokutira pansi. Zitha kukhala zofanana ndi nyumba yonse, kapena wina aliyense. Makoma amapaka utoto kapena wokutidwa ndi wallpaper. Ngati ndegeyo ndi yosagwirizana, ndikofunikira kuzitsatira musanamalize. Kupanda kutero, zovuta zimatha kuwuka pokhazikitsa kudzazidwa. Pomaliza, zitseko zimayikidwa ngati polojekiti.

5. Kukhazikitsa kwa dongosolo losungira

Msonkhano wodzaza umachitika m'chipinda chomalizidwa. Ndiosavuta kusonkhanitsa makina ogulidwa m'sitolo. Nthawi zonse amapita ku malangizo atsatanetsatane omwe amafunika kukhala olondola. Chovuta kwambiri kukweza zodzaza pawokha. Dongosolo lopangidwa ndi chisanachitike. Zambiri zokwawa zimachitika m'chipinda chotsatira ndipo pang'onopang'ono sonkhanika pamalopo. Yambani ndi khoma limodzi, kenako pitani ku zotsatirazi. Pambuyo pa maziko akonzeka, zovomerezeka komanso zovomerezeka zimayikidwa m'malo mwake.

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Malingaliro ovala majekitala

Kukhazikika kwa chipinda chochezera chosungira. Tatenga malingaliro osangalatsa, mutha kuwaona posankha zithunzi.