Uwenza kanjani indle ezweni: uhlelo olufanele kanye nomsebenzi wokufaka

Sibhekana nezinto ezenzelwe ukuhambisa indle, izidingo zezokuxhumana zangaphandle nezasekhaya, imithetho yendawo yemishini esizeni nezinye izindaba ezibalulekile.

Idivaysi yokukhucululwa kwendle ezweni iyizandla zakho, uhlelo lwayo nokusetshenziswa akufanele kungqubuzana. Izidingo zomklamo wazo nendawo afaka amazinga wokuhlanzeka, kanye nemithetho esethwe edolobhaneni. Uhlelo luncike ekusetshenzisweni kwamanzi okujwayelekile, inhlangano yokugeleza okujwayelekile kweziza eziningana, izici zenhlabathi. Kungakhonza hhayi nje ukususa i-drain noma iqoqo labo e-cesspool. Kunemishini eyinkimbinkimbi yokukhiqiza ukuhlanzwa koketshezi. Imfucumfucu ingalahlwa, ukuyiguqula ibe umanyolo. Uma singekho isidingo salokhu, baphonsa ama-ejenti wokuhlola. Uketshezi olusetshenzisiwe lukhishwe emhlabathini noma i-reservoir eseduze kuphela uma ihlangabezana namazinga. Ukuxhumana kwangaphakathi kwendlu, okuyinto ye-IZHS, kugandayiwe, kuqondiswe ngokwakha imithetho yamafulethi asemadolobheni.

Konke mayelana nedivayisi yendle ezweni

Izakhi zohlelo

Ukuxhumana Kwangaphandle Nokukhululwa

Izidingo zezokuxhumana zangaphandle

Ungayithola kanjani imishini kwisakhiwo

Ukufakwa kwemithombo yokuqongelela

Imishini esebenza ngaphandle kokupompa

• Ukuhlunga Izimayini Zasekhaya
• I-septics elula futhi emibili
• Isiteshi sokuhlanza esiphilayo

Izinto ze-pratebricated zohlelo

Idivayisi yendle incike ekutheni kube lula ukuxhumana kwekhaya. Indlu elula yengadi eyenzelwe indawo yokuhlala yezinkathi ezithile ayinakufakwa ngamapayipi. Kulokhu, inani le-Effent lincane. Njengomthetho, i-cesspool yashiswa ngaphansi kwawo, babeka umgqomo nge-hatch noma benze ukwakhiwa kwezindandatho zokhonkolo. Ngokwehluzo edolobhaneni kufika umshini wokuhlola nokupompa. Le nsizakalo iyakhokhelwa. Kuzodingeka ukuthi yenze umnikelo omncane isikhathi esithile.

Emadolobhaneni aseZweni, asikho isiteshi esivamile sazo zonke izigaba, lapho imfucuza isethwe kabusha. Uma ishubhu libekwe noma lenza umgodi owabiwe, ungafeza ukuxhumana kuphela ngemuva kokuthi uxhumano luvunyelwe. Kubalulekile lapho kusethwe khona kabusha, okusebenza kuyo kudlula nokuthi yiziphi izidingo zokulawula okufanele zihambisane. Ngokuqukethwe okunobuthi obunobuthi obunobuthi, ukuxhumana kungenzeka kungavunyelwe.

Ezakhiweni, zifakwe endlini yangasese, indlu yokugezela kanye nokucwila ekhishini, ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi kukhulu kunasezindlini zezwe zasehlobo. Amapayipi axhumeke kwi-vertical Sense Roller eyenziwe ngepulasitiki, i-cast-iron noma izingxenye zensimbi. Endlini engaphansi, ixhumeke ekuxhumaneni okuvundlile. Ngaphandle kwesakhiwo, zivaliwe ngesendlalelo senhlabathi, kushiye ukubuyekezwa okudingekayo ukuze kuhlanzwe futhi kulungiswe. Ingxenye evundlile ithunyelwe kule ndawo ifaka imishini yokuhlanza nokuhlanza. Ingahle ibe nezakhi eyodwa noma eziningi.

Imishini esetshenziswa ezindaweni

• Imiphongolo nemithombo eqinile engezansi.
• Ukuhlunga izimayini lapho imfucuza ihlanzwa khona ngokudlula ezansi, futhi ihlakazeke emhlabathini.
• Amakhono lapho ukuhlunga nokuqhekeka kwezinhlayiya eziqukethwe ku-ketshezi kwenzeka. Kuneziteshi zokuhlanza eziphilayo, ngemuva kwalokho amanzi avunyelwe ukusebenzisa izidingo zasekhaya.

Ngaphambi kokuchitha indle ezweni, kuyadingeka ukuthuthukisa iphrojekthi. Kuncike ekuxhumaneni nabaphathi bendawo kanye neSanepidadzor. Uma imfucuza ihlanganiswa emfuleni noma echibini, uzodinga imvume ezinhlanganweni zezemvelo.

Ama-Storm Drains ahloselwe amanzi emvula abunjiwe ngokwahlukana. Azikwazi ukuhlanganiswa nohlelo oluphambili, ngenye indlela ngesikhathi sokugeza, iziteshi zizobe zigcwaliswe ngokweqile.

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Idivaysi yokuxhumana kwasekhaya nokukhululwa

I-riser iqoqwa kusuka kumapayipi enziwe ngento eyodwa - i-cast iron, ipulasitiki noma insimbi. I-cast iron ihlanganiswe kabi ngeplastiki nensimbi - angabasha. Insimbi iyakwazi ukulimaza ingaphezulu le-PVC. Imininingwane ixhunyiwe ngokusebenzisa ama-squabbles. Izindonga zobukhulu obuhlukile kunzima ukuxhuma.

Amalunga akufanele aqhubeke. Badinga ukubekwa uphawu ngokucophelela. Ububanzi obujwayelekile bokuqiniswa buyi-11 cm. Ukuqinisa ezindongeni, kusetshenziswa ama-clamps, kufakwe kwisikulufo sokuzishaya. Zifakwe ngomthambeka. Ngobubanzi, i-11 cm, ithambeka kufanele ibe ngu-20 cm ku-1 pm (imitha yephethini), nobubanzi obungu-5 cm - 30 cm ku-1 PM. Ngokungena kokukhuphuka, babeka iziphambano ezi-oblique kanye nezinto ezenziwe nge-m. Ukungena akufanele kwenziwe ngakwesokudla - lokhu kuzokhulisa umsele.

I-wiring ayikwazi ukufakwa odongeni. Kufanele kuqinisekiswe ukufinyelela unomphela endabeni yengozi. Kuvunyelwe ukukufihla kwikhabethe lobuchwepheshe noma ibhokisi lokuhlobisa elikhiphekayo. Amabhokisi okumiswa nezikrini kufanele abe nesembozo neminyango evumela ukuthi uhlole futhi ulungise. Ezokuxhumana zenqatshelwe ukuthumela ezakhiweni zokuhlala.

Impikiswano ihlelwe egumbini elingaphansi. Kuqoqwa kusuka kuma-adaptha amabili angela ama-degrees angama-45. Uma ubeka i-adaptha ngamadigri angama-90, uketshezi luzovezwa ekhoneni, liguqukele ekuvutheni okuqinile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuguquka kwe-steep kwenza kube nzima kuleyo nkambo.

Amapayipi abunjiwe emgodini esisekelweni. Ishiywe ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa kwesakhiwo noma kunqunywe ngomqhele wedayimane. Musa ukusebenzisa i-perforator - ishiya imiphetho edwenguliwe, lapho-ke kufanele iqinise udaka kasimende. Ububanzi bembobo benza ubukhulu be-Sleeve ububanzi bamasentimitha angama-20. Imiphetho imbozwe nge-Rubberoid, i-Bitumen Mastic. Ngaphakathi komkhono uyafakwa futhi umkhono uqhamuka ekuphakameni kuwo. Isikhala esisele sigcwele igwebu elikhuphukayo.

Izidingo Zokulawula Zokuxhumana Kwangaphandle

Iziteshi ezixhumanisa i-Riser ngokufakwa okuhlanganisiwe nokuhlanza kufanele zihambisane nezidingo ezisungulwe yi-Gost kanye Snips. Izinto zazo zingopulasitiki, ziphonsa insimbi ne-asbestos cement. Ububanzi - kusuka ku-10 cm. Ekupheleni komkhiqizo kungenzeka kube nama-rasters. Izindawo ezibushelelezi zijoyine kusetshenziswa ukuxhumana okuhlanganisiwe. Ukuze uqonde ukuthi ungawenza kanjani i-SEANER ezweni ngezandla zakho, udinga ukubona ukuthi izakhi zefulethi lijoyine kanjani. Umgomo wokuxhuma uyefana.

Mayelana nokunemba kweSikimu kunzima ukwahlulela isithombe kanye nengxenye yephrojekthi. Kunezici ezingenakuchazwa ngeso, ngokwesibonelo, izinga lomhlaba wonke. Okuphezulu, okunamandla ingcindezi ezinhlakeni ezingaphansi komhlaba.

Inhlabathi ye-Hinace idlula iselula kune-Stony noma iSandy. Amapayipi abekwe kuwo angakhubazeka ngamashifu angaphakathi. Ukuvimbela iphutha, ukudala uhlelo, udinga ukucubungula izici zesisekelo. Kungcono ukufaka isicelo kwinkampani yobunjiniyela, enemishini yokucwaninga kwenhlabathi.

Iziteshi Kungcono ukuhlela ngezansi kwezinga lokuqina komhlaba - Le nkomba ithatha amatafula phansi. Kukhonjiswa esifundeni ngasinye. Ngokusho kukaSnip 31.02, ukujula kokushumeka kufanele kube okungenani ama-70 cm ngaphansi komgwaqo noma ukupaka imoto, hhayi ngaphansi kwama-50 cm kwezinye izigaba.

Ezindaweni zokufakwa kwama-adapter kanye nokuguqula ukuhlela imithombo yokubuka - umjikelezo noma unxande. Izindonga zenziwa ngopulasitiki, izitini noma izindandatho zokhonkolo eziqinisiwe. Indlela esetshenziswa njalo yefomu. Ububanzi busuka ku-70 cm ekujuleni okufika ku-80 cm. Uma ukujula kukhulu, ububanzi buthathwe ku-1 m.

Iziteshi zifakwe ama-geoellits noma ngoboya bezimbiwa phansi, ulwelwesi oluvalekile lwamanzi. Izindawo ezikhunjulwa ziba yiqhwa. Ukugeleza kuyama, futhi izindonga zingaphula uketshezi olunwebekayo ngesikhathi sokuqhwa.

I-runoff ingena ekwelashweni kwendle kanye nezindawo eziqoqiwe. Akufanele kuchazwe eziteshini, ngakho-ke zitholakala engela. Kwanele ukwenza umfutho wama-degrees ama-2.

Isiteshi sibekwa esisekelweni esibushelelezi esibushelelezi somhlabathi onosango kahle. Emhlabathini onamadwala womsele, alala ngesihlabathi ukuze angalimazi ohlangothini olungaphansi kodonga.

Ungathola kanjani ukuthola imishini yangaphansi komhlaba

Ukukhetha kwalo kuxhomekekisa kuphela kwinqanaba elidingekayo lokuhlanza, kodwa futhi kusuka endaweni yendawo. Ngendawo encane, ungafaka amamodeli ama-compact kuphela. Izinhlelo ezinamazinga ahlukahlukene anezinhlelo eziphakeme zilungele izindawo ezinkulu. Ekugcineni ukuthola ukuthi ungayenza kanjani indle ezweni, udinga usizo olukhethekile.

Imithethonqubo ngendawo

Kubalulekile ukubheka ukuthi izakhiwo zivale kangakanani kwezinye izinto.

• Kuze kube yilapho izinhlaka zomsebenzi kufanele okungenani zibe ngu-1 m.
• Esakhiweni sokuhlala - 5 m.
• Emngceleni necebo elingumakhelwane - 2 m.

Uma ungawanaki ibanga ukusuka ku-septic uye esakhiweni esikhulu, kuzoba nephunga elizinzile elingathandeki ezakhiweni zokuhlala. Imishini ayinakwenziwa ngensimu.

Ibanga elivumelekile emthonjeni ngamanzi okuphuza

Kuya ngezakhiwo zesisekelo.

• ESuglinka - 10 m.
• Inkazimulo yobumba - 20 m.
• Emhlabathini onesihlabathi esiningi - 50 m.

Ama-resvoir aqongelelayo kufanele aqinisekise ukudlula komshini wokuhlola.

Amanzi angaphansi komhlaba afaka ingcindezi ezindongeni ezingaphansi komhlaba, ngakho-ke amadizayini kumele abe ngu-1 m ngaphezu kwezinga elenzeka kwawo. Lesi simo singenziwa ngaso sonke isikhathi, kepha ukunciphisa umthwalo, ungamba isiteshi semfucuza imvula bese uncibilikisa amanzi.

Idivaysi ye-cesspool (kahle)

I-reservoir evaliwe iyi-herrel yepulasitiki eyikhambi noma eyamayini enodonga lwezitini noma izindandatho zokhonkolo. I-monolithic elula xaxa - ayidingi ukuhlanganisa amanzi kanye nokuqiniswa okwengeziwe kwezindonga.

Imisebenzi yenziwa yiphrojekthi okuvunyelwene ngayo. Okokuqala, khumula e-PITA. Kufanele kube kubanzi kunesakhiwo sama-60 cm, cm. Phansi kumbozwe izingqimba zesihlabathi kanye nemfucumfucu enobukhulu obungama-20 cm. Ukujula okuphezulu kokuqedwa kwe-REBEAK kungu-3 m. Ngokujula okukhulu, kunzima ukupompa ukupompa.

Imiphongolo ephelele yefektri isivele ifakwe nge-hatch kanye nomoya. Zivaliwe futhi ziphephile. Ukwakhiwa okwenziwe ngezitini, amabhlogo we-slag kanye nezindandatho zokhonkolo zehlulekile ngeBitumen Mastic futhi zibekwe i-rubberoid ukuze zingaqhubeki. Uma imisele iwela emhlabathini, ingawufaka ubuthi. Izindonga zifakwe ama-valve emoya ukuze kususwe igesi. Ukuphakama kwe-nozzle kuthathwa ngaphezulu kobukhulu bengqimba yeqhwa - kuthatha imivimbo. Phezulu kubeka i-hatch hetch herch. Kufanele ibekwe kwi-hose yemoto yasendulo. Endabeni kukhona umgodi wepayipi eliseceleni, eligeleza ekugcineni.

Lapho ulala kubhulashi, hlanganisa usimende odingekayo ukuze uqinise isisekelo.

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Idivaysi yendle ezweni ngaphandle kokupompa

Ukuhlunga Wells

Kusuka eCesspool ejwayelekile, bayehluka lapho bengekho phansi okuqinile okuqinile. Esikhundleni salokho, indlwana yenziwa kusuka kumfucumfucu, izingcezwana zezitini, omunye udoti wokwakha. Ukudlula kuyo, ukugeleza kusulwa. Ukungena enhlabathini, akasameleli ingozi kuye. Ukuphakama kwendunduma kusuka ku-0,5 kuye ku-1 m.

Imithetho yokufaka nokusetshenziswa kwezimayini zokuhlunga ichazwe ku-Snuvi 2.04.03-85

• Izinsiza zingafakwa kuphela enhlabathini enesihlabathi nensundu. I-Suglock nobumba kubi kunokuvumela umswakama.
• Izinga lesehlakalo samanzi aphansi komhlaba akufanele libe ngaphezulu kuka-1.5 m kusuka phansi kwemayini - ngaphandle kwalokho umhlaba ngeke uthathe isitoko.
• Ukwakhiwa ngeke kwakwazi ukuthatha ngaphezu kwe-1 m3 yoketshezi.

Idivaysi ye-Septician

Amathangi e-septic angasetshenziswa ngokuhlukile, noma akhe uhlelo kusuka ezigabeni eziningana zokuhlanza okungaguquki. Ukucutshungulwa kwekhwalithi ephezulu kunikeza imishini ehlanganiswe kahle nokuhlunga kahle. Cabanga ngayo ngemininingwane eminingi.

Kungamakhamera amabili axhunywe yimikhono echichimayo. Ikhamera yokuqala inendawo eqinile engenamkhawulo. Kwenza umsebenzi wesigaxa. Izinhlayiya eziqinile ezikulo zehliswa phansi, futhi uketshezi olucacisiwe kancane kancane ugeleza ungene egumbini lesibili. Ayinakho phansi okuqinile. Esikhundleni salokho, kwakhiwa isihlungi senziwe, lapho ukugeleza kungena emhlabathini. Ikhwalithi izokhuphuka uma igumbi lokuqala laqala amagciwane aerobic. Ukuze bangabeki, kudingeka ubeke iphampu edla umoya.

Kubalulekile ukuqapha izinga lokudonswa okuqinile. Uma kukhuphukela epayipi elichichimayo, kuzothengwa kuwele egumbini lesibili. I-prectipute kumele isuswe ngezikhathi ezithile.

Isiteshi sokuhlanza esiphilayo

Ilungele noma yimuphi umhlabathi noma ngabe umswakama wawo. Amadivayisi ahluka ngenani lamakhamera kanye nenhloso yawo okuhlosiwe. Izingxenye zitholakala endaweni eyodwa ngesembozo sokuvula.

Umfudlana udlula izinyathelo eziningana:

• I-Sestainer - izinhlayiya ezinkulu eziqinile zihlala kuyo.
• I-Aerotenk - i-reservoir enokungcoliswa kwamagciwane kungcola ku-Il. Umoya omusha odingwa ama-bacterium unikeza i-compressor. Ngaphandle kwe-valve yomoya yokudla ifakiwe.
• Isigaba sokuhlunga - kuyo ukugeleza koketshezi kuhlukaniswe kusuka ku-sludge.
• Ikhamera eyengeziwe yokuhlanza okuhle.

Isiteshi kufanele sisebenze njalo - ngaphandle kwalokho amagciwane ngeke akwazi ukuthola ukondla nokufa. Esitoko, akunakwenzeka ukusetha kabusha izinto eziyingozi kubo.

Yini engeke yehliswe esitokweni

• Isihlabathi.
• Ama-polymers.
• Ama-acid kanye ne-alkalis.
• Chlorine nokuxhumeka okuqukethe.
• Amafutha omshini.
• Imifino nezithelo.

Icala lifakwa emhlabathini. IDrayivu kufanele ibe ebanzi kunezindlu ezingama-20 cm ohlangothini ngalunye. Phansi kulala ngesihlabathi. Ubukhulu bengqimba busuka ku-15 cm. Ukujula kubalwa ukuze isembozo siphakeme kancane kunezinga le-zero. Uma amanzi aphansi komhlaba aqokonyiswa phezulu, ngaphansi phansi kweplanethi ekhonkolo eqinisiwe noma enze screed. Eduze akufanele kube yizihlahla - izimpande zazo ziyakwazi ukulimaza umzimba. Idivayisi iyaqondaniswa, khona-ke ipayipi lendle lixhunyiwe kulo. Uma kungekho zimbobo, inquma bese uyibopha kuyo i-nozzle ye-diameter oyifunayo.

Ikhebula elidla i-compressor lidonswa ekuhlanganisweni komshini ohlukile kwiphaneli kagesi.