Review of non-standard figured windows - round and semicircular, oval and semi-core, arched and semi-arms, trapezoid, triangular, etc.
The monotony of urban quarters built up with typical houses, was the arrival in the towns. Protest against such a unification requires an exit and finds it when erecting country houses. Well, the desire to give the structure of a pronounced individuality is almost impossible to implement without the use of original translucent designs.
Variation of the form, location and size of windows is one of the most expressive architectural techniques. Sometimes the window is determined by the nature of the facades. Non-standard translucent designs are able to emphasize the style chosen by architect or, on the contrary, help retreat from established canons. They adorn the house outside and at the same time play an important role in the interior, in a special framing the lighting opening.
Architects E.Orova, N.Golovin Photo V.Nepledov | 
Polonia. | 
Architect M. Bschevsky Photo K. Manko | 
Architect E. Shchelnova Photo K. Manko |
1. Could have the most bizarre form, but at the same time, due to the strengthening of the impacts, represent a very solid construction.
2. The window-stained glass window from a mahogany array (Urzedowski)
3.New large enterprises can make windows, partitions, interroom and entrance doors in one style
4. The most popular shape of the auditory window is round or triangular
The confinality of non-standard are primarily curly windows (round and semicircular, oval and semi-core, arched and semi-alone, trapezoid, triangular idr.), As well as windows with a large sash area (showcase, or French). Such structures are used not only in rustic construction. Mansions erected in the XIX-early XXV. And now restored, Stalin's homes and some new buildings are openings in all these buildings, the glazing of which requires a special approach.
Meii on the fields of glass
There are many ways to stylize windows under the antique. First of all, false-versions are used and embedded in double-glazed windows.
The layout elevated is made from narrow (8-12mm) plastic or aluminum profiles. When it is installed, it is important that the distance between the glasses amounted to at least 16mm, otherwise, with manipulations with the sash and strong gusts of the wind, it will rattling, hovering about the glass (especially if the double-glazed size of significant sizes). The width of the pvc, wood or aluminum hollows varies widely. They create a completely reliable illusion of traditional binding, the history of which goes back to those times when it was impossible to make large glasses. It is possible to recreate it with the help of a special profile-glass-bearing hill (or glass-bearing sposter), but it is much more complex technology, and therefore it is rarely applied.
Some producers of PVC Systems, Schco, Trocal (all Germany) - in a rich assortment produce decorative fair profiles, specially designed to styling windows under the antique: shaped strokes, lining on the IdR imposte. Such products are manufactured only in foreign factories, and in our market it is a big rarity: delivery to Russia is possible only on request.
Adjusting to form
Both of PVC, and from aluminum, and from wood can be made window blocks of complex architectural pattern, but there are limitations due to the properties of these materials and the specifics of production technologies. After all, it is necessary that non-standard windows satisfy the same requirements for sound and thermal insulation as the usual, did not inferior in the latter in terms of air and moisture and moisture resistance and, finally, were sufficiently strong and convenient to operate. So, try to find out what tasks on the shoulder of modern manufacturers, and there are no. We will make a reservation at once that special attention in the article will be paid to the plastic windows currently in the greatest demand.
but. | 
b. | 
in. | 
G. |
Exclusive windows of windows with stained glass windows: but - arched from the pine massif (Isarholz); B. - semi-dead from the laminated profile of the Kve ("Eurowinda")
Width of plastic plastic SPROS ( in ) varies within 8-40mm. Mounted in a glass layout ( G. ) It is rarely wider than 12mm, but it allows you to create a complex pattern, as it is easily bent after heating with an industrial hairdryer.
Ghnet his line. Among figure structures are traditionally most popular arched windows. Jesl Gothic Strelded and Moorish (in the shape of horseshoe) Arches can be attributed to the discharge of exotic, then the share of semi-curvous accounts for at least 6-8% of the window market. In the event, the time in connection with the fashion for the North European style is widely used half airs who have a curvilinear site smoothly "leaks" from vertical bars, and attached to them at an angle.
The main limitation on the manufacture of arched and semi-arms, round, oval window structures made of plastic is due to the fact that the minimum radius under which the profiles can be bend. So, for the main PVC profiles (they include profiles of boxes, sash, imposts) it is 5-6 their heights. That is, for the profile of the box (in most systems height is about 70mm or a little less) the minimum bending radius will be 350 mm, for the sash profile (height is about 80mm) - 400mm. Thus, it is impossible to make a deaf arched (round) window with a width (diameter) of less than 700 mm, but opened by less than 800mm. At the same time, each manufacturer of windows has its limitations, they depend mainly on which the equipment has a firm.
Rudupis | 
| 
"Warm windows" | 
"Eurowka" |
5. Company Rudupis has developed a technology that allows you to connect double-glazed windows in wooden windows at an angle of 90 without the use of frame and sfolders
6. Demonstrate the technologies of the PVC-profile bending technology at the Mosbuild 2008 exhibition (Interplust Stand)
7. Preparation of the arched part of the window of glued timber
8. Overclocking windows with an angle of less than 30 difficult
Briefly tell about how the PVC profile beg. The part is heated to about 130s, after which it gives the necessary shape, using special devices (the most common system from the treeoplastic conductor, the form of which with the help of vacuum suckers is reconfigured under the desired bend radius). There are two main ways of heating plastic profile: "wet", in which the part is immersed by 10-15 minutes in a bath with hot glycerin, and "dry" - the profile is placed in a chamber with ceramic heating elements or drive hot air through its cavities. Item and in another way you can heat the profile of 3000mm long and even more without limiting the total length of the part.
It is bent both white and colored profiles, with an acrylic coating, - and the appearance and strength of the clutch of the facing with the surface do not suffer from all. "Wet" method that appeared earlier than "dry" allows you to warm up a profile more evenly. Due to this, it is possible to prevent the appearance of internal stresses in the structure of bent material and other disorders. However, expensive and bulky equipment for the "wet" heating is not available from all manufacturers.
Opinion of a specialist
For the manufacture of non-standard window blocks, the tree for several reasons is the most suitable material. First of all, because wooden profiles are more resistant to loads leading to undesirable bends. In addition, the ability to keep fasteners, the strength of the angular compounds of wooden frames and sash is somewhat higher than made from PVC profiles (despite the presence in the last metal liner). Inconale, a tree, in contrast to plastic, is practically not subject to thermal expansion. The specified geometry of the sash does not change during the operation - if, of course, the material for the window served as a high-quality glued bar. Thus, it is possible to produce windows and balcony doors up to 2800mm tall (with a width of 800mm), as well as the curiosity of the most complex shape without fears for their reliability and durability.
Most recently there were technologies that allow to protect curly windows with curved lines from atmospheric influences using protective-decorative aluminum linings, which significantly increased the performance characteristics and expanded their scope.
Dmitry Yakubov, General Director of Rudupis
The curvilinear areas of PVC profiles are not reinforced (the metal liner can not bend over a given radius simultaneously with its surrounding PVC profile without damaging the latter). It is aware, it is impossible to firmly firmly fix the accessories-loops, "scissors", fixing the sash in the open position, IT.D., as well as the strengthening design elements - the impress. This, in turn, imposes restrictions on the maximum dimensions of the structures and the ways to open them. Thus, the diameter of the round open window with a single-chamber double-glazed window should be no more than 1200mm, with necessarily the presence of a horizontal or vertical reinforced immobility to which the loops are fixed. The window of the bent profile greatly loses with its rectangular brethren by the ability to resist hacking, due to the fact that they have sections without reinforcement. Therefore, they need to install protective structures.
but. | 
b. | 
in. |
G. | 
d. | 
e. |
Models of windows: but - with a deaf framuga; B. - with opening framuga; D. - deaf from PVC profiles; E. - Wooden with three opening flaps.
Models of wooden windows with false hills: in - stylized under ancient, with framuga and decorated impost; G. - Modern type.
The search for the most successful constructive and technological solution in each case requires an individual approach. And even with difficult openings and sometimes impossible customer requirements, it is often possible to find a compromise: half a day instead of the arch, strengthening the design with additional imposses and plying the glass unit into the sash, the optimal combination of deaf and opening parts. For example, the arched window in the tightness indicator does not inferrect rectangular, it is better to do it with a deaf top separated by a horizontal impress, and a lower rectangular sash (sash), which can be opened in any way.
Arched structures are made of aluminum. Aluminum window profiles are bended by cold rolling on rolling machines. The minimum bend radius usually does not exceed three profile heights. This technology provides the invariance of the size of the profile cross section, and its strength does not suffer. Alas, the need to recoup expensive equipment dictates a high price of windows, made using a bent profile: 1M2 arched aluminum window costs in 2-2.5 years more expensive than 1m2 ordinary.
Opinion of a specialist
The issue of manufacturing "non-standard" is not regulated by the general technological documentation regarding the production of PVC windows, and is primarily on the experience of the company in this area. To solve such tasks, special equipment, equipment and, of course, qualified masters, whose training is possible only in practice. To get stable quality products, such as arched elements, first inevitably you have to spend a large amount of material for marriage. Alas, individual enterprises, whose employees do not have the necessary knowledge, can take an order for any "non-standard", without warning the client about existing technical restrictions. At the same time, the level of complexity will determine the high price of products, which does not guarantee the appropriate quality. Therefore, before ordering a non-standard form, size or configuration window in a particular company, you need to ask her experience in the field of manufacturing such structures.
Gregory Alyaev, Head of the Training Department of Profin Rus
Wooden arched, round and other similar windows are made, sawing the part from the pre-glued polygonal workpiece, and then the required grooves in it. This method increases the amount of waste and highly laborious, but it provides a high-precision fitting. The width of the Arch can be a minimum restriction of 300 mm caused by the fact that under the radius less than 150mm it is impossible to bend the aluminum remote glass frame (but this limitation is removed when using a flexible frame from polycarbonate). The price of an arched wooden window in 1.6-2.2radis is higher than the rectangular of the same area.
"Window Hobbit" | 
Architect in elegdinsh Photo K. Manko | 
Architect I. Knyazev Photo V.Vasiliev |
9. Blossy window from the color profile VEKA
10,11. The scale of figure translucent structures in the same building involves a herp professional approach to project and construction work. Only on this condition of the window will organically fit into the appearance of the house and its interior. Achetoba they did not deliver extra hassle during operation, ordering products follows only from leading manufacturers
From the corner to the angle. Triangular and trapezoidal windows are most often used in the attic and half-gardens floors. The windows of such a form organically fit into the frontones of the building; They can also be installed in Lugarne. This solution for the glazing of the attic is an alternative to the windows mounted in the roof.
But here is not going anywhere from technical restrictions. The minimum welding angle of PVC profiles depends on their type and capabilities of the equipment (most welding machines, the length of the heating elements does not exceed 210 mm). As a rule, the minimum angle under which it is possible to weld profiles is 30. In principle, they can be welded and under a sharper corner, but the seam will turn out to be unbled and its gap strength will not comply with the current standards (according to GOST30673-99 "Polyvinyl chloride profiles for Window and door blocks "it should be at least 70% of the strength of entire profiles). Here we were talking only about the deaf windows that are manufactured without the use of camp profiles. The minimum angle under which you can cook the profiles of the sash - 45. If the slope of the roof is less than 45, the trapezoidal openings are better in the front. Such a form of windows allows you to repeat the lines of the roof of the roof, but do without excessively sharp corners that would have a place in a triangular design.
Opinion of a specialist
When designing a house with non-standard window openings, it is advisable to consistently consult with a specialist from the firm producing the window. There are no cases when after measurement it turns out that by technological reasons it is impossible to make a plastic window for this opening, and if it is real, the strength and / or tightness of the design will be unsatisfactory. For example, if the radius of the curvature of the arch is less permissible values, the edges of the parts are deflected outward, and the appearance of the corrugations on the surface of the front walls. But even with a radius equal to six profile heights, the dimensions of its cross section in the bend is changed, which affects the quality of the gunner. Quite often, customers are asked to make translucent designs with more than 2,5m2 sash areas without imposses or with a large distance between them (fashionable French windows today), ignoring the fact that PVC profiles do not have sufficient strength to do so. The best materials for such windows and door models and wood or "warm" aluminum.
Vladimir Gorentsky, Leading technical specialist of the company YUKKO
From aluminum and wooden profiles (the first mates in the corners using connector inserted into the chambers, secondly by applying a straight thorns or key of polyamide), you can make windows with more acute corners: with opening flaps, about 30, with unchecked, about 20.
Triangular windows, as a rule, are equipped with a swivel or only with folding fittings, if possible, having a loop group on the side, which is opposite the most acute angle (otherwise the likelihood is that the sash will touch Falset boxes). The trapezoidal windows can be both swivel or folding and swivel-folding.
Theory of large numbers
French (and any other large-formatual) Incentive windows of PVC profiles can be made only if the size of the glazing fields and the mass of the glass packs do not exceed the maximum permissible values. Specialists of "window" firms determine their values in diagrams that are in the accompanying technical documentation for each profile system.
Limitations in size depend on the set of factors: the height and width of the profile, the thickness of the walls of the amplifier, the mass of the glass package, the type of the gun (shill, impress), the geometry of the sash. For most popular systems of five-chamber profiles - Brilliant-Design (Rehau), Expert (KBE), Softline (VEKA, all Germany), Chem L-700 (LG, Korea), Premium (Proplex, Austria), Suprema (Exprof, Russia) and many others are the maximum dimensions of the rectangular sash with a single-chamber double-glazed window are approximately 2100900mm, but with a width of 1500 mm height will already be less than 1500mm. In practice, the manufacturers of windows, as a rule, retreat from the maximum values specified in the technical documentation, to the smaller side and establish their limitations in the size of the sash for each type of construction.
Opinion of a specialist
Find out whether the company has in which you are going to order non-standard plastic windows, the experience of making such structures is not so difficult. Forward queue, ask the album with photos of glazed objects. It is desirable that there are windows, similar to those that you need. Next, find out which limitations can be using the desired design. If you are responsible that there are no restrictions, it is necessary to doubt the competence of the consultant and, accordingly, in the company's position in the market. Inone, find out the timing of the order. If, with a relatively small volume (for example, the glazing of the country house), they exceed 1 sees or the seller refuses to report them, which is most likely, the manufacture of windows is reputable to another firm naturally, this will affect the price.
Lion Minullin, Head of the Promotion of the Group of Companies "Proplex"
The most suitable for the production of large windows is rightfully considered aluminum profiles. Each system sweeps There are gradation of major profiles in height (visible width) depending on the calculated mass of the sash (50-400kg). But here the restrictions on the maximum area of double-glazed windows, depending on wind loads, are taken into account (the region, the type of terrain, the elevation of the installation is taken into account).
All colors RAL
Dream materialization
Any non-standard designs produce only to order. From the company comes a specialist who performs measurement (in the case of non-standard windows, it is necessary to make a geometric construction along a degree grid, and with incorrect geometry, the occasion is in place to make a template). If the company has all the necessary equipment, the time of execution of the order compared to standard windows will increase by 5-15 days (although, of course, it all depends on the degree of complexity of the task). If the help of adjustments will be required, the deadlines may increase 1mes and more. The cost of a non-standard window always calculates individually, no "calculators" available on the Internet sites of many firms will not help. Frequently increased and the cost of installation (the usual 10% of the price of windows is converted to 15 or even 20%).Raising coefficients for prices for non-standard plastic windows
| Type of windows | Coefficient |
|---|---|
| Arched | 1.3-1.6 |
| Triangular and trapezoidal | 1.2-1.4 |
| With a falsepartle | 1.2-1.4 |
| With one-sided lamination | 1,2 |
| With bilateral lamination | 1,3. |
The editors thanks Yucco, Rudupis, Euro-windows, "Hobbit Windows", "Rus", Rehau for help in the preparation of material.