Cia peb tham txog qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov tsev nrog thawj lub pob zeb thiab ntoo thib ob, ntxiv rau lawv cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev tsim kho.
Cia peb saib rau cov laj thawj rau lawv cov koob meej, thiab tom qab ntawd tshawb nrhiav seb nws puas xav muab cov ntoo nrog pob zeb.
Qhov zoo ntawm cov tsev ua ke
Lub tsev ua ke nyob rau lub sijhawm ntev. Los ntawm kev siv cov ntaub ntawv niaj hnub thiab kev qiv nyiaj los ntawm cov style ntawm Chalet (dav beamice skees, terraces), cov facades ntawm cov tsev zoo li zoo ib yam nkaus. Tib yam siv rau sab hauv uas nws yooj yim los ua ke, piv txwv, classic thiab lub teb chaws.Muaj ib qho kev tiv thaiv purely: txawm tias feem ntau cov thev naus laus zis ntawm cov huab tais muaj peev xwm ua kom lub neej muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj kev pabcuam siab dua, nws yog qhov cua zoo thiab muaj zog tsis tau rot Cov. Yog li, cov tswv tau ua kom tau qhov huab cua ntawm lub tsev ntoo yam tsis xav txog kev hloov pauv phab ntsa.
Xaiv Foundation
Thiab tam sim no peb tig mus rau cov teeb meem kev tsim kho thiab pib nrog kev xaiv ntawm lub hauv paus. Lub hauv paus ntawm kev tsim kho hnyav sib luag rau lub tsev semi-demonstant lub tsev yog qhov tsis haum. Nws yog qhov zoo dua rau sai sai tshem tawm cov nplua-gulled (ntab) daim kab xev thiab ntsia hlau piles. Ntawm thaj chaw qhuav uas koj tuaj yeem npaj chav hauv qab daus, lub hauv paus muaj zog puv ntoob tau muab ua ntej. Rau pawg av thoob qab, cov theem-khw muag khoom yog zoo meej. Lub "Swedish" phaj yog txhim khu kev qha thiab nyob rau ntawm subsidence, thiab nyob rau bunched xau.
Yog tias tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv sab hauv ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm thawj pem teb, kab teeb ntawm kev sib tshooj yog tsau rau thawj lub yas siv cov nkhaus.
Xaiv Xaiv Cov Khoom Siv Phab Ntsa
Tam sim no txog kev xaiv cov ntaub ntawv phab ntsa. Rau thawj theem, koj tuaj yeem siv txhua lub teeb thaiv, nrog rau ib qho ntawm cov kab sib txawv ntawm cov meated masonry (piv txwv li, ua npuas ncauj + cib).
Nws yog qhov nyuaj los txiav txim siab hauv av thib ob. Qhov tseeb, nws yuav tsum muab qhov tsawg kawg nkaus txiav, tsis tas yuav tsum tau caulking thiab txiav. Cov xwm txheej no tsuas yog mus rau cov kua nplaum bar. Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob qhuav hluav taws xob qhuav bar yog 60-70% pheej yig dua cov kua nplaum, tab sis muab ib qho ntsws tsawg kawg yog 6% thiab nws zoo li tsis tshua zoo vim yog tawg.
Lub tsev yuav tsum tau npog lub ru tsev sai li sai tau yog li ntawd qhov bar tsis ntub thiab pib rot
Nrog ib rooj plaub sib npaug, nws yog ntau yam uas muaj ntau ntxiv: lub tsev cav yuav tsum tso tsawg kawg ib xyoos, nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom tso cov ntoo ntoo. Cov nqaws ntawm lub cav yuav tau ntes, lwm txoj kev xaiv yog siv cov hluavtaws tuab (sandi-synthetic) foob thiab tawg los ntawm cov nqaws nrog cov hlua khi.
Nws tsis zoo li tias nws tsim nyog tau noj lub tsev thib ob los ntawm ib txwm tsis muaj pob zeb - cov phab ntsa yuav tawg tawm ntawm nws, txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav siv kim kim.
Txij li thaum lub sab nraum zoov rwb thaiv tsev ntawm chav tsev thib ob ib nrab ua txhaum lub tswv yim ntawm lub tsev sib xyaw ua ke, nws xav tau rau hauv tus account niaj hnub tiv thaiv ntawm cov tuam tsev. Cov kws tshaj lij tau pom zoo rau nruab nrab sawb ntawm Russia ib tug RAM nrog ib qhov dav ntawm 200-250 hli thiab lub cav ntawm 320-380 hli.
Yog hais tias rau phab ntsa ntawm thawj pem teb, lub pob zeb ua haujlwm yog siv nrog qhov ntom ntom ntawm tsawg dua 600 kg / voos xwm txheej. M, nyob rau sab saum toj. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau muab khi ua ke nrog ib qho siab ntawm 15-25 cm nrog lub spatial ncej ntawm 10 hli. Tsis muaj xws li ib qho nce, cov kab ntawm Masonry loj yuav tsis sawv ntsug ntawm kev sib tshooj. Tsis tas li ntawd, armropoyas tso cai rau koj los txhawb cav cov cav hauv qab lub ntaus ntawv sam thiaj nrog cov hlau consoles
Yuav ua li cas muab ib tsob ntoo thiab pob zeb
Npaj ntawm lub xaib rau mounting thawj yas
Raws li txoj cai, phab ntsa ntawm cib lossis block yog txaus kom dlej 3-5 cm tuab nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm txheej nrog lub zog loj me me nrog ib qho kev sib tw. Thaum kev tsim kho cov thermal rwb thaiv tsev npuas block, armopoyas yuav tsum muaj. Lub pob zeb txhawb tau nce kuj yog qhov tsim nyog yog tias lub tsev yuav txo qis ntawm cov kab nrib pleb hauv cov phab ntsa zeb thoob plaws cov ntawv pov thawj.
Qhib riglels los ntawm ib lub cav ntoo loj heev thiab rafters nrog peelurinely txo cov xaus ntawm kev sib thooj ntawm kev coj ua ntawm lub tsev architions. Rau cov qauv zoo li no, nws raug nquahu kom siv cov kua nplaum ntoo, tsis yog indescene thiab kev tawg
Npaj ntawm thawj yas
Thaum kev tsim kho ntawm kev yug menyuam, hauv qab ntawm lub siab tawv tawv yog tiaj tus nyob rau ntawm qhov dav ntawm ib qho zias loj dua, thiab tom qab ntawd du qha cov txiaj ntsig. Thawj cov yas yog tsim nyog rau ob zaug ua nrog ib tus antiseptic. Yog tias lub cav ntoo profiled siv, nws yog ntshaw kom muab piv rau lub tsev fuabtais protrusions los ntawm nws qab nto. Cov Broding Board yuav tsum tsuas yog los ntawm Larch.Tus tub rog nyob hoom
Puas yog nws yuav tsum tau Mount lub siab tawv tawv rau sab sauv ntawm Masonry los ntawm Anyoneors (qiv nyiaj yuav tsev)? Feem ntau, qhov no, ntawm chav kawm, yuav ua kom muaj zog thiab ua kom nruj ntawm lub thawv hauv tsev. Txawm li cas los xij, kev ua haujlwm thiab kev coj ua qhia tias tsis muaj sijhawm siv Anchoring tuaj yeem ua tiav - los ntawm qhov pom ntawm cov tsev ntawm lub tsev nyob rau hauv nws tsis tas yuav muaj.
Thawj hauv pem teb ntawm lub zog-efficieccess skeleton lub tsev yog plastered
Ob txheej ntawm ib qho steel galvanized daim phiaj, thiab thib ob - chaw nyob ntawm lub faadeade board, qog ua lub sijhawm. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, lub tsev sab nraud yog indistinguishable los ntawm kev sib xyaw
Kev ua kom tsis muaj dej
Pob zeb Masonry, txawm tias ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm ntau dua 2.5 m ntawm hauv av, noo nrog cov khoom los nag, yog li cov yas ntoo ntawm nws thiab busting yas. Nws tseem ua txoj haujlwm ntawm lub foob - daring hauv qab qhov loj ntawm bar (BRIC), them rau me me tsis xwm yeem thiab tiv thaiv cov tshuab ntawm kev sib koom ua ke. Qhov zoo tshaj dej waterproofing yog lub iav Christmaker impregnated nrog bitumen. Lub thickness ntawm cov khoom yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg 5 hli, nws yuav tsum tau glued rau lub hauv paus ntawm lub hauv paus.Bison flooring
Feem ntau cov feem ntau npaj kev sib tshooj ntawm cov nqaj ntoo, uas tau muab tso rau ntawm cov protrusions ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm thawj pem teb. Reinforced qhob slab ratedlapping (prefabricated lossis monolithic) yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej pib tsim ntawm ntoo ntawm lub tsev. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov slab yuav tsum yog qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob therally los ntawm contour.
Tsoos lub tais
"Dovetail"
Zais tus txiv
Thaum txhim kho lub thawv los ntawm cov kua nplaum ntawm cov kua nplaum tuaj yeem siv tau - cov tsoos tsho (a), "Lobby Tail" (B) lossis zais (b); Qhov kev xaiv yog nyob ntawm kev teeb tsa ntawm lub tsev thiab cov kev xav ntawm cov qhua tuaj noj mov rau cov tsos ntawm cov facades. Raws li txoj cai, thawj yas muab tso rau hauv ob lub hnab khiab ntawm antiseptic larch
Chimney sib koom ua ke nyob rau hauv phab ntsa thiab tig nrog ntuj ntuj, Facade glazing thiab cov nqi ntawm lub tsev, tab sis nce tus nqi ntawm kev kwv yees thiab complicate cov txheej txheem qub
Ua ke hauv tsev neeg: Xaiv ib tus neeg ua haujlwm
Cov tuam txhab tshwj xeeb thiab Universal ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho kev tsim kho. Tus thawj tej hauj lwm muaj ib lub pab pawg neeg ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, thaum tau raws li ib tug ntshiab faib mus rau hauv "Mason" thiab "carpenters". Qhov thib ob, raws li txoj cai, muab cov ntawv cog lus tsis raug cai nrog cov kab lag luam me me thiab cov brigandes me me. Xa mus rau lub tuam txhab thoob ntiaj teb, koj tau tshem ntawm qhov yuav tsum tau tshawb rau masters thiab teeb tsa kev tsim kho.
Lwm txoj hauv kev cuam tshuam rau kev sib cuag ywj pheej nrog cov tuam txhab kws kos duab thiab cov tuam txhab tshwj xeeb, yog qhia kom ua lub hauv paus thiab thawj chav ntoo thiab npog nws nrog lub ru tsev. Nrog txoj kev no, nws yuav luag ib txwm ua tau kom ua kom muaj kev pheej yig dua thiab ua tau zoo ntawm kev tsim kho. Tab sis nws tsis yooj yim sua kom tsis saib xyuas qhov xaus ntawm cov kev tsim kho ntawm cov neeg, uas cov kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov tuam txhab yuav tsum tau muab tshuaj. Hauv kev cog lus nrog "Masonicians" nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los suav nrog ib qho khoom ntawm kev teeb tsa ntawm lub teeb tsa txheej thiab thawj yas.
