Kwa zaka mazana ambiri, uvuni uvunsi ku Russia, kenako mu Ufumu wa Russia umunthu wabwino. Ng'ombe ili ikhoza kugulidwa lero. Timanena kuti ndi zabwino zake komanso osalakwitsa ndi chisankho.
Chithunzi: Gutbrod Keramik
Mailosi samayang'anizana ndi ng'anjo chabe, komanso chubu utsi, ndipo nthawi zambiri mkati mwa malo ogona kunyumba. Chithunzi: "Conramics Yokongoletsa"
Ma tambala apamwamba amakhala matayala ang'onoang'ono a mawonekedwe apadera: mbali yawo yakumbuyo ili ndi mbali yokhala ndi khomo - dip. Kapangidwe ka bokosi kumakupatsani mwayi wolumikizirana ndi njerwa kuyika mabwalo a waya kudutsa mabowo kumbali.
Matailosi amapaka utoto. Zida zamakono ndizosiyanasiyana ndikuloleza kuti mupange mapaketi owala ndi ma totel. Chithunzi: Gutbrod Keramik
Chithunzi: "Conramics Yokongoletsa"
Mndandanda wa Ndembi:
Ndokhomo zomanga zinali zofala ku Russia kale mu NTHAWI za XVII. Kalanga ine, kwa tsiku lomwe ambiri mwa iwo chinabwera kumangidwanso kapena mobwerezabwereza, motero nkovuta kwambiri kubwezeretsa mawonekedwe oyamba; Munthu akhoza kungoganiza kuti ziphuphu zonse zoterezi zimathandizidwa zoyera.Zoyeserera pang'ono (mnyumba ya juvychi shumilova ku gorokhova mu torkovet, etcrity-shagiyee pabortive, koma osagona, uvuni ndi owotcha. Ndiye kuti, amangoyenda motentha. Dongosolo lotere lidakhazikitsidwa pakona ya chipindacho kapena loop lokhala ndi zida zapadera (pofuna kutentha zipinda ziwiri zoyandikana). Nthawi zina kapangidwe kake kunali ndi njira yamafuta, yomwe idaloledwa kupondaponda ndi seine.
Koma ma tailosiwo amasungidwa osiyanasiyana. M'zaka za zana la XVI Iwo anali okongoletsedwa ndi njira yotsitsimutsa popanda kuntha komanso yonyezimira ndipo inali ndi mtundu wa dongo lotentha. Pambuyo pake, zaka zambiri zotsatila zokongoletsedwa ndi zobiriwira ("zoyenera" ndi "Mars"), ndipo munthawi ya Peter, tinali ndi matabwa oyera oyera okhala ndi mawonekedwe a buluu (delft matalala).
Nyimbo Zomangira Masiku Ano
Masiku ano, timagulu tating'ono timapangidwa ndi makampani angapo aku Russia - "Vesta-Consermes", "Etamini Maitolika", "Ndikotheka kuyitanitsa tochi ndi Ng'ombe yachitsulo, komanso yoyesedwa (moder) yochokera ku ChaMot. Ndipo pamapeto pake, zowoneka bwino zimapezeka pamitundu ina ya masinthidwe a zitsulo.
Akatswiri amakono amakono ndi ambuye amakono amachita bwinobwino ndikukonzanso masitomboni owala m'zipinda zachifumu ndi amonke.
Chithunzi: "Masters Guald"
Chithunzi: "Conramics Yokongoletsa"
Ubwino wa ma concehd ndi malo oyaka moto
Poyamba, lankhulani za zabwino za "zokutira" kuchokera ku Cerramics.
Matawa osalala omwe ali ndi chithunzi chomwe chimayambitsidwa ndi enamel - khadi ya bizinesi ya Sukulu ya Starneeesecian. Chithunzi: Gutbrod Keramik
Chithunzi: "Conramics Yokongoletsa"
Ntchito yayikulu ya Soles imakhala yokongoletsa, koma mikhalidwe ina ya mapiri ya ceramic imakhala yamtengo wapatali nthawi zonse, makamaka - kulimba komanso kusamala mosamala. Ndi malo osalala kwambiri, ndizosavuta kuchotsa fumbi ndi zodetsa zina, chifukwa cha ng'anjo nthawi zonse zimawoneka modekha ndipo sizimanunkhira ngati Garti.
Kuyang'anizana ndi matailosi otaya zinyalala kudzapangidwa mu masabata 2-3. Ntchito imodzi imakhazikitsidwa mpaka miyezi itatu.
Chithunzi: "Conramics Yokongoletsa"
Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwake, ma ceramics ovala bwino ali ndi katundu nthawi yomweyo kudzipatula ndikudziunjikira, ndiye kuti, makoma a chipangizocho sagawanika, thanthweli Pang'onopang'ono kuzizira usiku, komwe kumawonjezeka kwambiri ndi kutonthoza kwa ng'ani. Pankhaniyi, nyama ya ng'anjo ya ng'anjoyo zimadalira m'lifupi (kutalika) kwa rmp ndi ma takitala.
Tsatanetsatane wa malo osonkhanitsa okhala ndi nkhope ya ceramic
Makina Owona: Igor SIGHHhagigin / BRETA Media
Chithunzi: "Conramics Yokongoletsa"
Momwe mungapangire matayala
Matumba aluso pakukonzekera mapulani a zochitika masiku ano, monga masiku akale, amapangidwa pamanja. Kuyang'anizana, kuwonjezera pa matailosi wamba (Khoma), nthawi zambiri kumaphatikizapo base, lamba, cordice, cortes, ma sheluces, ma aneloni ndi zipilala.
Mulingo wokhazikika mu matailosi kulibe - zonse zimatengera miyeso ndi mawonekedwe a ng'anjo, komanso dongosolo laluso la zolaula; Kukula kwa makoma a matailosi nthawi zambiri kumakhala 7-10 mm.
Chithunzi: "Conramics Yokongoletsa"
Njira yogwirira ntchito ku matailosi (Chimney Set) imayamba ndikupanga zojambula ndi mitundu, nthawi zambiri pulasitiki. Ndi zitsanzo zimapangitsa kuti zikhale m'manja ndikupeza mitundu ya gypsum. Amawuma, kenako dzazani dongo, nthawi zambiri ndi kuwonjezera kwa cruramic crumb, miyala yabwino kapena mchenga. Mu mawonekedwe awa, zolembedwazo zimasungidwa pachipinda chouma kwa sabata limodzi kuti dongo lisasokoneze kuwombera. Kenako, matailosiwo amawombera ("bakha" yoyamba) yowombera mu ntchentche yapadera yomwe ikufotokozedwa bwino, kenako penti, yokutidwa ndi mpweya woteteza ndikuwotcha yachiwiri; Zitha kukhala zofunikira mpaka miyala isanu - kutengera kuchuluka kwa enamel ndi glates.
Kampani iliyonse imakhala ndi zokongoletsera zantchito komanso zokongoletsera zokhazokha, koma palibe zomwe zimalepheretsa kasitomala kuti apereke zojambula zanu kapena kungowonetsa malingaliro okhudzana ndi mawonekedwe kapena chiwembu cha zojambula zam'tsogolo. Apa mutha kupereka ufulu wambiri wa zongopeka - mwachitsanzo, yesani kuphatikiza njira ya "Delft" yamakono, kopetsani mapangidwe a nthano za Russia nthano ya Russian munjira yatsopano.
| Mau abwino | Zowopsa |
|---|---|
Chitetezo Chowonjezereka: Maso a ceramic samatha kutentha mpaka kutentha 60 ° C, ndizosatheka kuwotcha khoma la ng'anjo. | Mtengo waukulu (poyerekeza ndi njerwa zosavuta, komanso zoposa bajeti). |
Kutentha kusonkhanitsa katundu. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito bokosi lazitsulo, madera amayang'anizana ndi chotchinga panjira ya "hard" yolimba yopanda mphamvu, amasonkhanitsa kutentha ndikuwapatsa pang'onopang'ono. | Kukula kwakukulu, nthawi zambiri kumapangitsa kuyika ng'anjoyo popanda maziko kapena kugundana. |
Yosavuta kusamalira. Kuchokera pansi pazinthu zam'madzi, kuipitsidwa kulikonse kumachotsedwa mosavuta. Ndiwoweka ku zovuta za asidi ndi ma sol sol. | Kusakaniza kotsika kuwonongeka kwa makina ndi zovuta zokonza zokumana nazo. |
Mipata yachilendo yapakatikatikati mwazinthu zosiyanasiyana. |
Ukadaulo Womanga
Gawo la Ntchito Yomanga matayala apamwamba ponena kuti njerwa ndikuyang'ana pa nthawi imodzi. Nthawi yomweyo, magulu a matailosi amagwirizanitsidwa ndi zikhomo zina (ndodo) ndi mabatani ndikukhazikitsa pamakoma a waya ndi zigawo zopindika za waya. Tile imayikidwa intustovoy, koma malo owala ndi malo pakati pa ma rigasi oyandikana nawo ali ndi mwayi wodzala ndi dongo kapena kavalidwe kakang'ono (miyala yaying'ono).
Pali matekinoloje kuti alekanitsidwa ndi matailosi ndi uvuni womwe wamangidwa kale. Mwachitsanzo, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zomangamanga kapena zomangamanga pamsewu chifukwa chaichi, zomwe zimakhazikika ku ng'anjo yokhala ndi zitsulo zachitsulo, ndipo zimalumikizana kale. Kapena, kudula rump, ingolumikizani zigawo zowonera ndi guluu, mwachitsanzo, Holfshöher Tlowerke) kapena scanmix. Njira yotsatsa ndi yotsika mtengo kuposa yaying'ono ndipo imachepetsa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zowoneka, koma sizipanga kutentha kwabwino.
Mafuta owoneka bwino amakhala okonzeka kwambiri ndi monochrome zolaula, koma matailosiwo amatha kumezedwa. Chithunzi: Hein.
Ngati ng'anjo kapena malo oyaka moto ndi chitsulo kapena ng'anjo yachitsulo, ndiye kuti pali njira zingapo zokhalira olowerera. Nthawi zambiri, ng'anjoyo imayikidwa ndi njerwa kapena konkriti za kuwala, kenako ndikudula matailosi.
Njira ina imakhudza kupanga zitsulo zopanga zitsulo (mwachitsanzo, kuchokera pakona) - wodziyimira pawokha kapena wowonda m'makoma a ng'anjo. Kukula kwa waya, mbale ndi mabatani zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kukhomeredwa ma tailes to chimango.
Pomaliza, nkhope zitha kukhala zodzithandiza: matayala okhala ndi njerwa ambiri amaikidwa njerwa, patali ndi makoma a ng'anjo, osalankhulana ndi waya, ndodo, komanso m'malo ena maluso achitsulo.
Zomanga popanda RMP imatha kukhala yolumikizidwa ndi guluu wotetezeka. Chithunzi: "Vesta-Ceramics"
Njira zosiyira poyatsira moto (ng'anjo) bokosi
- Mphamvu ya mafuta. Ngati chipangizocho chikukonzekera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gwero lalikulu la kutentha, maulendo ophukira ndi nthawi yozizira dzikolo, ndiye kuti formula iyenera kutsatiridwa: 1 KW of Manrrmal Porter Polimalo chipindacho .
- Zinthu. Tengani zinthu zachitsulo zimadziwika kuti ndizokhazikika. Ngati ng'anjo yachitsulo ndi, ndikofunikira kuti chisomo chake chimapangidwa chitsulo, ndipo makhomawo amatetezedwa ndi chingwe cha makonda.
- Mtundu wa khomo. Kwa malo oyatsira moto, ndibwino kusankha bokosi la moto wokhala ndi chikhalidwe chachikhalidwe, osati khomo lokweza. Mapangidwe osunthika pansi pa chitsulo adzathandiza ma flap.
- Kukhalapo kwa ntchito zamasamba ozizira komanso galasi loyera. Zosankha izi zimawonjezera mphamvu ya chipangizocho ndikusintha ntchito yake.
- Kukhalapo kwa ntchito yoyaka kwakutali. Monga lamulo, makabobolemu oterowo ali ndi zowongolera zolondola za mpweya komanso schiber pa malo ogulitsira. Ndiwokongola kwambiri ndipo amatha kugwira ntchito pa nkhuni imodzi mpaka 4 h.
Lamba. Chithunzi: "Conramics Yokongoletsa"
Mabwato
Chithunzi: "Vesta-Ceramics"
Masiku ano, osati chowotcha chotchinga chodziwika bwino chomwe sichikhala pove. Zogulitsa zojambulajambula zopangidwa ndi chitsulo cholumikizira kapena chitsulo chimakhala chosavuta pa mayendedwe ndi kukhazikitsa komanso chovuta: moyo weniweniwo ndi zaka 2040.
Mutha kumangiriza ma tailes a mtundu uliwonse wa mtundu uliwonse wa fiber, angular komanso ngalande. Ndikofunikira kusankha njira yolumikizira matayala.
Chithunzi: "Vesta-Ceramics"
Makampani akunja abx, la a Nordaca, ankhan ndipo ena amatulutsa malo oyaka ndi nkhope yamiya. Zachidziwikire, izi sizomangirira, koma mawu achidule, koma kunja, amabereka zinthu zachikhalidwe, ndipo pali zinthu zochepa kuchokera kwa iwo. Nthawi yomweyo, malo owotcha moto ambiri samangokhala okongola, komanso amakhala ndi ntchito zopatsa chidwi, kuphatikiza mpweya wokhazikika, kutentha kokhazikika kolumikiza gawo lamadzi.
Chithunzi: "Conramics Yokongoletsa"
Chithunzi: "Conramics Yokongoletsa"
Chithunzi: "Masters Guald"
Chithunzi: "Conramics Yokongoletsa"
Atalandira ntchito yopanga, kampaniyo imachita zofanizira zingapo za 3d, kuyesa mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe. Chithunzi: "Masters Guald"
Kumangidwanso kwa "Dutch", chokongoletsedwa ndi malo oyera oyera, ndi abwino mkati mwa mawonekedwe apamwamba. Chithunzi: "Masters Guald"
Ma tails a ng'anjowa amakongoletsa mwamwambo ndi zodzikongoletsera za geometric ndi masamba. Chithunzi: "Masters Guald"
Nthawi zambiri - zithunzi za nyama zenizeni komanso zabwino. Ngakhale nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito zojambulajambula. Chithunzi: "Masters Guald"
Mtengo wa malo oyaka opangidwa ndi mawonekedwe okonzedwa ndi nkhope zamimba umayamba ku ma ruble 110,000. Chithunzi: Abx.
Mitundu yambiri ndiomwe amapatsa mphamvu, popeza ali ndi ntchito yazitsulo zamitundu. Chithunzi: Abx.
Ng'ombe zomayikira zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kutentha kwambiri. Chithunzi: Kumkati.
Maulendo akuluakulu a zitsulo zakale ndi mapangidwe amakono komanso zosankha zabwino. Chithunzi: Piazztta.
Colols ndiovuta pakupanga ndi kukhazikitsa kuposa matailosi wamba. Chifukwa chake, kuposa kusintha kwa ng'anjo (poyatsira moto), matayala okwera mtengo adzawononga ndalama zambiri, ndipo ntchito itenga nthawi yambiri. Chithunzi: "Conramics Yokongoletsa"
Kudziyesera nokha kuyenera kutsimikiza kukhazikika ndi waya ndi ndodo. Chithunzi: "Vesta-Ceramics"
Nthawi zina ndimakanikizira zotsatsa gwiritsani ntchito pulasitala. Chithunzi: "Vesta-Ceramics"
Zinthu zowoneka - ngodya. Chithunzi: "Conramics Yokongoletsa"