Terase, umurima wa siporo, rozari - ibi byose birashobora kuba ku gisenge cyagenwe. Ikintu nyamukuru nuguhitamo kwishinyagura neza nibindi bigize pie yinzu, bigereranywa nimiterere yimiterere.
Ifoto: Shutterstock / Fotodom.ru
Ibipimo byubucuzi kabiri Ruf Ttani (Rockwool), Uburebure 1000-2400 mm, ubugari bwa mm 600-1200 mm, ubugari bwa 60-200 mm (MP 4928 Rubles / M³). Ifoto: Urutare.
Mu ntangiriro, tuzasobanura amagambo. Kuhanamye hejuru yinzu bigabanijwemo amashanyarazi kandi neza. Abana b'amazi ba mbere, hiyongereyeho ibikoresho byo gusakara, bitanga amazi karemano mu buhungiro. Gukomera kw'inzu iringaniye ntibiterwa n'inguni y'ahantu ho kuruhukira, iyi ni ibisubizo byo gukoresha ibikoresho byihariye nibisubizo bya tekiniki.
Ubusitani bwera hejuru ni inzozi zihenze, hamwe nicyayi cyicyayi hamwe numuryango cyangwa inshuti bishyirwa mu kigereranyo cyiza cyane. Byongeye kandi, ibimera bibi ni byiza cyane mu buriri bwa kure. Kandi kuki utategura ubusitani bwimbeho hagati yinyubako? N'ubundi kandi, igisenge kirambuye cyaguka ibintu byo gutegura igenamigambi. Ifoto: Shutterstock / Fotodom.ru
Kwinjiza igisenge kirambuye isover ol-p, amasahani 1190 × 1380 × 100 mm, (4800. / M³). Ifoto: "Saint-Gobeben"
Na none, ibisenge bimenetse bigabanijwemo ibidakoreshwa kandi bigakorwa. Kudakoreshwa gukora gusa imikorere yimikorere nyamukuru, kandi abantu bagaragara hariya gusa serivisi zikenewe. Igishushanyo mbonera gikoreshwa gishoboka gukoresha kariya gace nkubutaka bwo kwidagadura, ikibuga cyimyidagaduro, nibindi bitandukanya ibisenge ni ukubaho kw'ibisenge hejuru y'amazi. Irashobora gutandukanya imbaho zamaterali, amabati ya ceramic ndetse no hasi hamwe nibyatsi cyangwa ibimera byatewe, impamvu ubwoko bwinzu ikoreshwa bukunze kwitwa greine. Kandi munzira, igisenge kibase kifungura ibishoboka byo kubaka Icyumba (giteganijwe numushinga), mugihe igihe cyimari cyiza gishobora gutegereza igisenge cyigihe gito.
Igisenge gakondo cyangwa kibanga?
Urufatiro rwigisenge kibase rurimbutse kuva kuri monolithic cyangwa preseté yicyuma, amabati yerekeranye na steel atandukanya, nibindi.
Kubishushanyo, ibisenge bimenetse bigabanyijemo gakondo no guhinduka. Mu rubanza rwa mbere, inzitizi z'imyuka yuzuye hejuru, ni amasahani ahigana ubushyuhe, kandi kuva hejuru - igisenge cy'amazi, ni ukuvuga igisenge.
Ibintu byo kuvoma imbere - Amazi. Bashyizwe ku bice byo hejuru. Abakire amazi bafite amashanyarazi ashyushya neza mugihe ubundi buryo bwo kwishyura. Ifoto: Urutare.
Igisenge cyanduza gikwiranye nubushobozi gakondo bwibice byubaka. Hano, ibijyanye no kurwanya amazi maremare, biherereye hejuru y'amatapi, kandi ibya nyuma biri ku nyubako ishyigikiye. Muri iki gihe, urwego rwibihe rurinzwe kwizerwa mu byangiritse kandi biri mu karere k'ubushyuhe bwiza, bigira ingaruka ku bikorwa byaryo. Nyuma ya byose, inzinguzingo-defrost yinkari irasenya ahantu hose. Igisenge cyahindagurika kiruta gakondo mubijyanye no kuramba. Muri yo, ikintu nyamukuru cyurubuga rufunze - kirinzwe amazi meza - irinzwe neza ningaruka zo hanze. Kandi by the way, biroroshye rwose guhindura igisenge nkicyo kintu na kimwe, birahagije gusinzira hamwe nigice cya sandbrevia, no hejuru yacyo gishira ibisate.
Isahani yerekana ibintu bifatika izakora nk'urufatiro rwizewe ku gitsina gitandukanye cyo hejuru, harimo urwego rwo hejuru rwo guhatanira ibijumba cyangwa ubutaka burumbuka.
Igiciro cya 1 m² ya beto cyangwa ibyuma bifatika byinzu, bitwaye ubushobozi bwinshi bwintangarugero ya shelegi, inshuro 2 zirenze igishushanyo mbonera cyibiti. Ifoto: "ECOSTROY"
Igisenge kiringaniye cy'inzu y'igihugu
| Inyungu | Ibibi |
|---|---|
| Kubera agace kari hasi yinzu, ibikoresho bike birasabwa kuruta gahunda yo gutegura igishushanyo mbonera. | Ikarabanire zikora, zirema umutwaro ukomeye wo kurengana, kandi rimwe na rimwe ku rufatiro, utange icyiciro cyinzu. |
| Gushiraho pie ibisenge byoroshye kandi bifata umwanya muto kuruta hejuru yinzu. | Kubara kurenganya, kwizirika uburemere bwumutwaro wurubura, bizakenera gushushanya no kongera agaciro kayo. |
| Gukomeza cyane igisenge. | Imitunganyirize ya sisitemu yo hanze cyangwa imbere ikenewe, igenzura rihoraho kuri bo kugirango baburire gusenyuka no gukonjesha ku bushyuhe bubi. |
| Kuboneka kwa serivisi. | Ntibishoboka gukoresha ibikoresho gakoko gakoko gitwikiriye. |
| Mu gihe cy'itumba, ingofero ya shelegi igira uruhare rwa peculiar yongeyeho kwigomeka. | Kugenzura bisanzwe byo gukomera kwinzu kugirango wirinde kumeneka. |
| Ihitamo hamwe nigisenge cyakoreshejwe gitanga ahantu h'ingirakamaro muburyo butandukanye. |
Amazi ku gisenge
Ntabwo ari ibanga ku karika y'amazi bigira ingaruka mbi ku iramba ry'inzu iringaniye kandi rishobora gutera gusenya buhoro buhoro igishushanyo mbonera. Kubwibyo, umurimo wamazi uyobora hejuru yinzu ni ngombwa cyane. Ifasha gukemura icyobo ruto mubyakoreshejwe tekinike yubaka cyangwa sisitemu yo gukangurira. Kurugero, hejuru yinzu hamwe nishingiro ryumwirondoro, ahantu hahanamye, shiraho imiterere ifatanye, kandi hafashwe ingamba zirimo. Urubanza urwo arirwo rwose, ahantu hahanamye cyangwa inguni yo gushimisha igisenge cy'igisenge kugera ku gisenge hakurikijwe SP 17.13330.011 "ibisenge", bigomba kuba byibuze 1.5%. Ibi birakenewe kugirango ubone amazi adatangajwe kugirango ushushanye fuin funnel, zishyizwe hamwe mumanota yo hasi yinzu.Gupfumba hejuru yurupapuro rwuzuye
1 - gutwara ibyuma; 2 - urwego ruvuga imyumbati; 3 - Amasahani yubushyuhe RIF bath bats n oft / optima (rockwool); 4 - Igice cyo kwinjiza Ruf Bati muri Optima (Rockwool); 5 - Gufunga imashini zogushinyagurira mu bushyuhe munsi; 6 - gufunga imashini ya membranes oprooof; 7 - Urutare ruva muri PVC. Ifoto: Urutare.
Icyo Gushyushya igisenge
Amasahani XPS Teknonack Carbone Prof, Ingano 1180 × 580 × 30-100 mm (kuva 196 Rables / M²). Ifoto: Tehtonol
Mugihe cyo kwinjiza ubushyuhe bwibisenge byubwoko gakondo mubwubatsi bwa Cottage, amashyiga yimbaraga za firmesi, hamwe nimbaraga za compression - byibuze 40 KPA), byibuze 40. Bashyizwe mubice bimwe cyangwa byinshi, bitwikiriye ibyapa byo hejuru bya slacks shingiro, birinda kugaragara kw'ikiraro gikonje. Kuri shingiro, umusuku wamashure arashizwemo cyangwa ashyizwe muburyo bwa mashini. Kubijyanye nigisenge cyakoreshwaga, ubucucike bwacyo bukabije nibyingenzi. Indangagaciro zirabarwa, zishingiye kubintu bitandukanye, ariko mbere ya byose - kuva muburemere bwashyizwe hejuru yubushyuhe bwimiterere. Ku isoko ryacu hari ibintu byinshi bishimishije bishya byerekana ubushyuhe.
Filime ya Anti-Imizi Delta-Imizi (Dörken) kuva polyethylene kugirango urinde neza igisenge cyamazi hamwe nubutaka bunini. Ifoto: Dörken.
Ubusitani bunini kandi bukomeye
Amasahani Ursa XPS N-III, Ingano 1250 × 600 × 6-100 MM (kuva 190 Rables / M²). Ifoto: Ursa.
Kuri ubutunzi, ibimera bikoresha neza guhuza ibisenge kandi ntukeneye kwitabwaho byihariye, nka moss, ibisambo, ibinyampeke, ibyatsi bidasanzwe. Ubusitani bukomeye burimo ibimera byinshi bitandukanye, bisaba kwitabwaho: kuvomera no kugaburira. Irashobora kuba ubwatsi bwa nyakatsi, ibihuru, ibihingwa bya nyakatsi ndetse n'ibiti. Hamwe na verisiyo ivanze ahantu hamwe nubutaka bukabije, ibihuru cyangwa ibiti byatewe hamwe na zone zitandukanye.
Ifoto: "Bruns Park"
Sisitemu yinzu yakozwe hamwe no gutwika ubutaka hamwe nibihingwa bibisi bya tn-igisenge icyatsi kibisi
1 - ubutaka hamwe nibihingwa bibisi; 2 - Yashimangiye umushinga wa membrane geo; 3 - Logroof V-Gr Polymer Membrane; 4 - Amasahani ahisha ashyushye pir scm / scm; 5 - Amasahani yo kwishyuza pink pir f / f; 6 - Yazunguye bipol epp; 7 - Premid Twerponiukoyol No 1; 8 - IHEREZO RY'IKINYAMAKURU RY'IST. Ifoto: Tehtonol
Amasahani yubucuzi kabiri
Plaque ya pir ikorwa na cashio-kwiyuhagira kumpande zombi na file, Noheri ya Noheri, kimwe noroshye cyangwa impera nziza. Ifoto: Tehtonol
Imizigo nini yakwirakwijwe mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho no gukora ibisenge bimesa, neza amasahani yo hejuru yimyanya ya cotton yo hejuru ya rotton yongeyeho / optima / standard (rockwool). Bafite imiterere ihuriweho cyane murwego rwo hejuru (hanze) hamwe nubucucike bwa 205 kg / m³ no hepfo (imbere) ubucucike bwa 120.
Bitandukanye nibisubizo gakondo bibiri, hifashishijwe isahani ebyiri zubunini bwamabanzi nkuru, birashoboka kugera kubushyuhe bukabije, kimwe no kwihutisha inzira yo kwishyiriraho ingano yo kwigarurira ibice 2. Igiciro cyo gupakira RUF batts d oftts d ofkima ifite ubunini bwamasahani 1000 × 600 mm, ubugari bwa mm 6-200 mm ziva kuri 490 kugeza 1440.
Amazi yo imbere yinzu yibisenge ntabwo byoroshye ingaruka zo mu kirere, iramba kandi yizewe kuruta hanze. Ifoto: Shutterstock / Fotodom.ru
Kubogama
Imwe mumpamvu nyamukuru zo kugabanya ubuzima bwa serivisi bwigisenge iringaniye bifitanye isano no kurengana cyangwa igikoresho kitari cyo gituje kandi, nkigisubizo cya zone kidahamye, hanyuma ugashyira hejuru, hejuru yayo. Nkuko imyitozo yerekana, kubogama keza k'inzu - byibuze 1.5% na contrulon - kuva 3%. Amashuri ahendutse (ceramzite, perlite) cyangwa imivange yibihaha (Polystyrene Foam polystone, ceramzitetone, pelitobetone, ubusanzwe ikoreshwa mugukora. Ubundi buryo nuburyo bwo gukoresha amasahani yinshi bwa polystrene ya polystrene (XPS) hamwe na Tekhnaonol CARBONOL CARBONOL CARBONOL PROFOL. Iyi ni isahani ifite umusozi wa 1.7% (amasahani a na b), 3.4% (amasahani j), gucamo ibice Polystyrene FILYSTYREE FILYSTYREE 40, 7 na 80 mm. Bazafasha gukemura ikibazo cya zone ziyongera kandi bagabanye umutwaro ku rufatiro kubera ubunini buke bwibikoresho. Kandi usibye, kwikuramo inzira zitose mugihe cyakazi ku gikoresho cyibintu, bikagabanya ibiciro byakazi no mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho igisenge. Igiciro cyo gupakira XPS Testikikol karubone, 1.7% ahantu hahanamye (amashyiga a), ingano ya 1200 × 600 × 600 × 20 mm - 1570.
Mu mwanya ushishikarizwa, amasahani akingura ubushyuhe bwimigezi ihinduka irashobora gukoreshwa, byoroshye gukora igitonyanga cyoroshye cyurwego rwinzu.
Igice cya kaburimbo cya ballast, gihambiriye hejuru ya marmterane, mu gisenge cya virusi itera nk'igisenge kidakoreshwa mu nzu. Ifoto: Shutterstock / Fotodom.ru
Amasahani.
Igisenge kibase, Ntagushidikanya, bizahangana n'uburemere buhagaze kuri yo n'ubuvuzi bwabanyamaguru kandi bazakora igihe kirekire ntaho bikoreshwa nk'amasahani, Izobud, Lisha Umukufi. Nibikoresho byibisekuru bishya bishingiye kuri polyenemiodionateanote (imwe mumoko ya polyurethane ikomeye). Ntiyagaragaye ku isoko ry'Uburusiya kera cyane, birakwiye rero kwibuka ko amasahani ya pir afite ubushyuhe bukabije: λ = 0.021-03 w / (m • k). Mugihe amasahani ya polystyrene ya polystyrene λ = 0.031.03.030 W / (m • k), no ku bisate byo mubwoya bwamabuye λ = 0, • k). Imiterere yibikoresho ifunze selile ifunze gaze yo mu bushyuhe buke (kuva 0,016 kugeza 0.022 w / (m • K), igaragara ko iri munsi yubushyuhe bwumuyaga (0.0266 W / (M • Imiterere nkiyi itanga imikorere minini kandi nziza yo kwishyuza ikirere, cyemeza uburinzi ntarengwa nyabwo hamwe nubwinshi bwamagana.Imbaraga nyinshi zo guhagarika amasahani ya pir yemerera kubishyira mubikorwa muri sisitemu yinzu ya igorofa ikoreshwa, aho zerekana ko irwanya imitwaro. Ikiguzi cya 1 M² cyo kwigarurira ubushyuhe Pir-plaque f / f mubunini 2385 × 1185 mm hamwe na mm 40 - kuva kuringaniza 505
Pir numwe mubyerekeranye na inzangano za none. Ifite imiterere yingenzi cyane mukubaka inzu yigenga ifite igisenge. Ubwa mbere, imikorere yo hasi yubushyuhe bwa pir plate yemerera kugabanya umubare wamakuru hamwe nuburemere rusange bwigisenge. Icya kabiri, ubuzima bwa serivisi bwubushyuhe burenze imyaka 50. Ntabwo gutinya ubushuhe, birarambye, ntibikururwa, bikaba bifite akamaro kanini muri stature na gahunda yinzu, harimo ibikoresho munsi yicyatsi kibisi. Ikintu cyingenzi mugihe cyo gushyiraho amasahani cyikigereranyo ni ukugiraho witonze kuri mugenzi wawe, utemerera icyuho, ukubaho kwacyo hagati yo gutakaza ubushyuhe, gukonjesha no gushinga inkunga. Wibuke: Pir Plates Plaque isubirwamo ibitagenda neza, kandi ibi, birumvikana, bigabanya imyumvire yubuntu kubikorwa byakozwe. Kubwibyo, insulation igomba gushyirwa hejuru yubumwe.
Vladimir Shalim.
Kuyobora ubuhanga bwa tekiniki ya sosiyete tekinike
Kwishyiriraho imiyoboro yo kwishyiriraho muri sisitemu yo kwirinda
Igice cya Gravel gisukwa mu rufatiro rumaze kuvugwa, gisuka, gitwikire hamwe n'ibice bibiri byo kuzunguruka amazi, hejuru y'imiyoboro y'amazi ya marmage geo (Teknonick) Geotext yashyizweho. Iyo uhuza imizingo, geotext yo hepfo yatandukanijwe nishingiro kugeza kumwanya wifuza kuri "docking" hamwe nurupapuro rukurikira
Nkuko imyenda mishya ishinga inkangu mumpande ndende kandi ngufi. Ko rero canvage canvage "ikomeje", inyanja yiziritse lente ya colatterband
Na geotextile - amashanyarazi abiri cyangwa ahantu habigenewe kuri geotextle, kubona urwego rwose
Ku gice cya Ballast (kuva kuri 40 mm), uduce dutegamike twa mm 20-40 no gupima byibuze kg 50 kg / m² birakoreshwa. Irashobora kurangiza ku gisenge kidakoreshwa, kandi iyo gikoreshwa kuri kaburimbo, gishyirwa mumarigi ceramic cyangwa guhagarika
Ifoto: Tehtoniyol (5)
