IHURIRO RY'INYUMA MU BIKORWA BYAHA. Ibikoresho fatizo, Ikoranabuhanga ryo kubobora, Gushiraho uburyo. Ibirango n'ibiteranyo.
Imbere imbere muri eitylele ntabwo asinziriye nta materi hasi
Uburyo bwo Gukora, Nkamategeko, yubatswe kumabara nubururu. Ariko amabara atukura na karemano (umucanga, igishanga) birakunzwe cyane.
Hasi kubikoresho byimboga bitangwa muri rolls, biroroshye gutanga no gutondekanya
Canvas ikoresha mbere yo kurangiza igorofa yose, urashobora kugabanya igitambaro cyubunini na tinker
Umuyoboro wa pamba utanga umuceri wumuceri
Uyu munsi, mugihe cyimijyi no kongera umwanda wibidukikije, abantu bake bafite amahirwe yo kubaho mubumwe na kamere. Birashoboka, rero tugerageza kubikurura mumazu yacu. Ku muhengeri w'ibidukikije, abakora benshi basubira mu bikoresho by'ibanze, cyane cyane ku bikoresho by'imboga kugira ngo bakore igifuniko cy'igorofa.
Umugenzo wo gutanga igorofa y'ibikoresho bisanzwe byibimera biva kera. Ndetse na mbere yo kwiga gukora urudodo mu bwoya bw'inyamaswa, umuntu abona ko ibimera byinshi bifite fibre ikomeye, bitangira gukoresha iyi fibre kubitekerezo byabo. Imva za veggie zo mu kibaya cy'abami zabonye amababi yo mu nkoni na Lotus. Hirya no hino mu Bugereki, amagorofa y'amazu yari yarambishijwe inganda ziboheye cyangwa nanone. Hirya no hino Roma, imirasire y'imboga ya fibre iba abantu benshi bakennye. Abakire basanzwe bishimira itapi zatumijwe mu bihugu byo mu burasirazuba bwo hagati, buri gihe bwari buzwi ku bicuruzwa byabo byiza n'ibicuruzwa by'ubwoya. Kumunsi, ikintu cyingenzi cyimbere cyimbere kibohewe hanze ya mantAts.
Amashusho, ikozwe mu fibre y'ibihingwa, azwi nk '"matema". Iyi ni ijambo rikomeye ry'igifaransa Ubushinwa, bwasobanuwe n'ibicuruzwa bya kamere byazanywe mu Bushinwa maze binjira mu Burayi muri XIX. Mu muhengeri w'iburasirazuba. Imodoka ya Mint yasaga nkaho yoroshye cyane, imitako yonyine yarimo gukora ku nsanganyamatsiko zitandukanye mubyimbye. Bridheld yaturutse mubyatsi nimpapuro, mugitangira XIX na CHW. Byari byiza cyane. Noneho comptriotts yacu iha icyubahiro cyubwoya na silike-izwi cyane kumatapi. Ariko abantu bakuru n'ibisekuruza, birashoboka, biracyibuka amatungo mato ahendutse yumusaruro wa Vietnam, byibuze muburyo bumwe bwo kuzuza isoko rya soviege Mariya 70-80.
Ku iburengerazuba bwimyambarire ku matiku yagarutse mumyaka icumi ya XXV., Uminjangwe ibidukikije. Amatafari ava mubikoresho byibimera "bikwiye" muri aestethetics. N'ubundi kandi, ntabwo bakozwe gusa ibikoresho shingiro nyabyo, ariko ntibitera allergie, kandi bafite massage yoroheje, ni ukuvuga ubuzima bwiza. Byongeye kandi, fibre nyinshi ziraramba kuburyo badafite inzara zamatungo yo murugo. Umubyimba mwinshi hamwe nuburyo bwinshi bwibintu, usibye ubwiza, gukina nuruhare rufatika nukukongera icyumba cyumvikana.
Ubwoko bwibikoresho fatizo
Ibikoresho nyamukuru byo gukora amababi ntabwo byahindutse kuva mubihe bya kera cyane. Fibre ikurwa mumababi cyangwa ibihingwa bikurura akuramo cyangwa gutandukana na pulp. Amaze kubona rero fibre, abakurambere bacu bamenetse hamwe, barumye kandi bakora ikintu kimeze nkumugozi muto, kandi kimaze gukora igorofa ikomeye kandi nziza. Ibikoresho bizwi cyane kandi bikunze kugaragara kuruganda, jute, sisal, coyre. Umuceri, flax, hemp, ipamba ntisanzwe.Ipamba. Nibo wambere wakoresheje urusaku. Ibi ni ibintu bihendutse kandi byoroshye-kwambara, imirongo yacyo yabonetse cyane, idakwiriye gusa imyenda gusa, ariko nayo kubintu byimbere. Mu gukora itangwa na manda mugihe cacu, ipamba ikoreshwa nkikibanza cya mesh, ikomeza ipfundo kandi irinda itandukaniro.
Inkoni Irakura ku butaka bw'igisami no ku nkombe z'abagezi. Ibikoresho by'ibikoni, ushobora gukora amaco, benshi, mu bihugu bitandukanye byonyine, gakondo bikoreshwa mu musaruro wa hasi cyangwa ku rukuta. Uburebure bw'igihingwa ntabwo burenze m 1.5, kugirango kubona umugozi muremure ugomba guhuza ibiti bike. Ubuhanga bubiri bwo gukorana na reed birazwi: urashobora gusebanya ibiti byinshi bibi hanyuma ukabyuma, kandi urashobora kubanza gukama, hanyuma ukayuma, hanyuma uzunguruke kandi uzunguruke. Tekinike ya mbere ituma bishoboka gukora vuba mat hanyuma uhite ubikoresha, ariko icya kabiri gituma mat iramba kandi iramba hamwe nubunini buto.
Imyenda Biragaragara, nabyo bikoreshwa nkibikoresho fatizo ku matiku. Imyenda itangwa na flax isanzwe, ariko iyo uhuza fibre nyinshi muri bundle, ibintu bito kandi bikomeye biraboneka, bikwiranye no gukora ibitambaro byiza. Ni beza cyane, ariko ikibabaje, ntikiriho, rero bikwiranye nurukuta. Ariko, ikindi gihingwa kizwi - flax ya Indoneziya, isa cyane na cactus. Kuva mumababi ye, ndende cyane kandi yuzuye fibre ikuramo. Abatuye inoneziya bazaguruka bava muri matasi, nyuma yo kugurisha ba mukerarugendo. Emagazine ya Slax matel ni gake cyane, ariko kubona ijambo "flax" kuri label, ntushobora gushidikanya ko hari umunyamuryango wibihingwa bya Indoneziya.
Jute - Ihuriro ryibihuru, igice-cyabakozi nigituba byumuryango wa lime. Hariho 100Wide kandi uboneka muri tropique ya Aziya, Afrika na Amerika. Ongeraho ibihingwa ngarukamwaka jute hagufi kandi ndende. 20-25% fibre iboneka kuri sket yumye. IJAMBO RUTE ziratandukanye mukwihangana bidasanzwe no kuramba, akenshi bikoreshwa mubikorwa bya tekiniki cyangwa ahantu hamwe numutwaro uremereye (urugero, mubiro mbere yo kwinjira). Rimwe na rimwe, jute yita kuri fibre yimikindo yumufana wumushinwa, ariko anasobanutse cyane kandi akoreshwa ku mata ahanini mu Bushinwa, Vietnam na Koreya.
Koir - Fibre kuva mushyingiranywe n'imbuto za cocout. (Ntukitiranya na copra, ni intungamubiri zumye-jostriperm y'ibiti by'imikindo kandi bikoreshwa mu gutanga amavuta ya cocon, mu musaruro wa margarine.) COYRE nziza yacumiwe. Barumiwe mumazi yinyanja kugirango batange elastique, hanyuma barurukanwa. Fibre ndende (8,4-30.5 cm) jya kumurongo wihishe, uhereye kuri matets akora matema, kimwe na matel idateye imbere kandi irohama, inshundura. Imbuto ngufi kandi zimaze gukura inkweto zikoreshwa mugupakira matelas. Coyre umusaruro cyane cyane mubuhinde no ku kirwa cya Sri Lanka (Ceylon). Akenshi amababi ya cocout fibre aje ku isoko, arangwa no gukomera kwihariye no kutagira ikinyabupfura. Ibi byerekana ko fibre atari imbuto, hamwe na fraide ya bracket ni imikindo, biragoye kuri octoplode kandi bikoreshwa cyane cyane kubikenewe bya tekiniki. Amaduka na Coyre, na fibre yumurongo wahamagaye mumagambo umwe "coconut".
Sisal (byinshi) ni fibre kuva mumababi yo gukura kwabanyamerika, cyane cyane muri Mexico. Kuva kuri Agaava, abahinde ntibari banywa nka vodka, ahubwo nanone matema na ropes. Cxvi Icyambu cya Sispan cyo muri Sishiya muri Amerika yepfo cyageze ku mato atandukanye imigozi itangaje isebanya umutwaro munini. Kubera ko izina ry'igihingwa rifite abasare ntibyari rizwi, imigozi n'imigozi biva kuri fibre byatangiye kwerekeza kuri Sizal.
Uburebure n'imbaraga z'imboga zahutse biterwa n'uburebure n'ubugari bwa fibre. Amashusho meza ni ababonwaga kuva muri fibre ndende. Fibre ngufi nayo ikoreshwa, ariko izindi shobuja ububiko, kandi ntutandukanye kwihangana.
Igishushanyo . Amashusho yo mubyatsi byumuceri noroshye abandi bose. Abashinwa nabayapani kugirango babyare ibikoresho byoroshye bikoresha ibihingwa bishya. Mat yahatiye ako kanya nyuma yo gusarura umuceri hanyuma yumye ku zuba. Ibicuruzwa muri iki kibazo bigura guhinduka (hamwe n'imbaraga zihagije) hamwe na aroma yihariye. Ku bigo byibanze ku isoko ry'iburengerazuba, ibiti byumye, hanyuma tubura mu materi. Imbaraga yibikoresho ntizizimiye, ariko impumuro irashira, kandi fibre ihinduka gato kuruta iyo ikoreshwa muburyo bushya.
Hemp . Nubwo izina rya karengane, iki gihingwa gishobora kuba ingirakamaro. Accome, mumusaruro wurudodo rwimpapuro na matel. Filime ikomeye izwi cyane yamamaye ikoreshwa mu bihugu nk'ubuhoto, Jamayike, Amerika, Cuba, Kanada. Uyu muco wa tekiniki biroroshye gukura kandi udahenze mugusubiramo, bituma kugirango ubone ibikoresho fatizo bihendutse. Nubwo mu Burusiya hari imyenda yaturutse ku ruganda (by the watée), amata ashobora kuboneka gusa mububiko bwihariye bwa esoteric. Ntabwo bakorerwa mubihugu byiburengerazuba, ariko mubuhinde na Sri Lanka, ntibatandukanye rero muburyo bwihariye. Kwifuza gushushanya hasi hamwe na matel y'urumogi irashobora kugirwa inama yo gutumiza iki gicuruzwa binyuze kuri interineti.
Icyatsi . Ntabwo abantu bose bazi ko kuva mumibiri yo mu nyanja nazo zikora matets. Fibre ndende ya algae yumye, igoramye kandi ibohe madamu ato kandi byoroshye. Ibicuruzwa nkibi mubisanzwe ntabwo byandujwe, bifite ibara ryicyatsi kibisi, umukara cyangwa beige. Bafite impumuro nziza yumunyu winyanja, zishobora kugenwa, mpimbano. Yakozwe mu bihugu byo mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa Aziya: Muri Tayilande, Ubuyapani, Indoneziya, ku birwa bya Bali na Jamayike. VMoskwe Mat kuva algae irashobora kugurwa mumiyoboro yagutse ya tapi hoes amaduka no muri Ikea.
Vuba aha, impapuro (gutwara hamwe nizindi fibre zibihingwa) zakoreshejwe mugukora impingizo hasi). Ikozwe mu ipamba cyangwa umuceri, ihura no gutunganya bidasanzwe kandi ntatinya amazi. Birahenze cyane gukora amabuye asigaye cyane, bityo ikiguzi cyibicuruzwa byakozwe n'intoki gishobora kugera ku 5.000. Niba ubonye amabuye 100% mububiko ntabwo nigiciro cyigihe gito, birashoboka cyane ko ari impapuro uhuza nibyatsi byumuce (50:50 cyangwa 70 cyangwa 70 cyangwa 70 cyangwa 70 cyangwa 70 Ntabwo ari uburiganya bwisi (usibye japan, aho amababi asanzwe agikora) biramenyerewe kuba impapuro niba irimo byibuze 30% ya fibre.
Akenshi abaguzi badafite uburambe, kandi abagurisha ubwabo barumiwe na jute, sisal na coyre, bakiriza ibi nibintu bimwe. Ariko niba urebye neza matel ukayikoraho, urashobora gutandukanya izi ngingo eshatu zimboga. Jute na Coyre form babyimbye kandi bafite imiterere ya Belubee, kandi rimwe na rimwe ubwoko bumwe na bumwe. Indwara ya sisal irashobora kunanuka, nta kirundo na gato. Igomba kandi kwishyurwa kubisobanuro byihariye, uwabikoze: Niba bivugwa ko igiti kitinya amazi kandi kigenewe gukoreshwa murugo, birashoboka cyane ko ari sizal.
Ubuhanga bwo kuboha
Hariho uburyo butandukanye bwo kuboha materi ya canvas. Urashobora gukora ingurube, urashobora gusebanya insanganyamatsiko mu rutonde rwo kugenzura, urashobora guhuza fibre z'amoko menshi. Rimwe na rimwe na tapi yubwoya irimbishijwe hamwe na sisal. Bakora kandi nodules no kuzenguruka mu nyoti, birasa cyane nubuhanga bwo kuboha itapi yubwoya na silk, ariko nta kirundo kiva mu majyambere ya fibre (nodules hamwe na stops ntabwo biciwe). Ibigo byiburayi bikoreshwa kuri mateke nkiyi ituruka kumuyoboro cyangwa ipamba. Umubare wimigezi kuri CM2 irashobora gutandukana bitewe nubwinshi bwurudodo, impuzandengo yo kuboha ni imirongo 3-4 kuri 1 cm2. Uruhande rwa indental rwa matel akenshi rutwikiriwe na latex karemano. Ibicuruzwa byashizwemo iyi liner ntibigomba kuba bitarimo 0.5mm. Umwuga urashobora gucirwa urubanza nacyo, niba urwego rwo hejuru rwigituba ruva mu kirere cya lapx kiratandukanye. Niba matel ihumeka muburebure bwa 3, ishingiro na fibre ubwayo, ruganda ntibushobora kumara igihe kirekire (bikwiye ko bisa naho bisa nkibicuruzwa byuburayi).
Amata yihutira, nk'ubutegetsi, intoki, nubwo ari bihenze kandi bikomeye. Uburyo bwimashini birashoboka, bugabanya cyane ikiguzi cyibintu. Mat itangwa cyangwa irangi, cyangwa karemano. Kurugero, COYRE ifite igicucu kiva mu mucyo kugera ku mururu wijimye; sisal-light brown cyangwa umwijima beige; jute-gray brown cyangwa umukara; umuceri - kuva mu bwitonzi-beige kugeza amata; Inyenyeri- yiganjemo imvi-beige; Urubingo - kuva icyatsi kibisi mu gishanga cyatsi; Impapuro zakozwe mumuceri zizagira intera kuva kuri beige kumurika, kandi bikozwe muri pamba, kuva ibumba ryera kumusenyi wanduye. Uburyo bwimashini bwa fibre fibre bugufasha gukoresha kuva kuri 17 kugeza kuri 22, ahanini yaho (urugero, umutuku, ubururu, umukara, icyatsi, nibindi). Ipaza yo gukomama ni umupfumu munini wo gukoresha igice cya kabiri cya kabiri, kandi ninziba yoroshye kuva igicucu kimwe kijya mubindi.
Amashusho muburyo bwa ruganda yarangije burashobora kugurwa mububiko bwihariye cyangwa imyanda mu ngendo z'amahanga. Impumuro ije cyane cyane, ibikoresho byo hasi mumizingo nini - nkibihe bitangwa. Ubugari bwa Flall ni kenshi kuva3.5 kugeza 4m. Ibigo hafi ya byose bigurisha amavuta kuri fibre zimboga muri Moscou gutanga Ibicuruzwa 2VIGO: hasi cyangwa itapi itagabanijwe kuva kuzunguruka. Amatapi yatunganijwe n'umupaka w'uruhu, umwenda, Brocade, ipamba cyangwa umugozi w'amabara n'ibishushanyo bitandukanye. Ikimenyetso cyiza cyo gukora byinshi muri ibyo bitekerezo ko igitambaro cyasigaye udatunganya igitonda kirashobora kurabya no kubaka, kizagabanya ubuzima bwa serivisi. Umupaka udoda cyangwa ukosowe kuri kole (kudoda bizamara igihe kirekire). Iyi serivisi itangwa mububiko mugihe igura ibicuruzwa. Imirimo kuri Mariko irashobora kumara iminsi 1 kugeza 7 kandi yongere igiciro cyibicuruzwa bigera kuri 100% (bitewe nubunini bwa tapi, ibikoresho n'ubugari bwumupaka). Ariko, ugereranije, $ 10-25 yongewe kubiciro byimodoka mubyukuri. Kubika bimwe na bimwe byindabyo, gutongana ko uyu ari umurimo wumwanditsi. Ukuri kuzafasha gushiraho trim ya matel: niba ari umupaka woroheje, birashoboka cyane kubikorwa byumwanditsi ntibishobora kubaho imvugo.
Gakondo yo kurahira hasi munzu yikiyapani ifite matamine idasanzwe - yavuye munzu yicyayi hamwe numuco wubukorikori wumuhango wicyayi. Ikozwe na tatami kuva ibimera bibiri. Hagati ya matel ni igice cyakozwe mubyatsi by'umuceri, label kuva iGUZA (urubingo rutandukanye rwiyongera ku birwa by'Ubuyapani). Ku mpande, Tatami yatunganijwe n'igitambara cyijimye (Goza), rimwe na rimwe humva. Ubuso bwa matel buroroshye, hafi yubudodo, birashimishije gukoraho. Ihusi ni ingirakamaro cyane kumubiri: Ifite ingaruka za massage yoroshye, kandi ifite imitungo ya bagiteri na hypollergenic. Vtatat ntizigera yongererwa cyangwa ubundi udukoko. Agace kayo kateganijwe kandi tugomba kuba kuva 1.5 kugeza 1.8m2. Avoga Ikigereranyo cy'uburebure bw'ababuranyi mu bice bitandukanye by'Ubuyapani birasanzwe: Wortoki- 1.760.88m; wkoto- 1,910.095m; Vanya- 1.820.91m. Ubunini bwa Tatami buhindagurika kuva3 kugeza 6cm. Uburemere bwibicuruzwa bimwe hamwe nubunini bwa cm 5-6 ni 35-45 kg.
Urashobora kuzamura Tabati kubuso ubwo aribwo bwose, byiza ku kibaho kidafite ikinyabupfura. Hariho uduce gakondo kubice bitandukanye byubuyapani, amahitamo yo gushiramo mandi. Ntabwo bisaba imbaraga zidasanzwe. Amashusho arashobora gutema, guhindura imiterere yicyumba, shyirana, ashyiraho ahantu ho kwicara no gusinzira cyangwa podium. Kora tatami igihe kinini cyane. Insengero zikabije zubuyapani zakomeje tatami XIv-xv ibinyejana byinshi, kandi hafi yubusa. Biroroshye kwita kubicuruzwa: birashobora gusukurwa hamwe nisuku ya vacuum no gukaraba. Ariko, imiterere nyamukuru yo kubungabunga no kubahiriza imigenzo imwe n'imwe. Ugomba rero kwibuka ko abayapani batigeze bajya kuri Tatami inkweto. Nkuko amata adatinya amazi ayo ari yo yose, nta bushyuhe, aho kugira ngo batagira gusa, ahubwo no kuri Veranda ndetse no mu busitani. VMoskwe Tatami irashobora kugurwa muri gallery yimbere yikiyapani "Dzendo" ku giciro cya $ 150-450 (bitewe n'ubunini).
Uburyo bwo Kurambika
Gukinisha kw'ikirere birashobora kuba hasi muburyo butandukanye: kuri kole, munsi ya Plint, ku nkoni, kuri kaseti. Tekinike yo kwishyiriraho ntabwo itandukanye cyane na tapi isanzwe. Ihame, akazi karashobora gukorwa n'amaboko yawe, igoye izaba ibice. Amaduka agurisha ibifuniko byo hanze, hari abapfumu. Igiciro cya serivisi zabo cyangwa gikubiye mubiciro byibicuruzwa, cyangwa biganirwaho ukundi.Kubaho kuruhande rwimfungura byoroshya kwishyiriraho kwishyiriraho. Ntabwo izanyerera hasi, kandi iyo aryamye ku mugambi munini, ntibisaba gukoresha ibifatika bidasanzwe, kuva latex izemerera intwaro gufata kuburemere bwacyo. Iyo umariye munsi ya Plint, birakenewe kugura ifiriti hamwe niziba: Agace kagoronya hiyongereyeho byibuze 5% kuri bateri impande zose. Mbere yo gutondekanya hasi, ibikoresho byinjiye mucyumba kandi bisigaye mubushyuhe bwicyumba cyamasaha 48. Kubikomeye, kole idasanzwe ishingiye kuri synthetike resive idafite diluntint ikoreshwa.
Kwita no kubika
Igihe cya serivisi ya rug cyangwa hasi biterwa nibikoresho bikozwe nibikorwa. Niba ibintu byose byubahirizwa, hanyuma bikaba binini mubuzima bwa serivisi, imyaka 5; Kuri jute, Coyre, inkoni nimirenge nimiti; Ku muceri n'impapuro- imyaka 4. Birakwiye kandi kwibuka ko tapi cyangwa ipfundo kuri lapx bizakomeza kurenza iyo bitarenzeho, kandi igiciro cyatinze kitava mupamba na latex, igihe gito cyubuzima bwacyo. Sizal matts, ibyatsi nimpapuro bitinya gutobora. Niba rero wabonye ahantu h'icyatsi cyangwa umukara ku muzingo cyangwa igitambara, gutandukana, niba ibikoresho byangirika ku buso bugera ku muhengeri ujyanye n'imihindagurikire, birashoboka cyane ko materi yafashwe nabi. Iki gicuruzwa ntigikwiye kugura, kubera ko ubuzima bwa serivisi bwahinduwe hafi ya 3.
ITARIKI KANDI ISOHOTSE MU RUCKA, impapuro, inkoni, urumogi ni rwiza mubyerekezo. Jute na Coyre birashobora gukoreshwa muri koridoro cyangwa mu biro. Sizalus yabazwe haba murugo no mubiro, byose biterwa nibimenyetso byihariye byuwabikoze. Imwe muri fibre karemano irashobora gukoreshwa mumagorofa ashyushye. Iyo ushire ku ngazi cyangwa hejuru yinyuguti zose zigoramye, ubwicanyi bwitwa umurongo ntizigaragara, bugaragara kumatapi na tapi.
Buri bwoko bwa matake ukeneye ubwitonzi ugomba kuvuga mububiko. Amategeko rusange tuzatondeka. Amashusho yo muri Sisal, Hemp n'umuceri "Ntukunde" gukaraba icyuho cya vacuum, kandi iyo divayi, amata, ibinyobwa n'ibinyobwa bya kashe hamwe n'ibinyobwa bya karukingurutse. Ibicuruzwa birashobora gusiga ahantu hamenetse hejuru. Ibicuruzwa biva muri jute na coarra ntabwo ari ugusangira igihe kimwe gusa, ariko utuje hamwe no guhora bagenda mu nkweto zanduye. Nibyiza gukoresha isuku yumye hamwe na vacuum isukuye. Ndashimira imitungo idasanzwe ya antisticatike, isuku ntabwo izarambiranye, kuko, bitandukanye na tapi yintoki, amatakubiri ntabwo akusanya umukungugu kuruhande, kandi biroroshye cyane kubisukura.
Mat azahanganira kunyeganyeza umwenda gato, ariko amazi ashyushye atemewe. Niba ushaka gukoresha bimwe mubibi, bigomba kuba ibisubizo kuri fibre ya vinegere. Rimwe na rimwe, gutagira no hasi byatunganijwe mugihe cyo gukora cya Scotchguard (ibi bigomba kumenyekana nabagurisha, kuko ikusanirizo rimwe naryo ryatunganijwe, kandi ritavuwe). Ibihimbano birinda ifuro biturutse ku bushuhe, umukungugu, umwanda n'indabyo kandi bigira uruhare mu kwitonda. Kubicuruzwa byatunganijwe, ibicuruzwa byose byogusukura nubushuhe byakozwe kuko bakaraba scotkoard, nyuma yigituba kibasiwe numwanda.
Kashe no gukusanya
Bitandukanye n'iburengerazuba, mu Burusiya, amatara yo hanze mu fibre y'ibihingwa ari scoop nziza. Nk'uko abagurisha, mu gihe ibi bicuruzwa bitadukoresha mu bisabwa, abaguzi batazi ibiciro nkibi, cyangwa bafite ubwoba ku biciro byabo biri hejuru, cyangwa bakaba batigeze bava mu myanda no guhitamo itanura mu bwoya cyangwa silk . Nibyo, hamwe nubucuruzi bucuruza ntabwo byamamaza cyane cyane ibyegeranyo bya matema kubagura kubakora kuri extetine, kubera ko ukeneye kugira murwego kandi udakeneye kugira. Ntuhure muri moscou nibicuruzwa byiza cyangwa impimbano- uruhande rwiza rwibisabwa bito. Ariko icyifuzo gito gihinduka kandi nukubera ko abagurisha nabajyanama cyangwa ntakintu gishobora kuvuga kubyerekeye amababi yatanzwe muri bo mububiko, cyangwa gukwirakwiza amakuru atari make. Kubwibyo, kujya mububiko kuri matel, birakenewe "gutondera" kugirango tutagwa. Saba ko batanga ibigo, ni ubuhe buryo bwo gukoresha no gusukura ifunze, aho bikoresho bikozwe, nibindi. Ugukangura ubumenyi, birashoboka cyane ko utibeshye muguhitamo, kandi ibicuruzwa byaguzwe bizagushimisha imyaka myinshi. Igomba kandi kwitondera ko hari bike mumazu yubucuruzi bya matel, ariko amaduka menshi atanga amahirwe yo gutumiza. Kubwibyo, ugomba gusaba ububiko abagurisha kwerekana kubwimpamvu runaka.
Astra (Ubudage), rimwe na rimwe bigaragara mububiko munsi yizina rya nyiri OttogolzesOhne, ryerekana ibintu byinshi byoherejwe muri Moscou. Uburebure bwa loop ni kuva kuri 5 kugeza 10mm. Ubwoko bwo kuboha buratandukanye, uhereye kumurongo usanzwe wo kudoda hirya no hino (kuboha bisa nimyenda). Yatanze igitekerezo haba muburyo butandukanye bwo guhuza amabara asanzwe na fibre. Ibara Palette ni nto kandi rikubiyemo igicucu cyumutuku, ariko nanone hariho icyatsi, ubururu, umukara. Ibicuruzwa bya salvador na Panama Rio birakwiriye ibiro, ibibanza bifite pateng nini nintambwe. Ipanga zo hanze kuva COYRA (cocout) zigarukira kuri fibre nyinshi za fibre namabara mumutuku. Ikusanyirizo rito cyane rya mandi ni ingirakamaro mugihe ariwe wenyine muri Moscou, urubingo rwibisigi muburyo bwo gupfukira hanze ntibugaragazwa na gato. Ibicuruzwa byose byiyandikishije mububiko muburyo bwa rolls hamwe nubugari bwa 4m. Imipaka itandukanye palette: Suede, tapestry, ipamba iratangwa. Igiciro cya 1m2 cyo gutwikira sisal kiva kumadorari 70, kuva muri Coir - kuva $ 50, uhereye ku nyoni- $ 70-95. Amata y'Abadage aratorora abandi, kuva yatunganijwe ninama idasanzwe, - ibi bigomba gusuzumwa mugihe ugura.
Jab (Ubudage) ni uhari ku isoko ry'igitanda n'ibitambaro by'inzu kuva 1946. Muri icyo gihe, Mariko yakiriye icyamamare ku isi yose maze afungura ibiro byinshi byerekana mu Burayi na Amerika. Isoko ryacu rigereranywa nibicuruzwa byose byibicuruzwa - kuva mu ngingo kubikoresho nibikoresho. Ipaki ya Jab ikozwe muri Coyra, Sizal n'umuceri. Amababi yose yihuta kuri gride ya pamba kandi arengerwa hashingiwe kuri latex. Palette igizwe na seti 22. Koresha hafi 27 zabatuwe zo kuboha kuva ku nsanganyamatsiko y'ubwinshi butandukanye. Hano hari guhuza gakondo: Coir-sisal, Sisal-umuceri, sisal-ubwoya. Icyegeranyo kirahinduka buri mezi 3, kugirango wenda mububiko ukwiye kubaza ububiko bushya. Gukubita umupaka gakoreshwa imyenda yombi hamwe nimpu n'umugozi udasanzwe, ubose muri cocout cyangwa fibre. Urashobora kubona amaco ashingiye ku bumva, kandi ntabwo ari ku ipamba. Ibi byongera ubucucike bwo gupfunga, ariko bigabanya guhinduka, ntibishobora gushyirwa ku ngazi. Amashusho yumuceri arimo gutwara intoki, yongera cyane igiciro. Igiciro cya 1m2 gihanganye na sisal - kuva $ 70, kuva mumuceri - kuva $ 110.
Kuboha amabuye yo kuboha kwisi yose yagutse kuruta umusaruro wubwoya na siteti. Nibyo, na tekinike yo gukora mate birashoboka cyane. Mu bihugu byinshi bishyuha, ba shobuja bakundana, ukurikije ibi, barimbuwe kuri fibre zitandukanye. Waffle kuri izo ntego zikoreshwa n'ibigori (ibigori), mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa Aziya, ku birwa bya Arisipi ya Malayika, kuri Filipi ya Hiaga, muri Aziya yo hagati, muri Aziya yo hagati yitwa Rosca, kimwe nk'icyatsi kibisi rogoz na chii.
Ibikoresho fatizo bya matani niyindi ruganda rwamazi - Lotus. Ibiti by'iyi ndabyo biraramba cyane kuburyo, nubwo bwabwo budasaba imbaraga zinyongera. Amababi ya Lotus yaboatiye mu Misiri, mu Buhinde, kuri Sri Lanka na Bali. Amabanga ya Vintage yubuhanga akwemerera gushyiramo n'indabyo muri canvas. Mu burengerazuba kandi dufite ibintu nk'ibyo ni amafaranga. Nibyo, kandi mu bihugu byavuzwe, ugomba gushyiraho ingufu nyinshi kugirango ubone ba shebuja baguruka muri Lotusi, ndetse birenze ubuhanga bwa kera. Ariko umuguzi azagororerwa nibikoresho byiza byoroheje bifatwa nkubwiza nubu kuramba bitanga nyirayo
Ruckstuhl (Ubudage) ihagarariwe mu mata afite umurwa mukuru w'Uburusiya kuva Koyra na Jute. Ibi ni amatapi nyayo, igishushanyo cyacyo cyakozwe no guhuza imiterere itandukanye namabara ya fibre. Hariho itapi nini (1.52m), hari ibitambaro bihendutse bivuye munsi yumuryango. Ibicuruzwa biva kuri Coyra hamwe nuburyo bworoshye bwa geometrike buzatwara $ 200, uburyo bugoye buzamura igiciro cya 1.5rd. Amababi mato agura amadorari 40 (bitewe nubunini).
Ikigo cy'Ababiligi Tayibel, kiriho ku isoko kuva mu 1923, kigereranywa n'amata ya Koyra, jute, sizali. Bose ni amabara n'ubwoko butandukanye bwo kuboha. Ubunini bwibintu biva muri Sisal-kuva4 kugeza 8.5mm. Ibigo bifite amata mu muceri n'ipamba. Ifumbire hasi ya sizasi nimpapuro, umuceri nimpapuro, sisal n'ubwoya nabyo birahari. Impapuro ku makoti ikozwe mu muceri kandi iterwa isoni n'ingingo idasanzwe, yahanaguye umwanda n'ubushuhe. Igisubizo kiri kumurongo wibicuruzwa bivuye kuriyi ngingo yoroheje bigereranywa na sisalev. Icyegeranyo cya Sisal n'ubwoya kirashimishije cyane gukoraho, fibre ikomeye y'imboga ntizigaragara mu mata. Amata ya cocout arahanganira ubushuhe n'ubukonje, barashobora kuvurwa mu busitani bw'imbeho. Kwirengagiza amazi-kutibagirwa bigufasha gukoresha ibicuruzwa mubidendezi na Sainas. Ubugari Umuzingo - 4m. Igiciro cya 1m2 kiratandukanye muri $ 44-172 kandi biterwa nubunini bwumuzingo hamwe no guhuza amabara. Yerekanye kandi imipaka y'uruhu, suede, tapestry na kasege idasanzwe.
Ibyaremwe bitagira imipaka (Ububiligi) butanga abakiriya batapi yihariye muri fibre zimboga zuburingo kandi bidasanzwe mugukuramo hasi. Hariho ibyegeranyo biva muri Sizal, Koyra, umuceri, impapuro, ipamba, inkoni. Amata yose aratatanye kandi ashushanyijeho intoki, urashobora gukora igitambaro kugirango utegeke ku gishushanyo cyawe. Amabara atandukanye ni manini, mu cyegeranyo cya nyuma hari amabara atunguranye yinyanja hamwe nijimye. ITARIKI YASOHOTSE NTIBIFITE INZIRA YASOHOTSE, KANDI ISOKO RY'INGENZI zitangwa kuri latex hamwe n'ubugari bwa 3.66m. Ibigo bifite amata ya pamba idashidikanywaho. Ibyinshi mu matapi yakozwe n'umugozi wihariye, hamwe no guswera kandi nta mbaraga zishinzwe uburenganzira. Kuberako iki kirango hari abashushanya abanyaburayi. Igiciro cyumwanditsi tapite, ibiremwa bitagira imipaka ni byinshi, harimo kubera ko ibintu byose bibaho mugihe gito, kandi rimwe na rimwe urugero rwonyine. Itapi yo muri Coyra Coyra ibara karemano, cm 3 z'ubugari, hamwe n'imboga ziboherwa (ubururu) no gutunganya ibintu bidasanzwe hamwe no gutunganya ibintu bidasanzwe, 1.53m bifite agaciro ka $ 7,000. Igiciro cyamatapi kirangiye kiva kumadorari 500 biterwa nibintu byinshi: amabara, kuboha, fibre, nibindi.
Ikea (Suwede) itanga ibihe bihendutse (kuva50 kugeza kuri 7900) Amashusho avuye mubikoresho bitandukanye. Kurugero, urutoki ruto rwamabuye kuva Coconut Palm na algae fibre. Ibicuruzwa birenga 80% bigizwe na algae na 20% - uhereye kuri jute cyangwa ufite jute. Yerekanye amatapi gakondo muri sisal nicyiciro cyumwimerere mubigori. Ibicuruzwa akenshi bikunze byombi, ni ukuvuga, igice cya latex cyambuwe "ikibi". Ahubwo, ikigo gitanga imyanda yo kurwanya kunyerera muri latex.
Abanditsi bashimira urunigi rw'ibigo by'inzu yatashye, Isosiyete "Stayik Hottaych", Salon "ikibi," Nexkluve "kugira ngo afashe mu gutegura ibintu.