Turasobanura uburyo bwo kwirinda gukonjesha murugo nicyo gutekereza ku cyiciro cyo kubaka.
Amagambo "Ikiraro cy'ubushyuhe", "ikiraro cy'ubukonje", "ikiraro cy'ubushyuhe" gisobanura igice cy'ubwubatsi bwo mu nzu bukubiyemo imiti igabanywa. Ibi birashobora kuba igice cyurukuta, gukwirakwira, ibisenge, ibisenge, ibihome Binyuze mu mbuga nyinshi, kandi ibyo bihombo kubera ibihome bikonje biganisha ku kugabanuka kwa amazu no kugabanuka kugaragara mubuzima bwinzu.
Reba ibibazo byibanze byibanze byubushyuhe bwubwoko butandukanye bwinzu, impamvu zigaragara nuburyo bwo gukumira isura yubukonje mugihe cyubatswe.
Tugabanye ibiraro bisanzwe byo mu matsinda:
- Ibiraro bikonje mu iduka no hejuru;
- Mu magufa n'amatafari n'amabuye;
- mu mazu yaciwe ibiti;
- mu mazu ya skew.
Idirishya
Akenshi mumazu urashobora kwitegereza gutontoma, hoorfrost ndetse no kubumba kumusozi widirishya namakadiri mugihe cyubukonje mugihe cya shampiyona. Impamvu nyamukuru ya phenomena yerekanwe ni ukudahagije, cyangwa wakorewe itazi gusoma no kwandika muburyo bwo gushiraho. Turimo tuvuga kuzuza icyuho hagati yidirishya rihagarika no gufunga inzego.
Guhuza Windows n'inkuta bitewe no kurenga ku Ikoranabuhanga rya Seam
Nk'uko byatangajwe n'umusozi wa Gost muri beto, amatafari n'amabuye bigizwe n'ibice bitatu bine:
- Ni imyuka yo hanze yimyanda yo hanze-yuzuye;
- Ii - ubushyuhe bukabije no kumurongo wijwi;
- Iii - uruhinja rw'imbere;
- IV ni uruganda ruto.
Ikiraro gikonje gishobora gushingwa kubera ubunini budahagije (cyane cyane intermabyi) cyangwa kubura gukomeza. Ni ngombwa cyane ko hariho imyuka imbere no hanze ishinzwe amazi. Igice cya Vaporizulation kirinda ibijyanye no gukonga no gutakaza imitungo yo kwishura mu bushyuhe.
Iyo ibibanza bitose hamwe na condensate biboneka kumusozi widirishya mubyumba no mumyitozo munsi yidirishya, mbere ya byose, ni ngombwa kugenzura ibinyabiziga byo gushiraho byidirishya hanyuma bikabane kumurongo hamwe na gost
Atic
Ubwubatsi bumenyerewe bwateguye amazu menshi akoresheje atike. Kandi akenshi yagombaga guhatira kugenzura umwanditsi guhatira abamwubatsi kubera ibiraro bikonje.
Kubera iyo mpamvu, yanze gushushanya murugo hamwe na stic kandi ashyiraho ihame rikomeye: gusa igisenge gikonje cyane!
Muri flasset kubera ibiraro bikonje kurubuga rwo guhindura igisenge kurukuta kurukuta hamwe nibigo bihuza bikonjesha, bikora ibishushanyo nubutaka
Ikiraro gikonje mu gisenge cya Stic Akenshi kigaragara mu gisenge gihambiriye ku rukuta. Abubatsi bakunze kwibagirwa gushyira umusuku hagati yintama zikabije ninkuta; Ntugahatire agace k'inzu hejuru y'urukuta cyangwa ntuzane ku rukuta; Ntugakore kurekura ibisumizi muri eaves, hasigara umwanya ukonje hejuru y'urukuta.
Kwiyongera kw'igisenge kigomba kurekurwa hanze y'urukuta rwo hanze kugirango wirinde ibiraro bikonje
Akenshi, "bibagirwa" kugirango bashyireho ikibaho cyanyuma hagati yintara, bafashe ibishisho, kandi ko mugihe cyo gukora gisenyuka, gukora ubusa nikirahure. Mu gisenge ashikamye, insulation n'umwuka bemerewe.
Mu bukonje buremereye kubera ihohoterwa ry'ubuhanga bwo kuzamura igisenge giti ku bice byerekeranye ku rukuta, bihuza indoor
Mauerlast
Ndashaka cyane kumenya cyane ibiraro bito ariko bidashimishije cyane kubukonje, byakozwe mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho Mauerlatov kuva mu girunga kuva munzu zifatika kandi cyamatafari. Abubatsi birengagijwe nigikoresho cyo kwinjiza ikirere gikomeza hagati yutubari twa Maurolat nurukuta utubari twashyizwe ahagaragara. Binyuze mu cyuho gito kiri hagati y'utubari n'urukuta mu nzu, umwuka ukonje hamwe n'ihuriro ry'inzu n'urukuta rutangira gutose ndetse no guhagarika. Kubwibyo, mugihe cyubwubatsi, icyuho kiri hagati yikiremwaro cya Mauerlat no kurukuta bigomba kwigarurirwa neza kumpande zombi, ukoresheje ifuro ryifuro, risunika polyethylene cyangwa pasiporo.
Ibisenge Byerekanwe hamwe ninzego zisobanutse mugihe cyitumba mugihe cyitumba gitangira gukonja igana ku nkuta, gashyira hamwe, kurangiza kandi ibishushanyo byabo ubwabyo byangiritse.
Kurandura ibiraro bikonje kuri Maurolat, byari ngombwa gukora ubuvuzi bwa Poluurethane kuri Pemunite Kuri Peimeter kuringaniza na Mauerlat
Guhindura kuri atifiti hamwe nibiraro bikonje bifitanye isano nibiciro byingenzi. Kubwibyo, inyuma yubushyuhe bwinzu yinzu, harakenewe neza, kandi birakenewe kugirango dukoreshe atitike. Rimwe na rimwe, gukuraho ibiraro ubukonje muri Mauerlati, bagomba gukora imitunganyirize yo guhora mu ifumbire ishyirwaho impande zose.
Ibiti
Ibiti byibyuma nimboga cyane ku gisenge ukurikije ibiraro bikonje. Rimwe na rimwe, abubatsi bava mu gisenge cyose cyangwa igice cya "pie". Hanyuma igikom cyose gihinduka ikiraro kinini gikonje. Ibiti byibyuma bigomba kuba mumuzunguruko ushyushye winyubako. Niba impera yicyuma kijya mu ijwi ridafite insulation, gukonja no kurenga ku kiraro mucyumba kugeza ku mva 2 uhereye ku rukuta rw'inyuma ruzahabwa.Igororotse
Mu mazu afatika n'amatafari, umuryango wa monolithic washyizwe ahanini, ushingiye ku rukuta rwo hanze. Kenshi na kenshi, ibisate byo guhumurirwa bishingiye ku gice cyose cy'inkuta. Coeefficient yo mu bushyuhe bwa taras ya beto ni 1.28-1.51 w / (Mk), n'amatafari ahindagurika - 0.35-045 w / (Mk). Niba udashishikarije hanze impera z'inyama z'amagorofa y'inyama z'amagorofa, bizimya ibiraro bikonje mu mfuruka y'ibyumba n'amagorofa. Ibisubizo bivuye muri ibi bihe byinshi:
- Ibice by'isahani ntibikuraho ku butaka bwo hanze bw'urukuta, ni ukuvuga kubona amasahani ku rukuta. Hamwe n'ubwinshi bwa mm 520, guverineri ni mm 260 irakingura, hanyuma usohoke amatafari;
- Gukora induru ya Polystyrene Foam (PPP) mu isahani ya beto kuruhande rwukuta urukuta. Hamwe nigikoresho nk'iki, ikiraro gikonje hejuru yitanura kizagabanuka cyane, kandi birashoboka kwirinda gukonjesha. Ariko iyo igikoresho cya parforation cyifuzwa cyane gutegura insimbu yinyongera yubushyuhe mugihe cyimpande zombi za PPS;
- Kora intara y'amaraso yo hanze yimiryango ifite amashyiga asohoka kandi irangira.
Gusubirwamo byuzuye. Inyigisho zigenda zisabwa kugirango wirinde ibiraro bikonje
Hamwe nigikoresho cya gari ya moshi ya monolithic, cyane cyane kubisohoka munsi ya balkoni, ikibazo cyamasuka yubushyuhe kigomba gutezwa imbere neza. Kora aho uhurira ku isonga hanze yumuriro ushyushye winzu cyangwa utegure insulasiyo yubushyuhe mucyumba kurubuga (kuva kuruhande rwa karuvatire, kuva kuruhande rwa karuvati - urutare plaster).
Ibintu nkibi hamwe nidirishya ninzure fumste fumpers. Nibyiza gukora ibice muri PPS kuruhande rwose abasimbuka mukarere k'imiryango na Windows kugirango umwanya ushyireho ukinjiza ubushyuhe bwo kwinjizamo umusingi.
Muri garage yashyizeho urumuri rw'icyuma. Bigomba kuba mu nzu kugirango birinde ibiraro bikonje
Inzu yaciwe
Amazu yubatswe nabi afite inkuta zaciwe kandi zifite ibiraro bikonje. Inzitizi nyamukuru yubushyuhe ntabwo ihinduka ibitsina hamwe nububiko bwa birch. Mu mazu avuye kuri lue beam hamwe no kwipimisha mu gikapu, ikibazo kirimo ikinamico akenshi kiboneka mugihe cy'inguni. Benshi bakora inguni badafite imitwe hamwe nibirimo, bizeye ko flashell insmos, zirimo gutanyagurika mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho, ntutanga inshinge zifatika kandi zihinduke byoroshye. Muri iki kibazo, ikibazo kirashobora gukemurwa gusa hamwe no kwinjiza burundu ibituba hanze cyangwa uhereye imbere, biganisha ku kwangirika kwibikwa no kugura byinshi.
Ubwoko bwa kabiri bwikiraro bukonje mumazu yaciwe afitanye isano no kwishyiriraho idirishya ryurukuta, neza, guswera. Iyo ubashyiriye muri foromaje Sirube, abubatsi akenshi usigira icyuho kidahagije hagati yo gupima hejuru no ikamba ry'itorero. Nyuma yo gukama igiti, log oct yicaye kuri cluster hanyuma imanikwa kumurongo wikigereranyo hagati yigiti cyo hejuru cya loop na log yinjiye. Iri ni ikiraro gisanzwe gikonje. Kuraho inenge, birakenewe kubungabunga hepfo yinjira hejuru yidirishya cyangwa umuryango wigikoresho gikurikirwa namakuru.
Curly, ariko ibiraro bikonje bitangaje
Rimwe na rimwe ku buso bw'inkuta za beto Monolithic (cyane, ibibanza bito bitose bigaragara hejuru ya pylon itwara ibibanza, igihe cyo gucika intege. Impano isanzwe yo kubaha abantu badatunganya - gusohoka hejuru yurukuta rwa standpin idasenyutse. Ibyuma bikonjesha bikomeye kandi birakonje ku nzu. Tugomba gutsinda sitidiyo no kugarura inzu hanze no imbere.
Ubukonje bwa shelegi hejuru yidirishya no mumikorere imungubu bya brusev itanga ikiraro gikonje.
Mu mazu n'amatafari avuye ku birunga bifatika hari ibiraro bikonje mu buryo butambitse mubwinshi bwibibanza byurukuta rwuzuye ku rukuta, rwarahagaritswe. Ibisohoka imwe - Gusukura Inyungu murugo.
Urubanza rusanzwe rwikiraro kinini gikonje - icyuma gihujwe nibintu byo kwizirika mu maso ku rukuta rufite. Kugira ngo isano rero idahungabana, birakenewe gukoresha ibarura rya plastike.
Ntukibagirwe kubyerekeye kwikinisha byose, harimo ibaraza kugirango wirinde ibiraro bikonje
Habayeho ikibazo mugihe imirasire yamenetse muri Nice kuri Astethetics, ifite kuva imbere kurukuta rwo hanze kuva kuri ceramic bava muburebure bwa mm 250. Mu gihe cy'itumba, Ihuriro inyuma yumusaraba waranzwe, ryubatswe kandi ryuzuyemo. Igihombo cyubushyuhe hamwe nigikoresho cya niche kigomba koherezwa nkikinyabuho byongeye kwishyiriraho hamwe na flack iva muri beto.
Umuyoboro ukonje
Mu bushyuhe bukabije, rimwe na rimwe mu nzu yatsinze hejuru ku rukuta. Bakuruye neza. Abubatsi "ubukungu" hamwe na Loop imwe yazanwe muri sock yimbere muri tube ikarito nayo sock kuri bkoni. Binyuze mu mwuka ukonje wo mu muhanda wagiye mu nzu unyuze mu mahanga. Kugeza ku muzunguruko muto utari kure. Nabwirijwe kurasa socket no gufunga umuyoboro hamwe na kabili.Hanze, nabyo, bigaragara
Ikiraro gikonje kigaragarira imbere munzu gusa, ahubwo no hanze - muburyo bwubutaka bwaho hamwe nuduce. Inzu nshya yubatswe mu gihe cy'itumba igomba kurebwa neza mu byiciro n'ibisenge. Niba gitunguranye mumunsi wubukonje uzabona flips nibishushanyo mubice bimwe byinkuta cyangwa ibigori bifatika - bivuze ko hari ibiraro bikonje.
Icyo gukora
Nigute Wamenya Ikiraro gikonje kandi kibakureho mbere, udategereje ibirenze? Ubwa mbere, birakenewe kubahiriza ikoranabuhanga. Icya kabiri, hari ibikoresho bibiri byiza byo gukurikirana ubushyuhe bwubutaka bwurukuta - Pyrometer na Thermal Manal. Pyrometer irashobora gupimwa ubushyuhe bwubuso bwubusuni bwikiruhuko, ahantu hahanamye, nibindi, hamwe numubumbe wubushyuhe kugirango usohoke muri rusange kurasa inkuta hanze no imbere. Bizerekana ibice bikonje byinzego zifunze.
Pyrometer biroroshye kubona ibiraro byose bikonje, ariko mu gihe cy'itumba gusa
Ubushyuhe bwuzuye bwo kurasa nibyiza kumara mbere yo kurangiza kwanyuma. Ariko ibi bikoresho byerekana ibiraro bikonje gusa mugihe cyitumba. Kubwibyo, mugihe habaye amakenga kuruzira yubukonje, ntugomba kwihutira kurangiza ugategereza imbeho.
Ingingo yasohotse mu kinyamakuru "Inzu" No 3 (2019). Urashobora kwiyandikisha kuri verisiyo yacapwe yatangajwe.