Umaleko ongatshatanga kunye neefilimu ze-membrane ye-membrane ye-membrane esetyenziswayo ekubhekiswa kuyo njengomoya kunye nokuphuma emanzini. Kodwa ichanekile kakhulu ukusebenzisa igama elithi "umlinganiso we-ongrane".
Ifoto: "Tokhnikol"
Ibonisa ngokuchanekileyo injongo yezinto ezithatha inxaxheba ekunikezelweni komphunga wamanzi kwiNdlu kwaye ngokuthembekileyo ikhusela uyilo olusuka kwisitrato.
Iimbaleki zobungcali kunye nabathandi bendlela yokuphila esempilweni yokusebenza esebenzayo kwimozulu entsha ithanda impahla ekhethekileyo. Ikhusela moya, imvula, ikhephu kwaye kwangaxeshanye ikhuphe umswakama owabelwe umzimba kunye nokubila. I-membrane yokulinganisa ikwindlela efanayo, ehlala inyuswe ngaphandle kohlahlalo lophahla lwe-ternary. Ifilimu emnyama inokwazi ukuvelisa umphunga wamanzi kwizakhiwo, kwaye kwangaxeshanye isebenza njengomqobo ongenakuthintelwa ngaphandle kokufumana amanzi, ukuphakamisa ngokuthembekileyo, kunye ne-attic ye-Attic.
Iphi i-moriture iboard ukuba indlu igutyungelwe izixhobo ezisemgangathweni? Okokuqala, xa amaqondo obushushu e-oscillations ngaphakathi kophahla, i-countedate ihlala yenziwe. Okwesibini, inkungu, imvula ye-oblique kwaye umoya onamandla unokukhokelela kwithontsi lamanzi kunye nekhephu lekhephu kwindawo engaphantsi. Kwaye okwesithathu, umphunga wamanzi ungena kwizakhiwo zeNdlu. I-memmranes ye-dimprasi ivelise ngaphandle, kwaye ngamanani amakhulu incitshisiwe ngaphandle ukuze iphumelele impumelelo. Mkhulu kangakanani ifuthe elibi lobukhosi? Zigwebe ngokwakho: nkqu nomanzi omncinci nge-1-2%, ukuqhutywa kwe-thermal yokufakelwa kwe-fibus incle insumpas yonyuka nge-20-30%, kwaye ke ukunyuka kwelahleko kunye neendleko ezongezelelweyo zokugcina i-microclive ye-micros. Ukunyibilikisa izakhiwo zophahla lomthi lifakwe kwimbonakalo ye-connies yomnyama kunye nefungi, isinyithi-esikhokelela ekunciphiseni kwabo.
Uphahla lwekhekhe lwekhekhe ngaphezulu kwendawo yokuhlala
Ifoto: I-Rocwool.
1-Uphahla; 2 -Ukugqitha umoya ongenakumbi; I-3-imivalo kunye nolawulo; 4 - I-memmusion membrane; I-5-rafters; Iipleyiti ezi-6 ezixhonyiweyo; Ifilimu ye-7-vapor ifilimu; 8 Umyisi; I-9 -Ukuba
Kuyacaca ukuba ukufuma kolona tshaba luphambili lwengqibelelo kunye namandla ophahla. I-membrane ye-dimpralion inceda ukugcina izakhiwo zangaphakathi kunye nezinto ezifakwa endaweni yomhlaba owomileyo, wandisa ubomi babo. Ukongeza, ezi filimu zithintela imozulu yamasuntswana e-insumpas, nciphisa ilahleko yobushushu, uyithintele ngokususwa kwengqungquthela kunye nokunyusa ubushushu bendawo yokudluliselwa kobushushu. Oko kukuthi, ikwayinto yokonga amandla, kwaye ngexesha lomonakalo eluphahleni - i-inshurensi yokuvuza. Kwimarike yasekhaya, ii-membranes zomlinganiso zimelwe ziinkampani ezininzi, kubandakanya: "Hexa" i-Ondont "," i-rab-goben "," dupont ", i-dupont (dupont, juta, rocwool .
Ngexesha lokwakhiwa kwezindlu, abathengi abaninzi bazama ukunciphisa iindleko ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kweefilimu eziphantsi okanye ezixabiso eliphantsi, ezifana nokukhuselwa kwe-hydraulic. Nangona ii-membras ezahlukileyo zidlula kuzo kwiiparameter ezininzi. Ke, ukufakwa kweefilimu zefilimu ze-hydraulic i-hydraulic filimu zihlala zithetha i-gap yesibini esinemoya, kwaye xa ilungiselelo layo, kungekho kuphela iindleko ezongezelelweyo zemivalo, ilawula kunye nokuthatyathwa kwexesha. Ngenxa yoko, iindleko zemali zinokuthelekiswa nexabiso le-membrane yokulinganisa, ebekelwe ngokuthe ngqo kwi-subring ye-subreng, ekhawulezileyo kwaye ishiywe. Sicebisa ukuba sisebenzise izixhobo zetekhnoloji ezidibanisa amandla, iipropathi ezikhuselayo kunye nokufakwa kwe-vapor ephezulu, ezinje nge-tyvek yokwahluka kwe-tyvelion (mpont).
I-Anton Curtoikov
Umphathi weProjekthi ", iifilimu zeProjekthi", i-teknonikol PPK
Ifoto: "Ondutis"
Kwi-membranes, nje i-ventilation enye ye-ventilation (a), kwiifilimu zefilimu ze-hydraulic-ezimbini: i-5 cm ngezantsi, i-8-10 cm ngaphezulu (b)
Iimpawu eziphambili zeefilimu zefilimu eziphantsi
Iimpawu eziphambili zovavanyo oluvavanya umgangatho weefilimu ezingaphantsi komhlaba luyinto enqabileyo ye-vapor, umthwalo oshiyiweyo, ubushushu bokusebenza, uzinzo, ubunzima bamanzi, ubunzima. Iimveliso ezisemgangathweni eziphezulu zonke ziphezulu (ezibonakalayo ziphezulu ngokwenye yezikhombisi, njengomgaqo, zikhokelela ekuwohlokeni kwabanye). I-membrane ye-dimprasion ibandakanya iifilimu ngo-vapor of i-vapor engaphezulu kwe-600 G / M² kwiiyure ezingama-24 okanye i-SD ye-SD isuswe nge-0.04 m. I-Web eneeparamitha isuswe ngokufanelekileyo ngumphezulu we Ukufakelwa, ngaphandle kwesithuba se-ventilation. Kwangelo xesha, kuYilo olungaphantsi kolwahlulo luyimfuneko ukubonelela ngesithintelo se-vapor kwindawo efakwe i-insurding.
Ixabiso lomthwalo owekiweyo kunye nenye i-membrane canvas libonisa amandla omatshini, obaluleke kakhulu kwinkqubo yokufaka kwaye xa usebenzisa umxholo njengophahla lwethutyana.
Ukubonwa: Igor smirshagin / i-budadia Media
Ngexesha lesixhobo sekhekhe eluphahleni, iifilimu zeentlobo ezimbini ziyasetyenziswa. I-PAROSOIPRATIZIRATION (ukusuka ekufakelweni kwe-insumpasert) kukhusela izinto zokuthambisa kunye nokuntywila kophahla ukusuka kwi-vapor ngqo yomphunga wamanzi kwizakhiwo zendlu. I-membrankeon membranes (ukusuka ngaphandle kwe-inshunsen) ivelise i-Steam kwaye isebenze ukhuseleko lwamanzi kwi-prosances kwi-prosances kunye nokunye umswakama ngaphandle
Xa ukhetha iifilimu zophahla lwensimbi okanye nayiphi na enye ikhaya, elibekwe kwiindawo ezishushu kakhulu okanye ezibandayo kakhulu, kufanelekile ukuba ziqwalaselwe kubushushu bokusebenza okanye kuluhlu lobushushu apho kufuneka basebenze khona. Ukukhanya kwelanga ihlobo Iqondo lokushisa lomoya eliphantsi koxinzelelo lwentsimbi linokufikelela kwi-80 ° C, kunye nokuvutha kwe-membrane, ngakumbi ixesha elide, linokuphulukana neepropathi zomsebenzi.
Ngaphantsi kwempembelelo ye-UV, iPolythylene kunye nePolypropylene, apho i-memdraplene yendawo yokuhlala ihlala ivelisa, iphulukane neempawu zazo kwaye ziwa ixesha elide. Ukuthatha inxaxheba kule nto ingenisayo, i-adjeries ephuculweyo yokuchasana ne-Ultraviolet iziswayo kwiifilimu. Umenzi kufuneka ibonisa inani leentsuku okanye iinyanga ngexesha lokuphatha kwefuthe ngqo lokukhanya kwelanga ngaphandle kokulahleka kwezakhiwo eziluncedo.
IBhunga
Ukuba uyathandabuza ukuba ubeka i-membrane ukuya eluphahleni, kwaye oko kuya krwada, faka ilaphu emilebeni kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe uyafihla ngayo. Kwelinye icala, i-membrane iya kuba yindawo, kwenye - hayi. Icala elingenakuthelekiswa nanto "lefilimu libekwe eluphahleni, kwaye" ndicinge "ukuya kwi-inshonted.
I-Waterproof (isixhobo samanzi, okanye uxinzelelo lwamanzi) -Ukuba nobuchule be-membranes ukugcina isithuba samanzi kwaye singavuki. Xa uziqhelanisa, isimilo sekholamu yamanzi sisetyenziswa njengeyunithi yemilinganiselo. Ngokutsho kweengcali, ukunqamla kwamanzi kwe-membrane esebenzayo kufuneka ibe malunga ne-1000 mm. Isibakala sokuba isalathiso siphezulu, singcono.
Ukongeza kwimisebenzi esisiseko, i-membrane ye-dismbranes ihlala isebenza ukongeza. Ngenxa yoko, xa ibeka ifilimu ene-ribbon ehlanganisiweyo, ebonelela nge-herpotic yokutsala i-sctutches kunye nenye, akukho teyiphu zinamathela ezongezelelweyo ziyafuneka. Ngenxa yemfuno ezandayo kukhuseleko lomlilo lwezinto zokwakha, ii-membranes ezineflakhi ezithobekileyo ziya ziba zifunwa. Abaxhasi vutha, thintela ukusasazeka kwedangatye phezu komhlaba kunye nokwenziwa kwamathontsi avuthayo. Ukugcina i-microclue ehle ngaphantsi kophahla lweNdlu, kufanelekile ukubona abathandi be-thermometer. Ehlotyeni eshushu, ukudibana kwabo okuziqinileyo kubonakalisa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-50% yemitha ye-thermal yangaphandle ye-thermal evela kwizinto ezishushu zophahla. Ebusika, ngokufezekisa ilahleko yobushushu evela kwi-suble thermer, igalelo ekwehla kwiindleko zombane.
Rhoqo, umsebenzi wokwakha uyekile ngenxa yokulibaziseka ekuhanjisweni kwezinto zophahla okanye ukufika kobusika. Ke, amanzi angenzi kwaye uzinzile kwi-UV Ada kwi-membranes ye-tyvek (mpont) inokusetyenziswa njengophahla lwethutyana ukuya kwiinyanga ezi-4. Uyilo lophahla lugutyungelwe yi-membrane ye-membrane, ilungiselelwe amaqhekeza, uzilungiselele ngaphezulu kwemali ebhalwe, kwaye ulinde ukufika kwezinto okanye ukuphela kokufika. Enye intsingiselo: Ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo, i-membrane ye-dismation ibaluleke kakhulu ukuze ukwazi ukucwangcisa isikhokelo se-ventilation. Lo msebenzi kufuneka usonjululwe xa ufaka, kwaye ungcono nangakumbi xa uyila uphahla, ngakumbi ukuba sithetha ngophahla oluntsonkothileyo ngenani elikhulu leemali, iikomidi, ii-cuckers. Ukuba kukho umoya olawulayo olawulayo wokujikeleza umoya ocacileyo we-sheari, ke ngokomthetho, osetyenziswa izinto ezongezelelekileyo: ii-aerators, iigridi, i-ventilation, njl.
USergey Samn
Intengiso yabameli kunye neNtengiso yeTypek
I-Delta-Maxi-Max-Max-Max-Max-Max-Max-Max-Max-Max-Max-Max-Max-Max-Max-Max-Max-Max-Max-Max-Max-Max-Max-Max-Max-Max-Max-Max-Max-Max-Max-Max-Max-Max-Max-Max-Max-Max-Max-Max-Max-Max-Max-Max-Max-Max-Max-Max-Max-Max-Max-Max-Max-Max-Max-Maxmil Idrane (Dörner) iyakwazi ukubamba inani elikhulu lokunyanzelwa, eya kuthi iphumelele
Ifilimu ye-Delta-Maxi (Dörnen) inaxa amandla okuphelelwa ngama-350 n / 5 cm kwi-prod. / Popper. Umkhombandlela
Ifilimu ye-Delta-Maxi (Dörnen) inaxa amandla okuphelelwa ngama-350 n / 5 cm kwi-prod. / Popper. Umkhombandlela
Ubungqingqwa bomaleko we-tyvek membrane (mpont) 175-20 microns, oko kukuthi, amaxesha ama-6-8 ngaphezu kwento esasazekileyo
Ingqwalaselo ekhethekileyo kufuneka ihlawulwe ekutywineni okuthembekileyo kwiziza ezinzima kwaye ivunyiwe
Ifakelwe i-vapor kunye ne-moya yokudibanisa i-wimi
Ukuqinisekisa ukuqina okugcweleyo komaleko we-membrane, zonke ii-canvaars zipapashwe ngokunyusa iRibbon
I-membranes ye-of
| Igama | "Izopin" | "I-membrane yokuphumla" | "I-membrane I-Optimational SuperUl Optima | "Ondutis SA115" | I-Tyvek iqinile. | I-Isover Hb ukukhanya |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Umvelisi | "Hexa" | I-Roctwool. | "Tiknnikol" | "I-Onulin" | Dupont. | I-Saint-Goben |
| Isixhobo | Polyproplene | Polyproplene | Polyproplene | Polyproplene | I-Polythylene | Polyproplene |
| Indawo yePaki esisigxina, G / M² (Iiyure ezingama-24), hayi ngaphantsi | 1550. | I-850. | I-1000. | I-1100. | I-683. | I-1000. |
| Amandla aphezulu akhulisa kwi-prod. / Popper. umkhombandlela N / 5 cm, hayi ngaphantsi | I-125/95 | I-110/90. | 230/180 | I-190/11 | I-250/10 | I-160/11 |
| Ukususwa kwamanzi, amanzi amdaka. intsika hayi kancinci | I-1000. | I-5000. | 2000. | I-1000. | 2350. | I-1000. |
| U-UV uzinzo, inyanga | 3-4 | 3-4 | ezine | Nye | ezine | Nye |
| Ubungakanani be-roll, m | 1.6 × 22,31 | 1.6 × 70 | 1.5 × 50. | 1.5 × 50. | 1.5 × 50. | 1.5 × 50. |
| Ixabiso, Hlikihla. | 2000. | Ngo-1950. | I-5920. | 2910. | I-5670. | 3570. |