Izihluzo zoxinzelelo: Iindlela zokucoca amanzi okusela, amanyathelo afihlakeleyo, izixhobo zokwenza izinto, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezixhobo. Iingcebiso ezisebenzayo.
Icebo lokucoca idesktop "logqirha wamanzi", osetyenziswa njengenqanaba lokugqibela lokucoca "umkhondo"
Imodeli "Akuaphori-yanamhlanje" ye-compact kwaye inomdla
Isiciko sokucoca i-nozzle "Aquadiyo B300"
I-Filter Filter i-Nozzle "crumi-suite"
Ubomi bonke, umntu usela malunga neetoni ezingama-50 zamanzi. Ngaba kufanelekile ukuchaza ukuba kubaluleke kangakanani umgangatho wayo umgangatho?
Esi sixhobo sokuhlaziya siqhubeka nothotho lweempapasho eziqalise inqaku elithi "Isihluzo samanzi - iCapraprice okanye imfuneko." Incoko yenqaku laya malunga nomgangatho wokusela amanzi ophuma kwii-cranes zamagumbi (iinkqubo zoncedo lwamanzi oomasipala), kwaye sangena kwisigqibo samanzi (esizimeleyo esiya kuthi sicocekile , nomasipala.
Zonke iifilitha zekhaya ezinikelwe yimakethi yale mihla, sasihlulwe sangamacandelo amabini: ukubukhala kunye noxinzelelo.
Ngaphakathi Iifilitha-drives Ukucocwa kwenzeka kunye nokubona kwendalo kwamanzi ngokusebenzisa into yokucoca. Ezi ncwadi zingababini be-pitchers enesikhundla se-1.5 ukuya kwi-3.5 yeelitha kunye ne-3,5l yabo engabalulekanga kangako, esithe saxela ixesha lokugqibela.
Iifilitha zoxinzelelo Bahlukile koko ukuvuza amanzi ngokusebenzisa izinto zecebo lokucoca, kufuneka uxinzelelo. Bona ke, banokwahlulwa baba ngamaqela amabini:
Iifilitha zisebenzisa iindlela zokuhlanjululwa kweClassic:
Iifilitha ezisekwe kwi-osmosis, apho i-membrane ye-membrane iphantse yonke into ngaphandle kweemolekyuli zamanzi. Oku kunokutshiwo, indlela yokucoca iphela, ikuvumela ukuba ufumane amanzi obunyulu obukhulu.
Ukulungiselela ukungakukulayisha kakhulu ngolwazi, namhlanje siza kugxila kwiifilitha zeqela lokuqala kusetyenziswa iindlela zokucoca ezenziwayo, kwaye inqaku elikwiinkqubo zokubuyela umva ziya kupapasha kamva.
Ukungancedi kwamanzi asezidolophini
Amanzi angena ekunikezelweni kwamanzi kwaye avele kwi-crane yendlu yedolophu, njengommiselo, kuthatha amalungiselelo amahle kwaye afezekise iimfuno ze-SANPIN 2.1.4.101 (ngaphezulu kwenqaku " ). Amaphepha e-Microbiology ayamkelekile. Kodwa iipropathi ze-organoleptic zokuxelelwa amanzi, i-odor, umbala, ayisoloko ihambelana nabathengi. Oku kungenxa yenyani yokuba iqulathe i-chlorine kunye neemveliso zalo zokunxibelelana ezinamagqabantshintshi aphilayo; Ukunqunyanyiswa koomatshini (il, isanti, rust); Iimveliso zongcoliseko lwasesekondari.Ngaphambili, ngaphandle kwe-YLA, iSanti kunye neRusts ibandakanya iigesi ezichithwe, i-organic computers, iimveliso zepetroleum. Ubukho beemveliso zongcoliseko lwasesekondari emanzini kunxulunyaniswa nemeko ephuhliselwe kwizinto: Yeyiphi imibhobho, xa iphinde ifakwe njani, uthungelwano lwamanzi olude lulungiswa.
Uluvo lweengcali
I-VADIM ARRIVEVICK Kulikovsky, imibutho yeSayensi yezeMibutho neMathematics, UMlawuli weNkampani ".
Nguwuphi umbandela wamalahle okhethekileyo?
-Iintlobo ezintathu zeengqokelela ezisetyenziswa kwiifilitha zokucoca amanzi okucoca: i-branular ye-bulk, ikhutshiwe kwaye i-fibbon fiber).
Kwimeko yokuqala, i-gronte kuphela ilala nje kwizindlu. Xa udlula kule phepha lokubuyela umva, icandelo lamanzi elihamba ecaleni kweendonga licocwe malunga namaxesha ama-2 amane angena kwiziko. Kodwa amanzi ahlala ezama ukuhamba ngendlela encinci yokunganyangeki kwiindonga zekhonteyina okanye ngeyona mingxunya "inkulu" phakathi kwegrani. Ukucofa amalahle okuziphatha ngakumbi kune-bulk, kodwa ukanti ugcina ezinye zeentsilelo zayo: I-pores enkulu kunye neendonga ezisemagqabini zinokwenzeka.
Iifilitha ze-carbon firters zinomthamo omkhulu wokuluka, okanye, ngokulula, inokufumana inani elikhulu lezinto ezingcolisekileyo zeyunithi nganye yezisindo zazo. Zinee-kinetics ezingcono. Icacisiwe yinto yokuba "amaqonga omhlaba", apho iidipozithi zongcoliseko, kwiifilitha ze-carbon firter zifikeleleke ngakumbi. I-Angle ithathe i-angle ikakhulu yimimandla yangaphandle, ukuya kwiminyaka engaphakathi yokungcola kunzima. Kutyhutywe nale ntsiba ye-Granalar ebizwa ngokuba kukudinwa, kulapho iqonga elithi "iqonga lokufika" sele lihleli, kwaye nangona i-sorble ithathe enye into engaphambili ngenxa yokufikelela kwangaphakathi, kodwa akukho ukufikelela kuyo .
Ukuze i-sorble sithathe inxalenye entsha yongcoliseko, ufuna "ukuphumla" ukusuka ekutshingeni kwamanzi. Ngexesha "lokuzonwabisa", inxalenye yongcoliseko oluqhongelwe ziipores zangaphandle ziya kuhluthwa kwi-pourres zangaphakathi (ngenxa yoko kwenziwa kuyo "indawo ethi" Ukufika " Zilungiselele ukusebenza. Kwisiseko esinyibilikayo, into enesidima 'sokudinwa "ngokomgaqo ayikho, iintsinga zamalahle zincinci kakhulu, kwaye ke" indawo yokuhlala ifikelelekile ngakumbi. Ngenxa yoko, umthamo wotywala we-fiber yamalahle ngamaxesha ama-4-7 ngaphezulu kwe-graneule. Ukongeza, i-fiber yamalahle, ngokwahlukileyo kwiigranti, ihamba kakhulu, kwaye nokuba kwenye indawo phakathi kweentsinga kuya kuvela "umjelo wamanzi, ngaloo ndlela ukuphilisa, ngaloo ndlela.
Kuyinyani, kukho i-carbohyder enye yokubuyela umva, iindleko zayo ngamaxesha angama-2-3 aphezulu kunexabiso lexabiso le-Granular. Iifilitha zamaxabiso aphezulu ezisekwe kwi-carbon fiber eyoyikisa abathengi. Ukubetha. Ukuba ubala iindleko ze-1l amanzi ahlanjululwe yi-carbon fiber kunye ne-grante, ke ixabiso lokuqala liya kuba malunga ne-1.5-2 amaxesha aphantsi kwe-1.5-2 amaxesha angaphantsi komgangatho wesibini (i-carbon fiber ingumsebenzi we-Sterbren). Ke, ukusuka kwindawo yokujonga uqoqosho, i-carbon iqinile ikhethekile.
Olunye uluvo
I-Vladimir Nikolaevich Fedotov, UMlawuli weBholane weTendo yeThende.
-I-rabbents ye-fibrous ilunge ngakumbi kune-kinetics yengcaciso. Oku kuyaziwa. Ngokuphathelele amandla eendlela ezahlukeneyo, emva koko ngokweyunithi yobunzima, yonke iyonke imalunga nokufanayo. Kodwa ilahleko ye-coconut ihamba ngexabiso eliphantsi. Ayimangalisi ke into yokubaveliswa kwehlabathi, kunqabile ukufumana iimveliso ngokugcwalisa i-fiber yamalahle.
Ukucoca izithuba ezibini
Iingcali eziye zavavanywa sisivumile ukuba ukulwa iifreyindi ezidweliswe apha ngasentla kwiimeko ezininzi (oko kukuthi, ziqinisekiswe luhlalutyo lwamanzi, ziqinisekiswe kwaye zanele ukuba isihluzi soxinzelelo sinamanyathelo amabini. Inyathelo lokuqala kukucoca ngokwakho apho iimveliso zongcoliseko zenqanaba lesibini zisuswe. Inyathelo lesibini kukususa i-chlorine kunye neemveliso zokunxibelelana kwalo kunye nezinto eziphilayo, izinto eziphilayo kunye neegesi ezichithiweyo.
Ukucocwa kwamandulo kunyusa ubomi benkonzo yenqanaba lesibini, ngokuchanekileyo, ayivumeli ukuba inciphise ukusebenza kwesenzo sayo ngenxa yokukhwela, kuzisa amanzi.
Kuyenzeka ukuba bandise kakhulu ngobomi befilitha yekhaya, ngakumbi iqhina eline lokuqala, ngokuseta icebo lokucoca amanzi: I-Mesh (ene-cartridge) okanye i-cartridge i-cartring ye-5-10μ0μ00μ0μ00μm). Kungcono ngakumbi ukusebenzisa zombini. Oku kuyakuvumela ukuba ufumane icebo loxinzelelo ngaphandle kwenqanaba lokuqala kwaye, kunjalo, kuya kuba yinto eyingenelo kwimeko yombane yesondlo kunye nezasekhaya usebenzisa amanzi. Ukuba kufutshane nomthombo wamanzi okusela endlwini, ikhitshi ihlamba kwaye isuka kwindawo echaseneyo: Ukuthenga icebo elinamandla lokucoca (kukho i-sushswassher kunye nenye ubuchule kuyo. Kwiimfuno zokusela, isihluzo esinjalo sithatha kuphela indawo encinci yamanzi ebiyenzekile.
Inqanaba lesibini lokucoca izixhobo ezibonelelwa yiNtengiso zinokusebenza enye yemithetho emibini: inyibilikisiwe kwikharbon esebenzayo okanye i-polymer ekhethekileyo kunye ne-ultra-fillication.
Izinto zeSortor
Kwiifilitha zoxinzelelo ezisetyenzisiweyo kwikharbon esebenzayo yeendidi ezintathu: Ukuhamba kwamandla, ilahleko yecawa kunye ne-carbon fiber. Uninzi lwabavelisi basebenzisa iintlobo ezimbini zokuqala. Ngaphezu koko, amalahle asetyenziswa i-coconut, hayi i-birch, njengoko inomgangatho omkhulu wokuqalisa. Iifemu ezimbini zaseRussia zisetyenziswa: "I-Aquaphor" (i-akvalen fiber) kunye "namanzi omhlaba kayise".Inkampani "iGeyser" ingene kwaye isebenza ngempumelelo njengezihluzo ezenziwe ngendlela yokuqala ye-polymer, enesakhiwo esitshatileyo kunye ne-Poires kwi-0,1 ukuya kwi-3.5 μm. Ngokutsho komvelisi, ezi zixhobo zineziphumo ezidibeneyo zokudibanisa i-adsonces, i-ion yokutshintshiselana kunye nokucoca umatshini. Ukongeza, ibonakaliswa yimpembelelo ye-quasi-utyan, nokuba lukhuni lwamanzi, isikali senziwa, kwaye i-chacamate ityhafile ngamanzi.
U-Ultrafilting
I-Ultrafilting yenziwa sisebenzisa i-memnene yeentlobo ngeentlobo, ezinjengeeceramic kunye "nemikhondo". Kule meko kufanelekile ukuhlala ngakumbi.
Inkampani "I-Ecomumbrani" ibonelela ngetekhnoloji entsha "ugqirha wamanzi", umxholo wezinto ezinokucoca kwangaphambili kunye nokugqibela okuyi-prenraid-ugqibelelo usebenzisa "umkhondo". "I-membrane yengoma" ngokwayo iyifilimu ye-polymer, yenziwa ngokukodwa ukufumana ezona ntlobo zincinci "ze-tracks" (microtubule) (microtubule) enomzobo we-0.2-0.3 mkm. Bakwifilimu ene-film enesifo sokunyuka ukuya kuthi ga kwi-400 yezigidi kwi-1 cm2. Ngokutsho komvelisi, itekhnoloji "ugqirha wamanzi" ukuvumela ukuba ucoce amanzi kwi-chlorine kunye ne-chlorine, kubandakanywa i-iron yepetroleum, i-alloric, i-Aluminium, i-Aluminium, i-arthogenic bactery , kunciphisa kakhulu uxinzelelo lwezibulala-zinambuzane, izinyithi ezinzima (ziqinisekiswe ngesatifikethi). Kwangelo xesha, izinto eziluncedo kunye nezomkhondo zigcinwe emanzini. I- "I-membrane" ye-track "ingasetyenziselwa amanzi ngongcoliseko olongezelelekileyo, apho ezinye iifilitha zidiniwe ngokukhawuleza kakhulu.
Uluvo lweengcali
IBoris Evgenievich Ryabchikov, umqeshwa weSSC ye-Russian Federation ye-vni ye-Insiganic, ugqirha weSayensi yobugcisa, ugqirha weNdlu yoSetyenziso "(2004, uDelhi oPhezulu wendlu).
Ufuna ukutshintsha i-carridge?
Iifemu ezininzi zibeka amaxabiso amabini ophawu lwezinto ezibonakalayo-kwinkunkuma kwaye ngexesha lokusebenza (ukusuka kwiinyanga ezimbini ukuya enyakeni). Njengommiselo, ixesha leparamitha limiselwa kolu lubalo: Ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi okuthathwayo kuthathwa ngemini nomntu omnye kwaye kuphindelwa linani lamalungu osapho, ukuselwa ngokubanzi kosapho kufunyenwe. Emva koko inkonzo yobomi besihluzo senkunkuma sahlulekile ngexabiso lokusebenzisa eliphakathi lemihla ngemihla, kwaye oko kubala utshintsho kwikhatriji. Ewe, kunjalo, ixesha lokutshintshwa limiselwa ngokuthathwa kokhuseleko lwe-microbiological. Ke, ukuba amanzi asetyenzisiwe, ukubeka umgangatho ophantsi, umgangatho ombi, kucacile ukuba inika inani elithile leentsholongwane. Nokuba isihluzi sakho asiphosi, oko akuthethi ukuba wonke umntu uya kufa kwangoko. Baza kuhlawula kwikhatriji (ngakumbi imicrobes bayayithanda i-Coal Cartridges) kwaye inokuqala ukuphindaphindi. Ngapha koko, yintoni isihluzo sekhaya? Kushushu, kwaye amanzi ahlala ngaphakathi. "Ubushushu kunye noluhlaza" luhlobo olufanayo olululo olufanelekileyo kakhulu kuphuhliso lwee-microbes. Njengoko iingcali zithi, isihluzo siqala 'ukufumana idyasi yoboya ".
Ukuba usebenzisa icebo lokucoca (iinxalenye ezintsha zamanzi acocekileyo zihlala zingenayo), iqondo lokungcola aliyi kuba phezulu kakhulu. Kodwa xa isizathu esinye ungasebenzisi isihluzo sexesha elide (it.p. Uhambo lweshishini), iqondo lokungcola linokwanda ngokuphindaphindiweyo. Ngenxa yoko, indawo yokuphuma kwecebo lokucoca amanzi emanzini inokuba yindawo yokuqina kwe-microorganisms yobomi be-microorganisms. Kucace gca ukuba ukusela amanzi akutyhilekanga.
Ukunciphisa inqanaba lokuhla kwe-foulling, ngaloo ndlela kunyusa ubomi beekhabhathi zeCarlidges, abavelisi abaninzi bongeza isilivere. Kodwa akufuneki kucinge ukuba isilivere yipanacea evela kubo bonke. Ubungakanani obukhuselekileyo kwimpilo yabantu ekuqulunqwe kwi-cartridge, imicrobes yesilivere ayibulali, inciphisa kuphela isantya sophuhliso lwabo. Kungenxa yoko le nto ingafanelekanga ethembeke ngokungaboniyo ngentengiso yeendlela zokwenza ukuba abantu abathengiswa ngabom nabathengisi: "Isihluzi sethu sitshabalalisa ngokupheleleyo i-microorganisms!" Ukuya kwisilivere qala ukutshabalalisa i-microbes, kufuneka iqulethwe emanzini ngobungakanani be-MPC (i-0.05 mg / l), kodwa oku kungabikho, ngenxa yokuba zonke izinyithi ezinzima (i-MPCS yazisa ukuba ayikho Zonke ngeli lizi!). Kucacile ukuba akukho mntu uza kuyihamba.
Ngokubanzi, ukuzikhusela engxakini, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele (gxininisa!) Qwalasela utshintsho lokutshintsha ii-carridges- zombini kwinkunkuma nakwikhalenda. Ukuququzelela isisombululo somsebenzi, kufanelekile ukuthenga isihluzo senkqubo yokubonisa. Oku kunokuba njengophawu olula lomhla wokutshintshwa okulandelayo, kunye nenkqubo ezenzekelayo ekufuneka i-SAMA iqaqamba isidingo sokuthatha inyathelo. Izinto kunye nezinye izikhombisi ngoku zigqibezela iifilitha zabo zingapheliyo, kodwa zikwaboniswa abavelisi basekhaya (uxolo ayisiyiyo yonke loo nto!).
Ngenxa yobulungisa kufuneka kukhankanyiwe malunga neenkqubo ezilula ngokupheleleyo, njengoko ezibizwa ngokuba zivelisi, "ukuzithoba". Basebenza ngokulula: xa bephuhlisa izixhobo, icebo lokucoca ifilitha (kwaye kunokonwaba) amanzi acocekileyo. Kodwa iinkqubo "ezibonisa ukuba" zisenokungakhuselekanga ngokupheleleyo. Umzekelo, ngenani elincinci lokulinganisa emanzini, icebo lokucoca i-filter liza kusetwa kwakhona intloko emva kwexesha elingaphezulu kwe-caltridge liza kuvelisa ubutyebi. Ke, njengoko besitsho, banethemba lokuzikhulisa "ukuzikhulisa", kwaye ...
Ukufikelela kwisiphelo malunga neendlela ezikhoyo zokulwa iintsholongwane zihlala kwi-filter. Ezinye iifemu zixhotywe nge-Lamp yoTyhekazo ye-Ustraviot ye-LEXTE YASE-LEXTOVEAME STOMES ezinceda ukujongana nale ngxaki. I-IASLI unomnqweno ozinzileyo wokuba necebo lokucoca i-ultraviolet, kwaye endlwini sele ifildi eyanelisayo, uyitshintshe entsha, nonyango lwe-UV, hayi. Kwanele ukuthenga inkqubo yokubulala intsholongwane kwaye yafaka phakathi kwecebo lokucoca kunye ne-crane yamanzi acocekileyo. Ezo zixhobo ze-CASTAGEATE ze-UVs zinikezela kwintengiso yethu ye-Aquapro (eMzantsi Korea), "Izixhobo zamanzi zeLizwe" ("NVR", iRussia), iR-cana (Canada) kunye nabanye. Isibane se-Mercury-thakekile sibekwe kwizindlu zentsimbi ezingazinzanga, zenzelwe ukufumana uxinzelelo lwe-10 ATM. kwaye ixhotywe ngezixhobo ezibini zokudibanisa amanzi (ukuqhagamshela okukhawulezayo kwityhubhu yeplastiki). Isixhobo se-lamp - iiyure ezingama-9000 (malunga ne-1 yokusebenza). Intsebenzo-ukusuka kwi-4 ukuya kwi-30 iilitha / imiz. Esi sixhobo sixhotyiswe ngoncedo lwamandla (220v) kunye nomlawuli oza kuvula / ukucima isibane xa kuvulwa / ukuvala i-crane yamanzi acocekileyo (kutya isiphoso sesibane). Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla-ukusuka kwi-10 ukuya kwi-200w. Ukuhanjiswa ngokupheleleyo kubandakanya iziqendu zeplastiki zokutya okuziintsilelo ze-UV eludongeni. Ixabiso lezi zixhobo zisusela kwi- $ 150 ukuya kwi-330 yeedola. Kubandakanya okunamandla, kwaye ke ngoko babiza kakhulu.
I-rigid kunye "nentsimbi" amanzi
Akunakwenzeka ukuba ungathatheli ingqalelo ukuba amanzi emibhobho yamanzi edolophini anokutshintsha kakhulu ngaphakathi kwemilinganiselo emiselweyo. Ngamafutshane, kuwo wonke umzi amanzi awo, kwaye kwizixeko ezikhulu umohluko ubonwa phakathi kwazo naziphi na izithili ezibini. La mahluko kukonyusa ingqiqo okanye umxholo wesinyithi, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kwelinye.
Phakathi kweefilitha zekhartridge ezibonelelwa yimakethi yale mihla kukho izinto ezibazisela kolu tyhina. Abavelisi baya ngeendlela ezimbini. Phambili, eli tyala longezwa kwi-cartridge ye-cartridge ye-Ion yokutshintshiselana (i-bibrous okanye i-fibrous). Ngolwesibini, baqula inqanaba lesithathu lokungqinelana okanye ukuthambisa, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kunye (ifiltha iba nqanaba lesithathu okanye amane). Kucacile ukuba isitya, umzekelo, kubuntu obuqinileyo kwi-Filters kwi-filters ye-artives encinci iphantsi kakhulu kuno-filters apho iqhinga elipheleleyo lifihlwe khona. Kodwa kuloo meko nakwinye imeko, kufuneka inyangwe engqondweni ukuba izihluzi zigcina kuphela xa i-MPC ayizukuyilondolozwa kakhulu kukugcinwa kobunzima kunye neetyuwa zentsimbi. Ukuba amanzi aqine kakhulu (i-7MG-EQ / L) okanye kukho intsimbi eninzi (i-1mg / l), iifilitha ezithengiswe kwinethiwekhi incinci, kwaye zihlala zitshintsha umsebenzi wayo yikapayi).
Kunganceda ukuba isikhululo sonyango saManzi, silawulwa ngesandla okanye ngokuzenzekelayo kwaye sixhotyiswe nge-softener ehlaziyiweyo okanye i-umbuseleli ephezulu. Kodwa izikhululo ezinjalo zenziwa phantsi komyalelo othile ngokuhambelana nohlalutyo lwamanzi kwaye zibiza kakhulu.
Okwangoku isetyenziselwa ukucocwa kwezifiso zamanzi empompo kusetyenziswa izinto ezahlukileyo zinokwahlulwa zibe ngamaqela amathathu: iifilitha kwi-faupet, iifilitha zeDesktop kunye neefiltha ezifakwe phantsi kwe-sink. Iziphumo zala maqela ziya kuxutyushwa kumanqaku amathathu alandelayo.