Umgangatho ofudumeleyo wamanzi: Uyilo kunye neempawu zokufaka

Sithetha ngeengenelo zamanzi aphantsi komhlaba, imigaqo-nkqubo yomsebenzi kunye nemithetho yokufaka.

Iingcali ziqinisekisile ukuba oyena mntu ulungileyo uziva xa iqondo lokushisa lingaphantsi kwe-22 ukuya kwe-22 ° C, nakwinqanaba lentloko 18-20 ° C. Ukuhanjiswa okunjalo kungcono kuqinisekisiwe kukufudumeza komgangatho. Uyilo olululo lugcina ukuya kuthi ga kwi-20% yezixhobo zamandla. Ukufudumeza iyunifomu yomjikelezo wayo yonke i-Overlap isuse ukwenziwa kokungena kugxilwe kuyo, kuthintela ukwenzeka koyilo. Kuba ii-radiators kunye nengozi ezivela kwigumbi zicocwe, umyili kunye noYilo kunye noMyili zivela amathuba kwizisombululo ezitsha zokuCwangcisa. Kubalulekile ukuba ukucocwa kwezakhiwo kuyaqhutywa kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, umgangatho ofudumeleyo wamanzi unemizuzu yayo. Sixela yonke into ngolungelelwano.

Konke malunga nokufakwa kunye nokusebenza komgangatho wamanzi

Iimbonakalo

Ingaba isebenza kanjani

Uyilo

Izinto eziphambili

• Umbhobho
• Impompo yejikelezo
• Ukufudumeza

Ufakelo

• Inyanzela
• Ikhonkrithi ikhala

Iimpawu zobushushu bamanzi

Zininzi iindlela zokuphiliswa kwi-overse. Kunzima ukutsho ukuba iskimu se-hydraulic sinezibonelelo ezininzi ngaphezulu kweekhrithi ze-infrared ezifihlwe apha phantsi kweleminate ukuba isetyenziswe kwindlu yedolophu. Ukuze izinto ezingalunganga ezibonakalayo, kuthelekiswa, ukusebenza kancinci kunokubangelwa. Imibhobho efihlwe phantsi kwe-tie isebenza kuphela kwindlela yokwazi intetho. Kwimimandla enemozulu ethambileyo, zanele ukwenza iimeko ezikhululekileyo, kodwa kubusika obubandayo ukuze kufudumeze umoya, kuya kufuneka i-radiator eqhelekileyo.

Enye into imfuno yokufaka i-boiler, eshushu i-fluid ehamba kwiindlela ngaphezulu kwe-overle. Ukufakwa kwayo akunakuphela kuphela izindlu zabucala, kodwa kumagumbi kukho i-analogue yombane yombhobho, okuthatha indawo encinci kwaye ayifuni kufakelo lwezixhobo ze-bulky. Enye yezinto kukuvuza imvula kunye nezikhukula zabamelwane. Ezantsi komngcipheko kuya kunceda ukungqubana kwamanzi ngaphezulu.

Kwizakhiwo zegumbi, imigangatho yamanzi efudumeleyo ikhutshiwe ngokungekho mthethweni kwinkqubo yokufudumeza. Kule meko, le nkqubo ibandakanya ubushushu obudlulisela ubushushu obudlulisela iqondo lobushushu xa unxibelelana nonxibelelwano eflethini. Oku kubandakanya kungekuphela i-radiator kuphela kwaye ivukile, kodwa ne-DHW. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba le nkqubo ayifani ngokusebenza kakuhle ukuba ithelekiswa nefilimu ye-infrared okanye isekethe yombane, ifihlwe phantsi kwelemile.

Kwiindawo zokuhlala ezinjengokufudumeza zihlala ziphambili kwaye zibekwe kwinqanaba loyilo. Ichaza eminye iparameter, enjengokuphakama kokuhlala, ubukhulu bokugqithisa okanye uhlobo lwe-Boiler esetyenzisiweyo.

Imigaqo yeMisebenzi

Ukufudumeza kubangelwa kukuphola-amanzi okanye olunye ulwelo. Ihamba kwi-piholine ivala yonke indawo ye-overlap okanye inxenye yayo. Kwisisu esifanelekileyo, izixhobo zegesi zidla ngokusetyenziswa rhoqo. I-INDODA YOKUQALA YOKUXHASA IQHUTYELWEYO, ethi inethiwekhi ehlanjululwe kuyo yonke indawo yegumbi, okanye ngaloo nxalenye yalo, apho kufuneka khona. Intshukumo ivaliwe kwaye yaqinisekisa ukuba ihlala ijikeleza impompo. Ukudlula kuyo yonke indlela, umthwali opholileyo ubuyela kwi-boiler, kwaye inkqubo iqala kuqala. Uhlengahlengiso lulunge ngakumbi ukuvelisa kunye ne-thermostants ezizenzekelayo ezifumana imiyalelo kwizinzwayo. Kwii-plus ezingxamisekileyo zibonelela ngesixhobo esongezelelweyo, umzekelo, i-compressor encinci okanye isilinda sokubethelwa ngomoya oxinzelelweyo.

Umahluko obalulekileyo kwiskimu se-radiator kukuba ngokwandisa umphezulu we-radiasing vele imfuneko yokufudumeza kwayo. Ukuze i-radiator yakwazi ukudlulisela amandla ayo kwikona ekude yegumbi okanye ikhitshi, kufanele kube kushushu. Oku akufuni oku, kuba amandla emitha atshintshelayo imitha nganye yesikwere.

Izibonelelo zomgangatho ofudumeleyo wamanzi

• Ukuhanjiswa okungapheliyo kubushushu bomoya ngaphezulu komthamo wegumbi;
• Umngcipheko uvutha ngengozi ngebhetri;
• Ukuhamba kwengqungquthela yomoya okuqinileyo kuvela ibhetri;
• Ukwenza ukucoceka phantsi kwefestile siba lula kakhulu.

Ukungabikho kwamathontsi aqinileyo kulungile kwaye inyani yokuba iingxaki ze-thermal zokugqibela zincitshisiwe. Akukho nxamnye ne-quysonsate encinci ebangela ukusulwa kunye nokubumba ngenxa yobukho onyusiweyo. Inkqubo eyilelwe ngokufanelekileyo kwaye iyiyile indlela yokufudumeza "umgangatho ofuzisiweyo" onokusebenza iminyaka engama-40-50. Le ndlela iphezulu yeyona paramitha yayo yobugcisa kunye nefuthe kwimpilo yabantu.

Uyilo

Ukwenzela ukuba ukhethe ngokufanelekileyo amacandelo kunye neparamitha zobugcisa, iya kuthatha ubalo lobuchule obushushu.

Yintoni ejikela ubunjineli obushushu:

• inani elifunekayo lokudlulisela amandla;
• Inqanaba lokulahleka kobushushu kwisakhiwo (ubukho bokufakelwa kwe-thermal, i-balconies ethambileyo, njl. Njl.);
• amaqondo obushushu angenayo kwi-inlet nakwindawo yokuphuma;
• Uhlobo kunye nezinto zemveliso;
• Ikhonkrithi yekhonkrithi ye-Conrided;
• Uhlobo lwezinto zokuhamba.

Ngokusekwe kule datha, ingcali iya kubala i-bandwidth kunye nenqanaba elinqwenelekayo. Kwakhona inkosi iya kwakha iskimu esiyintloko. Oku kunokuba ngumsebenzi onzima, uqwalasela iimfuno ze-wiring.

Iimfuneko ze-Wiring:

• Akucetyiswa ukuba ucwangcise i-contours ixesha elide kakhulu. Kuyinto enqwenelekayo ukuba ayidluli kwi-100 m, njengoko obu bude bubude bomgangatho wokuqengqeleka kwemibhobho yePolymer ene-16 okanye i-20 mm;
• Zonke izinto zangaphambili kufuneka zibe nobude obufanayo (Plus-thabatha i-10%);
• Bamele badlule ukuze onke amalungu omhlaba afudumeza ngokulinganayo;
• Kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa eli nani lincinci elinokwenzeka kunye nonxibelelwano.

Inyathelo le-garket lingahluka ngokuxhomekeka kumthwalo we-thermal. Kumda welahleko yobushushu esebenzayo (iindonga zangaphandle, iiwindows), ingaphantsi (kwaye embindini wegumbi - ngaphezulu (20-30 cm).

Ukubekwa kweskimu

Xa uyila iskimu sesekethe, nikela ingqalelo kwinguqulelo apho i-radius radius ayifanelanga ukuba ingaphantsi kweyona nto ivumelekileyo. Le paramitha ixhomekeke kwizinto ezenziweyo. Izikimu ezimbini zahlulahlula: "Inyoka" kunye "spiral".

"Inyoka" ilula. I-NEPRISVIORESS AKHONGINALS ABONALS zihlala zithintelwa. Iskimu esinjalo sisebenza ngokufanelekileyo kumagumbi amancinci kunye nendawo ukuya kwi-10 m2. Ngokwanda kobungakanani begumbi, umahluko wokufudumeza kumalungu ayo abonakale ngakumbi. Kule meko, "i" spiral "ifanelekile.

Ukufikelela kubalo lwendawo yokufudumeza amanzi kunokwenziwa ngezandla zabo kusetyenziswa iikhali ezikwi-intanethi ezikwiisayithi zeenkampani ezinkulu zokwakha. Kuya kukunceda ukuba uqonde ukungasebenzi kunye neendleko zezinto eziphambili. Ubume bezinto eziguqulweyo kufuneka zibale ingcali.

Iqondo lobushushu elingaphezulu akufuneki lingaphezulu kwexabiso elithile (i-ISO7730):

• Kwigumbi lokuhlala +26 ° C;
• kwigumbi lokuhlambela + 30 ° C;
• Echibini nakwiziseko +32 ° C.

Ukuze i-Deme yokumisa engakhange ive umahluko malunga nesekethe yokufudumeza, inyathelo layo alifanelanga ibe yi-0.35 m.

Ngokwesiqhelo, ulwelo lushushu kwi-15 ° C. Elona xabiso liphezulu ngu- +55 ° C. Ukwenza oku, kuya kufuneka uxuba amanzi ashushu kwi-boiler, uphume kumqhubi wesifundo, sele epholile. Lo msebenzi ulawulwa ngokuzenzekelayo usebenzisa i-valves ye-thermostat. Ngumsebenzi wabo omiselwe impumelelo okanye ukusilela ekwenzeni imozulu enqwenelekayo kwigumbi.

Kuluncedo ekucingeni kwangaphambili malunga nokuba kuya kubakho ntoni. Ukuze kudityaniswe kwikhaphethi, kuya kuba yimfuneko ukwandisa ukufudumeza nge-4-5 ° C, kwaye ke ngoko, ukuphakamisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okungenani i-15-25%. I-10 nganye eyongezelelweyo ubukhulu bonyuswe kukonyusa ukuselwa kwamandla kwi-5-8%.

Yenza kwaye ugcine ikopi yesekethe ebonisa bonke ubungakanani okanye ubuncinci inyathelo lenyathelo kunye nenqanaba lokufumana. Oku akuyi konakalisa amajelo ngexesha lokutsha lwexesha elizayo. Thatha idatha yoyilo kwiqondo lokuhamba kweyona nto ipholileyo, kuya kuba yimfuneko xa useke inkqubo.

Ufakelo lwenziwa ubuncinci nge-15 ° C. Sukusebenza ngamaxesha abandayo kwigumbi elivulekileyo.

Izinto zenkqubo

Umbhobho

Iimveliso kufuneka zibe lula, ukumelana nokungabinazilo kunye nobushushu obuphezulu. Izinto ezibonakalayo zisebenzisa iplastiki kunye nentsimbi:

• I-Pelythylene (Pex) -Ukugxininisa unxibelelwano ngamanzi ashushu kwaye unokusebenza nge-80 ° C. Njengazo zonke iimveliso zeplastiki, ayixhomekeki ekubonakalisweni. Ubuncinci be-radius radius buba malunga ne-seameter ezilishumi. Ipropathi ephuculweyo inemibhobho ye-pex ngokukhuselwa ngokuchasene neoksijini. Eyona nkuselo iphambili ibonelela ngeendonga ze-Wider ezintlanu. Banokuthenjwa ngaphezu kwegama lesithathu ngaphandle kokhuseleko lwangaphandle oludingayo lokujongana ngokukhethekileyo.
• Intsimbi engenasitali engaqhelekanga -Ukugqitha i-thermal yawo ngamaxesha angama-200 ibhetele kune-polyethylene. Iphawuleka ngokuguquguquka okuphezulu. Umzekelo, i-Neptun Is Moded kwi-18 mm ivunyelwe ukuba ivumele i-radis ye-30 mm. I-Coulting Express And Applings isebenze xa ivuthiwe kwi-50 ° C izihlandlo ezingama-20 ngaphantsi kwe-pex. Imibhobho enjalo yamanzi engaphantsi komhlaba ibiza kakhulu, ngelixa zisebenza kakuhle kwaye zilula ukuyifaka.
• I-Poterthylene enganyangekiyo i-Pertethylene ivale kwiimpawu kwi-pex, kodwa inozinzo oluncinci. Umahluko uya kuphawuleka kuphela xa unesidima kwi-70 ° C, ngenxa yenkqubo ezininzi ezi zixhobo zifanelekile. Iindonga kufuneka zibe ne-theeter ekhuselweyo yeoksijini.
• Ubhedu yinto yokuqhubela phambili kwentsimbi ngamanye amaxesha ngaphezulu kwentsimbi. Inezinto ezibalaseleyo zokuguquguquka kunye nokuqina. Kodwa ngenxa yeendleko eziphakamileyo, kunqabile.
• Iplasitiki yentsimbi - yindlela yoyilo ye-queder ezintathu kunye nomaleko wangaphakathi we-aluminium foil. Umphezulu wangaphandle nophakathi unokwenziwa nge-pex okanye i-peltethylene. I-oxygen yeoksijini, enganyangekiyo kubushushu kunye nokuvezwa kwemichiza. Ubuncinci be-radius busukene malunga needayimitha ezintlanu. Eyona bhedube iphezulu ziimveliso, eyona nto iphambili yentsimbi eyenziweyo ngaphandle kwe-feams. Banokuphinda bagoduke ngesakhiwo esine radio ilingana namaxabiso amathathu okuba nobubanzi bangaphandle.

Iimveliso zinobomi benkonzo ngeminyaka engama-50. Ukuba umbuzo uvele - umhlaba ofudumeleyo ofudumeleyo, kungcono ukunikela ingqalelo kumenzi. Ukutshelwa kokufakwa, kwakungekho ngxaki, kuya kufuneka uthenge izinto zenkampani enye.

Impompo yejikelezo

Kucetyiswa ukuba ufumane impompo enamandla. Qwalasela intsebenzo efunekayo kwaye uthathe imodeli kunye nogcino ngokweminyaka engama-25-30%.

Ukufudumeza

Ngenxa yokubekwa kweendlela, zahlulahlulwe zangama-mesere okanye ze-zigzag kunye neSpiral. Ngomgangatho woqoqosho kubo, ilahleko yoxinzelelo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-0.2 I-ATM ivunyelwe, ke ubude bungaphezulu kwe-100 m, kwaye kuphela i-15 ukuya kwi-15 ukuya kwi-20 m2 yomgangatho. Amagumbi amakhulu asebenzisa izinto ezininzi. Icala langaphambili liqhagamshelwe kumhambisi ngokuhlengahlengisa ukuqiniswa, umqokeleli kumqokeleli. Ngokwesiqhelo, umhambisi kunye nomqokeleli baneqhina ngohlobo lwendawo yokudibanisa, ixhotywe ngeenqanawa zomoya.

Ukutshintsha ubushushu kwigumbi, ayitshintshanga kwabanye, ukucaciswa okubizwa ngokuba ngu-hydraulic phulukene. Ukwenza oku, kwinto nganye, kuyacetyiswa ukufaka umlawuli woxinzelelo okanye ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi. Zilungiselelwe kube kanye, xa iqala inkqubo. Umsebenzi onjalo kufuneka wenziwe yingcali efanelekileyo.

Ufakelo

Ukubekwa kumgangatho ofudumeleyo wamanzi

Isiseko kufuneka sibekwe ngokuthe tye ngokungqongqo. Isimemo esiphakamileyo ukusuka kwi-1 cm sinokubandakanya ukwenziwa kwe-jams yendlela yomoya enciphisa ukusebenza kwenkqubo. Ukuba kukho imfuneko, i-conrete ityhefu igalelwe. Iimbombo zesiseko zokupheliswa kwamanzi, ukufuduswa kwesandi, kuya kufakwa i-inshurensi ye-thermal. Inokuba yifilimu ye-lavsan efihlakeleyo, i-COK okanye ii-MILY WOLS, iipleyiti zePolypropylene okanye ezinye iipolymers. Eyona nto isebenzayo, umzekelo, i-Mats Cork, yongezwe ngumaleko wezinto zefriji, kodwa i-thermal icime kakhulu. Kumgangatho wefilimu, ifilimu ye-polythylene mastic nayo inokusetyenziswa. Igumbi elisondeleyo emhlabeni, kokukhona ii-zibanuy ziyafuneka. Ukuze umgangatho wandisa xa usanda, umgangatho akazange anikezele ezindongeni, umsi umnika phakathi kwabo. Ukwenza oku, ngaphambi kokufaka amajoyina eendonga nge-overlap, kugutyungelwe ngeteyiphu ekhethekileyo ene-5 mm ngefilimu engaphezulu kwe-5 mm ngefilimu yamanzi. Imithi itywinwe i-mastic, umntwana okwishumi elivisayo kwifilimu yeplastiki akhuhla ngononophelo ngeScotch.

Emva koko umgangatho ubekwe ngesantya kwimibhobho. Inokuba yigridi ekhethekileyo yokuqina-iqhotyoshelwe kuyo ngeplani. Ukufakwa kuqhutywa kwiipleyiti ze-polystyrene kunye neemveliso zemveliso zilungiswe ngokulula. Kukho ezinye iindlela.

Nge-polystyrene mats Kulula ukusebenza, banokunconyelwa kubakhi abangenamava. Ngokusebenzisa kwabo, akukho mfuneko yokuba ulungiselele ukufudumeza.

Isixhobo sikhutshiwe kumgangatho wamanzi afudumeleyo

Ikhonkrithi yekhonkrithi engenamthungo isetyenziswa ngaphezulu kwe-contour. Ibona umthwalo kwaye usasaze kwi-SOFTER YENKONZO YOKUGQIBELA YOKUGQIBELA. Ke ngoko, kufanele ukuba ingqongqo ngokwaneleyo, kodwa ukuba kunokwenzeka incinci, ukuze ingafumani amandla kwixabiso eligqithileyo. Ngokwesiqhelo ubukhulu obungaphantsi bungama-40-50 mm. Oku kwanele ukuba le nto iyakwazi ukumelana nomthwalo kwi-2 Kn / M2 (200 kgf / m2). Ezinye iifemu ziziswa kwisisombululo zephangisi ezikhethekileyo ukwandisa ukuqhubela phambili kokukhwaza kunye nokulungelelaniswa kolwandiso lwe-thermal.

Kwaoko kutolileyo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-40 m2 yomphezulu. Ukuba le ndawo ingaphezulu kobukhulu, indawo yahlulwe yahlulwahlulwahlulwahlulwahlulwa ngokunyanzeliswa kwembuyekezo ngobubanzi bama-3-6 mm. USeam ugcwele izinto ezilula, umzekelo, iPolyurethane. Ukuba isekethe leyo iwela umgca walo mthungo, kule ndawo kwityhubhu ekhuselweyo ekhuselweyo kunye nobude obungaphezulu kwe-0.5 m. Ukuya kwinkqubo yokugcwalisa, inkqubo igcinwa kuxinzelelo olusebenzayo kunye neqondo lokushisa. Ukugcina i-coritete cutd ubuncinci kwiiveki ezine.

Ipholoji ifakwe kuphela emva kokuba zonke izinto ziqokelelwa, kwaye unxibelelwano luyajongwa. Ukuqinisekisa ukuba zonke iindawo zisebenza kakuhle, kuya kufuneka uvavanye kwingcinezelo ephezulu kunye nokufudumeza. Kule ndlela, kufuneka basebenze iiyure ezintandathu. Kuphela kusemva kokuba ukufakelwa kwamanzi phantsi komhlaba kungathatyathwa kuthathelwa ingqalelo kwaye kuqhubeka nesixhobo esidumileyo.

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