Sichaza indlela yokuthintela ukukhulula ekhaya kwaye ucinga ntoni malunga nenqanaba lokwakha.
Imigaqo "ye-Bridge yeqondo lobushushu", "ibhulorho ebandayo", "ibhulorho" ibonisa icandelo lolwakhiwo lwendlu olunciphise ukuchasana nendlu. Eli linokuba licandelo lodonga, ngaphezulu, eluphahleni, umda wobungqina kwiNdlu yeNdlu kunokuba ubushushu bububushushu obukhokelela kwintuthuzelo ye Izindlu kunye nokuncitshiswa okubonakalayo kubomi beNdlu.
Qwalasela amatyala esisiseko esisiseko seebhulorho zobushushu kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezindlu, izizathu zokubonakala kunye neendlela zawo zokuthintela ukubonakala kweebhulorho ezibandayo ngexesha lokwakha ngexesha lolwakhiwo.
Sahlulahlula iibhlorho eziqhelekileyo zoboya kumaqela aliqela:
- Iibhulorho ezibandayo kwiibhloko zefestile kunye nophahla;
- kwikhonkrithi, izitena nezinyo ezityelweyo;
- kwizindlu ezixhonyiweyo;
- kwizindlu ezisukelweyo.
Iwindow
Rhoqo emazini onokuthi ugcine ubushushu, i-hoarrost kwaye ugungxulwe ngamathambeka Window kunye neFleney Window ngexesha lexesha lokubandayo. Esona sizathu seyona nto ibonisiweyo ye-phenomena ingonelanga, okanye i-temiteral ifakwe intetho eshushu. Sithetha ngokuzalisa izithuba phakathi kweebhloko zefestile kunye nokufakelwa kwezakhiwo.
I-projelas kwiWindows kunye neendonga ngenxa yokophula itekhnoloji ye-Seam Seam
Ngokutsho kweNtaba yeNdlela ye-Gost kwikhonkrithi, izitena kunye nezindlu zamatye zinamatye mathathu anesine:
- Ndingumanzi olwangaphandle lwamanzi;
- II - Ubushushu obuphakathi kunye nokungqungqa kwezinto eziphilileyo;
- III-ungqimba lwangaphakathi lwe-vaporiya;
- Iv yindawo eyongeziweyo.
Iibhulorho ezibandayo zinokusekwa ngenxa yokungapheleli okungekho ngaphezulu (ikakhulu ikakhulu i-foam) okanye ukunqongophala kokuqhubeka kwayo. Kubalulekile ukuba ubukho boVaporizowooting ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwamanzi. Umaleko we-vaporizoniwor ukhusela ukufakwa ukusuka kumhlaba omanzi kunye nokulahleka kwepropathi yokufaka i-chormal.
Xa iindawo ezimanzi kunye ne-quysing zifumaneka kumathambeka wefestile egumbini kunye needrives phantsi kweefestile ezikwi-cings, okokuqala, ziyimfuneko ukuba zihambelane ne-Gost
I-attic
Uyilo oluqhelekileyo lwenzelwe izindlu ezininzi nge-ATTACC. Kwaye wayedla ngokunyanzela iliso lombhali ukunyanzela abakhi bophahla ngenxa yeebhlorho ezibandayo.
Ngenxa yoko, akavumi ukuyila ekhaya kunye ne-Attic kwaye wafaka umgaqo oqinileyo: Uphahla oluphezulu kuphela kunye ne-attic ende!
Kumaqanda ngenxa yeebhlorho ezibandayo kwiindawo zohlengahlengiso lophahla ezindongeni ezindongeni nakwiindlela zokuziphatha ezinqabileyo, ezenza i-icicles kunye nomhlaba nomhlaba
Iibhulorho ezibandayo eluphahleni lwe-attic ohlala zihlala zivela eluphahleni ezihlanganisiweyo ezindongeni. Abakhi bahlala balibala ukubeka ukufunyanwa kwezinto ezinqabileyo kunye neendonga ezigqithisileyo; Sukuyigcoba ipimoration yophahla ukuya ezindongeni okanye ungazizisi ezindongeni; Sukwenza ukukhululwa kokufakelwa kweendawo zokuhlala kwiindawo ezinokufakwa kuzo iimfazwe, kushiya indawo ebandayo eludongeni.
Ukufakelwa kophahla lwe-attic kufuneka lukhutshwe ngaphandle kodonga lwangaphandle ukuthintela iibhulorho ezibandayo
Rhoqo 'bayalibala "ukufaka ibhodi yokuphela phakathi kweedrafre, ukubamba i-faker, kwaye oko kusendleleni yokusebenza, kwaye kwithuba lokusebenza kuyahamba phantsi, ukwenza ububango kunye neebhlorho zokubanda. Kwindawo yophahla, i-inshurensi kunye ne-vaporizoration ivunyelwe.
Kwiqhwa elinzima ngenxa yokwaphula itekhnoloji yokunyuka kophahla lwe-attic kumacandelo odongeni ezindongeni, i-quysion
I-Mauerlast
Ndifuna ukuqaphela iibhlorho ezincinci kodwa ezingathandekiyo ezingenamkhuhlane, eziyenziwa ngexesha lokufakwa kweMaerlatov kwi-rusev kwikhonkrithi kunye nezindlu zekhonkrithi. Abakhi bahonjisiwe sisixhobo sokufakelwa okuqhubekayo okuqhubekayo phakathi kwemivalo yeMaurolal nodonga apho imivalo ifakwe khona. Ngomgaqo omncinci phakathi kwemivalo kunye nodonga endlwini, umoya obandayo kunye nohlaselo lophahla kunye nodonga luqala emanzini kwaye lube ne-freeze. Ke ngoko, ngexesha lokwakhiwa, umsantsa phakathi kwemivalo yeMariel kwaye udonga kufuneka lususwe ngononophelo kumacala omabini, usebenzisa i-foam ekhulayo, i-polythylene okanye ipasile ye-polyleylene okanye ipasile ye-polyletlene okanye ipasile ye-polyletlene okanye ipasile ye-polyleylene okanye i-polythylene okanye ipasile ye-polyleylene okanye i-polythylene okanye i-polybetlene okanye ipasile ye-polyletlene okanye ipasile ye-polythylene okanye ipasile ye-polythylene okanye ipasile ye-polyleylene okanye ipasile ye-polyleylene okanye i-polybetlene okanye ipasile ye-polyleylene okanye i-polybetlene okanye ipasile ye-polyleylene okanye ipasile ye-polyletlene okanye ipasile ye-polythylene okanye ipasile e-obi.
Uphahla oluninzi oluneziphene ezichaziweyo ngexesha lokusebenza ebusika qalisa ukukhululeka kwizinto ezizihlanganisiweyo ezindongeni, ukusekwa kwezinto zenziwa, ukugqitywa kwayo kutshatyalalisiwe.
Ukuphelisa iibhlorho ezibandayo eMaurolal, kwakuyimfuneko ukwenza unyango oluqhubekayo lwe-polyurethane foam kwi-perimeter parlat kunye ne-mauerlate
Utshintsho lwe-attic ngeebhlorho ezibandayo zinxulunyaniswa neendleko ezibalulekileyo. Ke ngoko, emva kokufakwa kwe-ormal uphahla, kulawulwa ngononophelo kuyafuneka, kwaye kuyimfuneko ukuqesha i-attic ye-attic. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuphelisa iibhulorho ezibandayo eMauerlatah, kuya kufuneka benze ukuqhubekeka kwabo okuqhubekayo kwengqungquthela enyukayo kuyo yonke imidaniso nge-overlap.
Imingxunya yentsimbi
Imingxunya yentsimbi yeyona nto inobungozi yophahla malunga neebhlorho ezibandayo. Ngamanye amaxesha abakhi bashiya i-beam yonke okanye inxenye yalo kwi "Phantse". Kwaye ke i-buam iyonke iba yibhulorho enkulu ebandayo. Imiqadi yentsimbi kufuneka ibe kwisekethe elifudumeleyo lesakhiwo. Ukuba iziphelo zentsimbi yentsimbi ziya kwi-face ngaphandle kokubekwa, ukukhululeka kunye nokuqaqanjelwa kweqanda ngaphakathi kwigumbi ukuya kwi-2 m ukusuka kudonga lwangaphandle kuya kuqinisekiswa.Qinisa umgangatho wekhonkrithi
Kwizindlu zekhonkrithi kunye nezitena, i-monolithic passlaps ikakhulu iphakanyiselwe, ezisekwe kwiindonga zangaphandle. Rhoqo, ii-slabs ze-oglaps zisekwe kwicandelo lonke leendonga. I-Coandes yokuphumelela kwikhonkrithi yekhonkrithi yi-1.28-1.51 W / (i-MK), kunye nesitena se-tick - 0.35-045 w / (mk). Ukuba awukhuthaze ngaphandle kweziphelo zomgangatho wemigangatho yemigangatho, ijika iibhulorho ezibandayo emagodini amagumbi eluphayo nakwimigangatho. Iziphumo ezivela kule meko:
- I-Plets yeepleyiti azisusi kwindawo engaphandle yeendonga, oko kukuthi, ukufumana iipleyiti ezikwinxalenye yodonga. Ngobunzima obunodonga lwe-520 mm, i-overlap yi-260 mm ivula, emva koko ikhuphele isitena;
- Ukwenza i-polystrene foam (PPP) kwiplate yekhonkrithi kwinxalenye yodonga lodonga. Ngesixhobo esinjalo, ibhulorho ebandayo ngaphezulu kwesitovu iya kuncipha kakhulu, kwaye kunokwenzeka ukuthintela ukukhulula ngaphezulu. Kodwa xa ifowuni eguqukayo inqweneleka kakhulu ukucwangcisa i-inshurensi eyongezelelweyo emngciphekweni kwiiphemu ngohlobo lwe-PPs;
- Ukuqhuba nokufakwa ngaphandle kwebala lequades ngezitovu ezikrwada kunye nokugqiba okungaphezulu.
Ukuqiniswa kwekhonkrithi yekhonkrithi kuphuma. I-facul kufakelweyo iyafuneka ukuthintela iibhlorho ezibandayo
Ngesixhobo se-monolithic roilway stilways, ngakumbi ngokukhululwa phantsi kweebhaldies, umba wokufakelwa ubushushu kufuneka uphuhliswe ngononophelo. Yenza iispile kwindawo yokuthengisa iplate ngaphandle kwesekethe efudumeleyo yeNdlu okanye ilungiselele i-thermal yayo kwigumbi lokufikelela kwi-balcony (ukusuka kwicala le-PPS phambi kwe-tie, efudumele I-Plaster).
Imeko efanayo nefestile kunye ne-risor ye-cumper. Kuyimfuneko ukwenza ukufaka kwi-PPs ngaphaya kobude be-jumpers kwingingqi yokufaka kunye neefestile ukuze i-seam ye-cumper.
Kwigaraji ifake i-beam yentsimbi yophahla. Kufanele ukuba ibe ngaphakathi ukuthintela iibhlorho ezibandayo
Indlu enqunyulweyo
Izindlu ezakhiwe kakuhle kunye neendonga ezitshisiweyo nazo zineseti yeebhlorho ezibandayo. Olona ncedo luphambili lwe-thermal ye-thermal ingaba i-rooves engaguqukiyo iguqukayo kunye ne-birch yekona. Ezindlwini ezivela kwiGlue Beam kunye nokufakelwa kwi-Grooes ye-Wallet, ingxaki enesidima ihlala ikhona ngexesha leembombo. Uninzi lwenza imimandla ye-angular ngaphandle kwe-spikes kunye ne-grooves, ngethemba lokufaka i-flashell, eziqwengiweyo ngexesha lokufakwa, aziboneleli ngokufakelwa okuqinileyo kwaye ziphathwa lula. Kule meko, ingxaki inokusonjululwa kuphela ngokususwa okuqhubekayo kwe-angular engaphandle okanye ngaphakathi, okukhokelela kumonakalo wembonakalo kunye neendleko eziphezulu.
Uhlobo lwesibini lweebhlorho ezibandayo kwizindlu ezinqwenelekayo zinxulunyaniswa nokufakwa okungafanelekanga kweebhloko zefestile, ngokuchanekileyo, i-cud. Xa uzifaka kwi-cheese srirube, abakhi bahlala beshiya umsantsa ongenako phakathi kwendawo ephezulu kunye nesithsaba secawe. Emva kokomisa ukusika, i-log ephezulu yelog kwiqela kwaye ixhonywe kwi-GAP ye-GAP phakathi kwelog ephezulu yelog kunye nelogo engaphantsi. Le yibhulorho yesiqhelo ebandayo. Ukuphelisa isiphene, kuyimfuneko ukugcina ezantsi kwelog ephezulu yefestile okanye umnyango wesixhobo se-GAP esilandelwa sisiHlomelo.
I-curly, kodwa i-on-didges ezibandayo
Ngamanye amaxesha kumphezulu weendonga zekhonkrithi ze-Monolithic (ngokuthe ngqo, amabala amancinci amancinci avela kumphezulu we-pylons ye-pylons, eyokuphela kwe-rusty brown. Isipho esiqhelekileyo sabakhi abangaqeqeshekiyo - phuma kumphezulu wodonga lwe-hairpin engapheliyo. Isinyithi sikhulula kwi-rounds eqatha kwaye iphosa ukubanda endlwini. Kuya kufuneka sibethe ii-suts kwaye siphinde sibuyise indlu ngaphandle nangaphakathi.
Ikhephu lekhephu ngaphezulu kwefestile elivulekileyo kunye noqhagamshelo lwe-angcular uqhagamshelo lwe-rusevis lubakho ubukho beebhlorho ezibandayo.
Kwizindlu zesitena kunye nezindlu ezivela kwiibhloko zekhonkrithi zekhonkrithi Kukho iibhulorho ezibandayo ukusuka kwimigca ethe tyaba ukusuka kubuninzi bemigangatho yendawo- abasebenzi babeka i-mesh ye-mesh eninzi yodonga, evaliwe. Iziphumo
Imeko eqhubekayo yeebhlorho ezininzi ezibandayo - izinto ezixhunyiweyo zensimbi zokudibanisa ubuso buso eludongeni. Ukuze unxibelelwano alukhathazeki, luyimfuneko ukusebenzisa uluhlu lweempahla zeplastiki.
Ungalibali malunga nokufakelwa kwesiseko sonke, kubandakanya iveranda ukuthintela iibhlorho ezibandayo
Kwakukho imeko apho i-radiators yaqhekeza i-niche ibe yi-aesthetics, ikhuphe ngaphakathi eludongeni lwangaphandle ukusuka kwiibhloko ze-ceramic ukuya kwi-250 mm. Ebusika, ithambeka ngasemva kweradiator lalinemigangatho, yathunyelwa kwaye igutyungelwe ngokusisiseko. Ilahleko ye-itshi ye-iche yesixhobo kufuneka ithunyelwe njenge-PPS yokufaka i-PPS kunye neebhloko ezincinci ezivela kwikhonkrithi ye-Ieedred.
Isokethi ebandayo
Kwi-fridlos, ngamanye amaxesha kwindlu yokuphuma eludongeni. Batsala kakhulu ukubanda. "Abakhi" abanoqoqosho "kunye nelog enye ezaziziswe kwisokisi engaphakathi kwityhubhu ebotshwe kwiscoby kwi-balcony. Ngomoya obandayo we-pipe ukusuka esitratweni uye wangena endlwini. Ke kwisekethe emfutshane hayi kude. Kwakufuneka ndidubula zombini iziseko kwaye nditywine umbhobho ngentambo.Ngaphandle, kakhulu, ibonakale
Iibhulorho ezibandayo zibonakaliswa nje kuphela ngaphakathi endlwini, kodwa zingaphandle- ngohlobo lwendawo yengingqi kunye nee-icicles. Indlu entsha eyakhayo ngexesha lokuqala ebusika kufuneka ijongwe ngononophelo ukusuka kumabala kunye nophahla. Ukuba ngequbuliso ngosuku oluqhutyweyo uya kubona iiflegi kunye nee-icicles kwezinye iindawo zodonga okanye eluphahleni - kuthetha ukuba kukho iibhulorho ezibandayo.
Kwenziwe ntoni
Ungazi njani iibhlorho ezibandayo kwaye uzikhuphe kwangaphambili, ngaphandle kokulinda imisele? Okokuqala, kuyimfuneko ukuthobela itekhnoloji yokwakha. Okwesibini, zimbini izixhobo ezilungileyo zokubeka iliso kubushushu bomhlaba ophezulu - ipyrometer kunye nengcinga ye-thermal. I-Pyrometer inokulinganiswa ngeqondo lokushisa elingaphezulu kwamacandelo odonga, amathambeka Window, njl njl, kunye nomfanekiso we-thermal. Iza kubonisa amacandelo abandayo ale mibutho ifihlakeleyo.
I-Pyrometer kulula ukufumana zonke iibhlorho ezibandayo, kodwa ebusika kuphela
I-thermal ivotele kungcono ukuchitha ngaphambi kokuphela kwendlu. Kodwa ezi zixhobo zibonisa iibhulorho ezibandayo ebusika. Ke ngoko, kwiseto yokukrokrela kwiibhlorho zokubanda, akufuneki ukhawuleze ukugqiba kwaye ulinde ubusika.
Inqaku lapapashwa kwimagazini "indlu" No. 3 (2019). Ungabhalisela ingxelo eprintiweyo yoshicilelo.